Throat with ARVI

How to distinguish angina from SARS and colds: throat with infections, photo

How to distinguish sore throat from ARVI?The question is quite relevant, given that these diseases are very common and very similar.

The pain in the throat is familiar to all people, this can be said with certainty. However, the reasons for this state are quite numerous.

And the symptoms of diseases in which such a condition is observed are so similar to each other that it is sometimes very difficult for a doctor to make a correct diagnosis.

Meanwhile, angina most often has a bacterial origin, and acute respiratory-viral infections refer to viral diseases.

To understand the causes of inflammatory processes in the throat, you need to have an idea of ​​how the human pharynx is arranged. This is best shown by the photo.

The throat is formed from muscle tissue. In this area there is a crossing of the respiratory and digestive systems.

How the throat is arranged

The walls of the larynx are covered with lymphadenoid tissue. Large formations are represented by tonsils( see photo).These organs are part of a single lymphadenoid ring, which protects the human immune system from penetration of pathogenic microflora.

Palatine tonsils are located in the oropharynx on its side walls and are also an important link in the lymphadenoid ring. There are palatine tonsils from 20 depressions, called "lacunae"( see photo).Lacunas are necessary for purification of tonsils, which also take an active part in the proper functioning of the human immune system.

In the throat there are many nerve endings associated with vital organs and systems:

1. heart;
2. by the kidneys;
3. by the liver;
4. respiratory tract.

Therefore, a failure in the work of the tonsils can lead to the development of various complications of other important organs.

Characteristics of angina and acute respiratory viral infection

Symptoms of angina are as follows:

• increase in body temperature to 38 ° C and above;
• general weakness and fatigue;
• many patients have pain in the lumbar region;
• soreness of the joints and muscles;
• headache;
• dry mouth;
• pain when swallowing;
• enlargement of the lymph nodes in the submaxillary region.

Pain from the throat can spread to the ears and even the neck.

1. If the doctor during the examination finds that the palatine arches and tonsils are much red, swollen and covered with a mucous layer, then the patient has a coronary angina.
2. If the tonsils clearly visible large enough whitish-yellow dots( see photo) - it is a question of follicular angina. That is, in the follicles there is a suppuration and accumulation of lymphoid tissue under the mucous membrane.
3. If on the tonsils there are several filmy raids with a yellowish tinge that have spread either over the entire surface or by locus locality, the doctor diagnoses a lacunar sore throat in a patient.

Characteristically, with lacunar angina, the raids formed do not leave the palatine tonsils. Therefore, they can easily be removed with special cotton buds or tampons.

After removal of the plaque, the surface of the palatine tonsils acquires a pink color and a smooth surface( see photo).

Bleeding is completely absent. It is for this reason that lacunar angina can be distinguished from the disease that occurs with diphtheria.

Why does a sore throat occur?

The throat may be sore for various reasons. That's why you can not treat until the doctor diagnoses and determines these reasons. ARVI occurs when the virus has penetrated the body, and angina most often develops against a background of bacterial infection. But for an angina, education on the tonsils of pus is typical, which is not observed in ARVI.

Visually diagnose and determine the type of infection the doctor can not. To determine the nature of the cold or sore throat, the doctor should take a swab from the throat of the patient for further laboratory testing.

• Angina differs from ARVI also in that the temperature with it is kept quite stubbornly, but the pain in ARVI is not very intense.
• With sore throat, soreness is so severe that the patient absolutely can not eat or drink.
• For a respiratory viral infection, the temperature does not last long. Often, it is enough just competently similar antibiotic, as in a day or two the temperature completely drops.
• Sore throat with sore throat is scratching and sore. Often the patient has a burning sensation and excessive dryness.
• With a sore throat, it can only hurt on one side. If a patient has acute respiratory disease, inflammation and pain spreads to the entire area of ​​the larynx, as in the photo.

How to distinguish infectious angina from cold

First you need to examine the patient's throat. You can do it even at home. All that is needed for inspection is a good source of light and a tea spoon. The patient should turn to face light( for this purpose you can use a flashlight) and open your mouth.

Meanwhile, the second person with the help of a teaspoon clamps the middle of the tongue, almost near the root. Particular attention during examination should be given to the tonsils. With angina, the tonsils will be red and you can see purulent sores on them.

Usually, these sores are small in size( with some buckwheat kernels) and are presented in the form of white and yellow dots, as in the photo. The purulent formations on the tonsils grow quite quickly, after which they are just as quickly opened, so this moment can easily be missed.

