Thrombophlebitis of the lower limbs is a disease in which an inflammatory process occurs in the walls of the veins with further formation of thrombi.
In this case, the vessels are clogged, the blood circulation in them is disturbed, as a result of which enough nutrients and oxygen stop arriving at the feet.
This is a rather dangerous pathology, which, without proper treatment, can cause a number of serious complications, up to the death of the patient .Most often, middle-aged people, 30-40 years old, suffer from thrombophlebitis of the legs.
- Possible causes
- Symptoms
- General recommendations
- What folk remedies exist for treatment?
- What is not recommended?
- Prevention measures
Possible causes
Thrombophlebitis most often occurs as a result of advanced varicose veins. In a healthy person, venous blood rises from the legs to the heart under the influence of pressure, which in the normal state is quite enough to overcome the gravity of the earth.
In case of disorders of this mechanism, the body is forced to increase the pressure to push blood upward. As a result of this process, a valve failure arises that is characterized by the flow of blood from the surface veins from the deep veins.
As the pressure inside the vessels is increased, their walls lose their elasticity, stretch and deplete, which leads to the formation of visible subcutaneous nodules of bluish color.
Causes of development of thrombophlebitis of the lower extremities:
- Congenital abnormalities of valves or veins, lack of connective tissue, poor permeability of deep veins, genetic predisposition.
- Neoplasms located on the legs, in the abdominal region.
- Injuries of the lower limbs, which led to damage to the venous walls. Such a phenomenon can occur during surgical intervention, when catheters are inserted into veins, when drug solutions are administered. Diseases of the endocrine system.
- Diseases of the joints - osteoporosis, rheumatoid arthritis, etc.
- Long-term use of hormonal contraceptives.
- A sedentary lifestyle that often leads to stagnant processes in the legs.
- Elevated intra-abdominal pressure. It usually occurs with lung diseases, or with frequent constipation.
- Overweight.
- Infringement of a blood flow in the bottom extremities. Such a pathology is most often associated with prolonged wearing of a cast bandage, or with diseases of the cardiovascular system, for example, in heart failure.
- Increased level of progesterone in the body of a woman. This hormone has a negative effect on the condition of the venous walls and valves, making them weak and unprotected.
- Wearing tight clothes and shoes.
- The presence in the diet of a large number of high-calorie and fatty foods, the lack of cellulose of plant origin.
- Increased blood clotting. This can be an acquired or inherited defect.
- Smoking, frequent use of alcohol.
In pregnancy, thrombophlebitis occurs especially often, because during this period there are global changes in the hormonal background, as well as weight gain.
Men suffer from this disease if their way of life is associated with heavy physical labor, or long stay on legs - machine operators, loaders, etc. Thrombophlebitis can occur as a result of some sports activities.
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Symptoms of
Thrombophlebitis of the legs is accompanied by the following symptoms:
- the appearance of pain in the legs: during walking the pain is pulsating and hot, in a calm state - lominating;
- convulsions at night;
- malaise, fever;
- visible changes in the skin on the legs - dark spots, nodules, swelling, dry skin;
- feeling of heaviness in the legs - they seem to burst from the inside;basically, it happens in the evenings, after a working day;
- extremities swell, the intensity of edema depends on the location of the thrombus - the closer to the pelvic region, the swelling is stronger;
- lymph nodes in the groin area widen;
- thickening of the veins on the legs, they clearly appear on the surface of the skin.
The number and intensity of symptoms depends on the stage of the disease - the longer it is left untreated, the more severe the symptomatology will be.
Over time, the inflammatory process can cause severe headaches, increased sweating.
Progressing, thrombophlebitis will be accompanied by such phenomena as the formation of extensive eczema and the appearance of trophic non-healing ulcers that can go to gangrene.
Consequences can be the most sad - leg amputation, blood poisoning and even death. But the greatest danger is the possibility of a thrombus, which can come off and lead to death.
General recommendations
For the treatment of thrombophlebitis, conservative or surgical methods are used.
In addition, a special diet, gymnastics and physiotherapy procedures are prescribed.
Conservative treatment is effective only at the initial stages of the disease. To improve the condition of the venous walls and valves, the following medicines can be prescribed:
- Venotonics - Venoruton, Endotelon, Tribenol, Escuzan, Detralex, Glivenol, Ascorutin, Vazobral, Anvenol, Fleobodia-600.These drugs improve the elasticity of the venous walls, restore the structure of tissues, increase blood circulation in the legs.
