Medications from SARS are inexpensive and effective

Review of antiviral drugs in cases of influenza and influenza

Any disease, especially ARVI and the Flu is easier, cheaper and safer not to treat, but not to prevent, to prevent its occurrence. Recently, especially worried about the "point" - it's safer. Should I take antiviral pills at all? In today's complex world, how to understand the issues:

• Will the effect of using an expensive antiviral drug?
• Which drug is better for adults to take flu, children?
• Do not it cause harm to health?
• Is there the best cure for flu?
• Effective antiviral drugs - is it advertising, business, dummy or not?

Antiviral drugs for Orvy on the Russian pharmaceutical market are as follows:

Virtually all antiviral drugs for orvi and flu have no evidence base for their antiviral efficacy. Studies are very expensive, conducted by the manufacturers themselves and those interested in the positive conclusion of the parties. Today, most clinical trials of new drugs are regularly falsified in order to bring "miraculous" drugs to the market with a new price tag. Given the fabulous commercial benefits of selling expensive antiviral drugs during the epidemic, honesty and objectivity of research is not believed. As you know, pharmacological publications, even in medical journals today, are about 90 percent - these are custom-made articles of an advertising nature.

Today in the pharmacy chains an abundance of various medicines, some of which in fact "Medicines" are not, because there are a lot of fakes, frank dummies and inefficient means. Advocates of patients' rights in Ukraine, for example, argue that in 4 drugs registered as antiviral - the active substance was not found. However, a wide advertising company allows producers to earn millions of hryvnias on them per year.

Antiviral drugs for Orvi are conventionally divided into:

• Vaccines - stimulation of the production of antibodies before infection with the virus
• Immunostimulants - drugs that temporarily enhance nonspecific immunity, which promote the production of interferons
• Antiviral drugs are agents that affect neuraminidase (a viral enzyme) by suppressing the multiplication of the virus (Oseltamivir, Zanamivir) and blockers of M2-channels Amantadine, Remantadin - these drugs have proven clinical effectiveness, but as any means have a number of side effects effects.

Most antiviral drugs for orvi and influenza are developed and applied no more than 10-40 years. The drug should have a greater "trial period" in order to draw a conclusion about its effectiveness and side effects. As for immunostimulants, these funds can have delayed consequences (development risks autoimmune diseases, oncological diseases of the blood, etc.) and should be prescribed according to strict indications.

Immunity modulators and antiviral agents

The immunostimulants produced today show the activation of immune reactions at the biochemical level (what is called "In vitro"), but their real benefits and long-term consequences of use are rather complex, poorly understood region. Since information on many mechanisms of immunity has become known relatively recently, scientists are getting more and more information about its functioning every year. Therefore, there is no confidence in the safety and correctness of general stimulation of the "under-researched" immune system (see Fig. what is immunity and whether drugs are needed to improve it). Especially prudent should be the preventive use of immunostimulants and the treatment with antiviral medicines for children.

"Pharmacy immunostimulants can not only help the body, but also harm" - says Ph.D. Tatyana Tikhomirova, immunologist-allergist. Such a state as hyperactivation of the immune system, as well as immunodeficiency is extremely dangerous, the human body functions normally only with the balance of the immune system. And if a person each time stimulates ("to increase self-immunity"), then, in the presence of predisposing factors, this may result in pathological inflammation, launching of immune aggression on healthy tissues, hyperactivation of the immune system and theoretically (in extreme cases) to the development of autoimmune or oncological disease.

If the next of kin has any autoimmune disease (rheumatoid arthritis, insulin-dependent sugar diabetes, Sjogren's syndrome, multiple sclerosis, etc.), then under no circumstances should a person use any immunostimulants. Even if a person is healthy, there is already a violation of the immune system, and one can live with them all his life, but if he is rude and persistently try to stimulate their immune system, it can end with the debut of an autoimmune disease.

Fortunately, for most healthy people, without the presence of any predisposing factors, it is difficult to "achieve" your immunity so as to seriously damage your health. Since most of the known immunostimulants either do not work at all, or almost do not work. One part of the drugs - an ordinary deception, another - ineffective means. But it should be remembered that any drug has side effects.

Drug Groups	Act	Names of drugs
Interferon preparations	Blockade of viral mRNA translation, presentation of viral antigens	Recombinant alpha / gamma interferons
Etiotropic means	Neuraminidase inhibitors	Relenza Tamiflu Peramivir
Ion channel blockers	Rimantadine (Remantadin, Orvirem)
Antiviral drugs with varying degrees of evidence of action	Enabling synthesis endogenous interferons	Kagocel Cycloferon Lavomax (Amiksin, Tyloron) Cytovir 3
Specific HA chaperone	Arbidol
NP-Protein Inhibitors	Ingavirin

Alexander Khadzhidis, Chief Clinical Pharmacologist, St. Petersburg states the following: "Some doctors for some reason first appoint patients antipyretic drugs, and then immunomodulators, supposedly for the production of interferon - which is illogical and generally is absurd. That is, first, knocking down the temperature - "forbid" the body to fight the virus (at high temperature, antibodies are produced against the virus and infection), and then artificially "forced" do.

In developed countries, interferonogens (drugs that stimulate the production of interferon) are not at all. Interferons can work only with parenteral (intravenous) administration, and even then, their effectiveness is questionable. In Russia, these drugs are extremely popular, despite the fact that they are useless.

With regard to antipyretics with the virus - to knock down the temperature better with paracetamol and once with a rise in temperature, and not 4 r / day - "just in case". Taking Aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid) in ARVI, especially in children under 12 years old, is contraindicated, it can become the cause of severe damage to the central nervous system and the liver, it is not recommended to apply it to those who suffered from peptic ulcer disease Gastrointestinal tract. "

Well-known in Russia doctor Alexander Myasnikov says that all immunomodulators widely advertised in our country are a waste of money. In the United States and Western Europe, it is already unequivocally recognized and proven that these remedies are ineffective, but most Russian doctors continue to believe in the power of immunomodulators in treating Orvi.

Cytovir 3

Pharmacological action: Integratedimmunostimulating, an antiviral drug,

has an interferonogenic effect. As part of the drug - Timogen sodium, ascorbic acid, bendazole. Timogen synthetically obtained dipeptide, it enhances the nonspecific resistance of the organism. Ascorbic acid normalizes the permeability of capillaries, reducing the activity of the inflammatory process. Bendazol stimulates the production of endogenous interferon in the body.

Side effects: in people suffering from vegetative-vascular dystonia, causes a decrease in blood pressure.

Contraindications: in pregnancy, children under 1 year, thrombophlebitis, severe hypotension, diabetes mellitus, stomach ulcer, urolithiasis.

Issued: since 2001 in capsules, for children since 2006 in syrup, in powder for the preparation of solution
Research: There is no reliable information about clinical trials that confirm its effectiveness and safety. Often, doctors and pharmacists recommend this tool for children, but use it to treat children should be used with caution or not used at all.

References: Quite a lot of reviews in patients who use Citovir, about the effectiveness and absence of side effects. Improvement of well-being is observed on the second-third day, in single cases the drug did not help.
Price: Cytovir 3 - average240-580rub.

Kagocel

Pharmacological action: inducer of interferon synthesis, antiviral,immunomodulatingeffect. Composition: the sodium salt of the copolymer, which causes the formation of late interferon, which has high antiviral activity. The greatest effect occurs if you start treatment within the first 24 hours of the disease, but not later than the 4th day after the onset of an acute infection. With a view to prevention, it is possible to take it at any time, preferably immediately after contact with a sick Orvy or a flu.

Side effects: the emergence of allergic reactions.
It is issued: It is registered in 2003, since 2005 it is made in tablets, since 2011 it is resolved to use for children over 3 years old for the treatment of influenza, as an prevention for children can be used for children older than 6 years.

Research efficiency and safety: There is conflicting information. The active ingredient is the sodium salt of the gossypol copolymer with carboxymethyl cellulose.

And Gossipol itself is a natural polyphenol, it has been banned in the world since 1998 due to its toxicity. Gossypol for a long time and actively studied by some countries as a contraceptive, with its continued intake completely stops spermatogenesis. Chinese and Brazilian scientists say that host gossypol boys and men may suffer infertility in the future. However, Kagocel is not pure gossypol, it is the sodium salt of the copolymer, which has other properties that differ from the properties of the chemical itself.

The manufacturer actively advertises the drug and claims that the salt in Kagocel is negligible, 4 times lower than the concentration from the international standards allowed. Multiple stages of purification of the product ensure the absence of free Gossypol in the final drug, which is checked by monitoring the quality of each series of Kagocel tablets. The method used to check the availability of free gossypol is very accurate, it can reveal its content higher, 036%. In early 2013, data were published on tests performed on rats - no changes in reproductive function were detected in animals.

