Rehabilitation after knee arthroplasty at home

Rehabilitation after knee replacement: exercises, timing

Replacement of the knee joint is not such a simple matter. Your life after prosthetics will never be the same.Rehabilitation after knee arthroplasty - what should it be?

Rehabilitation after knee arthroplasty

To make an operation to replace the joint is not all.

• It will take a complex program of therapeutic exercises for the joint
• Load on the joint will have to be limited, like some types of exercises:
  • for convolution
  • jogging and jumping
• We will have to give up many sports (light and heavy athletics, wrestling, mountain and water skiing, parachute, etc.).
• For several years after the operation, you will need to see a doctor

It may seem that after the operation you will have to spare and protect the diseased knee in every possible way. This is not entirely true:

Gentle mode for a few days will certainly be, but the first exercises will need to start literally on the second day. And then the load will only increase.

To develop the joint after the operation will take a long time, and even more nerves and patience. I'll have to work through overcoming pain. How else?

Rehabilitation is necessary to:

1. There were no contractures, and the prosthesis bent and rotated with the same approximate amplitude as the once healthy joint
2. The risk was not in vain (the operation is always a risk) and the money expended

What determines the success of rehabilitation

Half of the success depends on the skill and skill of the surgeon, and the second half only on the patient:

• Will you be able to complete the entire rehabilitation program
• Will not relax after a few weeks or even years
• Will it be done properly not only in the rehabilitation center, but also at home

When the rehabilitation program is performed, the patient is not alone:

• The patient should not guess:
  1. Will not the exercises, from which it hurts, be dangerous or undesirable?
  2. whether there will be any side complications
• He does not need to make a choice of exercises independently
• There is no need to purchase mechanical simulators (they should be in a rehab center)

All these questions are decided by the attending physician and rehabilitologist.

Surgeons are aware of the main dangers of the early postoperative period:

• Risk of thrombosis: apodozmy signs of thrombosis can be due to pain, swelling and redness below or above the knee
• The risk of developing an infectious inflammation: an elevated temperature, excessive levels of leukocytes in the blood can be troubling symptoms

The rehabilitologist visits the patient a few hours after the operation and shows the first necessary exercises that he will need to perform.

After discharge, the question of the rehabilitation center is usually raised, however, studies there are not expensive, and therefore many patients decide to restore themselves.

Is it possible to self-rehabilitation at home

Probably, yes, because the impossible is really nothing.

But in practice alone and for a long time to restore the joint after prosthetics is difficult:

1. There is a lack of purely specific knowledge, which orthopedists-traumatologists possess
2. Because of the fear of pain, a barrier arises that reduces the volume and amplitude of movements
3. They interfere with self-pity, disorganization of the schedule of studies, etc.

Exercises of the early operational period

The first two days after surgery

Exercises for hands

• Squeeze and unclench the fists
• We bend and unbend our arms in the elbows
• Fist rotation in both directions
• Similar rotation of elbows
• "Boxing" with the separation of the shoulder blades from the bed
• Straight and cross "scissors"
• Pulling

Exercises for a healthy leg

1. Circular motion of the ankle
2. Compression and unclenching of fingers
3. Bending of the leg in the knee
4. Raising a Straight Leg
5. Leaning on the heel and elbows, lift the buttocks
6. We begin to sit down with the aid of a handrail, first without lowering our legs to the floor, and on the second day, we lower them

Exercises for a sore leg

• Squeeze and unclench fingers
• We pull the foot on ourselves and on ourselves
• Alternately bend and unbend legs in the supine position and sitting
• In the sitting position, we place our feet on the bench, raise and lower them without detaching the heels

The gymnastics of the first two days is performed at a slow pace:

1. Between several exercises breaks from three to five minutes are made
2. Some exercises are combined with a respiratory rhythm

Walking on walkers or crutches

Walking with ancillary facilities is already on the second day. Walking on crutches is somewhat more difficult, since more physical strength is required. For the elderly, walking is preferable not to crutches, but to walkers

It is easier, of course, to see or experiment with crutches before the operation, but the general procedure is simple:

• To rise it is necessary, holding one hand for a hand-rail, another - for the handle of a crutch or a walker, with a support on a healthy leg
• Walking on crutches and on walkers is built on the same principle:
  • They serve as an additional support for bodies: we rub ourselves on crutches under the armpits, and on the walker with our hands
  • First we move forward at a distance of a small step both crutches or walkers
  • With a healthy foot, we make a step and tighten the operated leg with a sliding motion along the floor
  • The sick leg should first touch the floor with a heel, and then you can lower the entire foot
• The first walk with additional support should be short-lived and carried out with the help of an instructor

Two to seven days after surgery

The patient by this time independently sits in a bed, having lowered feet on a floor, and itself goes on crutches.

