What is the norm of glycated hemoglobin - table

Glycated hemoglobin is a part of all hemoglobin circulating in the blood, which is associated with glucose. Its number indicates the average level of glucose in the blood during the last three months. Therefore, the result of the analysis for glycated hemoglobin is an important indicator in case of suspected diabetes mellitus, what its norm should be studied in detail.

• The process of testing for glycated hemoglobin
• Glycated hemoglobin is raised
• Glycated hemoglobin is lowered
• Glycated hemoglobin: the norm in pregnant women
• Norm in children
• The norm in women by age
• The norm in men by age: table
• The norm in diabetes mellitus

The process of testing for glycated hemoglobin

The result of this analysis helps to detect diabetes in the early stages, as well as assess the risk of this disease. How to take this test: on an empty stomach or not? The advantage of this study is the complete lack of preparation. That is, it is not necessary to conduct an examination on an empty stomach or at certain times of the day.

What is the purpose of this study? It is appointed in such cases:

• the determination of blood sugar levels in the last few months;
• correction of treatment methods for diabetes;
• monitoring the effectiveness of treatment;
• preventive research.

In what cases is the blood test done for glycated hemoglobin? The patient is referred for blood donation if he has signs indicating the likelihood of developing diabetes, such as:

• increased thirst;
• frequent urge to urinate;
• rapid fatigue;
• chronic fatigue;
• fungal infections that can not be treated;
• unexplained weight loss;
• deterioration of vision;
• decreased immunity.

Based on the results of the study, the attending physician conducts additional examinations to confirm or disprove the diagnosis of "diabetes mellitus" and to prescribe the necessary treatment.

Glycated hemoglobin is raised

If the result of the analysis indicates that the glycated hemoglobin exceeds the norm, and also its content is constantly increasing, the doctor decides on the appointment of additional studies and the subsequent diagnosis of "diabetes mellitus." This disease requires treatment and compliance with a strict diet. But not always elevated glycated hemoglobin indicates diabetes mellitus. A slight increase in this indicator may be due to the following reasons:

• deficiency of iron and vitamin B12;
• excessive consumption of alcoholic beverages for a long period of time;
• chronic renal failure;
• hyperbilirubinemia;
• oppression of hematopoiesis;
• taking medications (hydrochlorothiazide, indapamide, morphine, propranolol);
• surgical intervention, which resulted in the removal of the spleen.

It is important to know! If the patient has a slight increase in this indicator, it is required to regularly conduct such a study in the future! This will help determine the effectiveness of the prescribed treatment, as well as avoid the development of complications.

Glycated hemoglobin is lowered

What does the reduced level of glycated hemoglobin concentration in the blood indicate? These changes can be observed for the following reasons:

• blood transfusion procedure;
• reticulocytosis;
• chronic liver disease;
• decrease in the lifespan of erythrocytes (hemoglobinopathy, splenomegaly, rheumatoid arthritis);
• hypertriglyceridemia;
• taking certain medications (preparations of erythropoietin, iron, vitamins B12, C, E, aspirin, antiviral);
• significant loss of blood as a result of injuries, surgical intervention, severe labor, abortion.

In such situations, the patient is assigned an additional examination to determine the reasons for reducing the level of glycated hemoglobin.

Important to remember! If glycosylated hemoglobin has been lowered, after therapy it is required to regularly monitor this indicator!

Glycated hemoglobin: the norm in pregnant women

What does the result of this analysis show in women in an interesting situation? Pregnancy is the period when a woman undergoes certain changes in the body. As for glycosylated hemoglobin, this analysis is practically not carried out for pregnant women due to its low information content.

The norm of glycated hemoglobin in men and women of all ages is the same, this indicator should not exceed 6%.

Table of interpretation of the results of analysis of glycated hemoglobin.

Norm in children

In childhood, the norm of glycated hemoglobin is the same as in adults and should not be more than 6%. The deviation from this figure in the direction of increase indicates a possible development of diabetes in a child. What should I do if the metric is exceeded? Lower it should be gradual, no more than 1% per year. A more rapid fall can negatively affect the overall condition of the baby, as well as reduce visual acuity.

In the early stages of development of diabetes mellitus in the child it is possible to maintain blood sugar levels within the norm without the use of medications. It is necessary to control its nutrition (strict adherence to a low-carbohydrate diet), as well as the level of sugar in the blood with the help of regular analysis.

For patients with diabetes, there is a recommendation to achieve and maintain glycated hemoglobin levels no higher than 7%. But in each case the doctor selects individual target values ​​of glycated hemoglobin depending on the age of the patient, the severity of the course of the disease and the expected life expectancy.

Individual target values ​​of glycated hemoglobin for type 2 diabetes mellitus.

The norm in women by age

To maintain the general condition of the body, the woman should regularly monitor the level of glycosylated hemoglobin in the blood. The rate of this indicator for women is 5.7%.
Significant deviations from these indicators in women indicate such violations in the body:

• diabetes mellitus, depending on the degree of deviation, its shape is identified;
• lack of iron in the body;
• consequences of surgical intervention;
• kidney failure;
• weakness of the walls of the vessels, which leads to internal hemorrhages.

Therefore, if abnormalities are found, every woman should undergo a full medical examination to determine the cause of the problem.

The norm in men by age: table

In men, as in women, the content of glycated hemoglobin in the blood should not exceed 5.7%.

Men need to regularly test for blood sugar, especially after 40 years. A sharp increase in body weight in men at this age may indicate the development of diabetes. Therefore, it is required to diagnose it as soon as possible in order to start timely treatment.

The norm in diabetes mellitus

If the patient as a result of this study found an increased amount of glycated hemoglobin, you want to monitor this indicator. Depending on the degree of deviation, the frequency of the analysis is as follows:

1. If the average level of 5.7-6%, the risk of diabetes is insignificant. Control of this indicator is required to be carried out once in 3 years.
2. The indicator reaches 6.5% - it is required to undergo a study once a year. As the risk of developing diabetes increases. It will also be helpful in such a situation to adhere to a balanced diet that involves eating low amounts of carbohydrates.
3. Diabetics, in whom the level of glycated hemoglobin does not exceed 7% for a long period of time, you can take the analysis every six months. This is enough to detect abnormalities in a timely manner and to make adjustments in supporting treatment.
4. At the initial stage of diabetes treatment, it is required to monitor this indicator every 3 months. This will help evaluate the effectiveness of the prescribed treatment, as well as make certain adjustments if the therapy is ineffective.

To conduct a study, it is better to contact a private independent laboratory that has positive reviews. This will help get the most accurate result in a short time. After that, if necessary, you can start treatment. It is very important not to forget that the deciphering of the results should be done solely by the attending physician. Therefore self-diagnosis and self-treatment should not be dealt with. It is better to trust a specialist.