The first signs of ARVI

Symptoms and signs of ARVI

ARVI (acute respiratory viral infection) is a group of morphologically and clinically similar acute inflammatory diseases that affect the respiratory system. Pathogens of this pathology are various pneumotrophic viruses, of which there are at least 170 species. The most common viruses are parainfluenza, influenza, adenoviruses, respiratory syncytial viruses and rhinoviruses. If a person has symptoms of ARVI, then he needs treatment, because the disease can lead to the development of bacterial infection.

Each of the pathogens is most affected by one of the sections of the respiratory tract, for example, the parainfluenza virus is the larynx, and the rhinovirus is the nose. This explains the appearance of specific symptoms that help the doctor to make an accurate diagnosis and prescribe the right treatment.

As can be seen in the picture, the main common symptoms of acute respiratory viral infection are headache, fever, chills, muscle aches and weakness. But these are common characteristic symptoms for all types of acute respiratory viral infections, then we will analyze in more detail the symptoms for each type of acute respiratory viral infection, influenza, parainfluenza, rhinovirus infection, adenovirus infection, we will also discuss the symptoms of ARVI for children separately.

Signs of a rhinovirus infection

Rhinovirus infection is also called a contagious rhinitis, because it affects the mucous membrane of the pharynx and nose. The disease can begin both acute and gradual. First of all, there are symptoms of intoxication: muscle weakness, headaches and a feeling of heaviness in the head, chills and malaise amid a slightly elevated temperature.

Appear and specific signs of the disease: nasal congestion, pershenie, a slight hoarseness of the voice, sneezing, difficulty nasal respiration, as well as discharge from the nose, which are at first abundant and mucous, and then - dense, grayish or yellowish hue. Usually this disease does not go through hard and ends with complete recovery of the person.

Signs of adenovirus infection

With adenovirus infection, not only the respiratory organs, but also the lymph nodes, as well as the eyes, occur. The disease begins sharply, with a rise in temperature, which can persist for 7-14 days. There are also symptoms of general intoxication: headaches and muscle pains, feelings of weakness and weakness, lack of appetite, chills. Sometimes there is a breakdown in the bowel function, which aggravates the patient's condition.

The clinical picture of this variety of ARVI includes other symptoms: pain when swallowing, perspiration, swelling of the eyelids, conjunctivitis, cough, plaque white in the form of films and threads on palatine tonsils, as well as coarse rash. As soon as the first alarming symptoms of the disease appear, the patient needs to seek medical help, since the risk of developing pneumonia is high.

Signs of respiratory syncytial infection

This pathology is characterized by damage to the bronchi and lungs. And most often it occurs in children, provoking their development of bronchitis and pneumonia. First, the patient has a little fever, there is a runny nose, cough, perspiration and sore throat. Then the patient's condition may worsen, as evidenced by the appearance of the following symptoms:

• severe cough with phlegm;
• dyspnea;
• a significant increase in body temperature.

These signs indicate the development of severe complications - bronchitis or pneumonia.

Signs of parainfluenza

Symptoms of this type of SARS strongly resemble the flu, but for parainfluenza, the heavier upper respiratory tract infection and prolonged course are characteristic. This disease develops gradually, and already on the fourth day there may be complications - pneumonia or bronchitis. Therefore, as soon as the first symptoms appear, you need to see a doctor.

Signs of this ARVI are as follows:

• a sore throat;
• hoarseness;
• headache;
• feeling of weakness and weakness;
• pain when swallowing;
• sweating;
• chills;
• dry, sometimes "barking" and coarse cough;
• a slight increase in temperature;
• aches in the body;
• runny nose.

Sometimes, due to the swelling of the vocal cords and their reflex spasm, breathing difficulties may occur.

Signs of the flu

Influenza causes RNA-containing viruses of genus A, B, C. This disease is characterized by intoxication, not a prolonged febrile period, a lesion of the mucous membranes of the upper respiratory tract.

Influenza is common in both adults and children, especially during the cold season. This disease begins, as a rule, acute, with a rise in temperature to 38-40 degrees and the appearance of severe symptoms of intoxication: headache (and it is localized mainly in the region of temples, superciliary arches and foreheads), weakness, aches in the joints and in the whole body, weakness.

Then there are symptoms of trachea and bronchial involvement - dry cough, perspiration and sore throat, pain and sore throat. The face and neck of the patient become hyperemic, nasal breathing is difficult. Arterial blood pressure decreases slightly, and the heart rate, on the contrary, increases. Sometimes there are nosebleeds and herpes on the wings of the nose and lips.

In adults, fever can persist for five days, after which the patient's condition begins to improve. But this does not always happen, because the flu can cause serious complications, for example, such dangerous as infectious-toxic shock or pneumonia.

The most attention should be paid to the elderly people who are ill with the flu, because they have the highest risk of complications. At them on a background of an infection the existing chronic pathologies can become aggravated, that will essentially worsen their state of health. Influenza is also dangerous for children up to a year, so they should be watched very carefully for their well-being.

Signs of ARVI in the child

In children, the disease begins with a rise in temperature, chills and the appearance of symptoms of intoxication - headache, weakness, lethargy, body aches. The baby can become very moody and irritable.

The child's face becomes hyperemic. The nose of it will be laid, from it there can be plentiful allocation. The baby has perspiration and sore throat, lacrimation, pain in the eyes, and dry or wet cough. When the appearance of such signs in children, you should consult a doctor who knows what symptoms are characteristic for one or another variety of acute respiratory viral infections, which means it will be able to establish a correct diagnosis and prescribe a treatment.