• Repeat all previous exercises in the supine and sitting position, but more actively and in large amplitudes
• The number of repetitions increases
• The following exercises are added:
  • retention of an elongated foot
  • holding the straight leg raised by 20-30˚
  • Extension of limb with a roller under the heel
  • isometric exercises with tension of gluteal muscles and quadriceps femoris
  • tilts and turns of the trunk with an outstretched arm
  • imitation of walking
  • exercises in the supine position on the side (on a healthy leg) with a roller between the legs
• Starting from the second day, the development of the knee joint with the help of mechanotherapy - passive flexion-extension of the knee joint on a mechanical simulator with a gradual increase in speed, angle and duration

Ninth day after surgery

Dynamics of exercises for the operated leg increases:

1. Lying on the side, bend and unbend the leg in the ankle
2. Pull the socks up and raise the leg by 10 cm (expert's help is allowed)
3. We make small flies sick leg
4. Add exercises with the emphasis on the handrails one hundred: ahi forward and raising the foot to a small angle

Rehabilitation at home

The statement usually occurs in two weeks.

At home, you will repeat all the exercises that were done in the hospital in all three states plus will be added:

• abdominal exercises
• sit-ups
• risings on tiptoe

It is also necessary to repeat passive mechanotherapy: at home, this can be done with a conventional elastic band.

The task of home exercises:

• Avoid contracture
• Restore function of knee joint
• Improve trophic soft tissues of the lower leg and thigh

Late recovery period

It begins 1.5 months after the operation.

Add exercises with support and load on the aching leg:

• Makhi standing on a sick leg
• Walking on bent legs, holding on to the handrails
• Exercises "scissors" and "bicycle etc.

Late rehabilitation period

This period is usually considered a term of more than two months after the operation. However, for all its terms.

The tasks of this period are mainly adaptive:

• Ill learn to walk with a cane
• Executes exercises with weighting
• Starts exercising on a stationary bike

In the photo below - exercises with traction for the development of the knee joint:

How long it takes to recover

In fact, caring for the joint will last a lifetime.It is impossible at the end of rehabilitation to immediately forget about the prosthesis.

• Six months after the operation, it is necessary to conduct a control examination of the knee from the surgeon
• Then visit the doctor every year
• For several years, you need to practice active active exercise every day
• Then you can just perform daily gymnastics, maintaining your normal weight
• In 10 years after the operation, a very thorough examination is necessary, since the prosthesis resource could come to an end

A source: https://ZaSpiny.ru/hirurgiya/reabilitaciya-posle-zameny-kolennogo-sustava.html

Recovery period after knee replacement

Often, replacing the cartilage of a diseased knee becomes the only way to keep the mobility of the leg. Rehabilitation after knee arthroplasty is a key step in the patient's return to normal life.

Preparation of the patient before surgery

Surgeons do only half the job, everything else depends on the person.

The success of rehabilitation after the replacement of the knee joint lies in the patient's desire to restore the mobility of the limb as quickly as possible, in his patience and perseverance.

After all, the classes will have to be carried out not only in the hospital, but also at home during the long weeks and months. Therefore, psychological preparation is the main key to success. All this the attending physician should explain to the patient long before the operation.

It is necessary to familiarize the patient in advance with the technique of walking on crutches, basic gymnastic exercises and methods of controlling breathing.

The risk of complications in the postoperative period will be much higher if the muscles are sluggish and weakened.

Preference should be given to those types of physical activity that will improve general physical condition and muscle tone, without overloading the musculoskeletal apparatus. Especially useful are:

• water exercises (swimming in the pool, aqua gym, aqua aerobics, walking in the water);
• exercise on the stationary bike;
• Scandinavian walking (with sticks);
• exercises to maintain balance and develop coordination.

In the postoperative period, such activities will be restricted, but 2-3 months later they can be returned to them.

The first days after the operation

Prosthesis of the knee does not require a long stay in the intensive care unit. A few hours after the endoprosthesis is installed, the patient is transferred to the hospital. Almost immediately, the implementation of an individually developed regimen of rehabilitative therapy begins.

In prophylactic purposes, the operated leg is lifted above the plane of the body. The patient performs thoracic and diaphragmatic breathing exercises. To reduce swelling and pain syndrome, a bag of ice is applied to the diseased knee. The wound is treated with antiseptics and bandaged.

A gymnastic rehabilitation program after a knee replacement for a patient begins with the first days. It is carried out with the goal of preventing complications and maintaining the tonus of the musculoskeletal system.