There are no pustules on the tonsils with a respiratory viral infection, but the throat, or rather its posterior wall, is red. Redness can be seen on almond archs, on them you can observe a mesh pattern.

So, the cold sore throat can be distinguished by the state of the throat. Meanwhile, this difference is not the only one, but the main one, which can be noticed visually.

Localization of the focus of inflammation in angina occurs in the tonsils, and the causes of this disease is very high.

1. The most banal of them is the usual hypothermia.
2. However, the disease can be of a viral nature.
3. Often a provoking factor is poor immunity.

The causative agents of angina are the following pathogens:

• Staphylococci.
• Spindle-shaped rod( see photo).
• Viral infections, classical viral angina is possible.
• Anaerobic microbes.
• Candidiasis.
• Pneumococci.

Angina is sometimes called acute tonsillitis or pharyngitis. In the modern world, there are many factors, as a result of which the probability of getting a sore throat increases several times. These include:

1. Ambient atmosphere.
2. Regular exposure to drafts or in a damp room.
3. Low immunity.
4. Dental problems, for example, caries.
5. Mechanical injuries of the tonsils.
6. High air temperature.

It turns out that both angina and cold have the same reasons. But if on the tonsils you can observe the presence of pustules, it means that it is a question of angina, the temperature at which sometimes reaches 40. The disease is not often accompanied by a sensation of aches in bones and joints.

Meanwhile, with a respiratory viral infection, muscles and joints can also get sick. But, as it was said above, the temperature does not last for a long time, after which the patient has symptoms of acute rhinitis and cough.

So how do you distinguish angina from a cold or a viral infection? Even the therapist often makes an erroneous diagnosis and, taking a sore throat for ARVI, prescribes treatment corresponding to a respiratory infection, which in this case can not be effective.

Difficulties in the treatment of angina

With angina, the intake of antibacterial drugs should be combined with an hourly rinse of the throat. High temperature can be difficult to knock down even with the help of strong antipyretic medications.

The complexity of the situation is also in the fact that the pustules on the tonsils are eventually opened, which causes the patient a sharp unbearable pain. At the same time the disease goes into a purulent stage.

In such a development of events without antibiotic therapy and rinsing is indispensable. Angina in contrast to acute respiratory-viral infection is dangerous for its severe complications. In addition, the disease can go to a chronic stage. The only way to avoid all these consequences is the course of antibiotic therapy.

Blood and urine analysis will distinguish angina from respiratory infection. Acute tonsillitis and pharyngitis are characterized by the fact that when they occur, the leukocyte formula changes. The concentration of white blood cells and ESR in angina is dramatically increasing.

The reader will benefit from additional information on the treatment of angina in the video in this article.

stopgripp.ru

Basic principles of treatment of acute respiratory viral infections

ARVI( acute respiratory viral infections) are very common, especially in autumn and winter. According to statistical data, almost every person carries the disease, which affects the upper respiratory tract once a year. Unfortunately, many people who do not have medical education are firmly convinced that they know how to treat ARVI.

Therefore, when the first symptoms of the disease appear, they begin to take various medications independently, which often leads only to an aggravation of the condition and the development of complications. While properly selected by the doctor therapy can only put the patient on his feet in a few days.

What should I do if I have high body temperature?

One of the main symptoms of ARVI is a rise in temperature, which, for example, can be very significant in case of influenza. Thus it is necessary to provide such conditions, that the patient could lose heat, sweating or warming the inhaled air.

For this, the patient needs a rich vitaminized drink, for example, cranberry juice, as well as a little cool air in the room( for this, it should be regularly ventilated and wet cleaned in it).

It should be noted that when the skin is in contact with the cold( for example, with ice), there is a spasm of the skin vessels, so its temperature decreases, but the temperature of the internal organs continues to grow. This state is considered extremely dangerous, so do not use physical methods of cooling( wet sheets, ice bubbles) without the advice of a doctor. Before applying such techniques, the patient is prescribed special drugs that eliminate vasospasm.

Some patients with acute respiratory viral infections do not tolerate high temperature. For example, in people suffering from pathologies of the nervous system, hyperthermia can lead to seizures. Therefore, doctors for treatment at home prescribe antipyretic drugs, which can be taken when the temperature rises above 38.5 degrees. The most popular is paracetamol( Panadol) and acetylsalicylic acid( aspirin).Paracetamol is considered one of the safest medicines for fever, but it is effective only for non-serious infections.