That is, research on primates was not done? It is known that gossypol for different animal species has its maximum dose of toxicity, according to the EFSA (European Food Safety Authority) for rats the limiting toxic dose is 2200-3300 mg / kg.,for pigs 550, for guinea pigs up to 300 mg / kg. The research carried out by the manufacturer consisted in the administration of therapeutic doses to male rats, and doses 25 times higher than therapeutic doses250 mg / kg). Can you trust the rest of the statements and "studies"?

Neither in Western Europe nor in the United States Kagocel is not used, there are no WHO medicines on the list. The effectiveness of the drug is not proven according to the representatives of the Formulary Committee of the RAMS and SDMX. There were no statistical studies on the development of side effects as of autumn 2013.

The drug is actively recommended for use by adults and children, but evidence of the safety of this medicines for children 3-6 years old no, clinical studies for this age group are not was produced.

Reviews: Many help, some children and adults are allergic reactions in the form of rashes, swelling, itching.
Price: Kagocel - average180-280rub. In 2012, the volume of sales amounted to - 2.64 billion. rubles

Tyloron (Amiksin, Lavomax)

Pharmacological action: active ingredient Tiloron, possesses antiviral andimmunomodulatingaction, it is a synthetic inducer of interferon that stimulates the formation of interferons alpha, beta, gamma.

Side effects: short-term chills, allergic reactions, contraindicated in breastfeeding and pregnancy.

Issued: almost 40 years ago, children under 7 years of age are strictly prohibited.

Research: The benefits of the drug are unquestionable for both treatment and prevention of viral diseases, but this can overlap with potential harm to the body. In the 80's in the US, after tests on mice, the drug was banned, as it had a highly toxic effect,in experimental animals, retinal bundle, liver lipidosis and other side effects were observed. It does not apply in the US and the European Union. In our country, continue to produce antiviral Amiksin and doctors appoint it to patients.
A small study involved 14 patients who received tilorone in a dose of 152 and 189 g, in 2 the drug caused keratopathy and retinopathy (while the visual acuity did not decrease), these effects were reversible. The authors of the study concluded about the potential danger of the drug for health.
Reviews: The occurrence of allergic reactions, the high cost of medicine.
Price: Amiksin - on average500-560rub. Sales volume in 2012 amounted to 7 billion. rub.

Additionally! Medicines, the so-called immunomodulators - Lycopid, Polyoxidonium, Cycloferon, Proteflazide, Timogen, Panavir, Isoprinosine, Neovir, Groprinosin and others. - should not be used to treat children (for various diseases) without immunograms and serious indications as they do not have the proper clinical trials of efficacy and safety in the treatment children.

Antiviral drugs

Below are just some of the antiviral medications from Orvi, reviews about them, a brief description, comments on known studies of their effectiveness, the average price in pharmacies.

Ingavirin

Pharmacological action: active substance imidazolylethanamide pentandioic acid. It is active against adenovirus infection, influenza A, B, respiratory syncytial infection, parainfluenza. It is an immunomodulator that affects the functional activity of the interferon system.

Side effects: allergic reactions

Contraindicated: children under 18 years.

Produced: as a drug for the treatment of influenza and orgi from 2008, before that, according to prof. Vlasova Vasilia Vitaglutam (imidazolylethanamide pentane diacid) was used in Russia before 2008 as a stimulant for hematopoiesis in cancer patients receiving an anticancer therapy.

Research: According to the manufacturers, the idea of ​​producing Ingavirin arose in the 1980s, but Only after many years of research into its safety and efficacy was the drug submitted for registration by 2008 year. When Vitaglutam was used in patients with oncological diseases, there was no convincing evidence of its effectiveness. And when in 2008 Ingavirin appeared on the pharmaceutical market without full-fledged studies, the "epidemic of swine flu" began in the country, therefore Ingavirin was actively sold. The drug was recommended by the Ministry of Health and Social Development, even despite the absence of placebo-controlled studies, reasonable evidence of its effectiveness.

One study conducted at 105!!! of patients with confirmed influenza showed the following results:

• Receiving ingavirin reduced the duration of fever to 3 hours (if used in the first 1 days after the onset of the disease)
• In the placebo group, this is 72 hours
• In the group taking Arbidol - 48 hours

Analyzing the duration and intensity of flu symptoms - weakness, headache, dizziness in patients with ingavirin was confirmed to reduce the severity of the disease, side effects are not revealed.

In May 2009, Alexander Chuchalin, chief therapist of the Russian Federation, (he led a team of drug developers) gave an interview to the magazine Ogonek: "The new antiviral agent Ingavirin efficiency is much higher than that of the AmericanTamiflu. The Russian drug is quickly and easily integrated into the genome of the A / H1N1 virus, immediately destroying it. It is also effective with other dangerous viruses. "

Reviews: Most drug does not help, isolated cases confirm the reduction in the timing of the disease.

Price:380-460rub. From January to June 2010, the sales volume of Ingavirin was 220 million. rubles, 467 thousand packages were sold.

Arbidol

Pharmacological action: Antiviral, has the ability to suppress viruses of influenza A and B, SARS - severe acute respiratory syndrome, associated coronavirus. Arbidol is also used in the complex therapy of acute rotavirus intestinal infections.
Active substance: Methylphenylthiomethyl-dimethylaminomethyl-hydroxybromoindole carboxylic acid ethyl ester.

Side effects: use of children under 3 years is prohibited, individual

allergic reactions.
Produced: invented in 1974, in 1992, it began its industrial production.

Research: Until 2013 there was no convincing evidence in its effectiveness and safety. Studies conducted in the USSR have not been published. In Russia in 2008, a study of 300 people showed that Viferon was more effective than Arbidol. In 2004, in China, tests for 230 patients with symptoms of Orvi showed it was not effective, in contrast to Tamiflu and Ingaverin. In 2009, in the journal of the UK "Antiviral Research the authors of the research stated that strains resistant to Arbidol are formed less frequently than those of Remantadine and Amantadine.

The Office of Quality Control of US Medicines denied registration of Arbidol in the United States, and WHO has never considered this drug as an effective antiviral drug.

Update on the drug: At the end of 2013, the World Health Organization Arbidol (umifenovir) as an antiviral drug with a direct effect, assigning it an individual code J05AX13. Thus, Pharmstandard received a nominal permission for widespread use of the drug on the territory of the Russian Federation, where Arbidol is included in the standards of treatment and prevention of influenza and ARVI in children and adults.

Nevertheless, the multicenter test of the effectiveness of Arbidol, which was planned to be completed in 2013, has not been completed to this day, and its terms have been postponed to 2015. The results of this test, which has serious sponsors and does not suffer from a shortage of patients, could put a dot over I in the arbidol epic, but for unknown reasons this is not occurs. I.eevidence of effectiveness is not present until now, it remains to wait ...

Reviews: The same number of positive reviews and opinions about the ineffectiveness of its use. There are isolated cases of allergic reactions in the form of dermatitis, angioedema, pain in the epigastric region.
Price: Arbidol - on average130-710rub. In 2012, the volume of sales - more than 5 billion. rub.

At the pharmaceutical market in Belarus, an analog of Arbidol, producer of JV "Lekpharm" appeared. It is a generic drug, in the Belarusian import-substituting packaging - Arpetol. The instructions to him indicate that the active substance is: arbidol hydrochloride? Once again, the commercialization of today's pharma market and the lack of proper control is proved!

Tamiflu

Pharmacological action: an antiviral drug, which includes oseltamivir carboxylate (active metabolite), suppresses influenza A and B viruses. When Orvi is not effective.

Side effects: Nausea, insomnia, diarrhea, dizziness, lethargy, cough, headaches, with caution to pregnant women and lactation. Contraindicated for children under 1 year.

Produced: since 1996, the pharmaceutical company "F. Hoffmann-La Roche "registered the right to develop

preparations containing oseltamivir.

Research: Tamiflu has a disadvantage - it complicates the diagnosis, because side effects are similar to the symptoms of influenza. It is dangerous in the epidemic period with long-term admission. Optimum effective only short-term use - a few days at the beginning of the flu. Independent researchers demanded a standard report from the Swiss manufacturer of 4-5 research modules. To which the pharmaceutical company provided only the first modules, repeated requests for full information were never satisfied.

Since 2004, cases of neuropsychic disorders began to be registered, more often in children and adolescents, who took Tamiflu during influenza - hallucinations, nightmares, confusion, convulsions, anxiety, etc.

Japanese postmarketing studies of this drug in 2006 have indicated a risk of developing impaired consciousness in humans - psychosis, depression, suicidal tendencies, especially in children. And there were also 54 deaths after Tamiflu, 16 of which were in adolescents 10-19 years (15 killed suicide, 1 died, hitting a car), the rest died of kidney failure (it is possible that due to severe flu).