- Anticoagulants - Hirudin, Aspirin, Heparin, Fenindion, Lyoton 1000. These drugs reduce blood clotting, thereby preventing thrombus formation.
- Creams and ointments with venotensive effect - Essaven, Troxevasin, Venitan.
- Antiaggregants - Trombonil, Curantil or Persantin. These drugs contribute to "resorption" of blood clots.
- If already formed trophic ulcers, to combat them use drugs such as: Preductal, Anginin, Trental.
In addition to medical therapy, wearing compression lingerie, a special diet that excludes smoked, fried and fatty foods, as well as moderate exercise - cycling, jogging or ordinary walking can be prescribed.
At any stage of the disease, it is required to restrict bath and sauna visits, as well as to avoid sunbathing, as ultraviolet rays can have a detrimental effect on the patient's condition.
In severe stages of the disease, when there is a risk of developing thrombosis, a surgical procedure is performed, during which the veins are removed from the veins, and then the cut themselves veins.
What folk remedies exist for treatment?
Folk recipes can greatly assist in the treatment of thrombophlebitis of the lower extremities. Many traditional medicine helps reduce pain symptoms, relieve puffiness and improve the general condition of the patient:
- The bee shoe .In fact, these are dead bees, which young individuals carry to a special stand, located inside the hive. It is necessary to collect the calf of bees, measure 5 tablespoons and pour 40% alcohol. Tincture should be kept for 2 weeks, then drain. In the resulting liquid, it is necessary to moisten the tissue and apply it to the affected legs for 2 hours. Other recipes of alcoholic tinctures on the bee soup can be found in this article.
- Compress of honey .It takes a linen napkin, which is soaked in pure honey and applied to a sore spot. To increase the effectiveness of the product, it is recommended to add honey juice or crushed Kalanchoe leaves to honey.
- Propolis. Take 10 tablespoons of propolis, crushed, then mix with 300 g of hot butter, then slightly warmed up over low heat. This mixture can be rubbed into the affected veins or applied as a compress.
- Goose fat .This remedy has been used since ancient times to treat ulcers, thrombophlebitis and many other diseases. The most effective effect has goose fat, mixed with the root of comfrey. To make it, you need to take 100 grams of fat, add 30 g of roots, mix and warm for 15 minutes, then strain. This ointment needs to handle affected areas twice a day. Apple vinegar .Very effective remedy for fighting thrombophlebitis of the legs. It is best to use homemade vinegar. It can be used as compresses or rubbing. Pure vinegar can adversely affect the skin, so it is recommended to dilute it with water, in a ratio of 1:10.Tincture of horse chestnut .It is necessary to take 10 g of fruits or flowers of this plant, finely chop and pour ½ glass of vodka, then keep 1,5 weeks in a darkened place, occasionally shaking infusion. Next, you need to strain and take the drug three times a day for 20 drops before eating.
What is not recommended?
Thrombophlebitis is an extremely serious disease and it is not advisable to engage in self-medication.
The use of any methods of traditional medicine should be agreed with the attending physician. In addition, with this disease it is impossible:
- to take hot baths, visit steam rooms, saunas;
- to eat black currant, fatty meat, bananas, as well as any products that increase the viscosity of the blood;
- walk in high-heeled shoes;
- drink too much liquid because it promotes edema formation;
- consumes a lot of salty foods;
- expose themselves to frequent physical and psychological overload, engage in sports in which the legs are subjected to high stress.
It is recommended to include more plant foods in the diet, especially in raw form, perform morning exercises, and in the evenings go out for a short walk.
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Prevention measures
Adherence to a number of preventive measures can prevent the possibility of developing thrombophlebitis:
- regularly visit a doctor and undergo scheduled medical examinations for timely detection of the disease;
- wear comfortable shoes;
- during rest and sleep of the leg is recommended to be placed just above the trunk in order to improve blood circulation;
- to control your weight, timely get rid of excess fat, do not overeat;
- does not lift weights;
- to exclude too long being in direct sunlight, especially if there are already signs of varicose veins.
In addition, it is important to observe moderate physical activity - often walking outdoors, bicycling, swimming. Such measures will help improve blood circulation in the legs and eliminate possible stagnant processes in the veins.
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