Erythrocytes - red blood cells - normally are denuclearized biconcave cells in the form of discs with enlightenment in the center and annular thickening along the edges.The ultrastructure of the erythrocyte is monotonous. Its contents are filled with gentle granulation (diameter of granules 4-5 nm), which is identified with hemoglobin.
A doctor can prescribe such an analysis if he has reason to believe that the patient has a disease that affects the level of red blood cells and / or signs of a decreased concentration of hemoglobin.
Analysis for erythrocyte levels is carried out, for example, with anemia, complaints of frequent nasal bleeding and / or formation of hematomas with no apparent causes, increased fatigue, drowsiness. In addition, such an analysis is carried out during a routine examination of the patient, and in preparation for a surgical operation.
When the volume of erythrocytes in the blood is reduced, it is fraught with the development of anemia. In this case, the process of oxygen diffusion in the body and the removal of carbon dioxide are disturbed. The state of the body, in which erythrocytes are lowered, is usually considered an indicator of the mass of diseases.
The norm of erythrocytes in the blood
. If we talk about the norm of red blood cells in human blood, then there are some differences. The level of erythrocytes in the blood contains the following indices:- newborn baby:, -, mln. in μl;
- childrenup to 13 years:, -, mln. in μl;
- women:, -, mln. in μl;
- men:, -, mln. in μl.
If erythrocytes in the blood are lowered, a person should take additional tests. The reduced index is a consequence of serious abnormalities in the body, many of which require immediate treatment. It is important to monitor the level of erythrocytes in the period of gestation. This will avoid serious deviations in the development of the baby and the further generic process.
The level of erythrocytes in the blood during pregnancy
The number of erythrocytes during pregnancy can be reduced to 3.5 and even 3.0 x10¹² / l, which many experts consider to be the norm.
Reduction of the number of erythrocytes in the blood during pregnancy is explained, on the one hand, by dilution of blood due to a delay in the body of the pregnant women of water, and on the other hand, some decrease in the formation of erythrocytes due to a lack of iron, which is observed in almost all pregnant women girls.
Symptoms
When the number of red blood cells goes down, a person notices changes in the functioning of the body and everyday life:
- lethargy;
- weakness;
- drowsiness;
- low blood pressure;
- sometimes cold and damp skin;
- rapid pulse;
- chronic fatigue;
- pale shade of skin and mucous membranes;
- with a chronic illness - fainting;
- slowed down, slowed down.
The level of red blood cells in the blood is affected by many factors, we'll talk in more detail below.
Causes of decreased red blood cells in the blood
Why in the blood red blood cells are lowered, what does this mean? This phenomenon is the medical term erythropenia or erythrocytopenia and suggests that the blood has less red blood cells than it should be in the normal state of the body. In most cases, the reduction of erythrocyte cells is due to anemia, which can result from a large loss of blood or iron deficiency.
We list the possible causes, because of which the erythrocytes in the blood are diagnosed below the norm:
- suffered blood loss;
- all varieties of anemia;
- iron deficiency;
- hemolysis;
- leukemia;
- myeloma;
- metastasis due to the growth of malignant tumors;
- a hotbed of chronic inflammation in the body;
- hyperhydration (accumulation of excess fluid in soft tissues and mucous membranes).
Remember that if red blood cells are lowered in your blood without obvious natural causes (pregnancy, loss of blood, for example, after donation), it is a serious factor to consult a doctor for survey. Blood and its regular analysis help us to notice the disease even in the embryonic stage and do everything so that it does not develop into a more complex form.
What to do?
If the patient has low red blood cells in the blood, it is necessary to perform a series of additional tests and examinations to determine the cause of this condition.
When the disease leading to erythropenia becomes known, a specific treatment is directed to eliminate the underlying cause. When the drop in the level of red blood cells is associated with bleeding, it is necessary to eliminate it.
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