The latest information about this drug:Back in April 2014, the Cochrane Society (an independent health research network) represented by Tom Jefferson and the British Medical the journal published data from the Cochrane review of studies that did not confirm the efficacy of Tamiflu and Relenza in the treatment and prevention influenza. Also, the efficacy of reducing influenza complications with these drugs has also been questioned. The firm attempts of Roche firm to fight back with a firm promise to provide undeniable evidence in the form of results of randomized trials have so far not been successful. Evidence is expected to present.

April 10, 2014, the Cochrane Collaboration website published the results of these 26 clinical trials Relenza and 20 clinical trials of Tamiflu, in which 2, 00 people participated.

As a result of the research it was found that:

• Oseltamivir as a preventive agent slightly reduces the risk of developing influenza in families, without reducing the ability of the influenza virus to be transmitted from person to person.
• The duration of symptoms is reduced by 16 hours (from 7 to, days), in children this effect is absent altogether.
• The drug has no effect on the risk of serious complications (sinusitis, otitis media, pneumonia, bronchitis), that is, does not reduce the likelihood of complications.
• The medicine is recognized as sufficiently toxic, increasing the risk of nausea, vomiting in both children and adults.
• When used for preventive purposes, the drug was dangerous to health, because it leads to mental disorders, impaired renal function, in some cases found that it helps to reduce the production of their own antibodies to the virus.

Based on these studies, health officials of the world's leading countries should decide to stop mass procurement of antiviral drugs with the current substance Oseltamivir due to the high risk of side effects and low effectiveness as a medicine for the therapy and prevention of influenza virus in the period epidemic.

reference: only on the basis of the claims of the manufacturer Tamiflu that the drug significantly reduces the risk of serious complications and hospitalization of patients during the epidemic, countries such as the United Kingdom and the United States in 2009 in connection with the epidemic of swine flu, these drugs were purchased at 40 million doses (The USA, bln. dollars, Great Britain 424 million. f.St.).

Based on recent data on the low efficacy and non-safety of this antiviral agent, an international group experts in evidence-based medicine called on the governments of the world's leading countries to stop mass purchases of Tamiflu and Relenza.

Reviews: There are enough reviews about side effects in the form of vomiting, dizziness, psychosis, headache. The effectiveness of influenza is confirmed by many.

Price: Tamiflu-on average1200-1300rub.

Remantadine (Rimantadine)

Pharmacological action: antiviral drug, an adamantane derivative, suppresses various strains of the influenza A virus (swine flu including).

Side effects: contraindicated in pregnant women, children under 1 year. Reduces concentration of attention, causes dizziness, nervousness, headache, increased fatigue, nausea, vomiting, dryness in

mouth.

Produced: information on the first uses of the drug are known since 1968.

Research: The tests were conducted from 1981 to 2006, mainly they showed a lower toxicity of Remantadine in comparison with Amantadine. One study showed the effectiveness of preventing Amantadine influenza infection by 61% in compared with the placebo group and in the event that a person fell ill, then for 1 day reduced febrile syndrome. In the same study, he was compared to Tamiflu, he gave an efficacy of 73% of the placebo group. Rimantadine (Remantadine) is currently considered a drug with proven clinical efficacy, but the possible resistance to it of some strains of the influenza virus.

Reviews: There are reviews that Remantadin causes side effects - dizziness, tachycardia, bitterness in the mouth. In general, the reviews are positive.
Price: Remantadine - average50-150rub.

It is during the flu (including swine) with the first symptoms of therapists and pediatricians recommend: adults - Remantadin, Tamiflu. Children over 1 year old are shown by Orvir (rimantadine syrup), Viferon. Children older than 8 years can - Remantadin (in the table), Tamiflu.

Interferon preparations

Interferons are informant proteins, which are excreted by cells infected with viruses. They seem to inform other cells about the infection and the required inactivation of the virus. Alpha interferons produce lymphocytes, beta - fibroblasts. In addition to Viferon, the alpha group includes Intron, Reaferon, Kipferon.

Viferon

The creation of the drug was scientifically justified in the period 1990-1995. group of scientists of the Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology. N.F. Gamaleia under the guidance of prof. Malinovskaya V.V.
Since December 1996 on the basis of the same SRI, serial production of recombinant interferon alfa-2b in suppositories begins. Viferon - a candle with a different content of the active substance.

Application:

• Viferon-1 (150000 IU) is designed for babies from birth to 7 years. It is used in ARVI, herpetic infection, as an additional remedy for prolonged pneumonia or sepsis, including in preterm infants with intrauterine infections. The drug is given a course for 5 days. Children under 7 years are recommended 1 candle 2 times a day. Preterm, born on a period of more than 34 weeks - as children under 7 years. With a shorter gestation period - 1 candle three times a day. If necessary, after a five-day break, the course can be repeated for another 5 days.
• In children older than seven years, an adult drug in candles for 50, 00 IU is used twice a day for five days. Possible use of viferon in pregnant women.
• Candles with viferon content of , 0, 00 and , 0, 00 IU are used in the treatment of viral hepatitis and herpetic infections.
• The preparation in the form of ointment is intended for the therapy of herpes on the skin and mucous membranes in adults and children older than a year.

Side effects: the main side effect of drugs viferon may be an allergic reaction, which happens infrequently.

Research: As for the effectiveness of the drug, it is not included in list A of evidence-based pharmacology. I.e,wide randomized trials in humans consistent with international standards were not performed. However, a positive practical experience of treatment with viferon in pediatric practice is available. (By the way, nitroglycerin also does not have randomized studies that prove its effectiveness, which does not make it an ineffective first-line drug for stenocardia). Publications of these clinical trials of the drug are available only in Russian and were conducted only in domestic clinics. Value for money allows pediatricians to recommend a drug for ARVI treatment in children younger than seven years. For adults in the treatment of acute respiratory viral infections, the drug is of limited use because of rectal administration and the availability of alternative drugs.

The main arguments of the opponents of the drug:

• high molecular weight of protein molecules that can not be absorbed in the gut
• lack of clinical trials that meet international standards.

Kipferon

In candle light a little expensive for the treatment of common colds. Therefore, it is replaced by viferon. But, with severe forms of intestinal dysbiosis in children of the first two years of life, the drug shows good clinical results.

Studies: Randomized trials were not conducted, that is, the drugrefers to the list of drugs with unproven effects. The main claims:

• High molecular weight, which prevents normal absorption
• Adding to the drug components of the donor blood, which can cause fever and allergies.

Cycloferon

Cycloferon was originally registered as a veterinary drug in 1993 for the treatment of animals with viral infections, in 1995 it was already honey. a drug.

The drug Cycloferon is approved for use in adults and children older than four years. Produced in solution for injection, tablets, liniment. Refers to immunomodulating drugs, is an inducer of interferon, enhancing its production and exhibiting antiviral, anti-inflammatory and immunostimulating properties.

Application: on the territory of the Russian Federation is used in the treatment of acute respiratory viral infections, influenza, viral hepatitis, herpes infection, human papillomaviruses and other urological and gynecological pathologies (eg, candidiasis, chlamydia).
Contraindications: The drug is not recommended for pregnant and lactating. May cause an allergic reaction.
Research: Cycloferon is an immunostimulant that stimulates the immune system and the production of interferons. To date, allclinical trialsthis drug, published in the medical literature,were conducted only in the territory of the Russian Federation and do not meet international standards.

There are no serious clinical trials for cycloferon that would prove its effectiveness or refuted the absence of long-term adverse effects of this drug (development of autoimmune diseases). It is not superfluous to recall that all drugs that are on the pharma market for less than five years are still at the fifth level pharmacological tests and it is quite possible to identify previously unknown undesirable effects from drugs such series. In the presence of newly identified harmful effects, the drug will be withdrawn from the pharmacy networks and discontinued, and most of those who have been treated with this remedy and have earned some disruptions in health are unlikely to receive at least some compensation.

Conclusions:

Ineffectiveness of antiviral agents due to the stability of strains of the virus

The lack of a positive effect with the use of certain antiviral drugs for influenza is possible, and because there are drug-resistant viruses and a specific influenza strain may already be resistant to a particular drug (eg, Remantadin).

Other treatments and placebo effect

It is also possible that patients whose reviews indicate the efficacy of such remedies were quickly recovered by other methods of symptomatic treatment, and the placebo effect is not excluded (cf. amazing facts about placebo).

Strong immunity

In a healthy organism, after 2-3 days, the immune system produces enough protective antibodies against the virus, it does not need additional medicines. It is enough to comply with all the known rules - bed rest, plentiful hot drink, vitaminized foods and drinks, clean air in the patient's room, gargling, etc.

Rapid recovery with antiviral drugs

In various life situations, reducing the duration of the disease even for one day can be very important, for example - wedding day, urgent business trip, important business deal, exam, interview and etc. It is in such cases that the use of antiviral drugs, which reduce the duration of the illness by 2-3 days, may make sense.

There are no adequate studies

Absence of benign studies on the study of effectiveness and side effects (on a large group of people, different ages, during long time), most antiviral agents from Orvi and influenza suggest the caution of their use or even the rejection of them.