What to do with a cold?

As in children and adults, a very common cold is common, which can significantly worsen the well-being. The fact is that the mucosa of the nasal passages secrete a large amount of mucus containing special substances that neutralize the viruses.

The main task in this period is to prevent the drying of mucus and the formation of crusts, otherwise the patient will have to breathe through the mouth. Therefore, the nose should be cleaned regularly, and also to ensure that the air in the room is clean and slightly moist.

Rhinitis in ARVI can not be treated with vasoconstrictive drops( nasol, sanorin, naphthyzine), because they only for a while facilitate the patient's condition, removing the swelling and stuffiness of the nose. If you use such drugs for a long time, the patient will develop chronic rhinitis. Such drugs can be prescribed only for the prevention of sinusitis, but the course should not last more than a week.

To get rid of the cold, antihistamines, such as suprastin and diazoline, are sometimes used. Also, sometimes doctors prescribe homeopathic medicines, which practically do not have side effects, for example, Edas-131.

What to do with sore throat and cough?

For many varieties of ARVI, for example, for influenza, a strong pain in the throat is characteristic. The most effective treatment in this case will be rinsing with various solutions, for example, furatsilinom or infusion of chamomile. Gargle should be rinsed as often as possible, at least every half hour. According to the doctor's prescription, you can use various lollipops, lozenges and sprays, for example, septothete, bioparox or hexoral.

In order to cure a cough, the patient should drink more, and the drinks should be warm. This will allow the phlegm to dilute and remove it from the body as soon as possible. You can also use medicines, for example, Mucaltin, broncholitin, ATSTS.

In order to accelerate recovery, antiviral drugs( interferon, kagocel) are used that reduce the sensitivity of human cells to viruses. Faster cough and other unpleasant symptoms will be helped by multivitamin complexes, which include ascorbic acid, B vitamins and rutin.

Do I need to take antibiotics in ARVI?

Many people do not realize that ARVI has a viral origin, therefore antibacterial drugs against it are not effective. In the treatment of antibiotics, the patient develops a dysbacteriosis, which is manifested by diarrhea, constipation, bloating and thrush.

And also with the uncontrolled intake of these drugs, the resistance of bacteria to antibiotics is formed, which is why, if necessary( for example, in case of pneumonia), an effective drug will be extremely difficult to select. And the fascination with antibiotics often leads to the development of allergies, especially in children.

Therefore, uncomplicated ARVI antibiotics can be treated only in exceptional cases:

• in the presence of signs of immunodeficiency( HIV, cancer and autoimmune pathologies, birth defects of the immune system, fungal diseases, etc.);
• in children, whose age is less than 6 months, if they have unfavorable background pathologies( rickets, severe lack of weight, malformations, etc.);
• in the presence of a history of recurrent otitis media.

With the help of antibiotics ARVI treatment is performed in the following cases:

• with the development of angina( anaerobic or streptococcal);
• with development of acute otitis media;
• in the presence of various purulent complications( descending laryngotracheitis, paratonsillar abscess, purulent lymphadenitis, purulent sinusitis);
• in the development of pneumonia;
• in the presence of sinusitis( inflammation of the paranasal sinuses).

If the patient's condition is not too severe and ARVI treatment is carried out at home, antibiotics are prescribed for oral administration. Usually only one drug is used, the criterion of effectiveness of which will be a decrease in temperature below 38 degrees in the first 36-48 hours after the initiation of therapy. If this does not happen, the doctor picks up another antibiotic.

Features of pregnancy treatment

A woman should start treatment only after consulting a doctor, because many drugs and even folk remedies can harm the fetus. From the cold will help instill in the nasal passages of salt water, which you can prepare yourself or buy at a pharmacy. It will also help the inhalation of essential oils of orange, eucalyptus or sage. You can dig in the nose drops, made from natural ingredients( Aqua Maris, Pinosol).

With sore throat, you can rinse it with saline solution, infusion of chamomile and sage. It is recommended to drink warm milk with a small amount of honey, but you can not soar your legs. And coughing will help inhalation with essential oils. When the temperature rises above 38 degrees, you can take a medicine based on paracetamol, prescribed by your doctor. If there is no edema, then you can drink more, for example, green tea with honey.