Signs of acute respiratory infections, which require urgent medical help

To many people, ARVI does not seem to be a very serious disease, but this is not at all the case. Symptoms of SARS sometimes take a very dangerous nature. Calling an ambulance is recommended in the following cases:

• rise in temperature from 40 degrees and above;
• no effect of taking antipyretics at a temperature above 38;
• very severe headache;
• appearance on the skin of the rash;
• impairment of consciousness (fainting, confused consciousness, hallucinations);
• pain in the chest, arising from breathing;
• difficulty exhaling or inhaling;
• the appearance of a sputum of a brown or greenish hue or with an admixture of blood;
• feeling of lack of air, shortness of breath;
• edema and pain behind the sternum, not associated with the process of breathing.

Such varieties of ARVI as influenza can lead to complications, especially in elderly people and in young children. And those who suffer from serious chronic diseases (diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases and respiratory pathology), there is a danger of their exacerbation. Complications worsen the prognosis of the disease. and sometimes even become a cause of death.

ingalin.ru

How many days is a person infected with ARVI: how long does the flu virus live

The flu virus is contagious and poses a great danger to a person - history knows cases when a sudden outbreak of disease covered entire countries, taking the lives of many people.

Moreover, the complications arising after a previous acute respiratory viral infection are also dangerous.

An organism that once undergone ORZ is not protected from a new infection - a constant mutation of the virus takes place, it lives, forming new complex forms with even greater degree of infectiousness.

Specialists, using strains of influenza, develop new vaccines to prevent the spread of another outbreak of ARVI. But the bulk of the population ignores vaccination against influenza - therefore the risk of infection is high.

To prevent the spread of infection can only quarantine measures - to limit the communication of healthy people with carriers of infection. Therefore it is very important to know exactly how many days a person with a flu can be contagious.

A unequivocal answer to this question by doctors has not yet been found. French physicians, for example, relying on their studies, argue that when an infection with ARVI is in contact with the patient for at least four days should be strictly limited.

Employees of the research center of the University. Pierre and Marie Curie (Paris), studies were conducted on the intensity of the disease in volunteers infected with the influenza virus. Experts tried to find the answer to the question of how many days the virus lives in the body and how long it remains contagious.

For this purpose, several groups of people were selected, followed by a group of medical experts for ten days. Calculation of the probability of disease among infected participants in the experiment was carried out on the basis of a mathematical algorithm.

Based on the results of the study, scientists found that isolating participants with primary symptoms of influenza made it possible to reduce the number of infected by half.

Based on the results of the experiment, the scientists concluded that for the period from the moment of infection and the transition of pathology to the active phase (4 days), the probability of spreading the virus to the nearest environment is significantly reduced.

Features of the incubation period

• Low probability of detection of infection the first day;
• Absence in the incubation period of the characteristic features inherent in the influenza virus;
• Individual duration of the incubation period, depending on the state of the patient's immune system;
• Sudden development of the disease after the end of the incubation period.

The first day with a cold to recognize the signs of infection is very difficult because of the lack of clear symptoms. Being exposed to the attack of the virus, a person does not suspect that he became a carrier of the infection, until the first signs of ARVI appear.

Since the virus remains active for about 7 days during the incubation period, it is almost impossible to determine the time of infection. The incubation period of the flu is secretive, and it is possible to determine only how long it lasts, conditionally, based on the typical manifestations of it.

The duration of the incubation period can vary depending on the state of the human immune system, as well as on the presence of other viruses. With the increased attack of a large number of viruses on the immune system, the body malfunctions and the intensive development of pathology.

The virus has the ability to multiply with a huge speed - a couple of days after infection the patient becomes a dangerous virus carrier for a close environment. The probability of the danger of infection from such a patient disappears only after a week.

After the incubation period, the disease passes to the open phase. The patient senses this by suddenly falling heaviness all over the body, muscle soreness and joint arthritis.

It is necessary to identify the flu virus in time. For this, it is necessary to know the primary signs of acute respiratory viral infection. Correct therapy already in the incubation period gives a positive effect.

Main risks and signs of infection

The insidiousness of the influenza virus lies in the difficulty of determining it at the first stage of the disease. A person does not notice when he got infected. Further, the presence of the virus in the body can be judged if the patient has the following characteristic signs:

1. Increased temperature;
2. Coryza, cough;
3. A sore throat
4. Your ears hurt with colds.

Infection occurs most often in public places with a large crowd of people - these are shops, public transport, offices. Also, there is a high probability of infection through common household items, in drafts.

In people with weakened immunity, the duration of the incubation period increases. The group at risk of contracting the virus is people who live with the infected person.

Duration of the disease in each also can vary - people with good health tolerate the disease, which usually lasts from 4 to 14 days.

If the period of a person's feeling of a painful condition longer than the specified time, it is necessary to see the doctor to exclude the possibility of secondary infection or the development of complications.

Prevention of Infection with the Influenza Virus

The influenza virus differs from other viral pathologies by its "secretiveness" - even before the first signs of illness begin to appear, the patient is already spreading the infection. Until the moment he is diagnosed as infected with a viral infection, a middle-aged patient is dangerous for the carrier around the virus for about 5-10 days.

During this period he is able to infect a large number of people around him.

Often, for a cold, a person continues to go to work, especially if he works on the basis of an employment contract. This is due to the terms of the contract and the current economic situation, when care of the family budget exceeds the concern for one's own health.

The apparent cold may be signs of a virus. The employee becomes a carrier of the infection and can infect a significant number of people. Therefore, when there are several cases of ARVI in children's institutions, educational institutions and at work, quarantine is appointed.

• Bed rest should be observed until the temperature normalizes and the appetite appears in the patient.
• If the norms of the home quarantine are not complied with, the activity of the virus that continues to work increases the duration of the probable infection of others.
• Non-compliance with preventive measures leads to infection of a large number of people.

The patient should undergo a course of prescribed treatment while observing bed rest and proper nutrition. If these requirements are not met, the doctor may prescribe hospitalization. About the period of infectiousness of the patient with ARVI will be described in the video in this article by Dr. Komarovsky.

stopgripp.ru

ARVI: how to recognize and remove the first symptoms?