A healthy hand performs the following exercises:

• compression and unclenching of fingers;
• flexion and extension in elbows;
• rotation of the fists in different directions;
• similar movements of elbows;
• pull-up;
• tearing off the blades from the bed.

Exercises for a healthy leg:

• compression and unclenching of fingers;
• flexion in the knee;
• circular rotation of the ankle;
• raising a straight leg.

Many patients are interested in how many days after the knee replacement surgery they will be able to walk. If there are no complications, starting to get up on your feet should be on the second-third day, but only under the supervision of the instructor and with the help of special tools.

The main emphasis when walking is on crutches and a healthy leg. On a sick limb, the load should not be, it can only touch the ground lightly.

Time of independent movement is strictly limited, gradually increasing.

Within 15-25 days after surgery the patient will be able to take half an hour walk three times a day.

Early rehabilitation period

He chooses the necessary exercises and loads. The total supervision of the patient lies with the instructor. Any amateur activity here is inadmissible, since it threatens with serious complications.

The early rehabilitation period includes lessons in a hospital bed and in the gym. Therapeutic exercise at this stage should be carried out in a sparing mode. Exercises are done at a moderate pace without sudden movements. Usually the patient makes several approaches.

Here are the basic basic exercises for this recovery period:

1. Flexion and unbending of the ankle of the diseased leg. The patient lies on the couch. At first, he slowly pulls the sock toward himself, then - in the opposite direction. We repeat this movement 10-15 times. This complex should be done every 10-15 minutes throughout the day.
2. Reduction of the muscles of the buttocks and thighs. Performed in prone position. The patient alternately compresses and relaxes the anterior and posterior femoral muscles, the gluteus musculature. There is a strengthening of the fibers, increases muscle tone and the leg heals much faster.
3. Stress of the quadriceps muscle of the thigh. The patient lies on the couch, a roller is placed under the knee of the diseased leg. The limb slowly straightens and rises to 25-35 cm by the strength of the anterior muscles of the thigh. This position is held for a few seconds, then the leg can be lowered. There are several approaches for 10-15 repetitions with breaks of 3-5 minutes.
4. Flexion of the knee. Performed in a prone position with extended legs. The patient's limb is slowly pulled toward him, trying to reach a right angle in the knee. Then gradually take the starting position. This movement is carried out at least 10 times.
5. Imitation of walking. Lying on his back, the patient alternately raises and lowers his legs, as if walking on the surface.
6. Mechanotherapy. Appointed as early as the second day after surgery. Exercises are done on a mechanical simulator. The patient lies on the couch. Passive flexion and extension of the knee joint are performed. The angle of the leg bend and the speed of movement can be changed.
7. Lifting the pelvis. It is done for preventive purposes to avoid stagnant phenomena. The starting position is lying on the back, hands are stretched along the body. It is necessary to slowly raise the pelvic area, leaning on the feet, forearms and the back of the head. Put a pillow under your head.

Rehabilitation at home

If there are no complications, the patient is discharged from the hospital after 2-3 weeks. Usually by this time he can already independently get up, sit down and move with the help of special devices. But rehabilitation after the operation on this, of course, does not end.

The most effective way of recovery is to work in a special rehabilitation center under the supervision of specialized specialists with a 24-hour stay.

If this is not possible, therapeutic gymnastics should certainly be carried out at home.

At the same time, the doctor will prescribe a number of outpatient activities that are mandatory for attendance.

Patients need to take a walk, and over time they should become more and more often.

At the end of 8 weeks after the operation, it is already possible to lean on the injured leg completely.

In the middle of the rehabilitation period, the doctor directs the patient to massage the legs, recommends exercises on the stationary bike.

1. The patient stands on a healthy leg and holds on to the back of the chair. Bending the sick limb, you need to try to press the heel to the buttock. Similarly, this exercise is performed in the supine position.
2. Incomplete sit-ups. When doing this, hold on to the support. The back must be straight. It is strictly forbidden to do deep squats: this can damage the elements of the prosthesis.
3. Holding on to the wall, the patient alternately transfers the weight of the body from one leg to the other. In the future, this exercise can be performed without support.
4. The starting position is facing the wall at arm's length. The palms rest on the surface, the healthy leg is in front and half-bent, the patient is put back and straightened. We act as if we are trying to move the closet. Stress should be felt in the posterior surface of the leg of the problem limb.
5. In the late period of rehabilitation begin to roll from heel to toe. Exercise is carried out standing, with a support for hands. Complicated option - rolling on one leg.
6. Exercises for flexion and extension of the limb with resistance. Performed with a flexible rubber band in different positions: sitting, lying on your back or on your stomach.
7. The patient sits leaning on the rail. With a problem foot, we swing forward, briefly fixing the limb in the extreme position.

