Mycoplasma is a parasitic or saprophytic bacterium that has a harmful effect on the human body. They can provoke infertility in women and men, cause inflammatory diseases, and also negatively affect the course of pregnancy.
Genital mycoplasma and Mycoplasma hominis are the most common pathogens of mycoplasmosis in man. Mycoplasma hominis is the source of diseases such as gardnerellez, pyelonephritis. In women, it is capable of provoking an inflammatory lesion of the uterus along with the appendages. In turn, genital mycoplasma is a source of inflammation of the urethra in women and men, that is, urethritis.
The incubation period after infection with mycoplasma can range from 2-3 days, up to 4-5 weeks. More often pathogenic microorganisms are transmitted sexually, the household way is also possible, but less likely.
A variety of studies have shown that 55-60% of people who have diseases of the urethra have mycoplasmosis, and 11-14% of people have a disease occurs without any visible symptoms, but exacerbation is possible in case of a decrease in immunity, as well as against stress, during childbearing.
Mycoplasma is diagnosed late, if it occurs without symptoms, which in turn leads to the onset consequences in the form of chronic inflammation of the uterine appendages, bladder, prostate gland in men.
Symptoms of mycoplasma
As a rule, with mycoplasmosis, severe symptoms are not observed. Often this disease occurs and is completely invisible to humans. That is why mycoplasma is found at a later stage of development, when the body does not receive adequate treatment for a long time.
The average length of time from the moment of infection to the appearance of the first signs of mycoplasma is 3 weeks, but fluctuations from 3 days to a couple of months are permissible.
In case of weakening of immunity, weakening of protective functions of the body, under stresses, hypothermia or when combined with other pathogenic microorganisms, mycoplasma is able to activate and there will be a disease of mycoplasmosis with its characteristic symptoms.
In women, mycoplasma affects the urethra, small and large vestibular glands, the vagina, the ovaries, the uterus and the fallopian tubes. Among the symptoms of mycoplasma presence in women - abundant or scanty transparent discharge from the vagina, itching and sensation discomfort in the urethra, sensation of pain and burning during urination or intercourse.
In men, the symptoms of mycoplasmosis are scant transparent discharge from the urethra after a night's sleep, drawing pain in the groin, mild discomfort and burning sensation when urinating. If the prostate has been struck - there are signs of prostatitis. Also, mycoplasma can affect the epididymis, then it grows in size and there is an undefined pulling pain in the groin and scrotum.
The extremely neglected stage of mycoplasma manifests itself as a cloudy urine with pus contusions and frequent urge to urinate, especially at night.
Treatment of mycoplasma in women and men
Mycoplasma treatment is complex, directed not only against the bacteria themselves, but also on the pathological processes taking place in the body. The main scheme of treatment of mycoplasma involves the taking of drugs that have antibacterial properties.
Mycoplasmaresistant to some antibiotics, they do not work:
- cephalosporins;
- sulfonamides;
- penicillins;
That is why such drugs are selected individually and self-treatment is unacceptable here. In general, the scheme of treatment of mycoplasmosis is made personally, taking into account the diagnosis, the age and sex of a person, the state of his immunity, the neglect of the disease and the peculiarities of its course.
The most effective drugsfor the treatment of mycoplasma, which allow the disappearance of clinical manifestations:
- tetracyclines;
- macrolides;
- azalides;
- cephalosporins;
- fluoroquinolones.
In a number of studies, it has been proven that mycoplasmas are highly sensitive to the aforementioned drugs. Therefore, it is preferable to use funds from this group.
If other microorganisms are found along with mycoplasma, additional therapy is prescribed. The more it is better to treat mycoplasmas, the doctor will tell you after examining and conducting the diagnosis. If necessary, he will appoint additional treatment - instillations of the urethra, physiotherapy, immunotherapy, etc.
With a complicated or chronic form, longer treatment is necessary, and in some cases combined antibiotic therapy. An important condition for a positive outcome is the simultaneous treatment of both partners. Otherwise, the chance of re-infection is great. At the end of the course of treatment, the patient gives a series of final analyzes. The prognosis of recovery is favorable: positive results of treatment can be achieved in 96% of cases.
How to treat mycoplasma with other methods? There is an alternative way - homeopathic preparations. However, such therapy requires much more time and effort than treatment with antibacterial agents. For this method, only qualified professionals are taken.
Sowing on Mycoplasma
Mycoplasmosis is difficult to diagnose because of the absence of symptoms characteristic only for this disease, and the mycoplasma itself is so tiny that it is unrealistic to detect it with microscopy. That is why the diagnosis of this disease can cause a number of difficulties.
Among the most effective methods of diagnosis of mycoplasmosis include:
- PCR, which allows to detect the presence of mycoplasma DNA;
- Sowing of bacterial flora on IST medium;
- Sowing of vaginal discharge or urethra with determination of sensitivity to antibacterial drugs.
Analyzes that allow to determine mycoplasma, it is advisable to take it no earlier than 2 weeks after the possible time of infection. If the result is positive, the sexual partner of the patient needs to undergo a examination with a specialist who will tell you how to treat mycoplasma in women or men.
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