How to diagnose pneumonia

How to quickly identify pneumonia in the home?

How to identify pneumonia in the home? Pneumonia is a common infectious disease that affects the lung tissue. The inflammatory process develops in the alveoli and bronchi, leading to the appearance of pathological changes in them. Inflammation of the lungs is most common in children, but it is often diagnosed in adults. The causative agents of the disease are mycoplasmas, staphylococci and viruses. Depending on the type of microorganisms entering the lung tissue, the symptoms may vary.

Causes of pneumonia

Pneumonia occurs not only when it comes in contact with pathogens and viruses, it can also occur in bedridden patients with impaired pulmonary circulation. Therefore, the patient is often advised to turn over. This will help to avoid the formation of pressure sores that cause blood infection. The treatment takes about a month and includes the use of antibiotics, immunomodulators and restorative drugs, as well as physiotherapy. A good effect is given and some folk remedies.

The main signs of the disease are: pain behind the sternum, painful cough with sputum separation, severe fever, increased fatigue, pain in the muscles and joints.

If you have at least one of these symptoms, we recommend that you consult your doctor immediately.

Weakened immunity contributes to the rapid development of the disease, exacerbating its course of bad habits: smoking and alcoholism. The inhalation of tobacco smoke promotes irritation of bronchial mucous membranes. Other reasons for the development of pneumonia are: surgical interventions, chronic heart and vascular disease, endocrine disorders, malnutrition, poor environmental conditions. Inflammation of the lungs can be bacterial, viral and atypical. It can be quite difficult to understand what kind of disease the patient has. Signs of pneumonia can not be recognized, confused with the symptoms of colds and SARS. However, there are specific signs of how to recognize pneumonia.

How is pneumonia diagnosed?

So, let's figure out what to do if you are faced with such a disease as pneumonia, how to determine pneumonia? Clinical manifestations depend on the degree of damage to the lung tissue and the age of the patient. In children and older people, this disease is more severe. One of the characteristic signs of pneumonia is pain when coughing. Rare coughs eventually pass into a painful, debilitating cough. In addition, the body temperature rises sharply to 39-40 ° C and is accompanied by a fever. There are pains in the chest and stomach with inspiration, sneezing and coughing.

In the next stages of the disease, the patient experiences constant aching pain behind the sternum, breathing becomes more frequent. Sputum contains impurities of pus and has a yellow or brown color. When the temperature rises, the skin becomes dry and begins to peel off. Developing intoxication, which manifests itself in the form of rapid heartbeats and headaches. Dehydration begins.

In addition to the characteristic symptoms of pneumonia, there is a decrease in appetite, the appearance of an unhealthy blush on the cheeks, especially from the inflamed lung. Due to a strong decrease in immunity, stomatitis and eruptions on the lips may appear. Urine is released in small amounts and has a dark color.

In order to avoid serious complications, it is necessary to pass the examination and immediately begin treatment. Focal forms of the disease affect individual lobes of the lung and can occur without pronounced symptoms. Under the influence of some factors, focal inflammation can become aggravated and quickly capture the entire lung.

How to cure pneumonia on an outpatient basis? For proper treatment of pneumonia, complex therapy is required. The course of treatment is selected individually, depending on the causative agent of the disease and the main symptoms. Usually appoint several drugs compatible with each other. They can be picked up only by a doctor, in addition, in some cases, treatment should be adjusted.

Why take antibiotics?

Focal pneumonia, previously considered a fatal disease, with the help of modern antibiotics is completely cured. The main task of doctors is to select an effective antibiotic. Many pathogens of infection eventually become resistant to certain antibiotics, especially if they are not taken correctly.

Before the beginning of therapy it is necessary to hand over sputum for analysis. Sowing on nutrient media will help identify the causative agent of infection and select an antibacterial drug.