Perfect for walking, swimming, cycling. With properly chosen physical exertion, the knee joint prosthesis will last you for at least a quarter of a century.

A source: https://OrtoCure.ru/kosti-i-sustavy/drugoe/reabilitatsiya-posle-endoprotezirovaniya-kolena.html

Proper rehabilitation after an operation of knee arthroplasty

Operation is an important, but not the only, stage in the fight against severe knee joint diseases. The most critical part of the treatment begins after the patient has been discharged from the clinic.

Then the complexrehabilitation after knee replacement - the time when the health of the operated directly depends on his own efforts.

Endoprosthetics of the knee joint

Recovery after endoprosthetics includes several areas, among which the leading role is played by medical gymnastics, physiotherapy and medical therapy on demand. Rehabilitation begins already in the hospital immediately after surgery; at discharge the doctor gives the patient a detailed list of exercises and procedures that he needs to perform.

The rehabilitation program is developed individually for each patient, taking into account the severity of his illness, general physical fitness, the presence of accompanying pathologies and other factors.

All this is done by a rehabilitation physician or specialist in restorative medicine. In the absence of this specialist in your medical institution, you can also contact a traumatologist and orthopedist.

In more than 90% of cases, careful follow-up of the recommendation of the attending physician allows to restore the functions of the knee well and restore its former mobility.

However, this is possible only when the patient is interested in recovery and conscientiously undergoes rehabilitation, the duration of which is not less than 3-4 months.

There are no fundamental differences between rehabilitation after knee replacement and after similar operations on other joints. The difference is only in the specificity of the complex of therapeutic gymnastic exercises.

Next, we will talk about two main ways of rehabilitation - at home and in the hospital, and also learn how to recover after endoprosthetics most quickly.

Rehabilitation at home

Recover after surgery with the greatest success possible at home.

This option is suitable for all patients, but in practice it is more often chosen by individuals aged 20-50 years.

Also, effective rehabilitation of the house is possible in older people, if their relatives are engaged in them or a specially trained instructor.

There are three important conditions for the rehabilitation program at home:

1. Moderation: Exercise should be performed at an average pace and rhythm, in no case leading to exhaustion.
2. Regularity: it is not so much the exercises that are critical, as the planned and systematic nature of the exercises.
3. Patience: a positive result does not manifest immediately - to achieve it, you need to work.

In the rehabilitation program after knee replacement, in addition to exercises, include physiotherapy and massage, which can be done at a local polyclinic or at home, as well as medication prescribed by a doctor hospital.

Exercises for restoring the knee joint

Therapeutic exercises after endoprosthetics pursue a single goal: to restore the function of the joint. It begins immediately after the operation of endoprosthetics and includes a set of exercises of increasing complexity.

In the first 1-3 days, the patient learns to re-do elementary movements, such as sitting on the edge of the bed, independent lifting to the feet, landing on a chair.

The patient should do these exercises with the help of medical personnel or relatives for safety, as well as using crutches or walking stick.

During the first 6-12 weeks after discharge, the convalescent student learns to move around the apartment - first with outside help, then on his own.

It is extremely important to consolidate landing skills on a horizontal surface (chair, toilet seat) and lifting from it.

Another important skill is the ability to flex an operated leg in the knee joint at an angle of 90 degrees and ability to balance on it within 10-15 seconds - this is necessary to facilitate the use of soul.

Other strengthening exercises that need to be performed:

• walking on the spot;
• alternating bending of the knees in a standing position;
• reduction and retraction of the hips in a standing position;
• alternate lifting and bending of the legs in the knee joint in the supine position.

Exercises to strengthen the knee joint. Click on photo to enlarge

After 12 weeks of regular practice, the operated knee is already fully functional, but it requires further strengthening.

At this stage it is recommended to engage in some kind of sport, which does not require excessive physical exertion. The most useful in this respect are walking, walking bicycles, rowing, swimming and yoga.

Categorically prohibited team sports, martial arts, running and tennis.

Auxiliary methods of rehabilitation

Other methods of restoring the function of the knee joint (in addition to gymnastics) also greatly facilitate healing of the postoperative wound, improve performance and reduce the severity of unpleasant symptoms.

• In the first days after the operation, an ice pack wrapped in a towel should be applied to the knee to reduce swelling and redness.
• In the future, under the strict supervision of a doctor, you can use painkillers and ointments, especially before physiotherapy sessions, because during the procedure, painful sensations and discomfort.
• In some cases, a massage is shown, which is often used for arthrosis of the knee joint; it can be performed independently, but it is best to entrust it to a specialist. Massage includes rubbing, kneading, squeezing and stroking not only the knee, but also other parts of the body, including the waist and thigh.

