Right ventricular hypertrophy refers to cardiac dysfunction, which is manifested by increased pulmonary pressure and a narrowing of the gap between the upper and lower pressure indicators by increasing the size of the right ventricle and the buildup of muscle tissue.
With such changes in the cardiac system, the state of health deteriorates sharply, and the load on the heart is growing rapidly.
Normal indications
One of the most common and first methods of detecting any abnormalities in the normal functioning of the cardiovascular system is the electrocardiogram( ECG).On the hypertrophy of the myocardium of the prostate can speak a number of indicators that are substantially deviated from the norm. To diagnose a disease, you need to know which indicators are considered the norm and which ones are not.
LV mass differs from the right mass in the direction of increase, which can be evidenced by electrical potentials, which are slightly higher in the left than in the prostate. The appearance of rS-type complexes in the right thoracic leads is the result of the difference between the electrical potentials of the LV and RV.
When depolarization occurs to the right , complexes of the qR type manifest themselves, as indicated by the R tooth, if on the contrary, the tooth P in the rS complexes will testify to this.
Signs of the pathology of
The first sign of hypertrophy of the right ventricle of the heart when decoding ECG data is the predominance of its potentials over the left one, which causes the to have R teeth in the right thoracic leads , and depolarization occurs to the right.
The pathology can be evidenced by the displacement of the QRS complex vector on the right side of the , which in turn leads to the appearance of R-teeth.
Another indicator of the disease is the replacement of the rS complex in the V1 R-denticle lead.
Any abnormality is considered a sign of pathology, which will immediately be noticed by an experienced specialist.
But every person who has ever done an ECG, looked with interest at the folded a long piece of paper with mysterious symbols and symbols, trying to understand something.
Cardiologists distinguish three degrees of defect development:
- Light ( minor deviation from normal indices);
- Mean ( signs of hypertrophy are already significant, but RV indices are still slightly less than the left index);
- Heavy ( right ventricular pulses have already surpassed LV and prevail in ECG results).
On the cardiogram, you can see special symbols that characterize one or another state of the heart. For example, the high positive tooth R and the deep negative tooth P account for the frequency of contractions of the left and right atriums, and the symbols Q, S, R characterize ventricular contractions. The letter T indicates relaxation of the ventricles.
The following may be signals about the development of the disease according to the results of the cardiogram:
- The RV1, V2 scores are fairly high in the absence of abnormalities in the teeth V2, TV1 in the segments STV1, V2;
- Quite high fluctuations RV1, V2 with a noticeable decrease in the pulsation of the segment STV1, V2 with a negative amplitude of the tooth TV1, V2;
- The presence in the remaining leads of the raised R wave and the reduced segment of the ST.
Diagnostics of
Given the fact that based on results alone, the ECG can be small for a precise diagnosis of , the cardiologist will prescribe additional types of examination of the patient. These include:
- Electrocardiography ( for detecting irregular rhythm of work);
- Medical examination ( listening to noises in the heart, rhythm of the heartbeat);
- Echocardiography ( determination of ventricular size by ultrasound, thickness measurement, detection of defects and their sizes);
- Study with cardiovisor ( dynamic cardiac monitoring);
- Detection of patient's belonging to one of the risk groups ( overweight people, professional athletes, people with bad habits);
- Detection of genetic predisposition.
Only after all types of examination confirm the diagnosis of hypertrophy of the prostate, the doctor prescribes the necessary course of treatment.
Symptom of what heart disease it can be
As a rule, hypertrophy is not an independent disease. Its appearance may indicate a number of other diseases, which are the main reasons for its occurrence. These diseases include:
- Pulmonary hypertension( increased pulmonary pressure, causing frequent dizziness, shortness of breath and fainting);
- Stenosis of the pulmonary valve( a condition in which the outflow of blood from the right ventricle into the artery is disturbed);
- The tetralogy of Fallot( a disease that is diagnosed from the first days of a baby's life and can occur during the first year of his life);
- Defect of the interventricular septum( an opening between the left and right ventricles, causing mixing of arterial and venous blood);
- Fibrosis and emphysema;
- Bronchial asthma;
- Pneumosclerosis;
- Inflammation of the lungs( pneumonia), chronic bronchitis and others.
Features of treatment
Causes of the disease are divided into two main groups:
- Chronic lung diseases;
- Congenital heart disease.
Based on the cause, which caused the development of pathology, prescribe a course of treatment. With the congenital defects of the cardiac system , an etiotropic therapy is used, which is to reduce the manifestation of the symptoms of the underlying disease, and accordingly the hypertrophy itself.
If we are talking about age changes in the heart of , then in this case a pathogenetic method is used that increases active and passive processes that stabilize the immune system, which destroys the cause of hypertrophy.
In cases when when myocardial hypertrophy contributes to the development of defects, the physician will propose an operative intervention, since conservative methods will be ineffective. Most often, children undergo surgery in their first year of life with congenital defects.
If the cause of the pathology are pulmonary diseases , then conservative therapy is prescribed, which includes:
- Mucical preparations;
- Respiratory analeptics;
- Bronchodilators.
To stabilize the pressure, the doctor can prescribe euphylline , which can be used both in tablet form and by injection. To treat the initial stage of the disease, nifedipine is prescribed, which is highly not recommended when lowering the lower pressure.
Drugs of nitrate groups - nitrosorbide or nitroglycerin may also be prescribed. Treatment is carried out in a complex and under the strict supervision of the treating doctor.
This pathology indicates more serious deviations in the functioning of the cardiopulmonary system, and if ignored and not treated, the consequences can be quite negative .
If the disease is congenital, timely therapy or surgery can stop the development of defects and stabilize the work of the heart.
In order to prevent the disease it is necessary to lead a healthy and healthy lifestyle, avoid hypothermia, temper the body of , do not ignore acute respiratory viral infections that can lead to pneumonia and the development of hypertrophy.
In other words, you need to pay more attention to your own health and in due time turn to a specialist for qualified help.
