Abaktal

Abaktal affects the gene apparatus of microbes by suppressing replication of DNA molecules (blocking of DNA gyrase).This leads to the fact that the causative agent of the infectious disease is dying. The pronounced bactericidal effect of the drug is due to the presence in its chemical formula of the fluorine atom.

An important aspect of the action of an antibiotic is that it is capable of causing the death of not only those bacteria that are at rest but also those that are actively multiplying.

Clinical and pharmacological group

Antibacterial drug of the group of fluoroquinolones.

Conditions of leave from pharmacies

The drug is released by prescription.

Price list

How much are ABActal tablets? The average price in pharmacies is at the level of250 rubles.

Form of issue and composition

The drug is released in the form of coated tablets for oral administration and fluid for infusion.

Tablets from white to yellowish color biconvex oval form, containing 558.5 mg pefloxacin mesylate dihydrate corresponding to 400 mg pefloxacin.

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In addition, each tablet as auxiliary substances contains:

Lactose monohydrate - 79.5 mg;
Corn starch - 32 mg;
Povidone 32 mg;
Carboxymethyl starch sodium - 32 mg;
Talcum - 27 mg;
Silica dioxide colloidal anhydrous - 2 mg;
Magnesium stearate - 7 mg.

The shell contains:

Hypromellose - 13.166 mg;
Titanium dioxide - 2.09 mg;
Talcum - 854 mcg;
Macrogol 400 - 1.79 mg;
Carnauba wax is 100 μg.

Packed tablets Abaktal 10 pieces in blisters, which are packaged in individual cardboard packs.

Concentrate intended for the manufacture of a solution for intravenous administration, from yellow to light yellow, transparent. In one ampoule - 400 mg pefloxacin, in 1 ml - 80 mg.

As auxiliary substances, the solution contains:

Ascorbic acid;
Disodium edetate;
Sodium bicarbonate;
Sodium metabisulfite;
Benzyl alcohol;
The water is distilled.

Packing 10 ampoules, 5 ml, in plastic pallets, one tray in a cardboard bundle.

pharmachologic effect

The drug Abaktal is a synthetic antimicrobial agent that belongs to the group of fluoroquinolones. It has a bactericidal property, has a broad spectrum of antibacterial action. Pefloxacin suppresses DNA replication, affects RNA and the process of translation of bacterial cells.

Gram-negative bacteria are sensitized to the drug, both in the rest phase and in the fission regime. Gram-positive bacteria are sensitive only in the fission phase. Pefloxacin acts on aerobic microorganisms. It is active against bacteria that are resistant to the action of other antimicrobial agents. To the active substance of the drug are sensitive types of microorganisms: Enterobacterspp., Escherichiacoli, Haemophilusinfluenzae, Citrobacterspp., Haemophilusducreyi, Klebsiellaspp., Neisseriameningitidis, Neisseriagonorrhoeae, Proteusmirabilis, Salmonellaspp., Indolepositiveproteus, ShigellasppStaphylococcuspus., Serratiaspp.. Moderately sensitive: Pneumococcusspp., Streptococcusp., Pseudomonasspp., Clostridiumperfringns, Acinetobacterspp., Chlamydiatrachomatis, Mycoplasma. Pefloxacin is also resistant to gram-negative anaerobes, pale treponema, mycobacterium tuberculosis.

The drug Abaktal is effective against infections of various locations, especially the genitourinary system.

What helps Abaktal?

Indications for use:

sinusitis, mastoiditis;
orchitis, prostatitis, orcoepididymitis;
osteomyelitis, soft tissue infections;
bacterial endocarditis;
gonorrhea, chlamydia;
bacterial meningitis, post-traumatic and postoperative meningitis;
escherichiosis, salmonellosis, shigellosis, typhoid fever, iersiniosis, cholera, paratyphoid;
chronic bronchitis in the stage of exacerbation, pneumonia (community-acquired and hospital), bronchiectasis;
cholecystitis, cholangitis, peritonitis, infectious complications of pancreatitis;
exacerbation of chronic pyelonephritis and urinary tract infection;
pelvioperitonitis, tubo-ovarian abscess, salpingo-oophoritis, endometritis.

Indications for use also indicate that Abaktal is effective in preventing any infections in patients with immunodeficiency.

Contraindications

Contraindications to the use of the drug are the following conditions:

pregnancy;
lactation (breastfeeding);
age to 18 years;
hypersensitivity to quinolones.

With caution appoint a drug for violations of the central nervous system (including the epileptic syndrome of an unknown etiology), combined renal-hepatic failure, with severe hepatic insufficiency.

Pregnancy

Abaktal is contraindicated in pregnancy.

If you need to use the drug during lactation, you should decide whether to stop breastfeeding.