At the first signs of acute respiratory viral infection, the human body strives to repel an attack of viruses, for this the immune system begins to produce protective cells. In this case, the body should still help in the fight against the disease.

Instructions

1. An acute respiratory infection is an acute respiratory disease that starts suddenly and proceeds quickly. The disease is transmitted by airborne droplets. The incubation period, that is, the time from the moment of infection to the appearance of the first symptoms, can take from 1 to 7 days. The first "helper" of the disease is hypothermia. If you had to spend a long time in the cold, if there is a sneezing, coughing, choking in the throat, you can safely suspect yourself of ARVI. This is the primary symptomatology of the disease. Subsequently, the nasal congestion may appear, smoothly flowing into the rhinitis. At the same time, a person who has a sick person may not have a fever, and in general he will feel quite satisfactory.
2. You can not take the first symptoms of ARVI with antibiotics! They will help only when treating complications and should be appointed by the attending physician. Do not use immunomodulators, because these drugs are designed for use in extreme cases, to which ARD does not apply. Removal of the first symptoms can begin with proven folk remedies.
3. To facilitate breathing and relieve nasal congestion, steam inhalations are very effective. When adding essential oils of menthol or eucalyptus to boiling water, relief comes in just a few minutes. From perspiration and pain in the throat, rinsing with herbal decoctions is excellent. Calendula, chamomile and St. John's wort well cope with a similar symptom of ARVI. Do not write off and rinse with a solution of furatsilina.
4. To stop the cough, you can make warming compresses or use the ready-made breast pills that are sold in the pharmacy. At the first signs of acute respiratory viral infection, it is necessary to monitor the temperature in order to avoid warming procedures if it is increased.
5. When the first symptoms of acute respiratory viral infection appear, care should be taken to comply with the drinking regimen. All the toxins that accumulate in the body when fighting infection, settle in the kidneys, and then are excreted in the urine. That's why you need to increase your fluid intake. Morse, teas from herbs and milk with honey are best.
6. If you decide to choose for treatment of the first signs of cold modern medicines, carefully make sure that the agents taken at the same time do not repeat the active substances. Otherwise, it will lead to an overdose. Try to give preference to drugs that not only relieve the symptoms of the disease, but also have an antiviral effect. Among such means is "AnviMax". The drug is a powdered mixture in sachets, before taking it, you simply dissolve it in water. Also there is a complex of capsules of red and blue colors. The product in the sachet is available with a variety of tastes that will make ARVI treatment very pleasant. No matter how busy you are, remember that it is better to start treatment of the disease in time than to let the situation down and suffer from possible complications.

KakProsto.ru

Signs of ARVI

With the onset of cold weather, almost everyone faces colds. Annually experts make disappointing forecasts about the coming wave of influenza and acute respiratory infections. The epidemic lasts for almost two months, during which very many people manage to get sick. Symptoms of SARS and influenza are similar to those of other diseases, so it is not always possible to detect the presence of the disease on time. In the presented review you will get acquainted with the ways of virus definition, ways of infection and stages of development of infection in the human body.

What are the symptoms and signs of ARVI?

It is important to note that the signs of ARVI in adults and children are the same, there are no differences between them, however the degree of symptoms can vary, depending on the work of the human immune system. Respiratory infections are diagnosed on the basis of the general condition of the body. The doctor learns from the patient about all the symptoms of ARVI, conducts an examination, on the basis of this, he makes a conclusion about the presence or absence of the disease. When the diagnosis is confirmed, treatment is started immediately. Read about this in the book O. E. Komarovsky about this disease.

The incubation period

It is important to determine the presence of microbes in the human body, which later cause the disease in advance. There is a difference between a common cold and symptoms of ARVI, for example, the time of active development of the infection. Respiratory diseases in the first stage proceed without any particular signs, during this period the infection develops, and the microbes actively multiply. This time is called the incubation period of acute respiratory viral infection in children or adults.

It begins on the day when a healthy person has been in contact with the patient and infection has occurred, however, no manifestations of infection have been observed. The incubation period ends when the first symptoms of acute respiratory viral infection appear. Each organism in different ways is capable of restraining the development of the disease, so the period after infection to the first signs is different. On average, it can take from a few hours to two weeks. The disease also occurs in all different ways, it will depend on the methods of treatment, the effectiveness of the selected drugs, the lifestyle of the patient.

First signs

Viral infection in a child and an adult begins with a high body temperature. Against a background of general malaise, one can note a sharp increase in its indices to 38-39 ° C. Elevated temperatures persist for several days, sometimes decreasing in the morning, then increasing in the evening. In addition, if there is an acute respiratory infection in the body, pain and pain in the eyes, trembling, body aches, weakness can appear.

The first signs of SARS:

• a sharp deterioration in overall health;
• chills;
• shiver;
• coryza;
• sore throat;
• cough;
• increased sweating;
• drowsiness;
• lack of appetite.

How much is the temperature in ARVI?

A rise in body temperature with respiratory infections is a sign that the body is struggling with the disease. Leukocytes in the human blood actively destroy the alien virus. It is useful for patients to know what time the elevated body temperature should keep, so as not to worry excess time and to protect yourself from the use of unnecessary drugs: in the norm it lasts from two to five days. During this time, the right amount of antibodies that fight the disease is produced. If the temperature worries the patient for more than 5 days, then the infection has a complex shape.

How does an acute respiratory viral infection occur without a temperature?

Sometimes the symptoms of ARI appear without a rise in body temperature. This kind of disease is dangerous, because the infected continue to go to school or work, actively spreading pathogens ARVI among healthy people. There are several reasons for this method of the disease course:

1. First of all, it should be noted that this is the manifestation of the mild form of the disease (rotavirus infection).
2. In some cases, this indicates an inability of the body to fight the virus (weakened immunity).

