All of us parents are not immune from this situation, when our child has risen and keeps a high body temperature of 38 -39 degrees, sometimes even without symptoms.
Consider the recommendations of a pediatrician of the highest category - Larisa Anikeeva, what you need to do in these cases, how and how you can bring down the temperature in a child to normal figures at home without complications and harmful consequences for the baby's health.
CONTENTS
Elevated and high body temperature: causes of
The most frequent symptom of any infectious disease is feverbody. And the fact that young children are mainly susceptible to infectious diseases, there is no one to convince. The palm of the championship is divided between respiratory( ARVI) and intestinal infections, a significant contribution is made by "children's" infectious diseases and diseases of LOP-organs( sore throats, otitis, sinusitis, etc.).
The increase in body temperature in a sick child up to high figures indicates a well-coordinated work of all links of its immune system, which actively struggles with the causative agent of the disease.
Do not rush to bring down the temperature
By all means, knocking down the temperature, you are doing a disservice to the body, turning it from an active participant in the struggle into an indifferent third-party observer. At a high temperature, antibodies and interferon are actively produced - fighters of the anterior margin, directly entering into a fight with an infectious beginning. In addition, the harmful effects of high temperatures are experienced by any pathogens.
Recall how treated syphilis in the "dopenitsillinovuyu" era. The patient was artificially elevated body temperature by injecting pyrogenic preparations, and the pale spirochetes died en masse in an inappropriate "tropical climate".Since then, nothing has changed in the way of life of viruses, bacteria and fungi: they still prefer to live and multiply at a temperature of 36-37 ° C, and you give them comfortable conditions for reducing their temperature.
Most children easily tolerate a rise in temperature, and even with thermometer readings above 38 and 39 ° C they are not easy to put in bed.
Another child already at 37.5 ° C "gets unstuck" and almost faints. This is how children with pathology of the nervous system behave( perinatal encephalopathy, intracranial hypertension, convulsive syndrome, organic lesions of the central nervous system).Therefore, universal advice, dictating the order of action at high temperature, can not be. Each child is individual and requires a specific approach. Treatment is appointed by the doctor, and your task is to hold out until he comes and carefully perform medical appointments.
In the body of any person there are always two opposite processes: heat production and heat transfer.
In a healthy body, they balance each other and provide it with a constant temperature of 36-37 ° C.When the disease center of heat production is activated, and the body produces more heat than gives the environment. Here to you and the reason of increase in body temperature.
Hence the need for basic action in providing first aid to a febrile child.
How and how can you bring down the heat 39 - 40 in a child
Increase heat dissipation
To do this, first remove the baby from disposable diapers, which, covering almost a third of the body, interfere with heat transfer and act as a warming compress. This is easy to see with your own eyes: the skin under the diaper is red, moist, with irritation in the inguinal and gluteal folds. Once you have removed the disposable diaper and dried the wrinkles, do not be too lazy to measure the temperature, and you will be pleasantly surprised: it will decrease by at least 1 degree.
Do not wrap a child, do not load it with cotton duvets or feather duvets. Remove from it tight pantyhose, turtlenecks and sweaters with high tight arms.
Wipe with a damp cloth moistened with 1-2% vinegar or vodka. Put on a light pajamas, nightgown or a soccer jersey with panties. All clothing should be made of cotton fabrics that are able to actively absorb sweat, because the next important action is to make the baby sweat.
Strengthen perspiration
It closely adjoins the previous one, because the evaporation of sweat from the surface of the skin willy-nilly contributes to an increase in heat transfer. In order for a child to sweat actively, it is necessary to give him plenty of water. Do not forget that sweat is not just water, but a liquid containing mineral salts. That is, sweating, the child loses and vitally important to the body mineral substances. So think about what you will do to fill the deficit of salts. It would be ideal from time to time to give the baby any glucose-saline solution( rehydron, oralite, glucosolan, etc.), but not every capricious person agrees to drink tasteless water during the illness. So combine the pleasant with the useful and prepare a decoction of raisins, dried apricots, dried fruit compote - these drinks have a lot of potassium and fructose, add a little salt( sodium and chlorine) and a little bit of baking soda( sodium bicarbonate).Get a delicious and healing drink, let the kid drink with pleasure.
Tired of compote? Please, there is mineral water, juice, herbal teas, broth of wild rose, tea with honey, lemon, raspberries( if there is no allergy to these products).
If the child drinks willingly, do not limit it, "the water will find a hole," as the people say.
It's bad when a stubborn person refuses to drink at high temperature. Lack of fluid leads to a thickening of the blood, which affects all organs, and primarily the urinary system. If you notice that a fevering baby has not been urinating all day or has given off an insignificant amount of concentrated, darker than usual urine, then the kidneys are really thirsty and they need to be provided with liquid. In any ways, get the child to drink, given his wishes in choosing beverages.
