Diet number 3 with constipation

Scientific foundations of diet therapy were developed in the XIX century, when they began to study in detail the physiology and chemistry of nutrition, protein balance,determined the necessary amount of minerals and vitamins in the daily diet. A little less than a hundred years ago, M.I.Pevsner developed a group system of therapeutic nutrition, which took into account the most common diseases.

Diets were first used only in large hospitals and resorts, and then, since proven effective, were introduced into the practice of all hospital facilities. Diet is appointed based on the nature of the disease, its flow characteristics, the presence of concomitant pathologies, taste preferences of the patient.

Features of the diet № 3

In diseases of the digestive tract( during remission), which are accompanied by persistent constipation, diet No 3 is recommended. It assumes a normal amount of protein and carbohydrates, but increases the fat intake in the diet mainly due to vegetable oil. Thus, a day a person should consume 85-100 grams of protein, 450-500 grams of carbohydrates and 100-120 grams of fat.

Caloric content of a daily ration is 3000-3500 kcal. Diet No 3 with constipation contributes to the normalization of motor activity of the intestine, which speeds up the excretion of stool. The therapeutic effect is achieved by increasing the incoming amount of fiber and magnesium, which are found in vegetables, fruits, dried fruits, cereals, fermented milk products.

According to dietary nutrition, corresponding to table number 3, the patient should consume cold first dishes, sweets, drinks with gas, and remove foods that enhance fermentation and putrefaction in the gastrointestinal tract( hereinafter - the gastrointestinal tract), irritate the mucosa, increase the secretory function.

The diet provides for moderate shivering of the digestive tract, which means that it does not need to grind all the dishes and allows the use of dishes that have passed through any culinary treatment other than frying and steaming. It is recommended to eat 4-6 times a day with equal time intervals between meals, as well as small portions, so as not to overload the digestive tract.

For constipation, it is important to adhere to the drinking regimen: for a day it is advised to drink 1.5 liters of liquid( soup, compote, juice is taken into account).When there is a lack of liquid, the stool masses harden, which greatly complicates their progress. In the presence of a nucleus( a bone, a large piece of food), a calculus is formed, which blocks the lumen of the gut and obstructs the movement of the stool, stretches the walls, thereby causing constipation.

Diet No 3 with constipation provides for an increase in products that accelerate the motility of the large intestine, namely:

• in which there are many sugars( jam, honey, syrup);
• containing salt( salted fish, jerky, salted vegetables, canned snacks);
• rich in organic acids( pickled vegetables, sauerkraut, sour fruits and juices from them, mors, sour-milk drinks);
• with a high fiber content( bran, dried fruits, raw vegetables and fruits, cereals from cereals, cereals);
• meat, where there is more connective tissue;
• carbonated beverages;
• products and dishes with fats( sour cream, cream, salads with vegetable oil);
• cold first courses, drinks and desserts( okroshka, beetroot, cold meat, ice cream);
• is swelling in the digestive tract( fiber, sea kale, bran).

Salt, sugars and products swelling in the tract cause more fluid to enter the intestines, which helps to soften the stool mass.

. Dietary fiber contained in cereals, vegetables and fruits is not digested in the intestines, but leaves unchanged, absorbing harmful substances andincreasing peristalsis, which normalizes the motility of the gastrointestinal tract. Organic acids inhibit the growth of pathogenic microflora in the intestine, stimulate the secretion of gastric juice, accelerate the contractions of smooth musculature of the intestine, normalize the stool, as the pH level in the gastrointestinal tract is increased.

For example, malic acid, which is found in the leaves of tobacco, barberry, cornelian fruits, green apples, grapes, gooseberries, is used in pharmacology to create laxatives. As research shows, the bacterial flora that inhabits the large intestine participates in the process of digestion. It destroys the excess of digestive enzymes, as well as certain pharmacological active substances and toxins formed during digestion.

Microorganisms synthesize 9 vitamins, so they play an important role in the vitamin balance. Some experts believe that the microflora of the gastrointestinal tract is equally active in the chemical transformations of exogenous substances, like the liver. If the intestines are dominated by pathogenic microorganisms, the digestive process is disrupted, the walls of the organ become inflamed, and the patient complains of diarrhea or constipation, flatulence, and abdominal pain.

To restore the microflora, it is possible to take preparations containing beneficial bacteria, increasing the consumption of sour-milk drinks and live yoghurts by reducing the consumption of protein foods. Cold foods, the temperature of which is less than 15 degrees, increases intestinal peristalsis and reduces the production of gastric juice, so it is recommended to drink chilled drinks with constipation.

Dishes that are hotter than 60 degrees, on the contrary, reduce motor activity and increase secretion, which means that they have fixing properties and they should be excluded from the diet. It is recommended in the mornings on an empty stomach to drink a mug of cold water with honey or juice, and at night drink kefir, compote of dried fruits or fruits.

It is also useful to drink an empty stomach a couple of spoons of any vegetable oil. It envelops the walls of the intestine and accelerates the movement of stool masses. The oil can be replaced with 100 grams of cream or fatty sour cream.

Which products are useful and harmful for constipation

The diet table "three" allows the consumption of almost all vegetables. Weak effect: beets, carrots, cucumber, tomato, pumpkin, zucchini, cauliflower. They can be eaten raw or after heat treatment( cooking, quenching).If there is no pronounced meteorism, then it is allowed to consume white cabbage and green peas.

Especially effective for constipation of vinaigrette, vegetable caviar, sea kale

Soups should be cooked on a thin broth, as the rich broth strengthens the secretion of gastric juice. And since there should be more vegetables in the diet, it is recommended to make colds, borsch, beetroot, shchi. Will be useful and soups with pearl barley.