Auxiliary methods of rehabilitation after knee arthroplasty

Rehabilitation in a hospital

Unfortunately, the restoration of the functions of the operated knee joint at home is not available to everyone.

Often the reason for the inefficiency of home rehabilitation is banal laziness,but sometimes it is impossible and on objective factors independent of the patient.

In this case, the convalescent is recommended to undergo a rehabilitation program in specialized clinics involved in the rehabilitation of patients after orthopedic and traumatological operations. They are provided with a wide range of different services, including:

• the development of a curative gymnastics program;
• individual and group exercises;
• hydrotherapy;
• mud treatment;
• physiotherapy procedures, and other activities.

Rehabilitation procedures in a specialized clinic

The cost of rehabilitation in private clinics varies widely, and according to data for the summer of 2016 is from 5, 00 to 10, 00 rubles for one course lasting 2 weeks.

Possible complications - in rare cases

In 70-80% of cases, the rehabilitation period after knee replacement is smooth and without any complications.

In this respect, much depends on the quality of the performed operation of endoprosthetics.

Insufficient qualification of the surgeon, difficulties in the individual anatomy of the knee joint, the presence severe co-morbidities - this and much more can lead to the development of such complications, as:

• inflammatory process in the bones adjacent to the knee joint;
• infectious complications;
• thrombosis and embolism;
• damage to the neurovascular bundles.

All these complications develop in less than 1% of patients and in the first week after the operation.

Immediately during the rehabilitation, there may be complications associated with the side effects of pain medication.

It is for this reason that they should be taken short courses lasting not more than one week, or in in which case not every day, with a break between courses at least in 2-3 days and necessarily under medical observation.

If, during the exercise, you feel severe pain in the knee and notice that it has lost its efficiency, it is necessary as soon as possible to contact your doctor (rheumatologist, arthrologist). This should be done in the event that you accidentally hit an operated knee joint.

Forecast

Regardless of the severity of the underlying disease, for which knee arthroplasty was performed, the operation is well tolerated in more than 90% of patients. Already after half a year of carefully conducted rehabilitation the full restoration of joint function is observed, and the patient can return to normal life.

After undergoing a recovery program, the recovered person should undergo regular, at least once a year, examination with an orthopedic trauma specialist, as the endoprosthesis wears out sometimes, and then a repeated operation.

A source: http://SustavZdorov.ru/koleni/reabilitaciya-posle-ehndoprotezirovaniya-kolena-329.html

Recovery after knee replacement surgery. Rehabilitation at home, LCA and exercise

Surgical intervention is, undoubtedly, a very important moment in the treatment of diseases of the knee joint. However, the rehabilitation period is no less important.

It is from him that the further life and condition of the operated patient will depend.

We learn about how rehabilitation after knee arthroplasty is going on.

A few words about the operation and the importance of recovery after its conduct

Endoprosthetics, that is, replacing a worn knee joint, is the only alternative to a wheelchair.Most of the load falls on the legs, so the likelihood of injury is enormous.

As a result, complex pathological processes develop which can be eliminated only by performing an operation to replace the knee joint.

Depending on the area of ​​damage, these types of endoprosthetics are distinguished:

• total- the knee joint is completely replaced by an artificial endoprosthesis, an operation is performed if the knee is damaged by more than 70%;
• partial- the joint is damaged by less than 50-60%, only some part is replaced by an implant, this kind of surgical intervention is more sparing, unlike the previous one.

The causes of damage to the knee joint can be many - excess weight, a jump from the height, a blow to the knee, etc. All these factors lead to a violation of blood flow in the tissues.

Rehabilitation after surgery involves several stages. One of the most basicLFK (physiotherapy exercises), physiotherapy, drug therapy (if necessary).

The recovery period begins immediately after the endoprosthesis of the knee.

Rehabilitation program is developed for each patient individuallydepending on its physical data, neglect of pathology, concomitant diseases, etc.

Rehabilitation after prosthetic knee resists:

• contracture- restriction in movement, impossibility to bend or unbend a limb in the knee or full immobility of the joint;
• with a strong load on the kneeafter surgery or on the contrary, restriction in movement, the prosthesis is deprived of the opportunity to receive adequate nutrition, in resulting in its thinning, which in most cases leads to a re-surgical interference;
• furtherdevelopment of pathology;
• synovitis- excess fluid that accumulates in the synovial bag.

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Quality rehabilitation period

After surgery at the knee joint, the patient will feel pain.This phenomenon is absolutely normal. Thus, the body adapts to the new design.

It is not excluded after surgery to replace the joint swelling and fever. On the question of when they will fall, doctors respond in different ways. Postoperative symptoms, on average, disappear on day 3-7.