Light forms of pneumonia occur when the body gets mycoplasma, chlamydia and pneumococci. These pneumonia have their own characteristics, with the help of which doctors distinguish them from other forms of pneumonia. When pneumococcal infections are prescribed antibiotics penicillin series. If the disease is caused by mycoplasmas, antibiotics of the tetracycline series, fluoroquinolones and macrolides will be effective. Macrolides and fluoroquinolones are suitable for the destruction of chlamydia. The duration of treatment depends on how quickly the symptoms begin to subside. It is recommended to take antibiotics for at least a week.

How to remove phlegm?

An important part of the treatment is the excretion of phlegm from the lungs. Accumulation of sputum in the lungs promotes the multiplication of bacteria and aggravation of the course of the disease. Now, in the treatment of pneumonia, ambroxol is most commonly prescribed. This drug dilutes sputum, without increasing its volume, activates the peristalsis of the bronchi, which promotes rapid elimination sputum from the bronchi, stimulates the production of surfactant - a substance that prevents the gluing of the walls of the alveoli. Due to these properties, this drug can replace most mucolytics and antitussives. It can be used by inhalation or in the form of tablets and syrups.

A good effect in pneumonia is given by warming up and physiotherapy methods of treatment. They can be prescribed after lowering body temperature. At home, you can put banks and mustard plasters, carrying out these procedures in turn. Then go to the procedures conducted in the clinic. With pneumonia, UHF, electrophoresis with drugs, magnetotherapy, etc. are prescribed. In the recovery period, you can go through paraffin therapy and mud therapy. Exercise of respiratory exercises begins immediately after bringing the body temperature back to normal.

Folk methods of treatment of pneumonia

Reception of antibiotics can be combined with the use of such drugs:

1. 1 tbsp. a spoonful of St. John's wort and 3 tbsp. Spoonful of elecampane pour , l. boiling water. Broth boil on low heat for 30-40 minutes. Melt 2 cups of lime honey in a water bath. Add 1 cup of vegetable oil to the liquid honey. Then decoction of St. John's wort and elecampane strain and add to it the mixture of honey and butter obtained. Infuse the medicine in the refrigerator for 2 weeks in a glass container, then take 5 times a day for 1 hour. spoon. The course of treatment is 2 weeks.
2. 250 g. Leave aloe leaves finely chopped, mix with 0.5 liters. Cahors and 350 g. liquid honey. Infuse for 2 weeks, strain and take 1 tbsp. spoon 3 times a day.

Rehabilitation of the patient

After treatment of pneumonia, it is recommended to eat a small piece of propolis daily, and also to inflate balloons. This exercise is necessary to increase the volume of the lungs and restore their functions.

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Tip 1: How to identify pneumonia

The respiratory system is very vulnerable to viruses and bacteria. Virtually any microorganism can cause a type of pneumonia. However, there are common signs that allow suspected pneumonia.

Instructions

1. Try to take a deep breath. When pneumonia attempts to collect a lot of air into the lungs leads to a fit of coughing. In general, coughing, often with wheezing and copious sputum discharge, becomes the main symptom of the disease. In this case, people feel pain or "inconvenience" in the chest.
2. Remember how many days your "catarrhal disease" lasts. If it lasts for more than a week, there is a worsening of health immediately after its improvement, it is likely that your lungs are inflamed.
3. Look at how strongly the pallor of the skin is expressed against the background of other symptoms of acute respiratory viral infection (temperature, headache, runny nose, cough). In children, the nasolabial triangle mostly turns white and even slightly blue.
4. Pay attention to general weakness, decreased ability to work, quick fatigue, severe sweating, deterioration of appetite and sleep disturbance. These symptoms can be a sign of pneumonia.
5. Measure the temperature. In case of inflammation of the lungs at a low body temperature, shortness of breath or confused breathing is observed even at rest. At a high temperature (38-39.5 degrees), often such antipyretic agents as paracetamol, ibuprofen and the like do not help.

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The main signs of pneumonia in children

Symptoms of pneumonia in children may differ from signs of infection in adults. Inflammation of the lungs, or pneumonia, impairs the quality of life of the child every 20 seconds.

Unlike adults, children who have pneumonia may not suffer from aching cough or fever and may have infection symptoms that are much more subtle to the definition.

