Nifedipine

width = Nifedipine - has antianginal and antihypertensive effect.

Relaxes smooth muscles of blood vessels (relieves spasm), dilates coronary and peripheral (main arterial) vessels, reduces blood pressure and peripheral vascular resistance, reduces afterloading. With the action of the cardioprotector reduces the need for cardiac muscle in oxygen. Increases coronary blood flow.

Nifedipine effectively reduces blood pressure, and also helps relieve muscle spasms. Without affecting the rhythm of the heart significantly lowers blood pressure. After taking Nifedipine begins to act after 20 minutes. (chewing accelerates the effect) and lasts up to 12 hours.

Clinical and pharmacological group

The calcium channel blocker.

Conditions of leave from pharmacies

It is released on prescription.

Price list

How much is Nifedipine in pharmacies? The average price is at the level of45 rubles.

Form of issue and composition

The tablets covered with a cover, yellow color, with biconcave surface; Two layers are visible on the cross-section.

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active ingredient: nifedipine; 1 tablet contains nifedipine - 10 mg or 20 mg;
auxiliary substances: milk sugar, potato starch, microcrystalline cellulose, povidone 25, sodium lauryl sulfate, magnesium stearate, hypromelose, tween 80, titanium dioxide E 171, macrogol 6000, talc, quinoline yellow E 104.

Pharmacological effect

Selective calcium channel blocker, dihydropyridine derivative. It inhibits the flow of calcium into cardiomyocytes and smooth muscle cells of blood vessels.

Has antianginal and antihypertensive effects. Reduces the tone of the smooth muscles of blood vessels. Expands coronary and peripheral arteries, reduces the overall peripheral vascular resistance, arterial pressure and slightly - myocardial contractility, reduces afterload and myocardial need in oxygen. Improves coronary blood flow. Do not depress the conductivity of the myocardium. With prolonged use, nifedipine can prevent the formation of new atherosclerotic plaques in the coronary vessels.

At the beginning of nifedipine treatment, transient reflex tachycardia and an increase in cardiac output may be noted, which does not compensate for the vasodilation caused by the drug. Nifedipine enhances the excretion of sodium and water from the body. With Raynaud's syndrome, the drug can prevent or reduce the spasm of the vessels of the extremities.

Indications for use

According to the instructions for use, Nifedipine is used to treat high blood pressure. When it is used, the hypertensive crisis is quickly stopped. Nifedipine may be recommended on occasion:

congestive cardiopulmonary failure;
arterial hypertension of any degree;
angina pectoris tension;
spasm of the coronary arteries;
Raynaud's syndrome;
hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.

Excellent reviews have a drug Nifedipine in cardiologists, therapists. In accordance with the instructions, its use is effective in diagnosing:

heart failure;
stagnant phenomena of blood;
pulmonary hypertension;
disorders of cerebral circulation;
hypertensive crisis;
clogging of blood vessels;
ischemic heart disease;
atherosclerosis of peripheral arteries;
bronchospasm.

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Contraindications

Absolute (use of the drug is strictly contraindicated):

Tachycardia;
Period 4 weeks after acute myocardial infarction;
Age to 18 years;
Pregnancy;
Lactation;
Cardiogenic shock, collapse;
Syndrome of weakness of the sinus node;
Decompensated heart failure;
Severe aortic / mitral stenosis;
Arterial hypotension with systolic blood pressure below 90 mm Hg;
Idiopathic hypertrophic subaortic stenosis;
Hypersensitivity to the drug or other dihydropyridine derivatives.

Relative (the drug should be used with caution in connection with the risk of complications):

Chronic heart failure;
Diabetes;
Severe disorders of cerebral circulation;
Pronounced impairment of kidney / liver function;
Malignant arterial hypertension.

Caution requires the use of the drug by patients on hemodialysis.

Use in pregnancy and lactation

When lactating and during pregnancy Nifedipine in any form is not recommended.

In gynecological practice, in some cases, the use of the drug during pregnancy as an antihypertensive drug, when other drugs are ineffective. It is also noted that during pregnancy Nifedipine helps to reduce the tone of the uterus, but the drug has not yet received widespread use of this indication.

