Urine color directly depends on the amount of liquid drunk - the more water, the lighter the urine. Dark urine in the morning is a variant of the norm, since a fresh liquid has not been supplied to the body for a long time. But even with the second urination, the color should be noticeably lighter.
What color urine should be, is determined by the presence in it of certain substances in the dissolved state, impurity of blood, pus, mucus and other pathological factors.
Normally, the urine is yellow, clear, without any impurities. The color saturation of urine varies from light yellow to yellow, in the laboratory the indicator is still used - straw-yellow urine.
If the urine becomes dark for a long time and accompanied by other symptoms, it indicates the pathological processes of the body that need to be eliminated. The reasons for this state in men and women, we'll talk in this article.
Why dark urine: the physiological causes of
It should be noted that dark urine does not mean the presence of the disease at 100%, there are also natural causes of turbidity.
For such reasons, can include both external and internal factors of :
- a small consumption of liquids;
- reception of certain products that cause urine turbidity;
- increased air temperature;
- excessive physical activity;
- use of certain medicines for a long time.
Many people have dark yellow urine observed in the morning, and this is a normal phenomenon caused by its large concentration. The same is observed with the consumption of minor amounts of fluid during the day or increased sweating during sports training or in hot weather. All these changes are associated with an increase in the concentration of urochrome in the secreted urine.
Foods that affect the color of urine include legumes, rhubarb, beets, beef, blueberries, carrots, etc. Changes in the color of urine to the dark side are often observed in people who constantly drink concentrated black tea and coffee.
Pathological causes of dark urine
If you have an altered color of urine - the causes can be of 2 main groups:
- Causes associated with the process in the organs of the urinary system ( kidney, bladder, urethra) - nephritis, pyelonephritis, cystitis, tumorsand urolithiasis;
- The causes of a change in the color of urine as a result of general metabolic disorders in the body - jaundice, hemolysis( destruction of erythrocytes), hyperlipidemia.
Causes of darkening of urine may vary depending on the color:
- Dark brown urine is a sign of liver and gallbladder diseases in which the kidneys excrete bile and biliverdin bile pigments;an example of such pathologies can be cholestasis with cholelithiasis( with it on the way outflow of bile there is an obstacle).
- Dark yellow urine is a sign of diseases of the urinary system( both of the bladder and kidneys), in which urine contains an increased amount of salts, urates, and similar precipitates.
Dark color of urine often appears with liver diseases such as cirrhosis and hepatitis, as well as problems with the kidneys that prevent the body from removing excess slag and liquid.
In addition to discoloration, the presence of additional symptoms should be alerted:
- urge to urinate frequent, painful;
- high sweating;
- temperature;
- abdominal pain or kidney projection;
- nausea, vomiting;
- sharp smell of urine.
The main thing in the appearance of dark urine is to pinpoint the cause. If the color disorder is accompanied by fever and soreness and increased frequency of urination, then it is worth doubting twice: here you can not do without medical help.
Dark urine in men: causes of
In men, the causes of brown urine may be various diseases of the prostate, the vas deferens, testicles and other organs, as urine, seminal fluid and the secret of the prostate pass through the urethra. The coloration of urine can acquire a rusty hue due to prostatitis with a characteristic stasis in the prostate gland of the blood.
In addition, in men, brown urine may result from scrotal injury or epididymitis( inflammation of the epididymis).
Dark urine in women: causes of
Changes in the color of urine in women, as a rule, occurs with inflammatory diseases. Possible causes of the disorder:
- fluid deficiency in the body and a high level of urochromes;
- use of products with dyes;
- jaundice viral etiology or hepatitis;
- hemolytic anemia and elevated bilirubin level;
- urinary tract infection;
- vasculitis;
- gestation period;
- kidney disease;
- pancreatic cancer and liver;
- dietary factors;
- various injuries.
To determine the true cause of the abnormality, the doctor prescribes a general and biochemical study of urine and blood. Based on the results of the analysis, a plan for the therapy and prevention of the disorder is drawn up.
List of diseases
A change in the color of urine may indicate the passage of pathological processes in the body. These include:
- liver damage - hepatitis and cirrhosis;
- diseases of the gallbladder and bile ducts - cholelithiasis, cholestasis;
- tumor processes in the liver, pancreas, kidneys, etc.;
- hemolytic anemia;
- kidney disease - nephrolithiasis, glomerulonephritis, polycystosis;
- urinary tract infection;
- intoxication with copper salts;
- metabolic disorders - porphyria, tyrosinemia, hemochromatosis;
- dehydration.
It makes sense to consult a doctor about any changes in the urine, if this is not related to the diet and / or taking the medication.
Treatment of
To identify the causes of a dark shade of urine is necessary in order to assign adequate and timely treatment of possible diseases, as well as eliminate adverse factors that negatively affect health.
You need to be alerted when other symptoms change the color of urine:
- fever, chills, headaches, fatigue;
- yellowing of the skin, sclera and mucous membranes;
- skin itching;
- pain in the lumbar region, in the abdomen or right upper quadrant;
- nausea, vomiting;
- frequent urination accompanied by pain, cuts or burning.
Depending on the reason for which dark urine is observed, treatment is carried out by various means and methods.
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