Forming a culture of healthy lifestyles among schoolchildren

"If you can not raise a child so that he does not hurt at all, then, at any rate, it is quite possible to maintain a high level of health in him," NM Amosov said.

According to the definition of the World Health Organization( WHO), human health is a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being.

Health status is the basis of personality formation! As the great teacher V.А.Sukhomlinsky: "Experience convinces us that 85% of all underachieving students, the main reason for the backlog in school is a poor state of health, some malaise or illness."

The concept of "health" has many definitions. But the most popular and capacious one should still recognize the definition given by WHO:

"Health is a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being, and not simply the absence of disease or infirmity."

Actuality of forming a healthy lifestyle culture for students

Hence the relevance of the problemssituation: The health of children in any society and in any socio-economic and political situations is the most urgent problem and subject of priority importance, as it determines the future of the country, the gene pool of the nation, the scientific and economic potential of society and, along with other demographic indicators, is sensitivea barometer of social and economic development of the country.

The formation of the culture of a healthy lifestyle of students is a complex formation of their knowledge, attitudes, personal orientations and norms of behavior that ensure the preservation and strengthening of physical and psychological health as one of the value components that contribute to the cognitive and emotional development of the child, the achievement of the planned results of mastering the basic educational programprimary general education.

That's why any general education institution should become a "school of healthy life style" for children, where any of their activities( educational, sports, leisure, and food intake and motor activity, etc.) will have a health-pedagogical orientation and contribute to the upbringing of their habits, and then the needs for a healthy lifestyle, the formation of skills for making independent decisions with respect to maintaining and strengthening their health.

Valeological culture, healthy traditions

Recently, as part of the general culture of man, valeological culture is singled out - the individual's social and psychological activity aimed at strengthening and preserving health, mastering the norms, principles, traditions of HLS, turning them into inner wealth of the individual.

An integral part of any culture is the tradition formed on the basis of a long experience of group activity and firmly entrenched in everyday life, passed on to the social community of rules, norms and stereotypes of behavior, actions, communication of people, which became a public need of everyone.

Creating traditions is a long-term process, which requires a change of several generations. After all, it is important not only to accumulate knowledge, but also to find them practical and constant application at the level of natural needs, habits, attachments. It is not enough to know and understand, it's important to live it.

Based on this, I. Yu. Zhukovin recommends changing the attitude of people to healthy lifestyle on the basis of the formation of traditions and value motivations.

Creating an educational environment for

Around the children from the earliest childhood it is necessary to create an educational and educational environment that is full of attributes, symbols, terminology, knowledge, rituals and customs of valeological character.

This will lead to the formation of the need to lead a healthy lifestyle, to consciously protect their health and the health of surrounding people, to acquire the necessary practical skills and skills for this.

Thus, the formed traditions of HLS are becoming the property of the nation, the state, an integral part of children's lives.

At the same time, it is necessary to take into account that the person's way of life does not develop on its own, depending on the circumstances, but is formed throughout the life purposefully and permanently, and the school urges to support and develop interest in HLS.

Children's interest in recreational activities

Often children have no interest in recreational activities.

According to GK Zaitsev, this is due to the fact that, firstly, recommendations for a healthy lifestyle are implanted in children most often in a cautionary categorical form and do not cause them positive emotional reactions, and secondly, adults themselves rarelyadhere to these rules in everyday life, and children see it well.

In addition, the implementation of the necessary rules for a healthy lifestyle requires a significant amount of strong-willed efforts from the person, which is extremely difficult for the child-the primary school with an insufficiently formed emotional-volitional sphere. Therefore, in working with children, it is important to remember and keep the commandments formulated by the genius Russian director Stanislavsky: the difficult must be made habitual, and the usual one - easy and pleasant.

Based on this recreational-pedagogical activity, they should be systematic and complex, evoke positive emotional reactions in the child, as much as possible contain elements of the didactic game and motor exercises. In addition, the materials of such classes should be reflected in all the regime moments( training sessions, day schedule, physical education, educational activities).

You can not buy health, but you can make money!