Features of acute respiratory viral infections

Viral diseases occur when the epithelium of the respiratory tract is affected. In addition to typical symptoms, the disease can be accompanied by lacrimation, signs of poisoning the body. This is a dangerous problem, especially because of the complications that develop with untimely or incorrect treatment. They include bronchitis, pneumonia, tracheitis. Diagnose ARVI with the help of serological and virological tests. By severity of the flow, a mild, moderate and severe form of the disease is isolated.

Distinguish the following respiratory infections, each of which has its own peculiarities:

• rotavirus;
• flu;
• paragripp;
• rhinovirus;
• adenoviral;
• respiratory syncytial;
• coronavirus.

In adults

The main signs of SARS in children and adults are not very different, but sometimes the sick continue to go to work (in kindergarten, school), counting on the fact that the ailment itself will pass. Do not ignore the infection if there is a temperature of 40, especially if the antipyretic drugs do not have the proper effect. In addition, in adults with the disease, there may be a clouding of the mind, lack of oxygen, swelling, a rash on the body. With timely access to a doctor, the treatment takes about a week and there is the opportunity to avoid repeated infection or serious complications.

Any viral disease can at any time go to a more serious one, for example:

• bronchitis;
• frontitis;
• sinusitis;
• otitis media;
• meningitis;
• sinusitis;
• heart rhythm disorder;
• neuritis.

Children

According to statistics, the children's organism in comparison with the adult is more susceptible to viral diseases (especially from three to twelve years). Often there is an acute respiratory viral infection in children under one year, for example, with artificial feeding, when body protection weakens. Babies should be especially protected from viruses (restrict contacts with strangers, do not visit public places in the midst of an epidemic, temper the child). SARS in a baby is very difficult to treat, so it is better not to allow infection.

Table differences between the symptoms of influenza and SARS in 2016

Comparison of symptoms of influenza and ARVI Symptoms

Increased body temperature	up to 40 degrees	37-38 degrees
Cough, sore throat, runny nose	typically
Fatigue, body aches	typically	rarely, not expressed
Chills	typically	in severe forms

Video about acute respiratory diseases

SARS in winter is the most common type of ailment that is transmitted by airborne droplets from infected people to healthy ones. The incubation period and the course of the course of the disease depends on the individual characteristics of the organism. You will learn more about this disease after viewing the video below.

sovets.net

SARS is... Acute respiratory viral infection: prevention, treatment

Acute respiratory viral infection (ARVI) is a disease that affects the human respiratory system. The main cause of the disease is contact with viruses. The path of transmission of viruses is airborne.

Prevalence of ARVI

Disease of ARVI is widespread everywhere, especially in kindergartens and schools, work collectives. Increased risk of infection have young children, the elderly and people with a weakened immune system.

The source of infection is an infected person. The high susceptibility of people to viruses leads to a rapid spread of the disease, the SARS epidemic is quite a frequent phenomenon all over the world. Untimely treatment of the disease can lead to various complications.

Outbreaks of respiratory-viral infections occur all year round, but the ARVI epidemic is more often observed in autumn and winter, especially in the absence of quality prevention and quarantine measures to identify cases of infection.

Causes of ARVI

The cause of the development of the disease is respiratory viruses, which differ in a short incubation period and rapid spread. The source of the infection is a sick person.

The virus of ARVI is afraid of disinfectants, ultraviolet rays.

The mechanism of development

Getting into the body through the mucosa of the upper respiratory tract or the conjunctiva of the eyes, the viruses, penetrating into the epithelial cells, begin to multiply and destroy them. In places where viruses are introduced, inflammation occurs.

Through damaged blood vessels, getting into the bloodstream, viruses are carried throughout the body. In this case, the body secretes protective substances, the manifestation of which are signs of intoxication. If immunity is weakened, it is possible to attach a bacterial infection.

Symptomatology

All respiratory-viral diseases have similar symptoms. At the beginning of the disease a person has a runny nose, sneezing, pershit in the throat, body aches, the temperature rises, appetite disappears, a liquid stool appears.

Symptoms of SARS in a child can develop rapidly. Quickly increases intoxication, the baby is shivering, vomiting, pronounced hyperthermia. Treatment should be started immediately to avoid possible complications.

Signs of individual viral infections

Determine parainfluenza can be on mucous discharge from the nose, the appearance of a dry "barking" cough, hoarseness of the voice. The temperature does not exceed 38 ° C.

Adenovirus infection is accompanied by conjunctivitis. In addition, the patient may experience rhinitis, laryngitis, tracheitis.

With rhinovirus infection, the symptoms of intoxication are pronounced, the temperature may not rise. The disease is accompanied by abundant mucous discharge from the nose.

For respiratory syncytial viral infection, not pronounced catarrhal symptoms or bronchitis, strong intoxication are characteristic. Body temperature remains normal.

What is the difference between the flu and ARVI?

ARVI begins gradually, the development of the flu is rapid, a person can even indicate the time when he felt ill.

In acute respiratory viral infections, body temperature rises slightly, no higher than 38.5 C⁰. The flu is characterized by a sharp increase in temperature to 39-40 C⁰. The temperature in this case is maintained for three to four days.

In acute respiratory infections, the symptoms of intoxication are virtually nonexistent, the person does not shiver and does not throw into sweat, there is no strong headache, pain in the eyes, photophobia, dizziness, body aches, working capacity remains.

With flu, a strong runny nose and nasal congestion are absent, this is the main symptom of ARVI. The disease is accompanied by reddening of the throat, with a flu such a symptom is not always observed.

In ARVI cough, discomfort in the chest occur at the very beginning of the disease, may be mild or moderately pronounced. The flu is characterized by a painful cough and chest pain that appear on the second day of the disease.