Do not spend money on pacifiers

Spending money, in some cases, considerable, on drugs with unproved efficacy, side effects, questionable safety, perhaps, is not advisable. Any medicine, even useless or empty, can damage the body.

Video transmission: How the placebo effect works

• sec: 4 min. - about what means are usually prescribed by doctors
• with 2: 0 - about the effect of placebo on the work of the immune system
• with 3: 7 - about the high effect of placebo in children
• with 3: 5 - about preparations-pustachki, appointed or nominated at ORVI
• with 3: 0 - about homeopathy and antiviral drugs in ARVI
• with 4: 7 - on how modern research is conducted

zdravotvet.ru

Inexpensive and effective antiviral drugs

More than 90% of infectious diseases, registered annually in Russia, account for ARVI and influenza. Most people at least once a year suffer from a cold disease. It is not surprising that antiviral drugs are in great demand.

Children suffer from a viral infection more often than adults. A child can tolerate 2-3 diseases a year, or even more (especially if he visits preschool institutions). That's why before each parent, sooner or later the question arises, which antiviral tablets for children are more effective.

In response to high demand, pharmaceutical companies almost every year offer new antiviral drugs. At the moment, there are so many of them that it's rather difficult to choose what to treat.

Unfortunately, despite a large selection, not all drugs have good efficacy. Often it is necessary to move from one medicine to another, to try every time new in the search for the ideal. But no drug is absolutely safe and everyone has contraindications, causing side effects.In order not to experiment on ourselves, we will try to figure out which remedy is more effective in adults, and which in children.

What antiviral drugs are there?

Antiviral drugs are drugs designed to eliminate the cause that caused ARVI and influenza, that is, focused on the elimination of the virus.

The following antiviral drugs are distinguished by the mechanism of action:

• chemotherapy;
• interferons;
• inducers of interferons;
• homeopathic remedies.

Chemopreparations are substances that affect the virus, blocking its introduction, reproduction or killing it. They are divided into:

• blocking the multiplication of viruses;
• preventing the introduction of viral particles.

Chemopreparations are mainly intended only for adults, but among the interferons and their inducers you can find children.

Chemotherapy drugs

Means that block the replication of viruses, are known since the 60-ies of the twentieth century. And now their representative is actively used - rimantadine. This drug is available in tablets of 50 mg and can be used in children from 1 year. It is suitable for both prevention and treatment. For medicinal purposes rimantadine is drunk for 5 days. Dosage for adults - 100-200 mg 2 times a day, in children - 5 mg / kg once a day, but not more than 150 mg. The course of therapy is 5-7 days. Treatment should begin in the early days of the disease, otherwise it will be ineffective. For prevention, the course of admission is 14 weeks.

Rimantadine is a very budgetary drug compared to the rest. The price for packaging is 50-70 rubles. In pharmacies, you can also find Remantadine. It is the same substance, but of another manufacturer. It is believed that a greater effect rimantadine. Despite the fact that the drug is old enough, it is very effective against ARVI, especially as prevention, and almost does not cause side effects, even if the dose is exceeded. But nevertheless there is a resistance of viruses to this drug. It develops in 30% of those taking this medicine. This resistance is particularly pronounced with respect to influenza viruses.

The medicine based on vitaglutam is known as Ingavirin and is very common among customers. The drug is relatively inexpensive (from 450 rubles. for 1 course), but very effective against almost all types of viruses. It also stops the multiplication of viruses. Strongest of all, its effect is felt in the early stages of the disease. However, Ingavirin is strictly contraindicated in children under 18 years of age and can only be used in adults. There is a reduced dosage of the drug, intended for children from 7 years. For prophylaxis it is not used.

Another representative that prevents the replication of the RNA virus is ribavirin (Rebetol, Virazol). It acts on many DNA and RNA-containing viruses, but is used more often to treat an infection caused by a respiratory syncytial virus. Its cost is from 600 rubles.

The effect of drugs that prevent the introduction of viruses into cells is based on blockade of neuraminidase. This enzyme not only ensures the penetration of viral particles into healthy cells, but also ensures their resistance against respiratory protective elements. Drugs blocking the introduction, are effective only against viruses that have neuraminidase: influenza type A and B. These include 2 representatives: zanamivir and oseltamivir.

Zanamivir is known as Relenza. It should be prescribed in the first hours and days from the onset of the disease, the treatment lasts 4-5 days. The effectiveness of zanamivir was clinically proven, it is 65-70%. He reduced the incidence of hospitalizations with influenza by 50%, reduced the incidence of complications by 40% and the death rate by 90%. Relenza is taken orally and inhalation. In one of the studies, a greater efficacy of inhaled zanamivir was shown compared with rimantadine. The price of Relenza is quite high and ranges from 800 to 2500 rubles.

Oseltamivir or Tamiflu is a drug similar to zanamivir. Its effectiveness depends on the dose of the drug and the time of the start of treatment. The later it is started, the worse the effect. At a dose of 75 mg for 5 days, the drug is effective in 75% of cases, with the same dosage taken within 7 days, the efficacy is increased to 90%. The cost of the drug varies between 1100-1500 rubles.

All data on the efficacy of zanamivir and oseltamivir are presented on the basis of studies conducted by manufacturing companies.However, there is an opinion about the weak therapeutic effectiveness of these drugs.There was no refutation of only a good effect in the preventive application. These are expensive drugs with relative effectiveness.

Interferons

Interferons have not only an antiviral effect, but also antimicrobial, immunomodulating and antiproliferative (preventing excessive cell division). The action of interferons is to stop the translation in the early stages. That is, they block the production of specific proteins by viral elements. The virus loses its power. Thanks to this action, interferons act on any viruses. In addition, they activate T-lymphocytes, speed up the immune response.

There are α- and β-interferons. The most effective are drugs that combine both. Based on beta-interferon, a preparation of betaferon is released. It is effective against the influenza virus and tumor processes, is available in the form of a powder, a solution is instilled 4-5 times a day. It is worth a drug is very expensive, so consider it as a budgetary can not.

A-interferon is known to many as the Grippferon. This inexpensive, but quite effective antiviral drug parents often buy their babies. The medicine is available in the form of drops and spray. Anti-inflammatory and antiviral effect is less pronounced than chemotherapy drugs, but its safety is much higher. That's why Grippferon - the most common drug, prescribed for children under 1 year and pregnant as a preventive and treatment. The price for this medicine is 180-250 rubles. It is a domestic inexpensive and effective drug. It is best to use it for prevention in both children and adults.

A known and common drug is Viferon. This substance contains recombinant α- and β interferons. The drug is released in the form of candles in various dosages and can be used in children from birth and in adults with influenza and ARVI both for treatment and for prevention. It is relatively safe, so it can be prescribed to pregnant women. Effective and inexpensive, domestic Viferon contains, in addition to interferons, vitamins C and E. These substances stabilize cell membranes, protect them from damage and thereby increase the effectiveness of the drug 10 times compared to other interferons.

Grippferon and Viferon are domestic preparations for children, prescribed by pediatricians.

Immunomodulating agents

Immunomodulators act by stimulating the production of their own interferon in the human body.

These include:

• Amiksin - is used for prevention and treatment in children from 7 years of age and adults, this is an expensive drug costing from 630 rubles.
• Cycloferon is a fairly effective and relatively cheap drug for children from 4 years and adults, the price is from 200 rubles., Is allowed for pregnant women.
• Kagocel - especially common in the treatment of ARVI in children from 3 years old, but can be used for prevention, the price of 200 rubles., Reduces the incidence of viral infection in, times.
• Anaferon - reduces the incidence of ARVI in 3-6 times, significantly accelerates recovery with timely treatment, can be used in children from 1 month, the cost of 200 rubles.
• Arbidol - the effectiveness is not clinically proven, and the price is rather overstated (the course of treatment costs 600-800 rubles. But it can be taken by pregnant women.
• Ergoferon - inexpensive (from 300 rubles), but effective (reduces the duration and severity of symptoms in, times) drug for adults and children from 1 year.
• Lavomax, whose effectiveness is 90%, costs about 400 rubles. But it is contraindicated for children.

Stimulators of interferon production are the most common in the pharmaceutical market and are in greatest demand.

Conclusion

Effective and inexpensive drugs on our pharmaceutical market exist.The cheapest is rimantadine, but viruses are resistant to it in 30% of cases. The rest of the chemotherapy is quite expensive. To the inexpensive also include Grippferron and Viferon - the main antiviral drugs for children. Interferon inductors are the most affordable. Most of them cost from 200 rubles. Positive responses were noted about Cycloferon, Kagocel, Ergoferon, Lavomax, Anaferon. They are suitable for both treatment and prevention of ARVI and influenza. Domestic counterparts are no worse than foreign ones, and are cheaper.

