Treatment of varicose veins with medicines does not always have a positive effect. It is especially difficult to cure varicose veins if it is in a neglected stage. In this case, surgical intervention is the only way to eliminate pathology.
For many people, surgery is a terrible procedure, so they are afraid to go to the doctor for a long time, relying on some kind of home treatment. The disease continues to progress and the patient's condition worsens.
When should I do?
Operation for lower extremity varices is prescribed under the following circumstances:
- if subcutaneous veins are enlarged as a result of physiological pathology;
- if the disease is in an advanced stage, when treatment of varicose veins with drugs or folk remedies does not help;
- in the formation of trophic ulcers on the skin;
- if there are violations of the vascular circulation, as a result of which the patient experiences constant fatigue, quickly becomes tired, feels pain and heaviness in the legs;
- if acute thrombophlebitis was formed;
- if trophic skin lesions occur.
For some patients, surgery for varicose veins on the legs may be contraindicated by .The factors that prevent surgical intervention are:
- hypertension;
- severe infectious diseases;
- ischemic disease;
- age of the patient( more than 70 years);
- skin diseases - eczema, erysipelas, etc.;
- second half of the gestation period.
Types of intervention
Type of surgical intervention is determined depending on the individual characteristics of the course of the disease .Some types of operations that are suitable for one person may not fit the other at all. Before appointing an operation, the doctor looks at the form of the disease, the symptoms, and the likelihood of complications.
Surgical
The most laborious and complex procedure associated with the high probability of complications is the phlebectomy operation to remove varicose veins. It is prescribed only in cases when other methods of treatment are not able to have any beneficial effect.
During this operation, small( 3-5 mm) incisions are made in the patient's groin, through which the wounded vein is bandaged in the place where it enters the deep vein, then it is dissected and pulled out of the with special probes. After the vein is removed, resorptive sutures are applied to the site of the incisions. The operation lasts from 1 to 2 hours, while the patient is in the hospital for no more than a day, then he is released home.
Stripping is another type of surgical treatment for varicose veins. In the process of this procedure, not only the entire vein is recovered, but only a small portion of it that has undergone varicose dilatation. Removal is carried out through punctures in the skin, which avoids suturing.
How the operation for varicose veins is done - look at the video:
Sclerosing
Sclerotherapy is considered less traumatic than surgical intervention. It consists in that by means of ultrasound examination the precise location of the dilated vein is determined, into which a special substance( sclerosant) is injected. This substance adheres the affected vessels, preventing the flow of blood through them .After this operation, a scar tissue forms on the site of a diseased vein, swelling disappears. The patient is no longer suffering from the heaviness and pain in his legs, and if there have been trophic ulcers, they will quickly heal.
Sclerotherapy is of two types:
- Echosclerotherapy .This operation is used in the event that the diameter of the affected veins has reached 1 cm or more. First, the veins are examined using a special device - a duplex scanner, then under its control a puncture is made, after which a sclerosant is inserted into the vein. This procedure allows you to reduce the diameter of the affected vessel and restore normal blood flow through it.
- Scuffing with foam .The most safe and completely painless form of sclerotherapy. A special foam is introduced into the affected vessel, which fills it and stops the flow of blood inside this vessel.
More about sclerotherapy with this disease, see the video:
Laser coagulation
The operation to remove varicose veins on the legs with a laser is considered the most technological form of combating varicose veins and helps to eliminate the pathological expansion of veins in 90% of patients. During this procedure, tissue sections are not made, which avoids cosmetic defects .
Through a puncture in the skin, a laser light guide is introduced, which emits light waves. Under their action, the patient's vessel dissolves. This method is characterized by a low number of relapses - , repeated cases of varicose formation occur in only 5% of patients.
Similar to laser coagulation, the method of treating varicose veins is radiofrequency obliteration. The essence of the method lies in the effect on the sick vein of microwaves, which heat the vessel, causing its "soldering".This method of treatment is considered the most simple and painless .It can be used in severe cases, when veins reach large sizes.
How the operation to remove varicosity on the legs with a laser is done, see the video:
Possible consequences and condition in the postoperative period
Almost all types of operations performed to eliminate leg varicose pass safely and cause some complications in very rare cases.
The greatest likelihood of complications and severe course of the rehabilitation period is observed with phlebectomy. In the region of the removed vein, hematomas may occur, and sometimes blood can flow from the incisions, as there are inflows of other veins nearby.
2-3 days after the operation, in some patients can increase the temperature of .This is due to aseptic inflammation in the blood, which accumulates under the skin.
Other possible complications after surgery may be:
- Numbness of the skin, pain .They arise in the event that during the operation the nerve endings were damaged. Over time, the pain will disappear and the sensitivity of the skin will recover.
- Bruises .Formed with phlebectomy, since this is a rather traumatic operation. After a while, usually not more than a month, they completely disappear. With minimally invasive methods of treatment( sclerotherapy or laser coagulation), bruises almost never remain.
- Edemas of .They can appear if the patient does not follow the prescription of the doctor in the postoperative period - he moves a lot, does not wear special clothes or exposes himself to great physical stress.
After surgery, most patients have a low-activity lifestyle. Because of hypodynamia, such a dangerous phenomenon as acute thrombosis of the deep veins of the lower limbs can arise. To prevent it, needs to do special exercises, observe a diet and take drugs that prevent thrombus formation of - Kurantil, Heparin or Aspirin.
Rehabilitation after removal of varicose limbs
Compliance with the doctor's indications during the postoperative period is an important part of the treatment and prevention of recurrences of varicose veins. Most patients are recommended:
- Tightly bandage the leg with an elastic bandage.
- Wear special compression underwear - knee-highs or pantyhose.
- Do not lift weights over 10 kg for the first six months after the operation.
- Do sports with moderate physical exertion - sports walking, swimming, biking.
- Monitor body weight in the presence of problems with excess weight.
- Annually take a course of venotonizing drugs - for example, Detralex.
If aching legs are aching, light massage can help, which can be done on its own.
Recommendations for the prevention of recurrence of
Even if the operation to eliminate varicose veins has been successful, there is always the risk of recurrence of the disease. To minimize the likelihood of recurrence, the should be followed by preventive measures:
- lead an active lifestyle - exercise, often walk in the fresh air;
- in the sitting position, you must ensure that the posture is even, do not put one foot on the other, as this leads to disturbances of the venous blood flow;
- to fight overweight;
- moderate use of coffee and tea;
- every morning perform foot gymnastics;
- to give up too tight and tight shoes and clothes.
Varicose veins are an disease, which even after a complete cure requires a certain lifestyle. Preventive measures after the operation will need to be observed not for the first few months, but throughout life. Only in this way will it be possible to normalize the state of one's body and exclude the possibility of a repeated development of the disease.