Ventilate the child's room
Provide frequent airing of the room, where the sick child is in the , and maintain a cool temperature in it - ideally not above 18 ° С.Inhaling cool fresh air also ensures a decrease in temperature, as the body spends heat on its warming. Many mothers are afraid to panic open the window or balcony in the nursery: "It will get even more sick".Put a cap or headscarf on your head, cover it with a warm blanket and let the baby breathe fresh frosty air. In extreme cases, transfer the patient to another room for the time of ventilation. I assure you that it is impossible to "get sick even more" from pure air, but it's hard not only to breathe sick, but also to the surrounding households, to breathe stale, pathogenic pathogens.
Beat the temperature in excess of 39 degrees
The fight against high temperatures justifies itself only when it "oversells" at 39 ° C, causes disruption and behavior, the child has a tendency to convulsive seizures or a history of neurological illness.
If the fever is accompanied by vomiting, do not force the child to take medication through the mouth - they will immediately come back. In such cases, candles are used, the medication is administered with an enema, and in case of emergency, injections.
Medical products and medicines to reduce the temperature
The intake of antipyretic drugs must be agreed with the doctor and do not allow amateur performance. Uncontrolled use and systematic excess of even the most "harmless" dose can cause toxic or allergic effect.
Kalpol, Tylenol, Panadol, efferalgan, cefecon - all these medicines are prepared on the basis of paracetamol, in fact it is the same medicine. You need to know this in order to prevent overdose. Exceeding the dose has a toxic effect on the liver and kidneys. Children with diseases of these organs paracetamol is contraindicated.
The doses of the most commonly used antipyretic and antihistamines are presented in the table.
Aspirin( acetylsalicylic acid), which is loved by many generations, is used only in children over 12 years of age because of the possible development of severe complications.
For expansion of peripheral vessels with the purpose of increase in heat transfer it is possible to accept vasodilating preparations - no-shpu, papaverine in a single dose of 1.5 mg / kg or dibazolum in a single dose of 0.1 mg / kg. You can take 3 times a day.
The same effect has nicotinic acid in a single dose of 1 mg / kg. A few minutes after the reception of nicotinic acid, there is an expansion of the peripheral vessels, which is accompanied by reddening of the entire skin of the child. This is perceived by most mothers as a manifestation of an allergic reaction and is accompanied by a refusal to continue taking the medication. It should be repeated that this is not an allergy, but a manifestation of the main vasodilating action of the drug, and it should not be frightened. Moreover, this reaction is short-lived and passes without consequences.
Once again, it should be emphasized the need to give plenty of water to a febrile patient, as during this period water losses increase with sweat and rapid breathing. As a result, the excretion of fluid through the kidneys decreases, the urine becomes concentrated, and the kidney canals can be clogged with salts, protein, cylinders, which breaks the kidney function and can lead to complications.
Do not forget about the "omnipresent and omnipotent" vitamin C. He has an important role in enhancing the defenses of the body. During the illness, his dose should exceed the preventive dose several times and make at least 300 mg per day. Add ascorbic acid to the juice, compote, juice, tea, jelly. It improves the taste of the drink and helps the body to defeat the enemy.
For the treatment of viral infections, antibiotics and sulfonamide drugs are not used, since the virus does not fear them. Therefore, do not rush from the first day to stuff the patient with ampicillin, erythromycin, beloved levomitsetinom and other antibiotics.
The child has a high fever: what to do?
Ahead - autumn and winter, and the peak for the incidence of influenza falls on these seasons. Influenza is usually accompanied by an increase in temperature, and high temperature as a consequence carries a danger. Many parents in their love for their children tend to do without drugs in the treatment of children, arguing that the extra "chemistry" does not bring anything good to the child. Doctors often tell us that resorting to reducing temperature with medications should be in critical situations. A critical situation is when the body temperature in a child up to a year reaches 38C, and in the older age to 38.5C, in adolescents up to 39.5C.In all other cases, the reduction in temperature can be achieved with the help of folk remedies. How to lower the temperature without medication?
Why does my body temperature rise in the evening? In order to understand the causes of fever in the evenings, you need to know physiology. After 10 pm our immunity begins to work actively. And this stimulates the work of our internal defenses against infection. The temperature rises when the immune system has detected hidden infections, especially if the temperature rise is causeless, at first glance, and the reasons for the increase in temperature are incomprehensible. In fact, there is a struggle between viruses and T-lymphocytes in one of our fields. How can I bring down the temperature?
Several without medicinal folk methods for lowering body temperature.
1st method: Shock dose of vitamin C. Squeeze the juice of lemon, orange and grapefruit, dilute with warm water and drink.
2nd method: mix vodka and vinegar in equal proportions and rub the body with a cotton swab, avoiding the area of the lymph nodes and nipples.
3-rd way: we make a brew - take 100 grams of parsley, dill and basil per liter of water, boil, we insist 20 minutes. Drink gradually for an hour warm.
These folk methods are very effective means for lowering body temperature. Author: Natalia Emelyanova, Voronezh.
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Source of the
- Video on the topic.
- «Pediatrics: A complete reference book for parents / L.Sh. Anikeeva ": Moscow: Publishing house" Exmo ".