According to BN Chumakov, you can not buy health, you can only earn it by your own constant efforts. But in order to preserve the health of the child, it is necessary to unite the efforts of all adults surrounding him( parents, educators, doctors, teachers, etc.), with the goal of creating an atmosphere around him filled with the needs, traditions and habits of a healthy lifestyle. Thus, from an early age a certain culture of behavior and a corresponding lifestyle is formed.

The knowledge, skills and skills of valeological nature, laid down in childhood, will become a solid foundation for creating a positive motivation to protect their own health in adulthood.

Circle "School of Doctors of Nature"

To date, the realities of life are such that the percentage of children belonging to the risk group in the pre-school and general education schools increases. Such a situation led to the need to introduce from the first class a circle called the School of Doctors of Nature.

At present, the school implements a competence approach in education, as well as in the upbringing of the personality's orientation towards the maintenance of a healthy lifestyle. The education of students in a healthy way of life, their preparedness for the preservation of health form on the basis of educational competencies.

Educational competences: seven aspects of

Value-oriented competence. This competence in the worldview, associated with the values ​​of the student's values ​​for health and a healthy lifestyle, his ability to see and understand a healthy way of life, to be guided in it, to realize his role and purpose, to be able to choose the target and semantic guidelines for his actions and actions,aimed at strengthening and preserving their health.

General cultural competence. A lot of questions, in relation to which the student should be well informed, possess knowledge and experience of activity, are the features of national and universal culture, the spiritual and moral foundations of human and human life, the cultural foundations of family, social, social phenomena and traditions, the role of sport andphysical education in human life.

Educational and cognitive competence. The totality of pupil's competences in the sphere of independent cognitive activity, elements of logical, general educational activity, correlated with real cognizable objects. This includes knowledge and skills of organizing physical education, goal-setting, planning, analysis, reflection, self-assessment of their health.

Information competence. With the help of technical means and information technologies, skills are created to independently search for, analyze and select the necessary information on the preservation of health, organize, transform, preserve and transmit it at conferences, reports, abstracts.

Communicative competence. Includes knowledge of ways to interact with surrounding people, teamwork skills, possession of various social roles in the team, ensuring mutual health preservation.

Social competence means knowledge of and experience in public health, social work, family relations and responsibilities.

The personal competence is aimed at mastering the ways of physical, spiritual and intellectual self-improvement, emotional self-regulation and self-support of one's personal health, as well as a set of qualities related to the basics of safe living.

It is very important that these competences include knowledge, skills, reflect a holistic and integrated representation of those components of the socio-cultural experience that a person is in the process of education.

The purpose, the tasks of the circle and the predicted result

The purpose of the mug : To teach children to be healthy in body and soul, strive to create their own health, applying knowledge and skills in accordance with the laws of nature, laws of life.

Tasks of the circle:

1. Creation in children of the motivational sphere of hygienic behavior, safe life, physical education;
2. Providing physical and mental self-development.

Predictive result : Healthy physically, mentally, morally, adequately assessing its place and purpose of life graduate.

Conducting lessons with parents makes it possible to identify problems in communicating Parent-Child and find common ways to solve them through the use of gaming and motor techniques, body therapy.

Organization of work with children

Organization of work with children is built taking into account the following methodological requirements:

Structure of classes :

1. Organizational moment.
2. Wellness minute( Appendix 1).
3. Didactic game or conversation game on the recurrence of the studied earlier.
4. Cognitive unit.
5. Post new material through a chat game or the children's independent conclusions based on observation, experience, etc.
6. Didactic or mobile anchoring game.
7. Relaxation with music.

Sanitation and hygiene requirements:

1. Classes are conducted in a well-ventilated, clean room.
2. The lighting level corresponds to the sanitary and hygienic requirements.
3. Children should wear comfortable clothes that do not interfere with their movement.
4. Classes are held no earlier than 30 minutes after meals and no later than 1 hour before meals.
5. Music for relaxation should not be loud.
6. The choice of exercises should correspond to the age characteristics of children.
7. Monitoring of the conditions of the child's stay in the OS is carried out by medical personnel.

Accounting for psycho-physiological and emotional-personal characteristics of children.