Sneezing is typical for the common cold, there is no such symptom in the flu, but there is redness in the eyes.

After a flu, a person can feel a weakness, a headache, and fast fatigue for another two to three weeks, after such an infection, such symptoms are not preserved.

Knowledge of how the flu differs from ARVI will help a person to assess their condition and take the necessary measures in time to help quickly get rid of the disease and avoid complications.

What are the symptoms of ARVI should alert

Immediately, you need to see a doctor when the temperature rises to 40 ° C or more, which does not get knocked out by febrifuge preparations, in case of mental disturbances, intense headache pain and inability to bend the neck, the appearance of rashes on the body, shortness of breath, cough with colored sputum (especially with a trace of blood), prolonged fever, swelling.

An appeal to a doctor is also necessary if the symptoms of acute respiratory infections do not disappear after 7-10 days. Symptoms of acute respiratory infections in the child require special attention. If any suspicious symptoms occur, you should immediately seek medical help.

Diagnostics

The diagnosis is made by the attending physician after examining the nasopharynx and examining the symptoms. In some cases, complications may require additional research, for example, chest X-ray. This helps to eliminate pneumonia.

Complications

A frequent complication of acute respiratory viral infection is the attachment of a bacterial infection, which provokes the development of inflammatory processes: bronchitis, otitis, sinusitis, pneumonia. The disease can be complicated by the attachment of a urinary tract infection, pancreatitis, cholangitis.

If the disease occurs with pronounced intoxication, the result may be the development of convulsive or meningeal syndromes, myocarditis. Possible neurological problems, such as meningitis, neuritis, meningoencephalitis. After the transfer of acute respiratory viral infections, complications can manifest themselves exacerbation of chronic diseases.

In children, a frequent complication is a false cereal.

To minimize the risk of complications, treatment should begin on time, performing all the doctor's prescriptions.

How to treat

The treatment mostly takes place at home. The patient should adhere to the semi-post regimen, follow the milk-vegetable vitamin-enriched diet, use a lot of fluids to dilute sputum, stimulate sweating, reduce toxins.

But in a furious modern pace, few people follow this rule, preferring to tolerate a cold "on their feet," and relieve unpleasant symptoms with symptomatic means. The danger of this approach to treatment is that often symptomatic preparations for cold contain phenylephrine - a substance that increases blood pressure and causes the heart to work for wear. In order to avoid complications of colds, you need to choose medicines without components of this kind. For example, "Antigrippin" (better from "Natur-product") is a preparation for cold without phenylephrine, which eliminates unpleasant symptoms of ARVI, without provoking an increase in pressure and without harm to the heart muscle.

In the treatment of antiviral drugs, drugs to increase immunity, antipyretic, antihistamines, drugs that help to sputum, vitamins. Locally used vasoconstrictor, which prevents the reproduction of the virus on the mucosa of the nasopharynx. Such treatment is important to carry out at the initial stage of the disease.

Preparations for ARVI treatment

In the fight against the causative agent of the disease, antiviral drugs are effective: Remantadine, Amizon, Arbidol, Amiksin.

Use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs is necessary to reduce body temperature and reduce pain. Such medicines include "Paracetamol", "Ibuprofen", "Panadol". It must be remembered that the temperature below 38 ° C does not get off, because at this temperature the body activates its protective forces.

Antihistamines are needed to reduce signs of inflammation: congestion of the nose, edema of the mucous. It is recommended to take "Loratidin", "Fenistila", "Zirteka". Unlike first-generation drugs, they do not cause drowsiness.

Nasal drops are necessary to reduce swelling, eliminate nasal congestion. It is worth remembering that it is not possible to use such drops for a long time, since this can provoke the development of chronic rhinitis. Drops are used no more than 7 days, 2-3 times a day. For long-term treatment it is possible to use preparations based on essential oils.

Remedies for sore throat. It is best in this case to help rinse the throat with the use of disinfectant solutions. For these purposes, you can use sage, chamomile. Rinse often, every two hours. Effective use of disinfectant sprays - "Geksorala", "Bioparox", etc.

Cough medicines are needed to dilute sputum. This is helped by the use of "ATSTS", "Mukaltina", "Bronholitina", etc. It is important at the same time to drink a lot of fluid, which also contributes to the dilution of phlegm. The remedies that suppress coughing can not be used without prescribing a doctor.

Antibiotics are not used in the treatment of acute respiratory viral infections, it is necessary only when the bacterial infection is attached.

In addition to medicines, the effective use of physiotherapy, inhalation, massage techniques, foot baths.

Folk remedies

Folk remedies are very effective in treating ARVI. This can be a supplement to the basic treatment and helps to cope faster with the disease. You can use the following recipes.

Not bad helps infusion of fruits of viburnum and linden flowers, which must be crushed and mixed. Two tablespoons of the collection should be poured in 500 ml of boiling water, insist for an hour. The obtained infusion is consumed before going to sleep.

The onion and garlic can be cope well with the disease, which you can simply eat. Both in prophylaxis and in treatment it is useful such a remedy: several cloves of garlic and half a teaspoon of juice are consumed after a meal. You can arrange in the room cut onions and garlic and inhale their vapors.

Very effective remedy for honey and lemon juice. To make it, bee honey (100 g) is mixed with the juice of one lemon and diluted with boiled water (800 ml). The product must be drunk throughout the day.

Prevention

What is the prevention of ARVI in adults and children? To strengthen the defenses of the body you need to temper, lead an active lifestyle, walk in the fresh air, do not neglect rest, avoid stress, and also observe hygiene (wash hands, vegetables, regularly do wet cleaning indoors).

Prevention of Orvi in ​​adults requires adherence to the correct diet. The menu should be dominated by natural products. To maintain the intestinal microflora and strengthen the immune system, dairy products are useful. In addition, the diet should be present fiber.