However, some medicines, despite their advertised, did not prove effective in terms of effectiveness. But the decision in any case remains for the buyer. It is advisable to rely on a doctor's advice and personal experience.

ingalin.ru

Inexpensive but effective antiviral drugs for adults: a list of cheap drugs

Antiviral drugs for ARVI are the best medicines for adults, using which you can relieve the symptoms of colds.

All doctors insist that during the spread of viral infections it is necessary to carry out prophylaxis, rather than wait for the moment until the flu or angina appears.

The most effective preventive measure in winter and autumn is the stimulation of protective functions of the body. Good immunity will not allow pathogens to provoke the disease, or at least avoid complications that are increasingly developing against the background of catarrhal diseases.

When the disease is caused by viruses - ARVI, then treatment should be mandatory. The best solution in this case is effective antiviral drugs. Their principle of action is to affect the etiologic factor, that is, the virus.

As a rule, antiviral drugs are used for influenza and ARVI. Anti-inflammatory tablets of a wide range of action affect the replication of the virus, stopping its reproduction.

Anti-influenza drugs can have a natural or synthetic basis. They are used not only in the treatment of acute respiratory viral infections or influenza, but also for preventive purposes.

This best medicine can be used to treat various stages of the common cold. Today, medicine knows more than 500 pathogens of various types of colds. Therefore, the choice of funds that help to overcome the disease is also quite extensive.

As a rule, viral diseases are treated with three groups of drugs:

1. Antifungal agents of a wide spectrum of action.
2. Preparations fighting with cytomegalovirus.
3. Medicines treating herpes infection.

If the disease has acquired a severe form, then it is necessary to take antiviral tablets, and the easy stages can be treated with interferons.

Within 24-32 hours after the onset of primary manifestations, it is important to quickly start taking an antiviral agent.

If the reproduction of the virus is not stopped on time, then it will flood the entire body.

In this case, the antiviral tablets are ineffective in their effectiveness.

What is the effect of antiviral drugs in ARVI?

Antiviral drugs for colds eliminate the factors of appearance and its development. So, the result of the action of such funds is:

• reducing the risk of exacerbations in chronic diseases (asthma, bronchitis, etc.);
• relief of painful manifestations, reduction in the duration of ARVI for a couple of days;
• reducing the risk of complications.

Antiviral drugs for influenza are used as emergency preventive care if someone from close relatives gets sick and needs to reduce the risk of infection.

Antiviral pills for ARVI

In the category in which synthetic antiviral drugs are found, effectively combating viruses, there are 2 groups of effective drugs. The principle of M-channel blockers is that the virus does not have the ability to enter cells and multiply there.

A good remedy from this category is Rimantandin (Remantadine) and Amantadine (Midantan). To obtain the necessary effectiveness, treatment should be started when the first symptoms of the disease appear. However, their disadvantage is that it is difficult to determine what kind of virus the person has struck.

Such antiviral drugs doctors appoint during the epidemic of influenza A. Moreover, swine and bird flu are resistant to them. It should be remembered that anti-cold tablets should be taken not only for

who was ill, but also to people who are near him.

Inhibitors of neuraminidase actively fight viruses of influenza B and A. Their action is based on the suppression of the enzyme responsible for the spread of the virus.

Drugs belonging to this group are Zanamivir (Relenza) and Oseltamivir (Tamiflu). Reception of such funds must begin in the first two days after the onset of primary symptoms of acute respiratory viral infection.

The list of anti-cold medications includes:

1. Cycloferon;
2. Tamiflu;
3. Amizon;
4. Relenza;
5. Ribavirin;
6. Grippferon;
7. Arbidol;
8. Anaferon;
9. Viferon;
10. Amiksin;
11. Kagocel;
12. Viferon;
13. Remantadine.

Zanamivir

This antiviral drug is prescribed for adults and children from 5 years with influenza. Inhalation should be done twice a day for 5 mg for 5 days. So, the total daily dosage is 10 mg.

The agent should not be combined with other inhalation mixtures, including bronchodilators, because exacerbations may occur with bronchial asthma and other nonspecific lung diseases. Some people who do not have lung diseases sometimes have nasopharyngeal irritation, which occasionally leads to bronchospasm.

Oseltamivir

For treatment of adults and children from 12 years old, a doctor may prescribe an antiviral drug Oseltamivir. The recommended daily dose is 75 mg, which must be divided into two doses. Tablets should be drunk for five days.

In addition, the remedy can be prescribed to a child of 1 year, provided that his body weight will not be less than 15 kg. So, if the weight is 15 kg, then the dose is 30 mg, up to 23 kg - 45 mg, up to 40 kg - 60 mg and more than 40 kg - 75 mg. Capsules should be drunk twice a day for 5 days.

However, people who have kidney failure should take this remedy with extreme caution, because it can provoke the appearance of nausea and vomiting, so that you first need to carefully study the instruction that drinking with a cold and as.

In addition, the doctor can prescribe inexpensive antiviral drugs including a wide spectrum of action of Pranobeks (Grosprinosin) and Ribavirin (Ribarin).

Ribavirin

This antiviral drug affects influenza B and A viruses. In addition, it is effective in rhinoviruses, coronaviruses, acute respiratory viral infections, respiratory syncytial virus and parainfluenza.

But this remedy is quite toxic, for these reasons it is prescribed only if the respiratory syncytial infection is confirmed. Often it becomes the cause of bronchiolitis in children.

Ribavirin is a good remedy for a new generation whose price is high enough. It is used for the treatment of colds in adults 4 times a day for 200 mg for 1 week. But with hemolytic anemia, kidney failure and pregnancy, Ribavirin is prohibited.

Inosin pranobeks

The anti-cold tablets Inosin Pranobeks of the new generation are effective at:

• ARVI;
• adenoviruses;
• influenza;
• rhinoviruses;
• parainfluenza.

This anti-catarrhal medicine stimulates the immune system. To cure the flu and other viral infections, adult Inosin Pranobeks should be taken 4 times a day for 2 tablets in one week. For children, the daily allowance should not be more than 50 mg per kg of body weight.

The drug is taken up to 4 times a day at the same time. Duration of therapy is from 5 to 7 days.

Interferons and interferon inducers

These antiviral agents are protein elements synthesized by the body in response to infection, thereby producing resistance to viruses. Interferons are not inferior in performance to narrow-range groups of drugs. They have a wide range of activities, so they top the ranking among other synthetic influenza drugs.

However, some doctors are convinced that with ARVI this group of drugs is ineffective. These antiviral drugs for colds can be prescribed in the form of rectal suppositories and nasal drops.

So, the native leukocyte interferon should be buried in the nose up to 6 times a day, and Reaferon 2 drops 4 times a day. Basically, Viferon is prescribed in the form of suppositories, and adults are prescribed Viferon 3 or 4.

Concerning interferon inducers, they are a kind of stimulator for the production of interferons by the body. With a cold, the doctor can prescribe Meglumine acridon acetate (Cycloferon), Tyloron (Amiksin) and other antiviral tablets.

Amiksin

To cure ARI and influenza should take Amiksin - a new generation medicine, the price of which is quite low.

This remedy should be taken orally after a meal. The dose for adults is 0.125 g, and for children from 7 years - 0. 06. Tablets are drunk on the first day of illness, and then every other day.

The duration of therapy involves taking 6 tablets. However, Amiksin can not be taken to children under 7 years old and pregnant women.

Cycloferon

Tablets Cycloferon in its effectiveness are similar to Amiksin. They are used in the treatment of acute respiratory infections and influenza.

Often the drug is used as a solution (12.5%) for intravenous injections of 2 ml for two days. After that, the injections are done in a day or take the tablets (0.15 g) for 20 days.

Kagocel

It is an inducer of interferon, which has an immunomodulatory and antiviral effect.

As a rule, the drug is prescribed for catarrhal diseases three times a day for 2 tablets. In the first two days of treatment, the daily dosage should be 72 mg.

After the medicine should be taken three times a day for 1 tablet (36 mg). For 4 days of treatment the patient drinks about 18 tablets.

Arbidol

The most inexpensive drug that is effective for viruses A and B, adenoviruses, parainfluenza and syncytial infections. The principle of the agent is to stimulate the synthesis of endogenous interferon. Arbidol helps to strengthen the immune system and has an antioxidant effect.

If there are no complications for a cold, the medicine can be administered to children and adults:

1. 3-6 years - 50 mg;
2. 6-12 years old - 100 mg;
3. After 12 years - 200 mg.

Arbidol should be taken for 5 days four times a day every 6 hours. After that, the medicine is drunk 1 time in 7 days throughout the month.

Amizon

Inexpensive antiviral agent, which is the inducer of endogenous interferon. Has anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory and antiviral effect.

Adults should take Amizon after meals up to 4 times a day at an average severity of acute respiratory infections and flu by 0.25 g, and for severe disease - 0.5 grams per week. The dose for children up to 12 years old is 0.125 g three times a day for 5 days.

Anaferon

It is a homeopathic drug that has an immunomodulatory and antiviral effect. In addition, it is used in the treatment of influenza and ARVI. Adults need to take 1 tablet up to 6 times a day.

