Helicobacter pylori gastritis

If the organism gets Helicobacter pylori type, there is a high probability of Helicobacter pylori. For the most part, the pathology proceeds according to the chronic type and is characterized by mild clinical symptoms.

The presence of an agent does not always cause health problems. Many patients do not even make any complaints. According to statistics, Helicobacter pylori is found in every second inhabitant of the Earth. Experts associate the effect of bacteria on the body with the appearance of malignant tumors.

The scheme of treatment of gastritis with helikobakter practically does not differ from the therapy of other forms of the disease. The basis of treatment consists of antibacterial drugs, whose action is aimed at destroying the pathogen. The disease is well curable and has good predictions.

What is Helicobacter pylori?

Helicobacter pylori is a spiral-like microorganism whose colonies are localized in the antrum of the stomach. The organs of the digestive system are a good habitat for the infection, as it does not require much air for its propagation. Bacteria can cause the development of diseases such as atrophic gastritis, duodenitis, peptic ulcer, lymphoma.

The bacterium is the main cause of cancer of the non-cardiac part of the stomach. Penetrating into the stomach, the bacterium begins to produce a person substance, which in its properties is similar to ammonia. It neutralizes hydrochloric acid, reduces acidity and creates favorable conditions for the active reproduction of pathogenic microflora.

Helicobacter pylori makes the gastric juice liquid and unable to perform its protective function. Bacteria affect the epithelium, reducing its functional capacity. Disease-causing microorganisms multiply rapidly and colonize the stomach.

Infection provokes the production of a cytotoxin, which forms erosions and ulcers. The development of the disease is directly related to the state of the immune system. Many people are only carriers of the infection, but do not get sick themselves.

Causes of gastritis and the mechanism of development of

Helicobacter pylori occurs due to infection. You can get infected through a kiss, food, medical tools, household items. Most often, children are infected.

The formation of the pathological process takes place in several basic stages:

• pathogenic microflora penetrates the pyloric part of the stomach, in which there is a high urea content. The bacterium converts urea to ammonia, creating an alkaline environment around itself;
• Helicobacter pylori is fixed to the cells of the epithelium due to the fact that it produces mucinase - a substance that makes the gastric juice more liquid;
• , after damage to the epithelial cells, active propagation of infectious agents takes place. This leads to activation of the inflammatory reaction;
• increased secretion of gastrin leads to the formation of gastritis with increased acidity;
• further damage leads to the formation of defects - ulcers and erosion.

Symptoms of

Symptoms of gastritis associated with Helicobacter pylori do not differ from other forms of the disease:

• pain in the area of ​​the stomach after eating;
• belching bitter or sour;
• burning sensation in the esophagus;
• plaque in the language;
• diarrhea, followed by a delayed stool;
• nausea;
• lack of appetite;
• thirst;
• feeling of heaviness;
• flatulence;
• change in taste in the mouth;
• rumbling of the abdomen;
• bad breath;
• cracks in the corners of the mouth;
• weight loss;
• skin rashes.

Helicobacter pylori infection causes aching pain for a long period of time. Often the diagnosis is made against the background of the existing gastritis of unexplained etiology and when close relatives were detected with a bacterium.

Species

Depending on the location of the bacteria, the specialists distinguish acute, chronic and latent form of the disease. Latent gastritis is characterized by asymptomatic course. The acute form is characterized by hyperthermia, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting.

The chronic form develops in several stages. First, atrophic changes are localized on a small part of the organ, then the entire inner wall of the stomach is thinning. Progression of the process is fraught with the appearance of peptic ulcer.

Erosive

The disease is characterized by destruction of the gastric mucosa. In the early stages, defects can be insignificant and localize on the outer shell of the stomach. As the symptoms spread, the clinical symptoms become more pronounced.

Erosive gastritis associated with Helicobacter pylori manifests itself in the form of such symptoms: severity after eating, nausea, heartburn, vomiting, diarrhea with blood impurities, stupid epigastric pain.

An important diagnostic value is the endoscopic examination. Also, the doctor can prescribe a radiology study, a general blood test, and also feces for hidden blood.
The basis of treatment is the elimination of bacteria. As antibacterial agents used tetracycline, levofloxacin, Clarithromycin.

The second stage of the healing process is the normalization of the acidity of the stomach. Antacids are prescribed for this purpose. Along with this, enzymatic preparations are often used. And the final stage is the restoration of the gastric mucosa.

Atrophic

Atrophic inflammation of the stomach is considered a precancerous condition. Helicobacter pylori infection causes chronic cell damage and weakens the local protective properties of the gastric mucosa. This leads to the fact that toxic substances and free radicals can freely penetrate into tissues and damage cells.

Early treatment of the disease is hampered by the fact that the initial stages of the pathological process do not manifest themselves at all. Violation of absorption of vitamins and iron provokes the appearance of anemic syndrome. Bacterial damage causes dyspeptic disorders - a violation of the digestive process.