Postoperative stage

The postoperative phase occurs immediately, as soon as the patient has left anesthesia. Only under the supervision of medical personnel can you begin to move your foot.

In the early days it is recommended to hold gentle gymnastic exercises. Appointed doctor or methodologist for exercise therapy.

These exercises can be prescribed:

• Simultaneous flexion and extension of the fingers of both extremities and alternate. The exercise repeats 10-15 times. Every day their number increases;
• Pulling your toes on yourself (you can not allow the appearance of pain in this case). The exercise is repeated 4-5 times;
• Flexion and straightening of the legs in the knees at a slight angle;
• Strain of the gluteal muscles and their relaxation.

These simple manipulations are considered effective at the first stage of the rehabilitation period. First, the leg is recommended in the lying position, then sitting.

It is impossible to perform this complex of exercises on a post-operation stage independently. Development of knee joints in the first days after prosthetics is carried out only under the close supervision of a doctor.

What goals are pursued at this stage?

• Stand up yourself and go to bed;
• Learn to walk with support structures;
• Sit on a chair on the bed;
• Independently raise and lower your legs;
• Prepare for exercise therapy.

Early stage

During this period the patient undergoes rehabilitation at home. Unfortunately, being in the usual situation, many relax and ignore the prescriptions of doctors.

This negligent attitude towards one's health can lead to dangerous consequences.

How to develop a knee joint at this stage?

Doctors recommend performing such gymnastics in a sitting position:

• bend and unbend your toes at the same time;
• rotate feet clockwise and counterclockwise;
• Raise the leg, without bending the knee (angle - 45 degrees);
• "Chat" with the limbs in the air for a few seconds.

Exercises in the supine position:

• Lie on your stomach. Bend your knees;
• Lie on your back. Make a bar with support on the shoulder blades and a healthy foot.

Exercises in the standing position:

• Lean on the chair. Bend the leg in the knees first forward, then back. Repeat 10 times;
• Rise on the socks 10-15 times with the support of a chair or a headboard;
• Walking on the stairs;
• Backstrokes;
• "Slip" on the wall;
• Roll from toe to toe.

During this period the patient can already walk with the help of a cane.

If you are not sure that at home you will be able to properly recover -it is better to undergo treatment in a special rehabilitation center.

The cost of such treatment will be quite high. However, there you will be offered treatment procedures - physiotherapy, massage, an individual complex of exercise therapy, mud therapy, hydrotherapy, exercising on exercise bicycles, etc.

All medical measures will be conducted only under the supervision of medical personnel. Therefore, to relax in such an institution will not be possible.

All forces will be directed to restore the work of the knee joint and return to a full life.

Where to go through rehabilitation, your doctor will tell you, depending on the complexity of the diagnosis.

The distant stage

This period is designed to return a person to a normal and fulfilling life.

It lasts up to 1 year (sometimes longer). 2 times during this time the operated one undergoes a complete examination with MRI of the knee joint.

The load on the knee increases. It is allowed to visit the gym (in the presence of a personal trainer), to engage in some kind of sport with moderate loads.

The most preferable is walking, cycling, swimming, rowing. It is also useful to attend yoga sessions, go to treatment in a sanatorium.

It is necessary to perform daily such exercises:

• "Scissors "bicycle";
• Walking on bent legs, holding on to the support.

In addition, doctors recommenddo not drink alcohol, smoke, eat too high-calorie foods.

Complications after knee replacement

Unfortunately, in some cases complications develop after endoprosthesis surgery:

• Endoprosthesis displacement;
• Thrombosis of veins, because of stagnation of blood;
• Contracture;
• Synovitis.

Another common complication is infection. It is treated by taking antibacterial drugs.

An infection is usually introduced, with endoprosthetics (due to the doctor's non-compliance with hygiene norms and the use of non-sterile instruments).

The main symptom of infection is a feeling of "hot knee an increase in body temperature, the release of pus in place of the seam.

The development of the knee joint after surgery takes a very long time. And you need to be ready for this.

The most important thing in this case is not to relax and unquestioningly follow the recommendations of a doctor-rehabilitologist. After all, it is from the recovery period that your future life will depend.

A source: https://sustavoved.com/lechenie-sustavov/reabilitatsiya/reabilitatsiya-posle-endoprotezirovaniya-kolennogo-sustava/

Rehabilitation after a knee replacement at home

The operation is an important, but not the only, step in the fight against severe diseases of the knee joint.

The most critical part of the therapy begins only after the patient is discharged from the hospital.

It is then that complex rehabilitation should begin after the replacement of the knee joint - during this period the health of the operated person directly depends on his own efforts.

