Eye drops with broad-spectrum antibiotic

Among a long line of medications for eye treatment, antimicrobial agents are represented by several groups of drugs: antiviral eye drops, antifungal, antibacterial and anti-inflammatory eye drops. Depending on the nature of the active substance, the drugs are divided into antiseptics, antibiotics and chemotherapeutic agents.

Application area

When the infection penetrates the eye, the cornea and conjunctiva (mucous membrane) are the first to be affected. Symptoms of such a lesion are:

• Decreased visual acuity;
• Discomfort in the eyes(itching, burning, lacrimation);
• Photophobia and redness of the conjunctiva;
• Muco-purulent discharge from the eyes.

In the case of symptoms of bacterial infection, a laboratory examination of the eye discharge for the nature of the pathogen and its sensitivity to antibiotics is carried out. The use of drops with a broad-spectrum antibiotic is advisable in the treatment of the following infections:

• Dacryocystitis.Inflammation of the lacrimal sac in adulthood can occur with a strong inflammation of the nasal mucosa, when there is a violation of the normal outflow of tears. In the field of the inner corner of the eye, redness develops puffiness, tenderness, pus is released. However, much more often this inflammation is observed in newborns, when elements of embryonic tissue remain in the lumen of the nasolacrimal canal;
• Meibomite (barley). The most likely cause of infection is trivial non-compliance with hygiene: the penetration of dust from dirty hands or drafts, the prolonged wearing of contact lenses, the use of someone else's cosmetics. The cause may be internal pathologies. The disease is manifested by the formation of an abscess in the region of the eyelid margin, with painful sensations and swelling;
• Creeping corneal ulcer. Infection occurs when an eye injury or a microtrauma of the cornea. As a result, the pathogenic microbe penetrates into the eye tissue - most often pneumococcus (sometimes staphylococcus or streptococcus). A small sore forms, which, without proper treatment, begins to spread over the surface of the cornea;
• Blepharitis.The common name of a number of inflammatory diseases of the eyelids, which can be caused by infectious lesions (fungal, bacterial), and chronic diseases of a general nature (hypovitaminosis, anemia, diabetes, ). Sometimes blepharitis occurs as a side effect with astigmatism, hyperopia, dry eye syndrome. Depending on the cause of the disease, the eyelids can become inflamed with the formation of purulent sacs along the edges or the appearance of seborrhea, the conjunctiva may be inflamed or the formation of the edges of the sticky separable eyelid may occur;
• Keratitis.Inflammation of the cornea, accompanied by pain, redness, turbidity and ulceration. It can occur with infectious diseases (influenza, tuberculosis) or trauma.

Eye drops with broad-spectrum antibiotic can be used in the treatment of conjunctivitis, uveitis, chronic and acute inflammatory processes of the eye and its appendages that occur both in infection and in trauma or in the post-operation period.

Popular drugs

All antibacterial drops for the eyes are divided into several large groups. The most proven of them are sulfonamides (drops of Sulfacil sodium, Albucid, etc.) ). Despite the fact that medicines from these groups have been used for a long time, they are in demand and popular. More modern facilities include the following groups:

• Fluoroquinolones:eye drops Signtsef, eye drops Tsipromed, Floksal, Tsiprofarm;
• Aminoglycosides:Dilaterol, Tobrex;
• Levomycetin eye drops.

The most potent effect and the broadest spectrum of action are possessed by preparations from the group of fluoroquinolones. They can be prescribed empirically, without bacterial examination of microflora, with strong symptoms and the need for immediate action.

