Hemorrhoids - photos, symptoms and treatment in 2018

Hemorrhoids 2 Hemorrhoids - a delicate problem that affects about 15% of the adult population of the planet. It is believed that this disease - the payment of humanity for uprightness, but judging by the risk groups, it is more a fee for a sedentary lifestyle.

Hemorrhoids are considered occupational diseases of drivers, programmers, accountants and other people who spend a lot of time in a sitting position. This is the disease, about which they say that you can not see it yourself or show it to others. Nevertheless, this disease is by no means as cheerful as it was used to make fun of.

So, what is hemorrhoids? This varicose nodular enlargement of the veins of the lower part of the rectum. Distinguish hemorrhoids: internal (submucous) and external (subcutaneous). In the first case, they are usually not visible, and the main symptom is blood on feces, toilet paper or in the toilet. External nodes are noticeable as painful swelling or firm tubercles around the anus. They can itch, bleed, cause severe pain during defecation and movement.

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Today we will consider hemorrhoids: photos, symptoms and treatment of the disease by various means, including at home.

Causes

The veins in the lower part of the rectum under pressure are stretched and inflamed, forming hemorrhoids. TOcauses of hemorrhoids are:

excessive tension during defecation;
chronic diarrhea or constipation;
obesity;
work associated with the constant lifting of weights;
hypodynamia (sedentary lifestyle or sedentary work);
pregnancy and childbirth (with strong pressure on the veins of the lower part of the rectum);
heredity.

Hemorrhoids develop due to weakness of rectum muscles (aging of the body), and also as a result of systematic external action on the anus.

Types of the disease

The classification of this disease implies a subdivision into the external and internal hemorrhoids. Often it is accompanied by the appearance of knots and cones, which are very painful and can provoke bleeding and difficulty of acts of defecation.

Internal hemorrhoidsdiffers in that the nodes are located in the lower part of the rectum and do not go outside. They are less painful, but often bleed during acts of emptying the intestine and a few minutes after that. During defecation, the internal nodes of the hemorrhoids may fall out and their infringement may occur. This provokes the strongest painful sensations.
External type of hemorrhoidseasily determined by the naked eye. The nodes are located around the lower sphincter of the rectum. This species is the most painful. Knots are often injured by tight and coarse underwear. External cones more often than internal nodes are subject to transformation into cancer tumors

Depending on the type of ailment, it will directly depend on how and what to treat hemorrhoids.

Symptoms

If a person has hemorrhoids, then the first signs consist in the manifestation of a certain clinical picture:

discharge of blood from the rectum after defecation;
sensation of a foreign body in the anus;
prolapse of hemorrhoids from the anal canal;
irritation and pain in the anus.

If these signs are found, you should consult a proctologist to diagnose hemorrhoids, and tell you how to treat it.

Symptoms of hemorrhoids

In the case of hemorrhoids, the symptoms most often develop gradually. A person may notice signs such as discomfort in the rectum and anus, feeling foreign body, heaviness or itching in the anus, episodic discharge of blood after the toilet (see. a photo).

In the initial stage of hemorrhoids, these symptoms are noted only in cases of intestinal disorders (constipation or diarrhea), after physical exertion (especially weight lifting), long stay in a sitting position (long flight, car trip), food excesses (alcohol, spicy food), overheating or overcooling (bath, hot bath, winter fishing).

Sometimes the disease manifests itself suddenly. These factors lead to the appearance of an enlarged painful hemorrhoidal node and bleeding. Symptoms of hemorrhoids are rapidly growing, an acute violation of the outflow of blood from hemorrhoids (thrombosis), inflammation and infringement of hemorrhoids.

Hemorrhoids photo: initial stage

So, what does this ailment look like? The initial, and also other stages of hemorrhoids you can see in the photo.

To view, click on Spoiler

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Stages of

In medical practice, usually hemorrhoids are divided in stages, all stages four.

1 st stage: from time to time the discharge of blood and bleeding, when emptying, the allocation is not a big drop or several. At the first stage, the hemorrhoidal node is formed.
In 2 stagesthe symptoms of hemorrhoids are more serious, it's like falling out of hemorrhoidal evil during defecation and bloody discharge. Dropped hemorrhoids can be inserted inside yourself.
Symptomatology3 stages- the dropped hemorrhoidal nodes do not disappear on their own after the defecation, and you have to resort to a manual reference, with the allocation of blood.
Manifestations4 stages- Hemorrhoidal nodes in the form of cones fall out not only when going to the toilet, but also with prolonged walking and sitting, persistent coughing, lifting of gravity.

Although hemorrhoids have a rather pronounced symptomatology, nevertheless, it can be confused with a tumor of the rectum or large intestine. And only the doctor can tell, hemorrhoids it or not, to appoint or nominate necessary treatment. Do not make yourself a diagnosis, because you can make a mistake.

Diagnostics

Diagnosis of hemorrhoids by finger research, which allows to detect hemorrhoids in 90 out of 100 cases. Often, patients with hemorrhoids are referred to a rectal ultrasound or a sigmoidoscopy.