For prophylaxis, you can take antiviral drugs or get vaccinated. Although it is impossible to completely protect yourself with vaccination, as the viruses constantly mutate. Vaccination is recommended for children who attend kindergartens and schools, employees of medical institutions.

In the period of epidemics, it is recommended to limit visits to public places, to strengthen the immunity to take natural remedies or antiviral drugs at the recommended dosage.

If preventive measures have not helped you avoid infection, take care of your recovery, as well as the people around you. Since ARVI is contagious, do not forget to cover your mouth and nose, coughing and sneezing, airing the room, if necessary, wear a gauze bandage. If you follow these measures, the disease will quickly leave your home.

fb.ru

How to distinguish ARVI from influenza? Signs of flu and ARVI

For many, the off-season is the most dangerous time of the year. It is during this period that most people are attacked by viruses. As a consequence - SARS and influenza, which are knocked out of the usual pace of life and cause significant discomfort. To start effective treatment of ailment, it is necessary to correctly determine its etiology. Therefore, it is so important to know how to distinguish ARVI from influenza by clinical manifestations.

What is ARVI?

If the doctor diagnosed ARVI, you should know that this ailment is a generalizing concept for all respiratory diseases that have a viral etiology. These diseases include influenza.

For diseases of this group is characterized by the rapid emergence of symptoms, such as respiratory symptoms, lacrimation, general weakness, sweating and fever. The virus infection is transmitted by airborne droplets, while it spreads rapidly and affects 75-80% of people who have been in contact with the patient. Such a sad statistics is explained by the fact that the human body is not able to develop immunity to viruses, since the latter are constantly mutating and mutating.

What do you need to know about the flu?

Many people do not consider this affliction serious and make a huge mistake, exposing their bodies to danger. After all, the flu is one of the most insidious respiratory viral diseases. It annually spreads across our planet in the form of global pandemics and epidemics, which take from 300 to 500 thousand lives. Therefore, it is so important to know how to distinguish ARVI from influenza in the initial stages of pathology development in order to start effective therapy.

To date, scientists have identified more than , 00 subspecies of the virus. The most dangerous of them are Spanish (A / H1N1), pork (H1N1) and avian influenza. Like all SARS, the disease is transmitted by airborne droplets and is characterized by high "infectiousness". The last fact is explained by the fact that the incubation period of influenza and ARVI lasts from two to four days, and during this time the patient has time to infect many other people.

The disease begins with acute manifestations of intoxication, such as headaches, vomiting, chills, dizziness, and sometimes disturbed sleep and even hallucinations. Treatment should include bed rest, symptomatic therapy and antiviral medication. It is also worth noting that the patient is necessarily isolated from healthy family members at the time of treatment.

Diagnosis of ailments

To determine an acute respiratory viral infection, it is enough for the therapist to examine the patient, but To determine the etiology of the disease in this way will not work, as the symptoms of influenza and SARS are very similar. For an accurate diagnosis of the disease, the doctor must send the patient to the laboratory for the delivery of a number of tests. This is the only way to detect the presence of a virus in a person's blood.

In the laboratory, to determine the disease, the most commonly used crops are infected blood in specific nutrient media. To do this, a series of studies based on serological reactions, with the help of which the concentration of antibodies in the patient's blood to the virus is determined.

But if we take into account the fact that laboratory analyzes are rather complicated and expensive, not all of them are passed. And pediatricians categorically diagnose influenza only on the basis of information received about the onset of the epidemic. In exceptional cases, only the first patients go through the study, and all others until the end of the epidemic situation the ailment is put "automatic". It is for this reason that treatment of the disease is not always effective and can lead to a mass of undesirable consequences. Therefore, those people who care about their health, it is necessary to know how to distinguish ARVI from the flu on their own.

The initial stage of the disease

Despite the fact that the two diseases are very similar in symptomatology, there are a number of differences in which a person can independently determine what exactly he is sick. So, the first thing you need to pay attention to is the speed of the disease. As a rule, the initial stage of acute respiratory distress is prolonged for 1-2 days, while the symptomatology manifests itself sluggishly, but the person feels a significant discomfort (lethargy, stuffy nose, sore throat, sometimes a fever) and partially loses ability to work. A memo on ARVI and influenza, which, as a rule, always, and especially in the period of epidemics, is present on one from the sanitary bulletins in the polyclinic, contains a lot of useful information about the development of the disease and its prevention.

With regard to the flu, it is still healthy in the morning, after lunch, the person completely loses strength and feels bad because of the high temperature. This disease is characterized by a rapid acute onset.

The nature of the development of pathology, like other signs of influenza and SARS, allows the patient to determine independently which of these ailments is being attacked by the body.

Body temperature

As already mentioned, in many respects the symptoms of these diseases are similar, and one of the signs is an increase in body temperature. But here there is one nuance. So, the flu is characterized by a rapid (for 1-2 hours) temperature jump to 39-40 oC. Almost all the antipyretic agents are not very effective. And even if the temperature was lowered, it will begin to rise again within 1-2 hours. In such cases, the sick doctors prescribe not only cures for influenza and ARVI, but also several antipyretic drugs that need to be alternated and taken every 2.5-3 hours.

As for SARS, then, as a rule, the temperature does not exceed 37.8-38.5 ° C. It is easily reduced after taking such drugs as Paracetamol or Ibufen. If the patient's condition is stable, there is no deterioration, then you can do without antipyretic drugs to enable the immune system to cope with the disease on its own. But if the child is sick, self-medication is not worth it. After all, the organism of a crumb can not cope with the disease, which will have a detrimental effect on its health. Therefore, when the first symptoms appear, you need to go to an appointment with a pediatrician who will assess the condition of a small patient and prescribe a treatment.

General condition of the patient

It's no secret that flu, colds, and ARVI are diseases that cause a decline in performance and cause significant discomfort. But even on these grounds, you can independently understand which ailment has broken daily plans.