Treatment Anaferon should be started with the first respiratory manifestations. When the patient's condition improves, the drug is taken once a day for 10 days.

Children from 0.5 to 3 years, one tablet should be dissolved in 15 ml of water, and then drink. For preventive purposes, Anaferon is prescribed 1 tablet once a day, for 1-3 months. Plus, this is a fairly cheap offer.

Grippferon

A medicinal product for intranasal use, which has an anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effect. The duration of the therapeutic course and the dosage are determined by the treating therapist.

For children under 1 year, a single recommended dose is 1 drop (500 IU) 5 times a day. Children from 1 to 3 years are prescribed 2 drops (1000 IU) three times a day.

At the age of 14 years, the daily dose is 2 drops (100 IU) five times a day. Adult person Grippferon should take up to 6 times a day for 3 drops (1500 IU). The duration of the treatment course is five days.

Plant antiviral drugs are inexpensive

Many herbs have anti-inflammatory and antiviral effects. Often, herbal remedies help fight herpes infection.

Very often colds are accompanied by herpes. Moreover, the course of cytomegalovirus infection is often accompanied by the same symptoms as in ARVI.

Alpizarin is included in the list of medicines combating viruses and infections. In its composition there is an extract of mango leaves, a yellow penny and an alpine penny.

In addition, Flacoside is a good medicine based on natural ingredients. The active substance of the drug is obtained from velvet Laval and Amur velvet.

External it is possible to apply such ointments as:

• Gossypol (the active substance is obtained by processing the root of cotton or cotton seeds).
• Helepin (the active component is the leaves of the Coppedicidae).
• Megozin (oil from cotton).

In addition, natural antiviral drugs for colds include in their list such drugs as Altabor (on the basis of stems of glutinous and gray alder) and Proteflazid (an extract of ground part of reed and pike soddy). These drugs are actively used for preventive and curative purposes for influenza and other colds.

Another immunomodulatory and antiviral action is provided by the preparation from the German manufacturer Imupret. The composition of this remedy is oak bark, walnut leaves and field horsetail. That such a rational approach to the treatment of ARVI, and how to use drugs - in the form in this article.

stopgripp.ru

What pills to drink for colds

Without a common cold and flu, there is not a single cold season. We spend money on expensive medicines, trying to quickly get rid of all the unpleasant symptoms, forgetting about effective and inexpensive drugs. Meanwhile, there are pills for colds, which are several times cheaper than the advertised counterparts. The main thing - to understand the mechanism of action of drugs, use them competently and purposefully.

What pills to drink with flu and colds

Drugs that help cope with colds, SARS, acute respiratory infections, influenza, are divided into two groups. The first of these is for symptomatic treatment. Tablets from the common cold of this group have antipyretic (aspirin), antihistamine (dibazol), anesthetizing, vasoconstrictor, diluting sputum (acce) action, are struggling with the following manifestations diseases:

• nasal congestion;
• elevated temperature;
• lacrimation;
• itching;
• pain in the muscles;
• swelling of the mucous membranes.

The second group of drugs affects the immunity and causative agent of the disease. They are appointed only in case of detection of the viral nature of the common cold. Funds of this category include:

• inducers of interferon;
• viral protein blockers;
• inhibitors of neuraminidase.

Antiviral drugs

Medicines for colds of antiviral action do not belong to antibiotics. Their task is not to destroy the pathogen, but to destroy its protein membrane, which blocks the development of the virus in the body. Antibiotics for colds are prescribed only if there are bacterial complications. Popular effective antiviral drugs:

1. "Tamiflu" is a drug based on oseltamivir (azintomivir, aziltomirin). Suitable for an adult and a child.
2. "Grippferon" is a complex preparation based on interferon alfa-2b.
3. Relenza. The main active substance of the drug is zanamivir. It is prescribed for treatment of influenza A, B.
4. "Ingavirin" is an effective remedy for swine flu, ARVI.
5. «Amiksin». The analogue of the preparation is Tiloron and Lavomax.
6. "Arbidol" is a drug for the treatment of influenza A, B, subtypes H1N1, H2N2, H3N2 and H5N1.
7. "Acyclovir" is an antiviral drug based on thymidine nucleoside.
8. "Cycloferon" is a drug containing methylglucamine acridone acetate.

Immunomodulators

To this kind of medicines are homeopathic and synthetic medicines. With catarrhal diseases, thymus preparations, interferons, cytokines are prescribed:

• "Imunofan
• Betaleikin;
• "Timogen
• "Amiksin
• Aflubin;
• "Roncoleicin
• "Kipferon;
• Ribomunil;
• "Bronhomunal
• "Pyrogenal
• "Galavit
• "Dyuzifon."

It should be remembered that it is impossible to take synthetic immunity modulators on your own. Assigning them, the doctor necessarily takes into account the age of the patient, the degree of weakening of the body's defenses, the variety of the disease. In some cases, stimulation of immunity is limited to the intake of vitamins or medicines of natural origin (tincture of echinacea, eleutherococcus, ginger, medinitsa, chicory, etc.).

List of the best drugs for treating colds in adults and children

Modern combined cold preparations for simultaneous symptomatic treatment:

• Anaferon;
• Arbidol;
• "Baralgetas
• "Antigrippin
• "Grammidine
• "Coldrex
• Kagocel;
• Remantadin;
• "Rinza
• "Rinikold
• Sinupret;

Tablets that help quickly get rid of cough:

• Butamirat;
• Glaucin;
• Mukaltin;
• "Dextromethorphan
• "Ledvropropizin
• Prenoxediazine.

From a sore throat:

• Strepsils;
• "The Trachian
• "Linkas
• "Grammidine
• Septefril;
• Faryngosept;
• "Lisobakt".

Homeopathic preparations:

• "Ocillococcinum
• Aflubin;
• "Engystol
• "Aconite".

What can I drink to pregnant and lactating mothers

Antiviral in ARVI in its most contraindicated during pregnancy, feeding newborns, so the main task of women is the prevention of colds. If you can not get rid of the disease, you have to choose safe drugs that help to knock down heat, cope with a cough, giving an anti-inflammatory effect. From a fever it is best to take paracetamol. This medicine has both antipyretic and analgesic effects. Analogues of "Paracetamol" - "Panadol "Efferalgan."

Safe (according to the instructions!) For pregnant and lactating mothers, medicines for sore throat will be pills based on lysozyme (natural enzyme) - Laripront, Lizobakt. Tablets for colds, accompanied by a strong cough, will be "Lazolvan "ACTS" (powder), "Coldrex broncho" (syrup). Homeopathic "Ocillococcinum "Anaferon "Aflubin" are also allowed. In any case, the medication should be agreed with the doctor, who will make a final verdict in favor of or prohibition of any medication.

What drugs are inexpensive but effective for preventing colds?

Pharmaceutical companies offer a huge assortment of cold pills, which are easy to find cheap analogs. Thus, for example, most combined drugs for symptomatic treatment include paracetamol, which tops the rating of cold tablets. You can take it at the beginning of the disease. High-speed effervescent aspirin will successfully replace inexpensive acetylsalicylic acid, and included in antiviral drugs interferon is easy to find in pharmacies as an independent medicine for prevention influenza.

To this end, it is worth using oxolin ointment, inexpensive tincture of eleutherococcus or rhodiola rosea, ascorbic acid. Expensive "Immunal" will be replaced by a tincture of Echinacea, "Nurofen" - "Ibuprofen "Lazolvan" and "Ambrobene" - "Ambroxol "Mukaltin tablets "From a cough". Gargling with throats of furacilin tablets will help either "Strepsils" or "Grammidine."

Feedback on results after application

Marina, 30 years old: The best medicine for ORZ than the powerful "Cycloferon" I just do not know. Excellent cope with a viral infection in five to six days! I bought the notorious "Coldrex "Teraflu" and other new-fangled medicines, but paracetamol is much more effective and cheaper! I recommend everyone to take our domestic analogues of expensive imported tablets and not to overpay money.

Irina, 36 years old: I caught a cold one time at a conference where I had to make a report. Coryza, the temperature is just a nightmare. I asked the pharmacy to choose something effective, I was advised to "Rinikold". I drank a pill at night, and then in the morning. All the symptoms as a hand took off! It was easy to perform, in the photo the nose was not red. So the tablets are excellent, but they need to drink according to the scheme, every 4 hours.

Dmitry, 56 years old: Do not buy expensive imported pills for colds. Instead, take a package of paracetamol, Echinacea and ascorbic in the pharmacy. It's just that they are part of all sorts of cadavers. To not get sick, use oxolin ointment and interferon, and on the temperature of drinking aspirin. Do not be tempted by fashionable names, at the first sign of inflammation drink "Ibuprofen" and "Paracetamol".

sovets.net

Antiviral drugs for colds

Antiviral drugs for colds - the main tool in the fight against this category of ailments.