The main task of gastroenterologists is to prevent cancer transformation. With the timely treatment of a significant improvement in the state of the epithelium can be expected in about five years. To neutralize the infectious process, anthelchebinobacter antibiotics, proton pump inhibitors, and bismuth preparations are prescribed.

Superficial

It is characterized by inflammation of the superficial layer of the stomach. The superficial form is considered the easiest form of the disease. The disease causes a violation of the motor function. Drug treatment is supplemented by diet and folk medication.

Diagnostic examination of

It is extremely important for people at risk to be screened for an infectious agent. Knowing that gastritis with helikobakter pylori can be malignant, encourages to allocate time for examination.

To identify the pathogen, a blood test is performed for the presence of antibodies to Helicobacter pylori infection. Stool analysis can also reveal the genetic material of a pathogenic microorganism. A breath test can detect urease, an enzyme released by a bacterium. But nevertheless the most informative is carrying out fibrogastroscopy.

Indications for carrying out the study for Helicobacter pylori are such symptoms:

• incomprehensible pain, flatulence, grumbling, heartburn, heaviness, diarrhea or constipation;
• rapid intoxication from small doses of alcohol. The fact is that bacteria disrupt the process of food processing and the action of enzymes that process alcohol;
• poor health after eating fatty, fried, spicy;
• attacks of nausea and vomiting.

Blood test

It's impossible to detect the bacterium in the blood, because it does not get there. The habitat of Helicobacter pylori is the stomach and intestines. In the blood, the presence of antibodies and immunoglobulins can be determined. Venous blood is suitable for research.

It is worth considering the fact that antibodies to Helicobacter pylori are formed about a month later, so the absence of their blood can not guarantee that there is no bacteria in the body. Also, after the affliction of the disease, the antibodies can remain in the blood for a long time, especially for elderly people.

False-positive and false-negative results are possible. The PCR method involves not simply the detection of antibodies, but the genetic code of the microorganism itself. The study is extremely precise!

Stool analysis

Stool examination for suspected Helicobacter pylori is a good way to diagnose small children and elderly people. Fecal masses are an unfavorable habitat for bacteria, but the pathogenic microflora has learned to adapt to such conditions. Cal is examined by the PCR method, which was mentioned above.

Respiratory test

Carried out to determine carbon dioxide. The bacterium produces urease, which breaks urea into ammonia and carbon dioxide. First, the patient breathes into the tube, after which he is given a solution with urea. After that, take a few more breath tests.

Biopsy

The material for the study is taken directly during a biopsy. The procedure allows to determine the localization of the bacterium and the degree of mucosal involvement. A piece of tissue is peeled off the stomach wall. The study also helps to identify the presence of cysts, polyps and cancer.

Features of treatment

Treatment of gastritis caused by Helicobacter pylori infection requires an integrated approach. Medication includes the use of such drugs:

• antibiotics for gastritis: Clarithromycin, Tetracycline, Amoxicillin. Their appointment is done by the attending physician;
• antimicrobials: Metronidazole, Trichopol, Tinidazole;
• inhibitors for blocking excessive production of hydrochloric acid: Rabeprazole, Omeprozole;
• bismuth containing preparations: De-nol, Vis-nol, Vicair.

Separately want to say about De-nol. This drug forms a protective mucus and has a restorative function. The agent helps to cover erosion with epithelium and scarring of ulcers. To reduce the inflammatory process spasmolytics help, mucous cells can be protected by antacids, and when vitamin deficiency is prescribed, multivitamin complexes.

Popular advice

It is encouraging to think that the herbs will help neutralize the bacteria, it would be silly. Only antibacterial and antimicrobial drugs are able to kill Helicobacter pylori.

But folk recipes can collectively accelerate the healing process and remove unpleasant symptoms.

Use beekeeping products - honey and propolis. Proved that propolis has immunostimulating properties and helps the body better fight the disease. Infusion of flax seeds is a wonderful natural inhibitor. Flax has enveloping, anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties.

Diet

During the exacerbation of the disease should follow a diet:

• frequent fractional meals;
• to exclude smoking and alcohol;
• eat food warmly;
• Avoid the consumption of floury, sweet, sour, salty, fatty, roast;
• eat food in crushed ragged form;
• vegetables and fruits should be thermally treated.

Prevention

If you want to avoid the development of the disease, do not forget the simple rules of personal hygiene:

• thoroughly wash your hands with soap after walking, visiting the restroom and before eating;
• cutlery should be everyone's own;
• do not drink from one bottle;
• only use your toothbrush;
• , please contact the approved specialized agencies where the instruments are thoroughly disinfected and sterilized.

Gastritis, associated with Helicobacter pylori, is a serious disease that can cause ulcers and even cancer. The bacterium thins the mucous membrane, disrupts the functioning of the glands and enzymes, worsening the process of digestion. To infect a pathogenic organism it is possible through a kiss, a handshake, the general using of household objects.

The presence of pathogens can be detected using blood, feces, respiratory samples, as well as gastroscopy. Effective treatment is a complex of antibacterial therapy, folk treatment and dietary nutrition. Do not self-medicate, follow the recommendations of a specialist.