Features of treatment in the elderly

For elderly people, acute respiratory viral infections are especially dangerous, so it is worth treating them carefully. First of all, you need to ensure that the patient has enough sleep and a balanced diet. If a person has a dysbiosis of intestinal flora, then he is prescribed eubiotics( lactobacterin, bifidobacterin).It is necessary to take microelements and vitamins, because during illness the body needs them especially acutely.

Elderly drugs for treatment of acute respiratory infections can be selected only by a doctor, taking into account the severity of their condition and the presence of accompanying pathologies. Most often used drugs of plant origin, which have the least side effects. Older people taking drugs for the treatment of chronic pathologies are usually not prescribed antibiotics and potent drugs because of the high risk of undesirable side effects.

Treatment and prevention of ARVI includes the use of drugs that stimulate the formation of interferon. For moderate and mild forms of influenza, for example, arbidol is used. Correctly selected therapy can prevent the development of severe complications and lead to an early recovery of the patient.

Features of treatment in children

Children often suffer from ARVI, so pediatricians have certain standards for the treatment of these diseases, which they try to adhere to. Trying to cope independently with the infection is not worth it, because inadequate therapy, most likely, will lead to the development of complications.

In addition to the medicines prescribed by the doctor, proper care is very important. The child needs to be put in bed, to provide him with a balanced diet and fresh clean air. At elevated temperature, you can not only use medicines, but also apply physical methods of cooling. For example, you can wipe the baby's skin with a napkin, which is moistened with a solution prepared from water, vinegar and vodka, which were mixed in equal proportions. In this case, the child should be covered with a warm blanket.

With fever, a warm vitaminized drink, for example cranberry or cranberry juice, will help. If the temperature does not go down and the drugs are not effective, you should call an ambulance.

Folk methods

Treatment with various folk remedies is only used as an auxiliary method and only after consulting a specialist. The fact is that such drugs are not always effective and often lead to the occurrence of side effects, for example, to allergies.

Many people with ARVI help tea made of lime color. If the disease is accompanied by high fever, it is necessary to include red currant berries or fresh juice made from them in the diet. And with sore throat it is recommended to add a couple of tablespoons of natural honey to a glass of hot milk and drink this solution in small sips during the day.

If the patient is troubled by a runny nose, he can drink a broth prepared from raspberries or wild strawberries. It is recommended to take one glass 3 times a day after meals.

ingalin.ru

What to do if the pain in the throat with ASVI

Sore throat with ARVI is a common phenomenon. You can alleviate your condition both with the help of medications, and using proven folk remedies.

Warm drink

Feeling a sore throat, start drinking as many drinks as possible. It can be tea, warmed milk, mors, herbal decoction. The main thing is that the drink should not be cold, but not too hot, so as not to injure an already stricken throat. An excellent remedy for treating the throat is warm milk with a spoon of honey added to it.

Rinse

Rinse throat is also indicated with pain in ARVI.To perform this procedure you can use a decoction of chamomile, sage or water with lemon juice, for the preparation of which you should dissolve in a glass of water a tablespoon of fresh lemon juice. A good effect is a mixture of soda, salt and iodine. To prepare such a rinse aid, take a teaspoon of salt, a teaspoon of soda, two drops of iodine and mix the ingredients with a glass of water. Gargle as often as possible. Ideally, the procedure should be repeated every hour.

Sprays

Numerous sprays for the throat will also help you defeat the common cold. Try Ingalipt, Orasept or drugs that work in a similar way. The positive side of using these remedies is that they not only successfully fight the microbes that caused the infection, but also have an analgesic effect, saving you from time to time from unpleasant sensations.

Inhalations

A good effect on the sore throat is provided by inhalations, which can be done at home. To do this, use a clean kettle or coffee pot. Pour into it a hot decoction of marigold, sage or chamomile, or just drip into boiling water a couple of essential oils of pine, fir, cypress. Carefully inhale hot steam through the tip of the kettle until the water cools.

Honey

Honey is a wonderful and tasty remedy for treating a sore throat. Take a teaspoon of treats and slowly dissolve your medicine carefully prepared by bees, rolling it with your tongue in your mouth. Gradually you will feel relief, the pain will become much weaker.

Lollipops

Do not want to mess with honey, use lollipops for sore throats. With resorption, the active substance of the drug is evenly distributed throughout the throat, relieving pain. An important plus of this form of medicine is that it is convenient to take candies or dissolution plates with you if you carry the disease on your legs. From the pain in the throat will help "Strepsils", "Septotelet", "Tharyngept" and other medications.