At external survey pay attention to a condition of integuments of a perianal area (a hyperpigmentation, lichenizatsija, moknutie, etc.), the form of back passage, its gaping, the presence of cicatricial changes and deformities, the presence of neoplasms and papillomatous growths, the presence of fistula apertures, the nature separated from them, the severity of hemorrhoids, their bleeding, ulcer, soreness, the possibility of repositioning in the anal canal.

Treatment of hemorrhoids

With hemorrhoids, treatment can be divided into conservative and operative (hemorrhoidal nodes are removed). In 2018, conservative agents are often used. Surgical methods are used in the presence of large, dropping nodes, the lack of success from conservative treatment, with heavy bleeding.

Selection of the complex of treatment depends on the stage of the disease: at the first stage, experts usually recommend the use of rectal suppositories or creams, a special diet and moderate exercise. In this case, the basis of treatment is phlebotrophic drugs, which increase the tone of the veins and normalize blood flow and microcirculation in cavernous bodies.

Minimally invasive surgery, as a rule,apply to the II-III stage of hemorrhoids, in some cases - as a preparatory stage for radical intervention. The most common methods to date are: ligation of latex rings, proximal ligation, sclerotherapy, infrared photocoagulation, cryotherapy.

Latex ring ligation- a minimally invasive procedure for the treatment of hemorrhoids with the help of a special device of the ligator. The principle of the procedure: a latex ring worn on the hemorrhoidal node, squeezes the vascular pedicle of the node, depriving it of food, and within a few days the unit itself is rejected. After a while, the place of the hemorrhoidal node replaces the connective tissue. The procedure takes 5-10 minutes, is performed on an outpatient basis, does not require anesthesia.
Sclerotherapy: this method consists in introducing a sclerosing agent (1.5-2 ml) into the hemorrhoidal node, which causes gluing and flattening of the vessels. Introduction is recommended in no more than 2 hemorrhoids, since it is possible to develop a pain syndrome. Possible repeated sclerotherapy after 12-14 days after the first session.
Infrared photocoagulation- the stem of the hemorrhoidal node is brought to the stem before contact with the mucous membrane. Thermal energy acts on the leg of the node, causing the desolation and gluing of vessels feeding the hemorrhoidal node. The method is most effective at the first stage of chronic hemorrhoids.
Cryotherapy: the hemorrhoidal node is frozen for 2-3 minutes, after thawing, the node dies off and a wound is formed at the site of the exposure. This effect is most often carried out under local anesthesia.

The last stage of the disease requires radical surgery, the main purpose of which is the removal of hemorrhoids. These operations include hemorrhoidectomy (surgical intervention, in which parts of the perianal skin and mucosa are removed shells of the anal opening located above the hemorrhoids) and transanal resection of the mucosa by the Longo method.

It should be remembered that only a doctor can establish a diagnosis and choose the appropriate treatment, so timely treatment will help quickly and qualitatively cure the disease, and prevent the development of complications.

Candles from hemorrhoids

In the treatment of hemorrhoids, rectal suppositories are most popular. They are used in conjunction with other conservative methods of treatment - ointments, compresses, poultices, sedentary baths.

The most effective candles:

Procto-gliwenol;
Relief, Relief Ultra, Relief Advance;
Neo-anusole;
Anuzole;
Natalside;
Proctosedil M;
Ultraproject;
Olesesin;
Betiol;
Proctosan;
Gebreolone;
Sea-buckthorn oil (candles);
Simpletons.

These drugs are topical, they are effective, quickly absorbed and have the maximum therapeutic effect, removing the symptoms of the disease, and also facilitating the patient's condition.

How to treat hemorrhoids at home

Although, the most reasonable is the medical professional treatment of hemorrhoids, nevertheless, people, whether from modesty, whether from lack time and the impossibility of running around the doctors, try to treat hemorrhoids at home on their own using the folk remedies.

To remove the pain and inflammation with hemorrhoids at home will help a candle made of raw potatoes. The candle does the size of a finger, without sharp corners. Introduce a candle at night, to facilitate the procedure for the introduction of a potato candle can be oiled with sunflower oil, it will come out with feces when defecating or straining, but it can be left for the whole day - walking does not interfere.
An anesthetic and hemostatic effect gives people's treatment of hemorrhoids with the help of cold or warm baths. For this purpose, cold (warm) water is poured into the pelvis and the patient sits down in the anus area for 5 minutes. You can do this bath twice a day until the complete cessation of bleeding and pain.
People's remedy for treating hemorrhoids at home can be considered and recipes from onions. It perfectly kills microbes, disinfects and supports the immune system. We need pottery. In a pot of clay pour 2 liters of milk, and dip four large bulbs. The pot is closed and put in the oven. When the milk boils, the product is ready. Now you need a cover made of wood with a hole for the exit of steam. Treatment is a steam bath. The session should be repeated every three days. Usually, 3, 4 sessions are enough to cure the beginning hemorrhoids.
Rectal suppositories from propolis have proved to be very successful. Propolis, pre-crushed, mixed with melted fat. Candles made from propolis contribute to the removal of the pain syndrome, and reduce the size of the hemorrhoids.
Bark of buckthorn and nettle leaf in a ratio of 1: 1 (1 tablespoon) pour boiling water (0.5 liters) and boil over low heat for 10 minutes. The folk remedy for hemorrhoids is indicated for the treatment of hemorrhoidal pains complicated by constipation (with the absence of "cones"). Receiving 1/2 cup for 30 minutes. before meals, three times a day.