As is known, during the period of activation of catarrhal diseases it is better to be engaged in their prevention, and not to bring them to conditions when treatment is already needed. Activating immunity in the cold season is the most effective measure to protect yourself against colds. Then the disease will not develop or, at least, the situation will not take on a serious form.

If the disease has a viral nature - acute respiratory viral disease (ARVI) - then there can not be no treatment without treatment. And it is best in this case to cope with the problem of antiviral drugs. The essence of their action is in the impact on the virus itself, which is an etiological factor.

Antiviral drugs are used to treat ARVI and influenza. These drugs affect the replication of the virus in such a way as to stop its reproduction. Antiviral drugs are synthetic or natural. They are used both in the fight against the disease, and for its prevention. Different stages of the common cold can be exposed to antiviral drugs. To date, modern science knows about five hundred pathogens of different kinds of colds. Antiviral drugs to fight them quite a bit.

In general, viral diseases are treated with three types of drugs:

• drugs for a wide spectrum of influenza;
• drugs for the treatment of herpes infections.
• means for controlling cytomegalovirus.

In the case of severe disease, antiviral drugs are taken, with the use of interferons is easy. Within a day and a half after the appearance of the first symptoms, it is urgent to begin taking an antiviral drug. If we allow the multiplication of the virus to such a scale that it will occupy the entire body, then it can be brought to the conclusion that taking medications will not have any effect.

Effects of antiviral drugs for colds

With the help of antiviral drugs, the causes of the onset and development of acute respiratory disease are eliminated. The results of this action are:

• reduction of risks of exacerbations of chronic diseases (chronic bronchitis, bronchial asthma, etc.);
• shortening the course of the cold for several days, alleviating its symptoms;
• a reduction in the risk that severe complications will appear after acute respiratory illness.

Antiviral drugs for colds are also used as an emergency prophylaxis in the event that one of the family members becomes ill and needs to reduce the risk of infection of healthy people.

Antiviral tablets for colds

In a class where there are synthetic antiviral drugs that cope well with the influenza virus, there are two groups of effective remedies. The essence of the action of M-channel blockers in the blocking of the virus so that it can not penetrate into cells and multiply. One of the tested preparations against viruses of this category is Amantadine (Midantan), and also Rimantadine (Remantadin). For the desired effect, they should be taken as soon as the disease begins to manifest itself. Another of their drawbacks is that it is not always possible to understand what kind of virus a person has become. And these antiviral drugs are shown in the epidemic from the influenza A virus. In addition, avian and swine flu are resistant to them. It is important to remember that taking an antiviral drug for a cold should be done not only by the sick person himself, but by all members of his family.

Effective antiviral agent for colds

But neuraminidase inhibitors act on influenza A and B viruses. The essence of their action in suppressing the enzyme, which is responsible for the multiplication of the virus. Representatives of this group of drugs are "Oseltamivir" ("Tamiflu") and "Zanamivir" (Relenza). You can start taking them within two days from the initial manifestations of the disease.

List of antiviral drugs for colds

• Tamiflu;
• "Relenza
• "Grippferon
• Anaferon;
• "Amiksin
• Kagocel;
• Remantadin;
• "Viferon
• Arbidol;
• "Ribavirin
• "Amizon
• "Cycloferon."

Antiviral drug for cold "Zanamivir"

"Zanamivir" is prescribed for influenza in adults and children over 5 years of age for 5 mg of inhalation twice a day for 5 days. The total daily dose reaches 10 mg. The drug is not combined with other inhaled medications (including bronchodilators), because of that exacerbations are possible in patients with bronchial asthma and other nonspecific diseases lungs. In a number of people without pulmonary pathology, there may be signs of nasopharyngeal irritation, reaching in rare cases before the appearance of bronchospasm.

Antiviral drug for cold "Oseltamivir"

For influenza for adults and children over 12 years, the recommended dose of "Oseltamivir" is 75 mg 2 times a day for at least 5 days. "Oseltamivir" is prescribed for children older than 1 year - with a body weight of less than 15 kg of 30 mg, 15 to 23 kg of 45 mg, 23 to 40 kg of 60 mg, more than 40 kg - 75 mg twice daily for five days.

The drug is administered with caution in renal failure, it can cause nausea and vomiting during admission.

Antiviral drugs for a cold of a wider spectrum of action - "Ribavirin" ("Ribarin") and "Inosin Pranobeks" ("Grosprinozin").

Antiviral drug for cold "Ribavirin"

"Ribavirin" acts on influenza A and B-viruses, parainfluenza, respiratory syncytial virus, coronaviruses, rhinoviruses. The specificity of the drug is its high toxicity, therefore it is used only if a respiratory syncytial infection is confirmed that often leads to bronchiolitis in children.

"Ribavirin" is used to treat influenza in adults over 18 years (200 mg 3-4 times a day in meal time for 5-7 days) in the absence of pregnancy, kidney failure and hemolytic anemia.

Antiviral drug for cold "Inosin pranobeks"

"Inosin pranobeks" fights against viruses of influenza, parainfluenza, rhinoviruses, adenoviruses. This antiviral drug for cold stimulates the defenses of the human body. To treat influenza and other acute respiratory viral infections it is recommended to take: adults 2 tablets 3-4 once a day at regular intervals for 5-7 days; children a daily dose of 50 mg per kilogram of weight body.

The daily dose should be taken at 3-4 times at regular intervals. The duration of treatment is 5-7 days.

Interferons and interferon inducers

Another large group of antiviral drugs for colds are interferons and interferon inducers. Interferons are protein substances that synthesize the body as a response to infection, due to them the body is more resistant to viruses. They have a wide spectrum of action, which favorably differ from many other synthetic drugs. But some experts say that they are not very effective in ARVI. In the case of colds, they are prescribed as drops in the nose and rectal suppositories. The native leukocyte interferon is digested four or six times a day, Reaferon (interferon alfa-2a) two drops twice-four times a day. Viferon (alpha-2b interferon) usually goes like a candle, adults usually use Viferon 3 and 4.

There are also inducers of interferon. These are drugs that stimulate the body to produce its own interferons. Catarrhal diseases are treated with "Tyloron" ("Amiksin"), "Meglumina acridonacetate" ("Cycloferon") and a number of other antiviral drugs for colds.

Antiviral drug for cold "Amiksin"

For treatment of influenza and acute respiratory disease, "Amiksin" is prescribed inside after eating two tablets, 25 g for adults and 6 g for children over 7 years on the first day of illness and then 1 tablet every other day.

The course of treatment - up to 6 tablets. Contraindicated in pregnant women and children younger than 7 years.

Antiviral drug for cold "Cycloferon"

"Cycloferon" is used to treat influenza and ARI in the form of intramuscular injections at a dose of 250 mg (1% 2 ml) for two consecutive days, then every other day or 1 tablet, 5 g every other day for 20 days.

Antiviral drug for cold "Kagocel"

"Kagocel" is an inducer of interferon with direct antiviral and immunomodulating action.

Usually it is prescribed for influenza and ARI adults 2 tablets 3 times a day for the first two days (daily dose is 72 mg), then 1 tablet 3 times a day (daily dose of 36 mg). A total of 18 tablets per 4-day course.

Antiviral drug for cold "Arbidol"

Effective in treating the common cold is an antiviral drug, like Arbidol. It acts against viruses A, B, it also treats parainfluenza, syncytial infections, adenoviruses. The essence of the drug in stimulating the production of endogenous interferon, it has an antioxidant effect, strengthens the immune system.

Arbidol for colds without complications appoint: children from 3 to 6 years - 50 mg, from 6 to 12 years - 100 mg, over 12 years and adults - 200 mg 4 times a day (every 6 hours) for 5 days. With the development of complications (bronchitis, pneumonia, etc.) children from 3 to 6 years take Arbidol 50 mg each, from 6 to 12 years - 100 mg, over 12 years, adults - 200 mg 4 times a day (every 6 hours) for 5 days, then a single dose once a week for month.

Antiviral drug for cold "Amizon"

Antiviral drug for cold "Amizon" is an inducer of endogenous interferon, has antiviral, immunomodulating and anti-inflammatory action.

Adults take "Amizon" 2-4 times a day after a meal with an average flow of influenza and acute respiratory disease, 5 g, with a heavy - on, g for 5-7 days; the course dose of treatment is 3 Children aged 6-12 years drink on, 25 g 2-3 times a day for 5-7 days.

Antiviral drug for cold "Anaferon"

"Anaferon" refers to homeopathic remedies with antiviral and immunomodulating effect. It is also used to treat colds and flu. Usage for adults: 1 tablet, sublingually from three times a day to six, depending on the severity of the disease.

Treatment begins with the first respiratory symptoms. After improving the condition, it is recommended to switch to taking the drug once a day, for 8-10 days. Children from six months to three years, one tablet dissolved in 15 ml of water and give a drink. For prevention, Anaferon is prescribed one tablet once a day, for one to three months.

