In this article, you will learn the basic information about stroke left hemorrhagic right side: the consequences of how many live after such a hemorrhage and with what difficulties patients encounter.
Contents of the article:
- Sequelae of stroke in figures
- Sequelae of stroke depending on hemorrhage
- Remote disorders after hemorrhage
Life of patients after bleeding to the brain structures will never be the same. The recovery period lasts for up to a year, and the period of the consequences of a stroke is the rest of your life.
The lost functions of higher nervous activity recover as much as possible in the first 3 months, the absence of positive dynamics at this time is a poor prognostic symptom. Only in terms of ability to speak, a term of up to a year is considered the norm.
The consequences depend on the area and extent of the hemorrhage. A small outflow of blood is characterized by single effects, with extensive hematomas the symptoms are combined with each other.
| Area of hemorrhage | Consequences of |
|---|---|
| Area of carotid arteries( right hemisphere of the brain) | Paralysis( complete loss of voluntary movements) or paresis( significant decrease in muscle strength) in the left half of the body( opposite to the spot of bleeding) Loss and impaired sensitivity of the left half of the bodyhemihepesthesia) Disruption of pelvic organs( urination, defecation, sexual function) Mental disorders( impaired perception of the body, denial of the disease, alterationmemory, behavior) Visual impairment |
| Vertebrobasillar zone( cerebellum, brainstem) | One- or two-sided loss of voluntary movements and sensitivity Inability to swallow, speak, make sounds( dysphagia, dysarthria, aphasia) Violation of coordination of movements, balance( ataxia) Tremor Doubling in the eyes, loss of half of the field of view( diplopia, hemianopsy) Decrease or total hearing loss on the right |
A distant consequence of the transferred cerebral hemorrhageIt is the loss of mental abilities( dementia) of varying degrees of severity.
During the first 6-12 months after a stroke, all patients require specialized care aimed at maintaining vital functions and restoring lost abilities.
Permanent external care is required, including:
- turns in bed to prevent pressure sores;
- feeding;
- hygiene procedures;
- massage, physiotherapy;
- development of speech, writing, memory, the ability to move independently.
This period is extremely complicated both for the patient himself, who suddenly became completely helpless, and for his relatives who often have to leave their jobs to provide round-the-clock help. This creates an additional psychological burden, requiring work with a medical psychologist or psychiatrist.
Without proper monitoring and recovery procedures, all patients with a history of extensive hemorrhagic stroke die within the first six months. Mortality in the group with full-fledged care during the first year reaches 30-40%.With good care and observation of doctors, 5-10% of patients can live many years, but half of them require constant help from surrounding people.
Monitoring, control of treatment and rehabilitation is carried out by doctors of several specialties: neurologist, therapist, psychologist or psychiatrist, physician LFK.
Effects of stroke in figures
Hemorrhage in the structure of the brain is 15-30% of all strokes, there is no precise data on the lesion of the right or left side.
30% of patients die within the first week after bleeding, an additional 30% in the first month( more often on the background of a re-hemorrhage).The remaining 40% live longer, 5-10% of these people can live many more years.
The rest of the statistics are general and not divided into ischemic and hemorrhagic type of blood supply disorder.
About 70% of strokes are diagnosed in the older age group, but cerebral blood flow disorders occur in children, including infants.
Within the first year after the infringement of cerebral blood supply, 40-45% of patients die, every fifth - from a repeated stroke. The maximum risk of death in the recovery period - with extensive lesions in the pool of carotid arteries.
Mortality after a second stroke is twice as high, the risk of recurrence of blood supply disorders in the first year is 10% and each subsequent increase by 5-8%.
Stroke of any type and volume is the cause of persistent disability, while after the recovery period:
- , 15-20% of patients return to easier work;
- 60% can self-reliant themselves at home;
- 19-35% of people remain completely dependent on others.
Household disorders that persist six months after the stroke:
| Breach of | Percentage of |
|---|---|
| Nutrition | 33 |
| Dressing | 31 |
| Personal hygiene | 49 |
| Control of urination and defecation | 7-11 |
| Walking | 15-20 |
| Adequate communication | 15 |
With good care and medical supervision 5-10% of patients can live many years, but half of them require constant help from surrounding people.
Men recover after a hemorrhage is much better than women. The maximum good effect of rehabilitation measures( 64%) was noted in the group of up to 50 years, in elderly patients it is possible to achieve significant positive dynamics only in 27%.
Consequences of a stroke depending on the area of the hemorrhage
The severity of the consequences of the violation of blood supply in the right side of the brain depends on the amount of damage to its substance and arterial pool.
Neurological disorders are divided by severity, degree of loss of abilities. Can be combined with each other.
Hemorrhages in the right hemisphere of the brain
- Violation or complete loss of movement in the left half of the body( hemiparesis, hemiplegia).May be incomplete, affecting only one limb or part of it.
In the first three months, with full care, the maximum recovery of lost functions. In the future, the volume of movements is practically not increased. Mobility in the lower limb is restored much better than in the upper.
The absence of a decrease in the neurological deficit after the first month of treatment is an extremely unfavorable prognosis for further recovery. - Complete loss, reduction or perversion of all kinds of sensitivity( pain, tactile, temperature) on the opposite foci of lesion to half of the body( hemi-hemesthesia).It can also be focal in nature, affecting only part of the limb, trunk or head.
- Disorders of the pelvic organs, sexual function. Dysuric disorders include incontinence or abnormal urinary retention, which requires removal by a catheter. Departure of the stool is broken by the type of constipation, in combination with the lack of control of spontaneous defecation.
- Mental disorders - a characteristic symptom of right-sided lesions of brain structures.
The focal point in the frontal lobe is characterized by aggression, lack of criticism of one's words and behavior, anger, excitement.
Hemorrhage in the temporal parietal zone leads to a loss of assessment of the severity of their condition( syndrome of "denial of the disease"), a violation of the spatial sensation of their body and its parts.
Memory suffers: patients can not chronologically sort their memories and( or) replace real events with fictional ones. With extensive lesions, there is a complete loss of memory. - Fall of half or separate quadrants of the field of view. Rarely, complete blindness.
Hemorrhage in occipital lobes, cerebellum, brainstem
- Complete loss of spontaneous movements in all extremities( tetraplegia), or the syndrome of "locked man" - the most severe consequence of stroke in the brainstem. Consciousness does not suffer at the same time, but the patient can not move and speak, the function of blinking is preserved.
- Sensitivity and movement disorders in the composition of "cross" or alternating syndromes, combining motor damage on one side and disrupting the function of the cranial nuclei on the other. May affect half of the body or some of its parts, lead to significant violations in the form of the inability to take a sip or swallow food, utter a sound.
Sensitivity violations from total loss to perversion. - Disturbances of balance, coordination during movements in the composition of cerebellar ataxia. Small or large-scale tremors may be noted. Significantly affect the quality of life, but are well resilient against the backdrop of rehabilitation activities.
- Visual disorders: double vision, disappearance of half of the field of vision, complete blindness.
- Impairment of eye mobility: from strabismus to complete immobility( paralysis of the eye).
- Loss or significant loss of hearing on the side of hemorrhage in brain tissue.
Remote disorders after the
hemorrhage In all patients after a stroke of the hemorrhagic right side, after several years the consequences include elements of cerebral dementia( dementia):
- gradual decrease in the ability to learn, develop new skills;
- memory impairment of a different nature: from initial forgetfulness to complete loss at a later date;
- inadequate behavior with different manifestations: aggression, tearfulness, agitation or inhibition, depression;
- increasing helplessness in work, life and care for themselves.