Dosage and route of administration

In the instructions for use indicated that the dosing regimen Nifedipine set individually, depending on the severity of the disease and the patient's response to ongoing therapy. It is recommended to take the drug during or after a meal, with a small amount of water.

Initial dose: 1 tablet (10 mg) 2-3 times / day. If necessary, the dose of the drug can be increased to 2 tablets (20 mg) -1-2 times / day.
The maximum daily dose is 40 mg.

In elderly patients or patients receiving combined (antianginal or antihypertensive) therapy, as well as if liver function is impaired, in patients with severe cerebral circulation impairment, the dose should be is reduced.

Side effects

Like other tablets from pressure, Nifedipine causes in the body side reactions:

From the hematopoiesis: leukopenia and thrombocytopenia;
From the endocrine system - the manifestation of gynecomastia;
On the part of the genitourinary system: an increase in diuresis, against a background of long reception - a failure of the kidneys;
From the central and peripheral nervous system: headaches, with long-term administration of muscle pains, problems with sleep, tremors and visual impairment;
From the side of the cardiovascular system: swelling of the skin and limbs, severe pressure drop, sensation of heat, asystole, tachycardia, bradycardia, angina pectoris;
From the digestive tract: diarrhea, nausea, heartburn and liver function failure. If you take the drug for a long time in large doses, it will affect the liver in the form of cholestasis or an increase in transaminases.

Overdose

If the recommended therapeutic dose of Nifedipine tablets exceeds the hyperemia of the face, headache, bradycardia (decrease in the frequency of cardiac contractions), a marked decrease in the arterial pressure. Treatment of an overdose consists of washing the stomach, intestines, and taking intestinal sorbents (activated charcoal).

In the conditions of a medical hospital, a therapy is conducted, aimed at stabilizing the indicators of the functional activity of the cardiovascular system, as well as administration of an antidote, which is chloride or gluconate calcium. With a significant decrease in the level of systemic arterial pressure, dopamine is used.

special instructions

Cancellation of the drug is gradual (risk of withdrawal syndrome).

During the treatment period, it is necessary to refrain from engaging in potentially dangerous activities that require an increased concentration of attention and speed of psychomotor reactions, and from the use of ethanol.

Drug Interactions

When using the drug, it is necessary to take into account the interaction with other drugs:

In combination with nitrates, tachycardia and hypotensive effect of nifedipine are enhanced.
Nifedipine reduces the concentration of quinidine in the blood plasma. Increases the concentration of digoxin and theophylline in the blood plasma, therefore, the clinical effect and / or the content of digoxin and theophylline in the blood plasma should be monitored.
Simultaneous administration of beta-blockers should be performed under conditions of careful medical supervision, since this can lead to too pronounced decrease in blood pressure, and in some cases - exacerbation of symptoms of cardiac insufficiency.
The severity of the decrease in blood pressure increases with the simultaneous administration of nifedipine with other antihypertensive drugs, cimetidine, ranitidine, diuretics and tricyclic antidepressants.
Rifampicin weakens the action of nifedipine (accelerates the metabolism of the latter by inducing the activity of liver enzymes).

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Reviews

We picked up some reviews of people who used the drug Nifedipine:

Oleg. My grandfather has ischemia, so the doctor prescribed nifedipine for him. After the first week of reception, he was much better, or else he always wanted to sleep, did not go anywhere, there were headaches. After taking the medicine, he became a cheerful, sociable, began to go out for walks, in general, he began to live a normal life.
Anton. I remember ten years ago all hypertensive patients (not to be confused with hypotension) in the hypertensive crisis before the arrival of an ambulance were advised to take a tablet of nifedipine under the tongue. After resorption of the tablet within 10-15 minutes, the pressure drops. At reception pay attention to the heart... At me after reception of nifedipine there is an arrhythmia. And remember: nifedipine is an ambulance before the arrival of an ambulance team!
Irina. I have been using nifedipine for 2 years to prevent hypertensive crisis, which bothered me before every fall. As a rule, during the treatment, I had a little increase in blood pressure, and from the unpleasant sensations I would like to note the flushes of blood to the face. Therefore, nothing bad about the drug I can not say, the medicine is really effective and not heavy.