Increased salt in urine, what does it mean?

The value of most medical tests for people unfamiliar with medical science is a "dark forest".Not an exception and a general analysis of urine. In particular, indicators of the level of salts, because it, in fact, should be present in this biological fluid.

What, then, is bad if in analysis there are three or four pluses opposite the corresponding parameter, at the rate of 1-2? In principle, nothing bad, if the pros appeared once. If, in repeated analyzes, the salts in urine are in the same amount or their concentration increases - it is worth thinking about health problems.

Among the salt, which contains urine, you can distinguish urates, oxalates and phosphates.

Causes of salt in the urine of an adult

Why is urine found increased salt, what does it mean? In an adult, the main causes of salts in the urine:

1. Improper diet. In this case, it is recommended to exclude from the diet products containing oxalic acid (tomatoes, berries, sorrel, and chocolate) and be sure to consume fruits, watermelons, prunes, cauliflower.
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2. Infectionurinary tract or genitals.
3. An insufficient amountfluid in the body.

Possible and frequent causes of salt in the urine are diseases such as nephrolithiasis, pyelonephritis, diabetes, poisoning, digestive disorders, and various pathological changes.

Salt in the urine of a child

The child's organism, just like an adult, is prone to the negative effects of pathogenic factors, but sometimes it can inadequately respond to seemingly normal things. So, in the norm, salts in the urine of the child are found in the preschool age, which is associated with:

• features of the diet;
• immaturity of the renal parenchyma and an inferior filtration function;
• inability to quickly carry out the metabolism of basic chemical compounds entering the kidney;
• daily fluctuations of the acid-base state.

If your son's urine test results exceed the salt index, the first thing you should do is change the habitual diet. Watch that the child drank at least one liter of purified non-carbonated water every day. The food should be full and varied. The doctor will tell you which foods should be temporarily excluded from the baby's diet.

Possible diseases and symptoms

Often, the increase in the number of salts in the urine is a sign of the development of any pathology. When diagnosing, they are guided by the symptoms that are characteristic of a particular disease.

1. Urolithiasis disease. This urological disease is characterized by acute paroxysmal pain in the lower back, frequent false urge to urinate, and the presence of a large amount of creatinine and urate in the urine.
2. Kidney Diseases. In inflammatory diseases of the kidneys - nephritis or pyelonephritis - there is a high body temperature, pain in the lumbar region, nausea, difficulty urinating, blurred urine. Increased the number of urates and oxalates.
3. Diseases of the joints. Gout and arthritis are manifested by attacks of stiffening pain, inflammation and swelling of the joints. The disease is caused by the deposition in the tissues of the urate joints, an increased number of which is found in the urine of the patient.
4. Diabetes. Symptoms (subjective sensations) in diabetes are a constant feeling of thirst and frequent urination, signs (objective evidence) - elevated blood sugar and oxalate in the urine.

Classification

Determine the presence of salt crystals by conducting an overall urinalysis. But in order to find out to which form they relate, it is necessary to do additional analysis on the stone-forming function.

In the urineit is possible to detect such salts:

1. Phosphates;
2. Oxalates;
3. Urates;
4. Precipitation of urine ammonium;
5. Hyppuric acid salts;
6. Calcium sulphate.

Let us consider them in more detail.

Urate in urine

Urates are a precipitate of uric acid salts. If urates are found in the general urine analysis for salt, one of the diagnoses is most likely: fever, uric acid diathesis, gout or leukemia.

The presence of urate can also indicate an irrational diet, in which protein foods and strong tea are consumed in excess quantities. In addition, a similar result is characteristic of people who are overexerted, as well as with dehydration or fever.

If urate was found in urine, it is necessary:

1. Increase the use of non-purulent products (fruits, vegetables, cereals, milk, cottage cheese, flour products, eggs), as well as products containing vitamins of group B, A, calcium, magnesium and zinc (nuts, cereals, poultry);
2. A day to drink at least 1.5 liters of clean water.

When urate was found in large quantities, it is necessary to additionally give drugs that affect the salt metabolism.

Oxalate in urine

Oxalates in urine are salts of oxalic acid secreted by the kidneys. They enter the human body with certain products of plant origin, and also are formed in the course of various biochemical reactions.

The main reasons are when there are many oxalate salts in the urine:

1. Diabetes mellitus, especially when its treatment is inadequate.
2. Eating foods with a high percentage of oxalic acid (asparagus, rhubarb, spinach, gooseberry, beetroot, mango, tea, coffee) and vitamin C (rose hips, juniper, kiwi, currants, sweet peppers).
3. Pyelonephritis, urolithiasis and other kidney diseases, accompanied by a violation of the excretory function.
4. Poisoning with ethylene glycol, which is contained in antifreeze and brake fluid.
5. Increased use of ascorbic acid and vitamin D.
6. Oxalosis is a hereditary disease associated with a metabolic disorder.
7. Removal of a segment of the ileum for benign and malignant diseases.

Treatment is based on the use of therapeutic nutrition. When constructing a dietary diet for patients with oxaluria, it should be remembered that the introduction of foods rich in oxalic acid increases the excretion of oxalate in the urine.

Therefore, products with an excessive content of oxalic acid and its salts are excluded from the diet: sorrel, spinach, beets, beans, rhubarb, figs, parsley, plums, strawberries, gooseberries, tea, cocoa, chocolate.

Recommended: potatoes, cauliflower and other vegetables (lentils, peas, peas, turnips, asparagus, cucumbers), milk, white bread, pork lard, vegetable and butter, sour cream, cottage cheese, eggs, sour-milk products, cheese, dishes from cereals and dough, cabbage, apples, vegetarian soups (from vegetables and fruits allowed), meat, fish and poultry in unlimited boiled form, pears, apricots, peaches, grapes, dogwood, quince.

Phosphates in the urine

The presence of phosphate salts indicates a decreased acidity of the pH reaction of urine. They can be found in the urine of healthy people after a plentiful meal as a result of lowering the acidity of urine. The phosphate content increases with the use of foods rich in phosphorus (fish, caviar, milk, sour-milk products, oatmeal, pearl barley, buckwheat, alkaline mineral water).

To reduce phosphate salts, doctors recommend reducing the intake of vitamin D and calcium-rich foods:

• cheese;
• cottage cheese;
• fish liver;
• eggs;
• oily fish;
• sour cream;
• fatty yoghurt;
• caviar.

The reason for the increase in phosphates can be an alkaline reaction of urine, cystitis, gastric lavage, vomiting, fever, Fanconi syndrome, hyperparathyroidism.

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