KakProsto.ru

Treatment of acute respiratory viral infections in adults

The most common and painful topic for every person and every family in the autumn-winter period is ARVI.In periods of the epidemic, 8-9 people out of 10 can get sick. By respiratory viral infections are meant diseases of the upper respiratory tract caused by a group of viruses. There are about 250 kinds of viruses that can lead to the development of acute respiratory viral infections.

The primary factor in the development of the disease is the hypothermia of the body and, as a consequence, a decrease in overall immunity. Subcooling of the lower extremities is of great importance.

Prevention of acute respiratory infections

If you do not want to get sick, follow a series of recommendations:

1. Stick to a regular, vitamin-rich and protein-rich diet.
2. Be sure to get enough sleep, you can sleep 1-2 hours a day.
3. Try not to get into stressful situations.
4. Come home - wash your hands immediately with soap and water. Rinse thoroughly with soap and nasal passages.
5. In public places, hospitals, pharmacies, shops do not hesitate to put on an ordinary disposable mask.
6. Drip 2-3 drops of beet juice into the nasal passages.
7. 2-3 times a day instill the drug Grippferon.
8. Lubricate the nasal passages with Oxoline ointment when exiting to the street.
9. Take 1 tablet of Dibazol for 2 weeks.

If the virus has entered the body

As a rule, the first appears a period of the first unclear, weak symptoms. Weakness, coughing, runny nose, a sore throat, an aching in the muscles of the body, a small subfebrile condition. What can be done first thing at home? So, treatment of ARVI at home assumes:

1. It is very good to wrap up and sweat in a dream.
2. Rub feet with vodka, and put on warm dry socks.

We are treated at home

Next, we turn to treatment of acute respiratory infections with folk remedies.

Drink a warm tea with honey and ginger:

1. For a glass of tea, put one tsp.rubbed ginger and the same piece of honey.
2. All this is thoroughly mixed.
3. You need 2-3 glasses of this tea drink.

You can put dry jars on your back.

Treatment of acute respiratory infections in adults requires the fact that you need to properly sweat. Therefore, we use tea with diaphoretic herbs:

• lime color;
• of elderberry;
• raspberry.

If the acute respiratory viral infection proceeds without temperature, then the following simple method can be used for treatment:

1. We collect half a glass of water
2. We drip 5 drops of iodine.
3. Drinking.

In case of further development of

disease Traditional medicine in this situation recommends the use of:

• immunomodulators;
• antihistamines;
• antiviral drugs;
• multivitamins.

Remember that before you start the treatment of ARVI in adults, it is better to consult a district doctor. He will be able to prescribe the optimal regimen for ARVI treatment in adults.

One of the proven antiviral drugs that allow for effective treatment of ARVI in adults is Viferon in a dosage of 500,000 units. It contains ready antibodies for suppression from viruses. The drug of a similar group is Kipferon. Take this drug for 1 candle, rectally 2 times a day.

Another proven drug is Isoprinosine. It has antiviral nonspecific action and reduces immunosuppression of viruses. It is taken in a dosage of 500 mg for a period of 5 days.

Rapid treatment of acute respiratory viral infection in adults allows for antibiotics. However, as a rule, they are prescribed in the presence of complications of the disease.

From vitamins take large doses of ascorbic, up to 1 gram during the day.

Vasoconstrictors are recommended for use in obstructed nasal breathing.

To antihistamines we will refer:

• Dimedrol;
• Tavegil;
• Loratadin et al.

Take 1-2 times a day.

Please note that cough preparations should be taken only on the advice of a doctor. Because it is necessary to assess the type of cough. However, lozenges containing sage are allowed.

It is also good to help warm milk with Borjomi in the same proportions.

Do not forget about the wet cleaning of the room up to 2 times a day, and also airing up to 4-5 times a day.

It is recommended to drink plenty of liquids to remove toxins in the body( up to 2 liters of fluid).It is very useful to drink:

• milk with lemon and honey;
• cranberry, crimson, cranberry fruit;
• compotes;
• 
• of citrus juices.

The patient needs to provide sufficient food with protein food: broths, vegetables and fruits, seafood. It should be eaten often, but fractional.

And most importantly - you need bed rest for the patient. Complications, as a rule, develop if the cold is transferred to the legs. This lesion:

• heart;
• of the kidney;
• of the brain;
• of lungs, etc.

WomanAdvice.ru

Related articles