Antiviral drug for colds "Grippferon"

"Grippferon" is an immunomodulatory, antiviral and anti-inflammatory drug for intranasal use. The duration of the course of application and dose of the drug "Grippferon" is usually determined by the doctor in charge.

The recommended dose for children younger than 1 year is 500 IU (1 drop of the drug) 5 times a day; for children from 1 year to 3 years is 1000 IU (2 drops of "Grippferon") 3-4 times a day; from 3 to 14 years is 1000 IU (2 drops of the drug "Grippferon") 4-5 times in a day. The recommended adult dose is 1500 IU (3 drops) 5-6 times a day. The course duration is 5 days.

Herbal antiviral drugs for colds

Some herbs also have an antiviral effect. The effect of many herbal medicines is directed against viruses belonging to the herpes family. Catarrhal diseases are often accompanied by herpes rash, in addition, the course of cytomegalovirus infection also often occurs with the same symptoms as ARVI. This category of drugs includes "Alpizarin". The active substance in it is an extract of such plants as an alpine penny, a yellow penny, mango leaves. The antiviral preparation "Flacoside" has in its composition an active substance, which is obtained from velvet Amur and velvet Laval. For external use, the ointments "Megozin" (cottonseed oil), "Helepin" (ground part of the cheesecake), "Gossipol" (are obtained when processing the cotton seeds or the roots of cotton).

Antiviral drugs that are used for colds also include Altabor. It is based on an extract of stems of gray and black (sticky) alder.

The pendulous shank and ground reed give life to the drug "Proteflazidu it is also used in the treatment of colds, influenza and for their prevention. Antiviral and immunomodulating action is possessed by the German preparation "Imupret". It consists of field horsetail, walnut leaves and oak bark.

The price of antiviral drugs for colds

The run-up of prices for antiviral drugs for colds is quite wide - from 20 to 200 hryvnia (of course, it still depends on the packaging and the number of tablets). In any case, it is better to consult with the attending physician who will prescribe the drug, which in the particular case will prove to be the most effective.

If you call the approximate prices for the main antiviral drugs used to treat colds, in pharmacies in Ukraine they are: "Amizon" - from 20 UAH, "Arbidol" - from 50 UAH, "Amiksin" - from 30 UAH, "Anaferon" - from 40 UAH, "Remantadin" - from 11 UAH, "Kagocel" from 70 UAH, "Viferon" - from 70 UAH - from 110 UAH.

Inexpensive antiviral drugs for colds

Inexpensive antiviral drugs for colds, often prescribed by doctors and commonly used - Amizon, Amiksin, Anaferon. For 20-40 hryvnia you can buy 10 tablets. But once again pay attention: before making a decision to purchase an antiviral drug for a cold, it is worth consulting with the treating doctor.

With the help of antiviral drugs, it is not the consequence, but the cause of the catarrhal disease that is eliminated. This is the great advantage of antiviral drugs in the treatment of colds, which also explains their effectiveness. Antiviral drugs shorten the cold for two to three days, ease its course. Due to the use of antiviral drugs for colds, the risk of other chronic diseases worsening (exacerbation bronchial asthma, chronic bronchitis and other diseases), also there will be no various complications, as often happens with other preparations. In addition, antiviral drugs for colds give excellent effect in the prevention of acute respiratory viral infections, influenza, including among healthy family members when the patient is at home.

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Names of antibiotics for colds and flu

In the treatment of respiratory diseases, direct-acting drugs are used that affect the cause of the disease. They depress the pathogens. Such therapy is called etiologic. In the fight against the flu and cold the main thing is right - to choose the right medication. Some people, trying to get better sooner, begin to drink strong antibiotics from a cold at the first symptoms of ARVI. Is it correct?

When it is necessary to drink antibiotics for colds and flu

In most cases, respiratory diseases are caused by viruses to which antibacterial drugs do not work. Therefore, their reception from the first day of the disease is not justified. Therapy of respiratory diseases with antibiotics is justified, if on the 5th-6th day of the course of the flu or cold, the person's state of health is consistently poor. As a rule, these are symptoms of bacterial infection, which provokes the development of purulent sore throat, acute bronchitis, pneumonia.

Signs of complications of the flu and colds:

• after the onset of acute respiratory viral infection, the body temperature rises sharply after 5-6 days;
• general health worsens, fever, coughing, shortness of breath;
• pain in the throat, chest area, ears;
• enlarged lymph nodes.

When treating colds and flu with antibiotics, do not interrupt treatment while improving well-being. People who commit such a mistake then suffer twice as much. In this case, the improvement of a person's condition does not mean that the disease has passed. The batch of bacteria under the influence of antibiotics died, but another part of them adapts to the drug and begins to attack the weakened organism with new strength. This leads to a new round of disease with subsequent complications.

What antibiotics are better for taking cold?

For the treatment of respiratory diseases, bactericidal preparations are used to destroy pathogenic microorganisms. Antibiotics in the fight against colds and influenza are given the role of heavy artillery when there is a risk of acute complications. For treatment of respiratory diseases, three main groups of antibacterial drugs are used:

1. penicillinic - ampiox, augmentin, amoxaplav;
2. cephalosporins - cefotaxime, cefpyr, cefazolin;
3. macrolides - roxithromycin, azithromycin, clarithromycin.

List of effective antibiotics for adults

For colds of bacterial origin, doctors prescribe antibiotics in extreme cases. Prolonged cough, prolonged angina, severe fever, stably high body temperature - these are alarming signs of the development of an acute disease. In this case, traditional antiviral drugs, immunostimulants, vitamins and medicinal herbs are powerless. For effective therapy, you need to know which antibiotic is better for a cold to an adult:

• amoxicillin;
• arlet;
• fleumoclave;
• rovamycin;
• azithromycin;
• hemomycin;
• suprax;
• cefepime;
• erythromycin;
• levofloxacin.

Names of good drugs for children

To treat bacterial diseases at an early age, antibiotics are used in extreme cases. With pneumonia, acute otitis, purulent angina, resulting from a respiratory illness, it is justified to take such drugs. The form of antibiotics is prescribed depending on the age of the child. Breastfeeding - drugs in pricks, older children - in pills. Babies do not always make injections, it is allowed to open the ampoule and give the child a medicine in the proper dosage. Baby antibiotics for colds:

• ampicillin;
• flemoxin solute;
• moximac;
• avelox;
• augmentin;
• zinnat;
• Macropen;
• gt;
• esparoxy;
• alpha normix.

Often parents mistakenly believe that antibiotic therapy is necessary for the successful treatment of influenza and colds in children. This is a misconception about the effect of antibiotics on the baby's body. In viral infections in children, the prescription of these drugs is unreasonable even at high temperatures, which persists for a long time.

Treatment with antibiotics of children leads to dysbiosis, weakening of the immune system, anemia. To conduct antibacterial therapy for babies is advisable exclusively in critical situations. For example, when there is aerobic streptococcal angina, acute otitis media, pneumonia, inflammation of the paranasal sinuses. The use of antibiotics to treat children with colds and flu without complications is justified when:

• expressed signs of reduced resistance to the body - a constant subfertile body temperature, frequent cold and viral diseases, HIV, oncology, congenital disorders of immunity;
• rachitis, malformations of general development, lack of weight;
• the presence in the history of the child of chronic recurrent otitis media.

Gentle medications for treating colds in pregnant women

When treating complications of respiratory disease in a woman in a position or nursing mother, take into account the effects of the antibiotic on the development of the fetus. For treatment select sparing antibacterial drugs. To find the right medicine, the doctor identifies the causative agent of the disease, its resistance to various drugs. If it is impossible to conduct such a study, prescribe sparing antibiotics for pregnant women:

• ampicillin;
• oxacillin;
• cefazolin;
• erythromycin;
• azithromycin;
• bioparox;
• minocycline;
• oxam;
• ericcicline;
• ristomycin.

To treat influenza and colds in pregnant and lactating mothers, in order to avoid the occurrence of dysbiosis, it is advisable to take drugs in the form of injections. To avoid allergic reactions, the use of antibiotic therapy is combined with antihistamines. From the diet of pregnant and lactating women, chocolate, citrus and coffee are excluded.

List of broad-spectrum antibiotics

In bacterial therapy for the treatment of complications of influenza and cold prescribe drugs aimed at inhibiting groups of pathogens. Such drugs are called broad-spectrum antibiotics. They help to cure the complications of influenza and acute respiratory disease. Cheap tablets are effective, as are expensive ones. These types of drugs are dispensed in pharmacies without a prescription. Before taking the drug, read the instructions and read reviews about antibiotics. A good drug has a small number of side effects. Antibiotics of a wide spectrum of action:

• amosin;
• beccampicillin;
• ospamox;
• eco-ball;
• zinforo;
• kefelim;
• flamixi;
• cefodox;
• klatsid;
• oleterin.

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