Dietary meat( beef, veal, rabbit, chicken, turkey) is easier to digest and quickly leaves the digestive tract, which is why it is recommended for diets. With constipation, the gastrointestinal motility of the gastrointestinal tract is buckwheat, millet, wheat, corn, and barley. It is desirable to cook porridges crumbly, and meat and fish should be baked in pieces.

Every day you need to drink sour milk drinks, because they contain organic acids and improve the microflora of the large intestine. With koprostaz help kefir, yogurt, kumis, fermented baked milk, yogurt.

Also in the diet, you need to include fresh cottage cheese or cook casseroles, dumplings, puddings from it. It is not desirable to drink whole milk, but its presence in dishes is allowed.

Fruits and berries with increased content of plant fiber and sugar are useful in difficulties with bowel movement. You need to eat more apricots, watermelon, melons, nectarines, peaches, plums, apples. Relax also dried fruits( prunes, dried apricots, figs, apricots), which you can eat fresh or from compotes.

From sweets it is better to give preference to jam, pastille, marshmallow, honey, marmalade, milk caramel, jelly. Bread is better than yesterday's pastries and choose wheat, cereal, rye or from wheat flour of the second grade. You can eat dry or oatmeal cookies, biscuit.

You can use cream, mild cheeses, a little sour cream. Eggs can be eaten cooked soft-boiled or cook an omelet out of them. Speed ​​up the intestinal motility of carbonated sweet drinks or water, loose tea and coffee, a decoction based on bran or rose hips. Juices from plums, apricots, carrots, beets or tomatoes are also useful.

If constipation should be removed from the diet drinks with tannins( strong tea and coffee, cocoa, pear from pears, quinces, bird cherries or blueberries), as well as dishes that require a lot of time to split( mucous soups and cereals, mashed potatoes, fattymeat and fish, canned food, hard-boiled eggs).Under the prohibition of eating chocolate and cream, baking from yeast or puff pastry.

You also can not eat spicy dishes and sauces, mustard, horseradish, as they irritate the mucous tissue of the digestive tract. When constipating from the menu, it is recommended to remove products with starch, since they have fixing properties. This is rice, semolina, noodles, sago, vermicelli, potatoes.

Approximate diet menu No 3

If, in addition to constipation, there are complaints of heaviness in the abdomen( increased gas formation) after eating, then the diet should be removed from legumes and vegetables with coarse fiber, such as radish, radish, cabbage. The processes of putrefaction and fermentation, which are accompanied by the release of a large amount of gas, are more intense when using proteins of animal origin, so it is better to limit them.

A diet for constipation, which is prescribed to children, does not differ in principle from the therapeutic diet recommended by adults. In infants, the delay in the emptying of the intestine, as a rule, arises from the immaturity of the digestive tract, and organic lesions are rare.

With functional locks, it is recommended that you enter the lure in time and monitor the child's drinking regimen. In the diet, first, homogenize puree from the vegetable marrow, carrots, apple, plums. The baby's menu should also include buckwheat and oatmeal. In children older than 3 years in the diet are present almost all products, so there is no restriction on dietary nutrition.

But a small child is difficult to feed something that is not very tasty, which means one must take into account his taste preferences. Some babies eat yoghurts well and drink kefir, others like vegetables and fruits, and some do not refuse compote from dried fruits. It remains only to find the product to taste and often offer it.

And although diet No 3 allows the use of sweets and carbonated drinks, it is not necessary to abuse it, because they can have a negative effect on the teeth or cause other problems, for example, flatulence, obesity. Also, it must be remembered that the same product can influence digestion in different ways. For example, apple puree strengthens, and the apple, eaten with a peel, on the contrary, accelerates the motor skills.

Is it always recommended for constipation diet number 3

Constipation can be caused not only by organic disorders of the digestive tract. It also arises from lack of physical activity, lack of products stimulating motor skills( for example, with a long sparing diet), can be psychogenic. In this case, a dietary table No 15 with an increased amount of laxative products is prescribed.

If constipation occurs during an exacerbation of chronic bowel disease, then a sparing diet No 4B is indicated, which implies a mechanical shaking of the digestive tract, and peristalsis is stimulated by softer methods( cold drinks, vegetable purees with vegetable oil, baked apples, kefir).

If the cause of constipation is a sick liver, then diet No 5 is recommended. According to her, the patient should consume more fiber and magnesium, which are contained in buckwheat, pearl barley, oatmeal, wheat, grain bread, vegetables and fruits, honey.

Products that improve bowel function

Difficulties with bowel evacuation that occur on the background of peptic ulcer or gastritis can be overcome by adhering to diet table No 1. Chemical, thermal and mechanical shading of the mucosa is assumed, which means that you can not eat cold foods,cellulose or organic acids.

Motor activity is improved with homogenized vegetable purees, boiled dried fruits, vegetable oil. In some cases, constipation is caused by a psychological condition. For example, if you do not want to go to the toilet outside the house, the child suppresses the urge to defecate, as a result, water from the large intestine is absorbed, stool hardens, which makes it difficult to defecate( it should be noted that constipation for this reason can occur in adults).

In this case, the child should be taught to go to the toilet at a certain time, for example, before visiting the kindergarten. Also, difficulties with defecation can occur with a sharp excommunication from the chest, violent accustoming to a pot. Even though constipation and flatulence are the dominant signs, they remain only symptoms of the disease, and the appointment of a diet table should take into account the underlying pathology.

What is recommended for atony of the large intestine( cold dishes, high amounts of fiber and organic acids) can increase the severity of the inflammatory process and aggravate the course of gastritis, colitis, gastroenteritis, enterocolitis. Therefore, before you include in the diet an increased amount of dietary fiber and sour fruits, you need to establish the cause of constipation.