But how correctly to carry out rehabilitation after replacement of a knee joint in house conditions?

Begin rehabilitation as soon as possible!

Recovery after endoprosthetics implies several directions, of which physiotherapy, physiotherapy and requirement.

Most patients begin to perform a set of physical exercises the day after the operation.

The physiotherapist should explain to the patient the method of conducting a special set of exercises for weeks, strengthening the knee joint and restoring normal motor activity after surgery interference.

In order to prevent the development of thrombosis (the formation of blood clots in the vessels) and reduce the severity of the edema of the lower limbs, use special measures (wear compression stockings, apply elastic bandage, pneumatic compression and appoint anticoagulants).

At the very beginning of the postoperative period, it is recommended to restore movements in the foot and ankle. This is necessary to improve blood supply in the muscles of the lower limb and ensure the prevention of thrombosis and edema.

After the operation, prevention of congestion in the lungs is a deep breathing, it is also recommended to cough more often. This improves the clearance of bronchopulmonary secretions, so it does not accumulate in the lungs.

Rules that must be followed to the patient after surgery:

1. Regularly perform simple physical exercises in order to maintain adequate strength and mobility of the new joint.
2. Avoid injuries and falls. If a patient underwent a fracture after knee replacement, this could result in additional surgical intervention.
3. Always inform the dentist about an arthroplasty of the knee joint. Before dental procedures and other surgeries, take antibiotics prophylactically.
4. Visit the orthopedic surgeon annually for examination and examination (x-ray of the knee joint).

More than 90% of cases, strict adherence to the recommendations of the attending physician helps to restore the normal operation of the knee joint and restores his former mobility.

This is possible only if the patient himself is deeply interested in a speedy recovery, and therefore faithfully fulfills all the prescriptions of the doctor for rehabilitation, the duration of which can not be less than 3-4 months.

Between restoration after replacement of the knee joint and after similar operations on other joints, there are no fundamental differences. The difference is only in the specifics of the feasible complex of gymnastic exercises.

Rehabilitation at home

With great success you can recover from surgery and at home.

This option is perfectly suited for all patients, but in practice, it is more often than not that individuals who are 20 to 50 years old choose it.

Effective rehabilitation of the house can be carried out and the elderly, but this is only possible if they can deal with their relatives or a trained instructor.

There are three necessary conditions for the rehabilitation program at home:

1. Regularity: it's important not how much exercise you did, but how systematic and systematic the lessons are.
2. Moderation: all exercises must be performed in an average rhythm, not trying to bring themselves to exhaustion.
3. Patience: a noticeable positive result will not immediately manifest itself - you will have to work hard to achieve it.

So, the reasons for completing a full course of rehabilitation at home:

1. If the family has a rehabilitation specialist.
2. With the excellent health and health status of the convalescent, which almost does not need additional help and care.
3. And on the contrary, the very complex state of health of a convalescent person, who suffers from a prolonged poor state of health and a constant need for help, which he can get only at home.

In order to realize the idea of ​​rehabilitation in the home, it is necessary to bring the home of the recovering person to a state where the risks of injury are minimal.

The main condition is the ability to walk around the house without hindrance. Try to foresee the impact of the operated joint on hard surfaces and sharp corners.

If such furniture and other objects can not be completely removed, the corners should be made soft by fixing the cushioning pads on them.

Doctors recommend taking the following measures to optimize housing for the needs of the operated person:

• Always maintain order, every thing should lie within the reach of the patient, the recovering person should not make dangerous moves in order to take or get anything.
• In an individual house, ensure that the operation is performed on the first floor so that he can use the yard space without getting complications.
• All the places that are accessible to the recovering person should be well illuminated, the floor should be serviceable, not slippery, and the mats must either be completely removed or reliably fixed.
• Equip a seat for the convalescent, it is best to give him a shallow chair with armrests.
• Equip the bathroom with benches, make a seat or bench in the bath. It is also useful to build reliable handrails, so that when standing, there is a support. It is important to make such handrails in the toilet.

Simple gymnastic exercises (LFK) can be performed independently:

1. It is necessary to bend and unbend the ankle joint, starting with 5-6 repetitions. After some time, bring the number of repetitions up to 20.
2. Alternately, strain the femoral muscles of the leg. Try to keep the muscles in tonus up to 5 seconds.
3. Maximize the muscles of the buttocks and try to hold them in this position for up to 5 seconds.
4. Raise straight legs, but not more than 45 degrees. If there is discomfort during this exercise, help your leg with your hands. But in the future, try to lift your legs yourself, without the help of your hands, and then hold your foot in this state for about 5 seconds.
5. Should be bent and unbend knee joint. An excellent aid in performing this exercise is a hinged apparatus or special simulator.
6. Take your leg (straight) to the side and then slightly upward, trying to keep it at the top point.
7. Straight leg retract without flexing the joint also with a delay.