Instructions for use Abaktal

The instructions for use indicate that the average dose of Abaktal for oral administration is 800 mg / day. The drug is prescribed for 400 mg (1 tab.) 2 times / day, every 12 hours. The maximum daily dose is 1.2 g. Tablets should be taken with meals to avoid abnormalities on the part of the gastrointestinal tract.

In the treatment of certain infections of the genitourinary system, Abaktal may be administered at a dose of 400 mg (1 tab.) 1 time / day in the morning or evening.
For treatment of uncomplicated gonorrhea in men and women appoint the drug once in a dose of 800 mg.
With severe hepatic insufficiency, it is recommended to prescribe the drug at a dose of 400 mg / day (every 24-48 hours).

In / in the drug is prescribed as an infusion at a dose of 400 mg every 12 hours; duration of infusion - 1 h. First, the contents of one ampoule (400 mg) are diluted with 250 ml of a 5% solution of dextrose (glucose). Abaktal can not be diluted with a solution of sodium chloride or any solvent containing chlorine ions.

For faster achievement of therapeutic concentrations, administration in the first dose of 800 mg is allowed. The maximum daily dose is 1.2 g.
For the prevention of infectious complications in surgery, iv administration of the drug in a dose of 400-800 mg per hour is recommended before the operation.
In elderly patients, especially with concomitant disorders of kidney function, the dose should be reduced both when taken orally, and with iv introduction.

For patients with liver disease, a single dose for intravenous drip administration is 8 mg / kg body weight; duration of infusion - 1 h. Frequency of infusion is in patients with jaundice 1 time per 24 hours; in patients with ascites - 1 time per 36 hours; in patients with jaundice and ascites - 1 time in 48 hours.

Side effects

Taking the drug can lead to the development of negative side reactions from various organs and body systems, they include:

Musculoskeletal: the appearance of pain in the muscles, the appearance of pain in the joints, ruptures of the Achilles tendon, inflammation of the ligaments;
The system of hematopoiesis: a decrease in the number of leukocytes, a decrease in the number of platelets, an increase in the number of eosinophils;
Organs of the senses: visual impairment, change in taste perception,;
Urinary system: the appearance of blood in the urine, inflammation of the kidneys, the crystallization of urine;
Reactions of hypersensitivity to Abaktal: urticaria, hypersensitivity to sunlight, skin itching, bronchial spasm, reddening of the skin;
Digestive system: decreased or total loss of appetite, increased bilirubin concentration in the blood, increased activity of liver enzymes, vomiting, disturbance of digestion processes, increase in the concentration of alkaline phosphatase, the appearance of attacks of pseudomembranous colitis;
Central and peripheral nervous system: headaches, increased nervous irritability, disturbances in sleep patterns, confusion, trembling of limbs, appearance epileptic seizures, dizziness, the appearance of unreasonable anxiety, depressive conditions, the appearance of hallucinations, convulsive syndrome, nausea;
Local reactions: inflammation of the vein at the site of Abaktal injection.

Symptoms of an overdose: nausea, vomiting, confusion, mental agitation; in severe cases - loss of consciousness, convulsions.

special instructions

Solution for injection is used only in a hospital.

Due to possible photosensitization during the treatment with Abaktal, UV irradiation and direct sunlight should be avoided within 6 days after discontinuation of therapy.

If there is an allergic reaction or changes from the side of the central nervous system, as well as when suspicion of tendonitis should immediately cancel the drug.

Risk factors for the development of tendonitis on the background of fluoroquinolone therapy include: age over 60 years, renal failure, dialysis, concomitant therapy with GCS, dyslipidemia. The patient should be warned about the need to cancel the drug at the appearance of the initial signs of tendonitis, exclude the load on the affected limb and consult a doctor.

There may be false-positive results in the determination of glucose in urine by the copper reduction method (using copper sulfate), therefore enzymatic methods of analysis should be used.

The drug can be used in combination with beta-lactam antibiotics, metronidazole, vancomycin and rifampicin.

Caution should be exercised with the simultaneous administration of pefloxacin and isoniazid.

Reviews about Abaktal

Fluoroquinolones are highly effective drugs that also act on intracellularly located microorganisms. Abaktal in organs and tissues creates a concentration 2-7 times higher than the concentration in the blood. A long withdrawal period allows them to be administered 2 times a day.

Analyzing reviews about Abaktal, we can conclude about their effectiveness in pyelonephritis, prostatitis, sinusitis and gynecological diseases. This is a relatively low-toxic drug, but there may be side effects when they are taken.

So, there are reviews of the appearance of headache, anxiety, insomnia, irritability and even hallucinations. In 3-6% of patients, heartburn, nausea, and abdominal pain occur. An increase in the level of transaminases, which indicates a violation of liver function, is normalized after the drug is discontinued. In the elderly, tendinitis, tendovaginitis, and joint pains appeared.