So, with the flu, patients complain of severe muscle and headaches (especially in the area of ​​the temples), as well as body aches, chills and increased sweating. In addition, in some cases, there is pain in the movement of the eyes and photosensitivity.

If we talk about the general condition of a patient with acute respiratory viral infection, weakness and weakness are present throughout the illness. But the pain in the head and muscles is very weak.

Nasal congestion and runny nose

Influenza viruses and ARVI are provocateurs of inflammatory processes in the respiratory system. In this case, the patient begins coughing, the body temperature rises, and a stuffy nose and a runny nose appear. However, with the flu, inflammation and swelling of the mucous nasal cavity occurs much less often than with ARVI. And after 2-3 days the rhinitis completely passes.

In acute respiratory viral infection, the nose lays already in the first two days, then, in addition to the swelling of the mucous nasopharynx, there is a strong cold and sneezing. This increases tear.

Throat condition

For those who do not know how to distinguish ARVI from influenza, doctors recommend paying attention to the condition of the mucous membranes of the throat and pharynx. Infirmity caused by the influenza virus, characterized by severe swelling, as well as reddening of the soft palate and back of the throat. In the patient, the SARS is swollen and red, while it has a loose structure.

By the way, if such signs of influenza and ARVI, as a swelling and hyperemia of the throat, are common, then the plaque on the mucous membranes is typical only for the latter.

Cough

Before you determine which ailment the body was struck with, it is worth remembering when the cough appeared. If this symptom began to bother at the very beginning of the development of the disease, and only then the rhinitis joined and the temperature rises, it is ARVI.

If the disease started with fever, body aches and headaches, and only on 2-3 days a dry cough appeared, any doctor diagnoses the flu. Confirm the diagnosis can accompany cough pain in the trachea and chest. If you do not start taking medications for flu and ARVI (such as Cycloferon, Viferon, Immunoflazid, Arbidol, Anaferon, Ingavirin, Rimantadine, Tamiflu, etc.), the patient's condition can deteriorate significantly, because the virus will continue to exert its pathogenic effect on the respiratory system and the body as a whole.

Gastrointestinal reaction

In some cases, the reaction of the body to the influenza virus may be a disruption of the gastrointestinal tract. Diarrhea and vomiting in the patient appears already on day 2-3 after infection and lasts 24-48 hours. Without symptomatic therapy, the manifestation of this symptom can last for several more days and lead to dehydration of the body.

Despite the fact that many symptoms of influenza and SARS are very similar, you can independently diagnose the disease yourself. It is enough to carefully analyze the order and nature of the main clinical manifestations.

Duration of illnesses

At observance of all recommendations of the doctor the status of the patient ARVI improves already on the third day, full recovery comes on 6-7 days. After a man has suffered ail quickly restores strength and efficiency.

Despite the fact that the incubation period of influenza and ARVI is the same, the active phase of the latter is much more complicated and longer. Only a fever in the patient can last up to 5-6 days, and the ailment begins to recede only for 10-12 days. However, this is not all "surprises" from the flu. After all, even after full recovery within 2-3 weeks a person experiences weakness, malaise and headaches.

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Methods of treatment of ARVI

Acute respiratory viral infection, or cold, is well known to many. What treatment for ARVI will be most effective? This question is especially relevant in the autumn period. The disease is transmitted by airborne droplets, so it can easily be picked up in places of large concentrations of people. But do not forget about the hypothermia of the body, which can provoke ARD.

Harmless, at first glance, the disease can cause serious complications, so treatment of acute respiratory disease should be taken seriously, do not let things go by themselves. At the first signs of the disease it is worthwhile to see a doctor for the appointment of an adequate treatment for ARVI. The timely use of medications contributes to the rapid disposal of the disease and prevents the occurrence of complications.

How to start treatment for ARVI?

If you have symptoms of acute respiratory viral infection or influenza, you should visit a doctor.If in adults the disease can not cause fear, then the treatment of children should be taken very seriously. Self-medication is dangerous, so a specialist's consultation is necessary. At the first signs of acute respiratory viral infection, treatment should be aimed at strengthening the body and assisting it in fighting viruses. To do this you need:

1. Observe the bed rest. Even if the disease is easily tolerated, do not constantly move and do hard work. Diseases transferred "on their feet" can respond with complications such as diseases of the cardiovascular or nervous system, bronchitis, pneumonia, kidney disease, etc. The weakened organism will quickly cope with the disease if it is in a state of rest. It's good if there are no loud annoying sounds and bright light next to it. It is ideal for the patient to be in a quiet room with daylight access.
2. Getting rid of the body from intoxication. It is necessary to take antiviral drugs. What exactly is the drug worth taking, the therapist will tell. It is better to avoid self-medication. Antiviral drugs are taken depending on the nature of the disease. With their help, you can significantly ease the overall well-being of the patient. Simultaneously with antiviral drugs, funds are prescribed that can support weakened immunity. Such drugs can be taken and in the absence of disease for preventive purposes. During the epidemic, such funds will help to avoid respiratory infections.
3. Elimination of the symptoms of the disease. In addition to antiviral drugs, a complex treatment is prescribed, which includes medicines for the common cold, cough, sore throat and fever. Depending on the severity of the disease, physiotherapeutic procedures may be prescribed: UHF, electrophoresis, quartz. With a dry or moist cough, the prescribed drugs are different. You can not take antitussive drugs with a dry cough, first you need a dilution of sputum and its successful excretion from the body. The rhinitis also happens various. Treatment of rhinitis with a lot of watery discharge is different from the therapy of the common cold, which lays the nose and makes breathing difficult.

Than to treat an ORVI?