Children are in a greater risk zone for pneumonia, since their immune system is not fully developed yet, and the protective functions of the body are weak.

In general, the signs of pneumonia in children vary according to age, but there are many factors judging by which it can be determined whether your child develops more or is just a runny nose.

How to identify pneumonia in a child in mild form?

Inflammation of the lungs, which is caused by certain bacteria, including mycoplasma and chlamydia, usually leads to more moderate signs of manifestation, not only among adults, but also among children.

The type of pneumonia known as atypical or ongoing pneumonia is common among school-age children.

Children with "walking" pneumonia may not feel sick to stay at home, but they may exhibit the following symptoms:

• Dry cough.
• Subfebrile fever.
• Headache.
• Fatigue.

Mycoplasma pneumonia is responsible for approximately 15 to 50 percent of all cases of pneumonia in adults, but its level is even higher among school-age children.

Therefore, the "walking" pneumonia, which most often develops at the end of summer and autumn, spreads from person to person.

Outbreaks of the first signs of pneumonia can brightly occur within groups that have close contact, such as schools or camps.Children who are already infected with the infection always bring it home and contribute to the common infection of the family without appropriate measures.

How is moderate pneumonia manifested in children?

Viruses cause most cases of pneumonia in preschool children up to five years of age and in infants over four months.

Symptoms of pneumonia in children are usually associated with other viruses and include the following:

• Angina.
• Cough.
• Subfebrile fever.
• Nasal congestion.
• Diarrhea.
• Loss of appetite.
• Lack of energy or fatigue.

Signs of pneumonia in children in severe form

Bacterial pneumonia is more common among school-age children and adolescents.

This type of pneumonia often develops more sharply and has more serious symptoms than the previous forms:

• Heat.
• Cough that produces yellowish or green mucus.
• Abundant sweating or chills.
• Reddened skin.
• Bluish shade at the lips or at the nail lodges.
• Hysterectomy.
• Labored breathing.

It is worth noting

Children with bacterial pneumonia usually look much more sick than those who have other forms of the disease.

Infants and infants may not show typical symptoms of pneumonia infection. It is also quite problematic to determine whether the children have a disease, because they can not tell their true state of health, unlike an older child.

The following signs of pneumonia in children may indicate pneumonia:

• A quick look.
• Lack of energy, melancholy and drowsiness.
• The cry is more pronounced than usual.
• He does not want to eat or eat small portions.
• Irritation and anxiety.
• Vomiting.

For the treatment of children who have only recently been hospitalized, antibiotics are often used, especially if the children have already had asthma or another chronic illness. The second method, which uses antibiotics - if children were not fully vaccinated against measles, chicken pox, whooping cough and seasonal flu.

The only way to know for sure is if the child has pneumonia - this is a visit to the doctor.A pediatrician or general practitioner can check for fluids in the baby's lungs using a stethoscope or an X-ray.

Paying due attention to the early symptoms of pneumonia in children, parents can avoid traveling to the emergency room.

However, pneumonia can progress very quickly among children, especially infants.

Two key signs that a child requires immediate medical attention:

• Increased temperature in the nostrils with breathing.
• Small children with pneumonia will breathe quickly. Doctors say that if you see that the abdominal muscles of a child work hard, it means that they have problems with breathing.

Treatment for pneumonia depends on what caused the infection and can fluctuate from outpatient treatment to surgery.

While certain antibiotics can effectively treat fungal pneumonia, medications are usually ineffective in considering viral types of pneumonia, which tend to be more moderate and pass on their own.

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How to determine pneumonia in a child

Pneumonia affects children of all ages. And the younger the child, the harder he tolerates this disease. This is related both to the anatomical features of the respiratory system and to still insufficiently strong immunity, which is not capable of fully resisting diseases. The first symptoms resemble the usual respiratory disease, which infants often fall ill. Because of this, it is not always possible to identify pneumonia at an early stage. However, there are characteristic signs indicating an inflammatory process in the lungs.

