Euphorbia is not an independent disease, but only a symptom caused by certain diseases.From the physiological point of view, eyelashes represent a shift in the eyeballs when they protrude forward or are shifted to the side. In medicine, "eyedrop" is called the term "exophthalmos".
Eland hearers are treated not only by ophthalmologists, but also by endocrinologists, oncologists and other specialists. The tactics of treatment are selected depending on the diagnosis.
Content
- 1Definition of disease
- 2Kinds
- 3Causes
- 4Symptoms
- 5Possible complications
- 6Diagnostics
- 7Treatment
- 8Prevention
- 9Video
- 10conclusions
Definition of disease
Euphorbia, or exophthalmos - a protrusion or a strong displacement of the eyeball, provoked by the defeat of the shallow orbit. This pathology occurs in children and adults.
Euphorbia can be pronounced or noticeable only in ophthalmologic examination.Most often, the symptom is a consequence of eye pathologies that are not related to vision.
The eyeball can bulge forward or move slightly to the side; this depends on the localization of the pathological process inside the orbit.
There is a congenital eyelash, which may well be a variant of the physiological norm.
Kinds
The protrusion of the eyeball is one-sided in the case of ophthalmic diseases and bilateral, which is observed with the general pathological state of the organism.
The true exophthalmos caused by the swelling of the orbital tissues located behind the eyeball should be distinguished from the false eyelashes, which develops as a result of an increase in the eyeball.The second option is observed with glaucoma or severe degree of myopia.
In addition, physicians distinguish intermittent exophthalmos.Such a pop-eyed glance is noticeable when the head is tilted from one side.This variant is usually found with varicose veins of the orbit. Another type - pulsating exophthalmos, when the eyeball not only moves forward, but also pulsates in time with the blood flow (happens with aneurysms of the brain vessels).
Normally, the eyeball can extend beyond the orbit by no more than 20 mm. Depending on this indicator, there are 3 degrees of expression of puchograzia. With a slight degree of exophthalmos, the bulging rate is 21-23 mm, the frames of the middle degree terminate 27 mm, and in the case of a severe form of eyelash the indicators go beyond 28 mm.
Causes
Acquired glaucoma is a reflection of pathological changes occurring in the body.The main reasons that can provoke this symptom are:
- Hyperthyroidism with Graves' disease;
- Orbital fractures;
- A brain tumor;
- Aneurysm of cerebral vessels;
- Inflammation of the paranasal sinuses;
- Myopia of a severe degree;
- Thrombosis of cerebral vessels or vessels of the retina;
- Tumors of the eye;
- Glaucoma.
Symptoms
Symptoms that help differentiate eyelashes:
- The appearance of a white lumen between the edge of the eyelid and the iris of the eye (to identify this symptom the patient is asked to look down);
- Darkening of the skin of the eyelids.
Pancupation can be accompanied by such manifestations on the part of the organ of vision, as:
- Strabismus;
- Diplopia, that is, bifurcation of visual images due to a projection disorder;
- Enhanced lacrimation;
- Photophobia;
- Irritation when the cornea dries;
- Discomfortable sensations when blinking;
- Edema of the conjunctiva, eyelids, retina, optic disc.
Possible complications
Goutophilia requires immediate diagnosis and treatment.In addition to unhealthy, unaesthetic, this phenomenon adversely affects the visual functions of the eye and can lead to absolute blindness.
Increased pressure on the optic nerve can cause its atrophy, which subsequently leads to a complete loss of vision.
Exophthalmos is a serious clinical symptom that brings aesthetic discomfort to the patient and to surrounding people, and leads to functional disorders of all structures of the eyeball.
Diagnostics
In the presence of putesygazia, the doctor prescribes the following types of examination:
- Examination by means of an ophthalmoscope;
- Biomicroscopic examination of the eye using a slit lamp;
- Ultrasound of the eye;
- Computed tomography of the brain;
- MRI of the brain;
- X-ray of the skull to exclude fractures of the orbit;
- Detection of the level of thyroid hormones in the blood;
- Determination of the level of iodine excretion in the urine.
To determine the exact cause of puerpergia, a comprehensive diagnostic examination is conducted involving medical specialists of different profiles (ophthalmologists, endocrinologists, therapists, traumatologists, neurologists and other).
Treatment
As already mentioned, not only oculists, but also other specialists are engaged in the treatment of exophthalmos, since in In most cases, this symptom is a sign of a general pathological process occurring in organism.
Accordingly, those or other diseases that lead to bledness require specific treatment methods, which are prescribed by physicians after a series of tests and setting an accurate diagnosis.
If the cause of pcheeglaziya became endocrine ophthalmopathy, physicians prescribe drugs-glucocorticosteroids.
Inflammatory processes are suppressed with the help of anti-inflammatory and antibacterial drugs.
Oncological diseases that caused blunted eyes are subject to treatment typical for these diseases (radiation and chemotherapy, surgery);
If this symptom is provoked by squeezing the optic nerve, the patient is usually offered surgery, during which the fat tissue is removed. As a result, the pressure on the nerve decreases.
If due to the protrusion of the eyeball, the cornea was damaged, the doctors perform a temporary stitching of the eyelids in order to strengthen it.In addition, restorative ointments are prescribed.
Exophthalmus is never a separate disease, but only a symptom. That is why the treatment of this symptom should be carried out against the background of treatment of the revealed underlying pathology. In some cases, eyelash does not require symptomatic treatment at all, as it passes on its own after the elimination of the cause. For example, with thyrotoxicosis: it is only necessary for the patient to lower the level of thyroxine in the blood to normal levels, as the edema of the orbital tissues decreases and the exophthalmus disappears by itself.
Symptomatic treatment of blunted eyes is necessary only if it is accompanied by additional manifestations: pain, inflammation of the eyelids, conjunctiva and cornea, double vision, and also when disfigures the face.In such cases, the patient is prescribed:
- Steroid hormones (Prednisolone, Hydrocortisone);
- Antihistamines (for example, Diazolin);
- Radiotherapy;
- Surgical correction.
False physiological exophthalmos are not treated with protrusions of apples up to 2 mm due to anomalies of the eye slits and skull. This is a physiological phenomenon; nevertheless, the patient should observe the eyes and visit the ophthalmologist annually.
Conservative therapy is indicated for the elimination of edema, inflammation and pain.Surgical correction is used when the treatment with medications is ineffective, as well as with severe manifestation of the symptom.
Prevention
The main place in the prevention of exophthalmia is carefully monitored for patients who have physiological eyelashes.They are part of the high-risk group and need dynamic observation in order to identify the early degree of the disease.
In addition, the prevention of bledness lies in the following activities:
- Eating iodized salt and seafood to prevent goiter;
- Regular visit to the oculist in the presence of risk factors;
- Timely examination of a neurologist;
- Prevention of thromboembolic complications.
Video
conclusions
In conclusion, it should be noted that eyelash is a sign of pathology in the event that the protrusion of the eye is more than 2 mm.In such a situation, the patient needs a thorough diagnostic examination to determine the cause of the pathological condition. After an accurate diagnosis is established, a treatment appropriate to the diagnosis is indicated. In most cases, therapy is not performed by oculists, but by doctors of a different profile, which is due to the cause of exophthalmos.