Disease in mild forms is treated at home, as already mentioned, it is desirable to conduct it under the supervision of a doctor. Traditional medicine includes a complex of medicines that can resist viruses and relieve the symptoms of the disease. In addition, vitamin-mineral complexes and immunomodulators are used. Currently, there are many antiviral drugs. These include viferon, interferon, arbidol, remantadine, and this is not the entire list of drugs, but they are the most popular.

Drinking regime. When the body is weakened by ARVI, it needs to receive a sufficient amount of fluid. Especially if there is an increase in temperature. As a drink, you can use water, tea, herbal decoctions, rose hips, dried fruits and dried berries. Vitamin C helps cope with colds, perfectly strengthens the body, so drinking and foods containing this vitamin in large quantities are necessary during the cold.

Curing colds is necessary with the help of antiviral drugs, taking antibiotics is not advisable, because these funds in this case are ineffective.

Ventilation and wet cleaning. Viruses do not tolerate a low temperature. In order to quickly get rid of the disease and avoid infection of other members of the family, it is necessary to observe the ventilation mode of the room. This should be done 2-3 times a day in the absence of a patient. Wet cleaning, as well as quartz room are necessary measures in the manifestation of ARVI.

Observing these general rules, it will be possible to quickly cure ARVI and prevent the spread of the disease. Treatment of children and adults is different. In no case should you use drugs prescribed for adults to treat children. This can cause undesirable consequences. In addition, some thermal procedures can be too aggressive in relation to the child's body. The inhalation method for children suggests a more gentle procedure than for adults.

Banks are an old, popular enough method, helping to improve the flow of blood to the chest, to warm up the body. The procedure is as follows. On greased with greasy cream or petroleum jelly, warmed from inside the cans are put so that they suck in to the skin. Cover with a woolen scarf or handkerchief and blanket for 10-15 minutes. Do not overdo the cans, as bruises may appear.

In addition to the main drug treatment is very effective folk remedies. Traditional medicine helps to quickly cure ARVI and strengthen the body. Cure colds can be using a set of tools and procedures, in which case the disease will recede on the third day, and a week later, there will be no trace of it.

Thermal procedures

Thermal procedures are very effective for colds. It should be remembered that these can be carried out only at normal body temperature. The purpose of such procedures is to make the body sweat, which helps to get rid of viruses quickly.

Hot baths for the feet help improve blood circulation, affect the nerve endings located on the feet, warm up the body. To carry out this procedure, you should pour the temperature of the pelvis into the pelvis, which the feet are capable of sustaining. Gradually pouring hot water, soak feet for 15 minutes. After that, it is recommended to put on socks, warmly wrapped in a blanket and go to bed. To enhance the heating effect, you can add mustard powder to the water, in addition, after the procedure it can be poured into the socks, so the body warming will continue during the night. Do not soar your feet during the day, especially if you are going out on the street: a steamed organism, weakened by the disease, is very vulnerable.

Compress of mustard plasters - the most common way to warm up the chest, is especially effective in dry cough. Due to such a compress, the sputum rapidly liquefies and exits the upper respiratory tract. For this procedure, you need to paste on the area of ​​the sternum and back water-soaked mustard. Cover with a towel and a blanket, warm up for 10-15 minutes. If severe burning occurs, remove mustard plasters to prevent burns. In the people there is a way of such a compress with the use of vegetable oil. If mustard plasters moisten not with water, but with oil, then you can keep them on your body all night, there will be no burn, and the warming effect will continue. In addition to mustard plasters, you can use a pepper patch, which is glued to the chest.

Spirituous compress. Alcohol or vodka is suitable for this procedure. For children, an alcohol compress should not be done. a pair of alcohol, getting on a mucous membrane of the child, can cause alcoholic intoxication. To warm up, grind the thorax and back with dilute alcohol or vodka, you can use triple cologne. Covering the mulled place with a soft warm cloth, it is good to wrap yourself up. This compress is done all night. In the morning it is removed.

Massage and grinding

For grindings, badger, bear, goat or mutton fats are well suited. The fat, softened in the hand, is rubbed into the skin in the region of the chest and back, the feet and calf muscles are massaged. This method is widely used, it can also be used at elevated temperature, since fat gently warms. People with allergic reactions should use it with caution. Fat clogs the pores, so daily rubbing them is not recommended. Since in ARVI bathing is undesirable, the next morning after fatty grinding it is better to rub the sternum with a warm wet towel.

Inhalation

The use of inhalations contributes to the moisturizing of the cough, to the relief of breathing.

Some inhalations contribute to the warming of the upper respiratory tract.

1. Potato steam. The most widely known method of inhalation. It is necessary to boil potatoes, drain the water, sit comfortably over the pan and inhale the steam for 5-10 minutes, if during this time the steam decreases, you can potato chips, thus strengthening the steam. This procedure is quite aggressive, young children should not be too close to the steam, you can get a burn of the mucous throat. In this case it is better to keep the baby in the hands near the pan.
2. Soda inhalation. By the type of potato, only in this case boiling water is used with soda in it. After boiling water in a saucepan or kettle, pour a pinch of soda and inhale the steam for 5-10 minutes.
3. Inhalations with essential oils. You can use chemist's oils, such as fir, cedar, eucalyptus, and others. These remedies well soothe the irritated throat, soften the cough and get rid of phlegm. Oils should be used with caution, since some of them are capable of causing allergic reactions.

Means for ingestion

1. Warm milk with honey improves overall health, softens cough, speeds up excretion of phlegm.
2. Citrus, onion, garlic, dog rose - foods rich in vitamin C. In the period of massive colds and in case of illness promote rapid recovery.
3. Decoctions of medicinal herbs - chamomile, sage, thyme, St. John's wort, mother-and-stepmother - have a pleasant taste and aroma, soothe and strengthen the body. In a complex with medicamental therapy have a good health effect. Herbs can be used individually or use collections.

All these methods will help to quickly recover, and using some of them as a preventive measure, you will be able to avoid the disease altogether.

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