Instructions

1. The nature of manifestation and course of pneumonia in a child largely depends on his age, the cause and place of localization of the inflammatory process, as well as the condition of the baby at the time of the development of the disease. In premature infants and infants, the disease is more severe.
2. In the beginning there are general symptoms of pneumonia: lethargy or excitement, lack of appetite, deterioration of sleep. To them gradually, and sometimes immediately signs of inflammation of the upper respiratory tract: sneezing, dry cough, runny nose. They are accompanied by a sharp increase in temperature to 39-40 ° C, which lasts for several days.
3. Due to severe intoxication, the work of the gastrointestinal tract is disrupted, manifested by nausea, vomiting, stool disorder, bloating. These symptoms are associated with exposure to toxins on the gastric mucosa.
4. The inflammatory process in the lungs disrupts normal breathing, as a result the baby becomes restless, a characteristic blue appears around the nasolabial triangle, the wings of the nose swell. These signs indicate an oxygen deficiency of the first degree, which develops with pneumonia. Breathing becomes frequent, arrhythmic, moaning. If these symptoms occur, you should pay attention to the chest. With the defeat of the lungs, it becomes swollen with characteristic intercostal spaces.
5. In the absence of timely treatment at the onset of the disease, a second stage of pneumonia occurs. It manifests itself as signs of oxygen deficiency of the second degree. Breathing becomes arrhythmic with periodic stops. Cyanosis appears not only around the nasolabial triangle, but all over the body. The condition of the baby becomes heavy and begins to threaten his life.
6. Often against the background of a sharp rise in temperature and severe intoxication, convulsions and meningeal syndrome appear: the tension of the occipital muscles, the state of stupor, the swelling of the fontanelle (in infants).
7. Determine the pneumonia in a child for sure is capable only of a doctor, so when coughing and runny nose, accompanied by high fever, it is worth appealing to him immediately. Even with an unconfirmed diagnosis, timely treatment of a common cold will help to avoid secondary pneumonia, which develops as a complication.

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Causes and treatment of pneumonia right-sided

Pneumonia right-sided is a common lung disease. Inflammation of the lungs, also called pneumonia, is characterized by the development of pathogenic microorganisms in the vital organ of man. Pneumonia affects the lungs and can be one-sided, that is, localized in one lung or bilateral. Most often observed right-sided pneumonia.

Inflammation of lungs is provoked by bacteria, viruses and various fungi. In the recent past, the disease was fatal, since there were no methods of treatment. But today only a small percentage of people are threatened with death.The earlier the doctor diagnoses the disease, the faster the recovery will follow.

Causes of right-sided pneumonia

Inflammation occurs after infection of the body with a virus and transmitted by airborne droplets. With the banal sneezing of a patient with pneumonia, harmful microorganisms are released and enter the lungs of another person. Then they multiply and fill the organ, causing inflammation. It is necessary to use all precautions so that it does not become infected if someone is sick at home.

With a weakened immune system, microorganisms that live on the human mucosa begin to attack the body.

In the normal state of health, there should not be problems, but weakened immunity can not overcome them. Thus, the body affects bactericidal pneumonia.

The cause of the disease can be fungi, which penetrate into the body and begin to "host" there. These microorganisms can also be present in a house where there is increased dampness.

It is not difficult for them to provoke a disease, it is enough only that the body is weakened. Being a long time in a room with harmful fungi, the body can well get negative consequences.

Symptoms of pneumonia

Pneumonia has its own distinctive symptoms, which make it possible to diagnose. One of the most important signs of the disease is chest pain, if you want to take a deep breath. But there are cases when only one of the symptoms manifests, then carry out additional studies.

The main symptoms of pneumonia:

• high body temperature, which indicates an inflammatory process;
• cough due to which pneumonia can be confused with acute bronchitis;
• coryza;
• Shortness of breath, doctors fix tachycardia;
• pain in the chest with deep breathing;
• wheezing in the lungs.