The following medicines are most commonly used and widely popular:

Name	Indications for use	Contraindications	Mode of application
Albucid	Blepharitis, purulent corneal ulcers, conjunctivitis, wounds with infection, etc.	Hypersensitivity to sulfanilamide preparations	2-3 drops in each eye 5-6 times a day. As the inflammation decreases, the dose decreases
Levomycetin	Blepharitis, keratitis, conjunctivitis, as well as their mixed forms	Individual intolerance, hepatic and renal insufficiency, skin lesions, pregnancy and lactation period, children younger than 4 months., hematopoiesis	1 drop in each eye 3 r. in a day
Sulfacil sodium	Conjunctivitis, blepharitis, infected wounds, gonorrhea and chlamydial infections, etc.	Hypersensitivity to sulfanilamide preparations	1-2 drops 3-6 times a day, depending on the severity of the inflammation
Tobrex	Keratitis, blepharitis, conjunctivitis, etc. infectious and inflammatory diseases. Prevention	Individual intolerance to tobramycin (main component)	1-2 drops in the interval 0, 5 - 4 hours, depending on the degree of damage
Tsiprolet	Deep inflammatory processes of the eyelids, inflammation of the conjunctiva, cornea, as well as prevention	Individual intolerance of fluoroquinolones, pregnancy and lactation period, children under 1 year of age	1-2 drops every 4 hours
Gentamicin	Dacryocystitis, blepharitis, conjunctivitis, keratitis. Prevention of inflammation	Hypersensitivity to components. With caution - with auditory nerve neuritis, severe impairment in the work of the kidneys	2 drops 3-4 times a day.
Fucitalmic	Dacryocystitis, conjunctivitis, keratitis, etc. inflammatory diseases, as well as their prevention	Individual intolerance to drug components	1 drop 2 times a day.

The use of any drug for the treatment of inflammatory processes in the eyes should be strictly justified and agreed with the attending physician.

Recommendations for use

For the correct use of the medicine, the ophthalmologist takes into account a number of factors affecting the dosage and duration of treatment:

• Age of the patient;
• Sensitivity to the components of the preparation;
• Presence of chronic diseases in the patient;
• Spectrum of the drug;
• Accessibility of the medicine(price and availability in pharmacies);
• Combination with other medications;
• Efficiency of application in each specific case.

It should also be taken into account the patient's contraindications and the possibility of allergic manifestations. If you experience discomfort when using the medication, stop taking the medication and consult a doctor.

Depending on the age categories, the following preparations can be used:

• For children.In the treatment of purely bacterial infections, Torex and Fucitalmic are effective, for Combined Effects, use Tevodex, Maxitrol (for example, after the performed operations);
• For adults. Here the list of possible drugs is expanding, since there are no age restrictions. The most famous are eye drops Normax, Tobrop, Tsiprolet, Vitabakt.

We recommend that you read the instruction of eye drops Tsiprolet.

When pregnancy and breast-feeding antibacterial drops are not recommended, because there is a risk of penetration through the placenta and the adverse effects on the fetus.When urgently needed, antibacterial drops can be used under the supervision of the attending physician with the use of minimal doses. To provide the most gentle effect, it is recommended to use children's medicines.

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To properly conduct treatment, it is necessary to study the rules of correct instillation of the eye:

• If there are purulent discharge, the eyes are washed with warm boiled water and blotted with a sterile napkin;
• Wash hands with soap;
• Carefully inspect the tip of the pipette for irregularities - otherwise, if you use carelessly, you can damage the cornea;
• It is not recommended to touch the tip of the pipette with eyes or eyelids, in order to prevent infection of the vial;
• For instillation take a stable posture, better sitting or lying down;
• Pull down the lower eyelid and, holding the pipette as close as possible to the surface of the eye, press the vial until a drop falls over the eye;
• After instillation, they sit or lie with their eyes closed for several minutes. It is not recommended to rub eyes;
• At the end of this time, the eyes are gently pressed with the pads of the fingers and, in case of moisture, wipe it;
• The final stage - tightly close the bottle, put it in a place inaccessible to children and wash their hands again.

Even if the drug is prescribed by an ophthalmologist, simultaneous intake of other medicines should be agreed with the attending physician. Particular attention to this item, in order to avoid undesirable side effects, should be given in the treatment of children, pregnant and lactating, individuals with severe chronic pathologies and allergic diseases.

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conclusions

Eye drops with broad-spectrum antibiotic are highly effective and popular medicines, both in the treatment and prevention of various infections and inflammatory processes.

However, their use must be justified and regulated by a qualified specialist. Never forget that it is necessary to give and immunity to prove yourself, and therefore treatment, especially in the initial stage, begin with the use of the most sparing means.

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