1. Conformity of the material level with the cognitive abilities and interests of children of this age.
2. Conformity of exercises to motor abilities of children.
3. Accounting for the individual characteristics of the child( temperament, emotional state, etc.).
4. Taking into account the individual characteristics of the cognitive sphere of each child( level of attention, memory, thinking, etc.) and the level of its efficiency.
5. Special attention is paid to children at risk.

Blocks of recreational and pedagogical classes

Wellness-pedagogical classes with schoolchildren consist of 6 blocks:

1. Know your body : In the classes on this block, children get an elementary idea about the structure and functions of some organs of their body( heart, brain, bones,), in addition, the impact on the work of these bodies of various forms of behavior is examined.
2. Adhere to hygiene rules : Special attention is paid to the formation of practical hygiene skills and skills.
3. Say "NO" to the bad habits of : In this block psychological methods are widely used;parallel to the prevention of bad habits is the consolidation of useful habits.
4. Practice physical education : Together with children, the importance of the movement for health, the benefits of outdoor games and sports are revealed.
5. Observe the day mode : The work is aimed at fostering self-reliance in the performance of the basic regime moments. Also, this unit includes knowledge of proper nutrition, since eating is one of the regime moments in kindergarten.
6. Follow the mood sensor : Children get an idea of ​​the mood, emotions and feelings, their health effects.

Classes are designed in the form of holidays, KVN, theatrical productions.

Considerations and Recommendations

It is not enough to teach a child to brush his teeth in the morning and in the evening, do exercises and eat healthy foods. It is necessary that already from an early age he learned to love himself, to people, to life. Only a person living in harmony with oneself and the world will be really healthy.

Classes about food, nutrition, we spend in the dining room. We visit it collectively three times. Here, the rules of good tone are studied, the theory is fixed by practice, a positive attitude is formed, healthy eating principles are fixed( thorough chewing, reasonable attitude to intake of liquid, including water).

Thus, a favorable basis is created for the formation not only of the somatic, but also mental and psychological health of the child.

The joint work of adults surrounding the schoolchild through the choice of methods, means and forms of education, as well as control over changes in the style of life, creates the foundation of a culture of healthy lifestyles, which includes positive motivation and knowledge, skills and skills of valeological character.

Appendix 1

Healthy minute "Sunny"

1. Close your eyes, extend your arms.
2. Imagine that you have small suns on your palms.
3. Through the fingers, like the rays of the sun, it's warm all over.
4. Hands relaxed, relax. We switch attention to our feet. Sun rays warm feet, toes.
5. Tiredness passes, muscles rest.
6. Imagine the stomach as a ball or ball.
7. On inhalation, the ball rises slightly, exhaling on exhalation.
8. Breath calms down, becomes smooth, uniform.
9. Smile at each other, say kind words.

Healthy minute "Etude of the soul"

Let us greet the doctors of Nature who give us health.

1. Put your hands down with your hands horizontally on the floor and say aloud: "I greet you, Earth!".
2. Pull your hands forward in front of you: "I greet you, Water!".
3. Bend your hands in the elbows and, lifting your palms to your shoulders, turn them to the sky: "I greet you, Air!".
4. Raise your hands in the palm of your hand forward: "I greet you, Sunny!"

Healthy minute "Create the sun in yourself"

Try to devote 1-3 minutes every day to good words. Every good word carries strength, energy, above all to the person who told it, and then to the one to whom these words are spoken. It is important not only to say a kind word, but also to put your soul into it. Without heat, without sincerity, the spoken word is lifeless.

Rude words do not say,
Only good give.

Source:

1. Zhukovin I. Yu. Valeology in the educational process of the auxiliary school / / Diagnosis, correction, valeology in special( correctional) education. Krasnoyarsk: RIO KSPU, 1999. p.54 - 59.
2. Zaitsev NK, Kolbanov VV The strategy of understanding a healthy lifestyle in teachers / / Valeology: Diagnosis, means and practice of health. Issue 3. Vladivostok: Dal'nauka, 1996. p.148-153.AS Torokhova EI Valeology: Dictionary. M.: Flint: Science.1999. 248 p.

The authorship of this article belongs to the teacher of primary classes of the MOU SOSH with WIOP No. 1 of Sovietsk of the Kirov region - Predeina Irina from the site https: //infourok.ru/ statya-formirovanie-kulturi-zozh-1205606.html