It should be understood that folk remedies are needed to alleviate the symptoms, and to cure hemorrhoids, one should turn to specialists for the appointment of adequate, complex therapy.

We do useful exercises

Gymnastic exercises are aimed at preventing constipation and strengthening the anal sphincter. For example, improving the outflow of blood and strengthening the muscle layer of the press can normalize the work of the intestine, and prevent constipation:

"Bicycle" is a pretty well-known exercise, which is very similar to riding a bicycle, though lying on its back;
Exercise "scissors" is carried on the back with raised legs, which need to be bred and crossed in turns;
You can also lie on the floor (on your back), put your feet together straight, lift one leg or the other, if possible, reaching a right angle in the hip joints. Or bend your knees and spread them apart, while trying as much as possible to tear the pelvis off the floor.

So the person is arranged that he feels his "fifth point" in any position and is able to manage it, so gymnastics for strengthening the anus does not require any adaptations and can be performed anywhere, and others are unlikely to notice it.

So, the exercises for strengthening the sphincter:

Stand up, cross your legs and perform rhythmic relaxation and tension of the gluteal muscles;
Choose the stiffest chair, sit down, leaning forward slightly (you can easily do it at your desk), try alternately for 10 seconds to shorten and relax the sphincter, trying to push the anus into the rectum. The exercise should be given 20 minutes, which if you want, you can always find.

Diet and lifestyle

As if patients with hemorrhoids did not like their work, the question can be posed unequivocally: to seek another profession. Unfortunately, this is so, because it is the sphere of activity, which is the cause of the disease, that makes a person change his life abruptly. There's nothing to be done, even if the measures taken and the ongoing treatment do not have the proper effect. However, changing the profession, the patient feels that forget about the disease does not work, because it continues to remind oneself. So you need to learn to live with him.

You should start with a diet that excludes all products that provoke hemorrhoids. Long-suffering from their own observations, they found out what foods can not be eaten, but it will be superfluous to recall that they will lead to an aggravation:

Porridge of rice and semolina;
Macaroni, potatoes, beans;
Sorrel, radish, turnip, white cabbage;
Kissel;
Cocoa, coffee, strong tea;
Chocolate, especially bitter;
Alcohol of all names and brands;
Ketchup and other spicy sauces and seasonings;
Any sharp, salty, sour dishes;
Food that promotes staple feces in the intestines.

In addition to nutrition, it does not hurt to pay attention to the prevention of hypodynamia and master the complex of physical exercises, which will include a special gymnastics against hemorrhoids, which is described a little higher.

What consequences?

Having become acquainted with what symptoms with hemorrhoids arise in the first place, and how generally this progresses the disease, the reader, for sure, will become interesting and the consequences to which this can lead. Here it should immediately be noted that hemorrhoids are not a fatal-dangerous disease, but its complications are, to one degree or another, dangerous:

Infringement of hemorrhoidsin the anus is due to the inflammatory or reflex spasm of the anal sphincter. Patients complain of intolerable pain and the presence of fallen nodes in the anus. If you do not help the patient in time, thrombosis may occur.
Bleeding from hemorrhoids, which can be insignificant in the form of drops or a thin jet, and in rare cases - massive. This complication is almost always associated with an act of defecation. Bleeding during hemorrhoids does not affect the patient's condition, but sometimes can lead to anemia.
Falling hemorrhoids from the anus. This complication is typical for the 2-3 stages of the disease. At the initial stages of hemorrhoid development, the nodes drop out after going to the toilet, but with the progression of the disease, nodes occurs during a slight physical exertion and even sneezing, coughing, and intense laughter. Patients have to manually adjust the hemorrhoidal nodes to the rectal canal.
Thrombosis of hemorrhoidsis the most severe complication of hemorrhoids, in which there are not only local changes in the anus, but also a violation of the general condition of the patient. The condition requires urgent medical attention. When examining the anorectal area, the hemorrhoidal nodes are strained, swollen, enlarged in size, dark red, sometimes with areas of necrosis. Patients may experience general malaise, decreased appetite, fever, nausea, vomiting.

To what doctor to address?

If you are worried about discomfort, heaviness, itching and pain in the anus, constipation, or if you notice bleeding during or after bowel movement, you should consult a proctologist. It is this specialist that identifies and treats hemorrhoids.