Since there are almost no symptoms at an early stage of the disease, there is a certain danger to health. By the appearance of the patient you can see that he is quickly tired and has no appetite. Symptoms do not always manifest in young children. Parents need to be careful and sound anxiety for any ailments. Children can not always explain what hurts, so the responsibility to monitor their health rests with the parents.

How to diagnose right-sided pneumonia?

The most effective method of diagnosing pneumonia remains radiography. In the picture you can see how the disease itself, and its localization on the lung, the area of ​​the organ damage. Radiography is the most accessible method of diagnosis.

The luminescence in the picture indicates the presence of an inflammatory process. Therefore, if there is a suspicion of pneumonia, the doctor must prescribe an X-ray study that records the presence of the disease.

To find out what caused the disease, it is necessary to make an analysis of sputum, which is coughing up. If the cough is of a dry type, then analysis can not be done. Thanks to such diagnostics, it is possible to accurately identify the causative agent of pneumonia and start to expel it from the body.

The blood is taken for analysis on a mandatory basis. If the number of white corpuscles is increased, a malfunction is observed in the body. An overestimated index of ESR also indicates inflammation. With any malaise, you need to do a blood test: this will tell you where the problem lies.

Early diagnosis helps to save time and quickly start effective treatment.

Small children also have pneumonia. Parents should be alerted if the child has a high body temperature, and antipyretic drugs are not effective. If with the illness of an older child you can try to cope on your own, then if the baby's fever, immediately call for an "ambulance".

Treatment of pneumonia with medicinal preparations

Antibiotics are the most effective drugs in the treatment of pneumonia. Since the causes of the disease are different, respectively, and the treatment must be selected depending on the pathogenic microorganism. Until recently, penicillin was a miracle cure for all bacteria, but today microorganisms are more resistant and do not react to one type of antibiotic. Increasingly, second and third generation drugs are used.

Pneumonia right-sided is dangerous because bacteria have the ability to spread rapidly throughout the bronchial tree. Therefore, it is important to eliminate the malaise at an early stage. There is a danger that the inflammation from the right side can go to the left.

Before receiving the results of the analysis, pneumonia is treated with broad-spectrum antibiotics. If such therapy is ineffective, then a group of antibiotics is changed. It happens that it is impossible to pass an analysis on sputum, so doctors need to think carefully about the scheme of treatment. Right-sided pneumonia is treated with levofloxacin, sulfamethoxazole, amoxicillin. Such treatment is effective only with bactericidal infection.

If the cause of the disease is a virus inside the body, antibiotics will not bring visible results. It is necessary to start antiviral therapy. Bactericidal pneumonia is easier to cure than viral. Spores of fungi that cause inflammation of the lungs, multiply rapidly within the body, so you need to start treatment with a remedy against a specific type of fungus.

With such a disease it is better not to joke, there is no place for self-treatment. The patient can not prescribe medications for himself, even if he is ill not for the first time, since the etiology of the disease can be committed by another. With prolonged illness and improper treatment, a lethal outcome is possible.

Prevention of pneumonia

The best prevention against any malaise is to strengthen immunity. If a person has strong immunity, then illnesses will not attack him. The body itself can overcome the unexpected guests - microorganisms, only if it is strong enough.

To have a good protective function, you need to eat right. Food should be balanced and contain both proteins, fats and carbohydrates, as well as vitamins, microelements. From time to time drink the vitamin complex, especially during the vitamin deficiency. Drink a sufficient amount of water, since the liquid has the ability to rinse the body and free from bacteria.

Moderate exercise, only improve the performance of all organs. Physical exercises always benefit, choose the kind of sport that is not contraindicated for you. Hiking and cycling will not only strengthen the muscles, but also help to cope with stress. The usual everyday exercise in the morning prolongs a person's life for several years.

One more thing that should not be forgotten is a dream. No wonder he is called a great healer. It is scientifically proven that if a person suffers from constant lack of sleep, then he has more opportunities to get sick than others. Thanks to a dream, the body recovers and recruits energy for active work during the day. An adult person needs to sleep from seven to nine hours a day, then no disease will not scare you.

Be healthy!

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