Any of us had to donate blood for analysis. Everyone knows about the process of taking blood in a clinical diagnostic laboratory. But in the fact that you can do and can not, before the analysis, not everyone is aware of. Therefore, we will correct this gap in knowledge from some part of the population.
CONTENTS
What you need to do to ensure that the blood test reflects the correct results of
First, you need to give blood on an empty stomach! Otherwise, the analysis itself will not be possible, the blood will be unsuitable for research.
Second, on the eve of a trip to the clinical laboratory, refrain from taking medication( unless of course this is possible, especially from those that are administered intramuscularly or intravenously), from physiotherapeutic procedures and X-ray studies.
Third, remember that excessive physical and mental stress can lead to erroneous results of laboratory research. Therefore, have a good rest and sleep before going to the laboratory technician.
After completing these simple rules, you will receive the correct results of the blood analysis, which will be the key to the correct diagnosis.
ABC of Blood: Learning to interpret the results of
The constituent parameters of the blood test are not complex. But what are the normal indicators? How can I properly read and decrypt them myself? What should you pay attention to first?
Let's look at the results of the analysis, where there are graphs and some elements with numbers are listed.
Blood test total
Blood is taken from the finger. According to this analysis, you can determine the blood diseases and inflammatory processes that occur in the body.
RBC - red blood cells
The results indicate the letters - RBC .This is red blood cells , that is red blood corpuscles. They are also called the main cells of the blood.
Erythrocytes perform many functions, the most important of which is the delivery of oxygen to each organ and all tissues, as well as the removal of carbon dioxide from the body.
The normal value of red blood cells for women is 3,7-4,7х1012 / l, for men - 4,0-5,5х1012 / l.
Elevated numbers indicate cardiovascular diseases, such as heart disease, or acute body poisoning. A smaller number indicates anemia. And then the doctors immediately pay attention to another indicator.
HGB - hemoglobin
This hemoglobin - HGB is a complex protein. Its low level, in fact, speaks of a deficiency of iron - anemia.
The norm for women is 120-140 g / l, for men - 130-160 g / l.
The concentration of hemoglobin increases with a thickening of the blood, which is observed during dehydration, with erythremia( Vaquez disease).Reduction of hemoglobin concentration is a sign of anemia, fluid retention in the body( hyperhydration).
HCT - hematocrit
Hematocrit is designated HCT - this is the ratio of the volume of blood cells( erythrocytes) to blood plasma.
Reduction of hematocrit is observed with blood loss, massive injuries, starvation, liquefaction due to intravenous injection of large volumes of fluid during pregnancy.
Elevated hematocrit is noted with dehydration - excessive loss of fluid or insufficient intake of it, with burn disease, peritonitis, renal pathology. The norm for women is 0,36-0,46 l / l, for men - 0,41-0,53 l / l, for newborns 0,54-0,68 l / l.
RDW - the distribution range of red blood cells
RDW is the width of the distribution of red blood cells. The indicator determines how the red blood cells differ in size.
In norm it is from 11,5 to 14,5%.If the blood consists of both large and small erythrocytes, then the width of their distribution will be higher. This condition indicates a deficiency of iron, and other types of anemia.
MCV - the volume of erythrocytes on average
MCV, that is, the average volume of red blood cells, distinguishes different types of anemia in order to choose the correct method of treatment.
MCV is a fairly accurate parameter, but if there are many erythrocytes in the blood, and even with a modified form, then its reliability drops. Normal MCV - 80 - 100 femtoliters( unit of measure).The MCV index determines the type of anemia( microcytic, macro-cytoplasmic, normocytic).
MCH - hemoglobin in erythrocyte average
Mean hemoglobin content in erythrocyte or MCH( norm 27-35 picograms) shows which absolute hemoglobin is contained in 1 erythrocyte. He really determines the deficit or not the assimilation of iron in the body.
For this indicator anemia is characterized as hypochromic, normochromic and hyperchromic. It is important that SIT necessarily need to be correlated with ICSU and MCV.But on the basis of a comprehensive study, anemia of different types is distinguished.
ICSU - hemoglobin concentration in erythrocyte
ICSU is the average concentration of hemoglobin in the erythrocyte. It reflects the extent to which the erythrocyte is saturated with hemoglobin. The norm is 310-360 g / l.
Increased ICSU can not be, because crystallization will occur. But a lower value suggests iron deficiency anemia, thalassemia( a disease in which hemoglobin synthesis is disrupted).
PLT - platelets
PLT means platelets - cells responsible for clotting of blood. The norm is 150 - 400х109 / l. If they are few, then there will be increased bleeding, a permanent bruising. Increased their level can lead to the risk of blood clots.
WBC - leukocytes
WBC abbreviation refers to leukocytes, that is, white blood cells, body protectors. Their norm is from 4.5 to 9x109 / l. The increase in leukocytes is a sign of inflammation in the body, their decrease is a sign of poor human resistance to infections.
LIM - lymphocytes
Lymphocytes are designated LIM.Their percentage is 25-35 of the total number of leukocytes. If there is an excess, then we can assume viral and chronic bacterial infections.
Granulocytes
The content of neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils. These cells are also called the generalized concept - granulocytes. In order to determine the nature of the changes, the ratio of each species in percentages is usually studied.
Monocyte norm 2-6%, eosinophils 0.5-5%, basophils 0-1%.
The number of eosinophils increases with allergies and parasitic diseases( worms), neutrophils - all kinds of inflammation, basophils - chronic myelogenous leukemia, chronic ulcerative colitis, some skin lesions.
MON - monocytes
Monocytes( MON) are immature cells. Only in tissues they become macrophages, that is, cells that absorb pathogens, dead cells and foreign particles. In percentage, the MON rate is from 2 to 6.
The increase in monocytes indicates an infectious process, that is, the penetration of microorganisms into the human body, and a decrease in the decrease in immunity.
ESR
ESR is an indicator of the erythrocyte sedimentation rate, which is a nonspecific indicator of the state of the body.
Its norm for women is 2-15 mm / h, for men it is 1-10 mm / h. An increase in the index above these values is a sign of inflammation. Also, ESR can increase with various tumors. Low its indicators are extremely rare, they say about erythrocytosis( many red blood cells).
With this disease, the blood becomes viscous and dense and viscous from a large number of red blood cells, which creates the risk of blood clots, blood clots and can lead to heart attack and stroke.
So, you already have the knowledge, but you can not independently prescribe yourself a treatment, adjusting the indicators to the norm.
It should be remembered that our body is a wise system. And in collaboration with an experienced doctor it will be easier to establish all its functions. A mirror of blood will help greatly in this.
Decoding of analyzes online
You can use the special service for interest. Decoding of analyzes online for free and without registering .
Without registration, you can decipher the following tests:
- Blood test.
- Urinalysis.
- Stool analysis( coprogram).
- Other tests.
To access additional features of the site - just register.
For registered users additional services become available after registration:
- Saving results.
- Comparison of results.
- Pregnancy Calendar.
- Services for pregnant women.
However, remember that the interpretation of analyzes is not only a mechanical process of an automated nature, but also intuitive, based on your own personal experience of your attending physician, which we would not neglect.
Therefore, I highly recommend, after all, go to the doctor, let him look and prescribe a cure.
Successes to you and health, with you the author of the blog Rainbow - paramedic of the State Unitary Enterprise "Nechaevskaya CRH" - Bespalov Vladislav.
The backbone of this article is taken from the site https: //azbyka.ru/zdorovie/ pravilno-rasshifruem-analiz-krovi and is subject to editorial revision.