After a while, try to add to them exercises for walking back, squats, exercises on a stationary bike, on the step.

Excellent gymnastic exercises in the water, which allow you to increase the amplitude of movements, train the muscles without overloading the knee.

But to start such training after endoprosthetics is allowed after complete healing of wounds and in the absence of a threat of infection.

One of the important but difficult stages in this kind of rehabilitation is the training of walking on the stairs. Such training can begin only two weeks after the operation, when the patient is confident to stand on his feet.

First, the convalescent learn how to climb up the stairs, and then vice versa - learns the skills of descents.

• On the upstairs step, move a healthy leg.
• Leave the support in the form of crutches or walking stick on one level with the operated leg.
• After it turned out to lean on a healthy leg, transfer to the stage operated.

The tactics of descent are different. So, you need to move the crutches after a healthy leg, and only after that, and the second limb. In most cases, the descent is given to patients more difficult, so this training goes much later.

When can I walk without crutches after a knee replacement?Walk with a cane is possible only after the doctor's permission and gaining confidence in their abilities when walking on crutches with full load.

Regardless of the time that has passed since endoprosthetics, and the condition of the knee joint, patients are prohibited from jumping, practicing tennis, aerobics, running or skiing.

Also, it is strictly forbidden to lift any weights or give a heavy load on the leg.

Features of exercise therapy after endoprosthetics

Daily exercises need to be complicated, and the load on the knee should be increased.

At the initial stages, painful sensations do not allow you to load your foot, so during this period you do not apply massage, and for medication, medications are prescribed.

Therefore, the development of the knee should be done only after taking medication.

Since rehabilitation at home is done without the involvement of a doctor, the patient must independently control his feelings. To reduce soreness, an orthosis or bandage is used, which limits the load.

With severe pain interfering with the necessary complex, compresses or massage are indicated.

In addition to the fact that the convalescent person must control the level of the load on his leg, he must also correct the difficulty of the exercises performed.

Perform any exercise should only be before the onset of mild soreness.

The complex should be repeated until those movements are mastered, and do not provoke unpleasant sensations. After this, it is necessary to increase the load on the operated limb and to complicate the gymnastics, expanding the amplitude of the movements.

In the case of specific problems that are associated with performing gymnastics, for example, the leg is bad began to bend, does not go up the stairs, it is forbidden to carry out the recommended exercises.

In this case it is better to consult a doctor to find out the cause of the problem or clarify the correctness of the technique.

How long does the rehabilitation last?In fact, careful care of the joint in the form of doing exercises should last a lifetime. It is impossible to forget the prosthesis immediately after the end of rehabilitation.

Useful reminders:

1. Six months after the operation, a follow-up examination of the operated knee should be performed by the surgeon.
2. Visit the doctor every year.
3. For several years, every day, do active therapeutic exercises.

Possible complications

In most cases, rehabilitation after the endoprosthesis of the knee joint proceeds smoothly and without complications.

Of course, the importance of the operation of endoprosthetics is of great importance.

Insufficiently experienced surgeon, difficulties in the individual structure of the knee joint, the presence of serious concomitant diseases - these factors can lead to complications after the operation to replace the knee the joint.

Here are some of them:

• inflammatory processes in the bones closest to the knee joint;
• complications of an infectious nature;
• embolism and thrombosis;
• trauma of the vascular-neural bundles.

Such complications develop in about 1 patient out of 100 during the first week after the operation.

For this reason, it is necessary to take them courses that do not exceed one week, not it is recommended to take every day, and take breaks between courses in 2-3 days and strictly under supervision doctor.

If during the recovery exercises you have experienced a strong, sharp pain in the knee and felt that it had lost its habitual capacity for work, then it is necessary to turn to the attending physician.

It also needs to be done in cases where you accidentally, through carelessness or because of a fall, hit an operated knee joint.

Forecast

Regardless of how severe the underlying disease was due to which the surgical intervention to replace the knee joint, the operation is transferred with a positive result in more than 90% patients.

Six months later, in the case of thorough rehabilitation, a full restoration of the joint's working capacity is observed, so a person can return to the habitual way of life.

Recall that after the completion of recovery activities, the patient should regularly, once a year, undergo a preventive examination of a trauma specialist to check if the endoprosthesis wear has occurred, and in that case, one more operation.

A source: http://lechenie-narodom.ru/reabilitatsiya-posle-zameny-kolennogo-sustava-v-domashnih-usloviyah/