Hypermobility of the joints

Syndrome of hypermobility of joints

Increased flexibility, stretchability of cartilage, ligaments and joints can be detected at any age on a routine medical examination.

The patient himself does not notice this until there are unpleasant symptoms.

Pain in the joints, crunching at the movements make it necessary to turn to the doctors closer to adolescence.

So what is the hypermobility of the joints?

At the heart of the condition is a hereditary feature of collagen formation or genetic pathology. Therefore, if it occurs in relatives and does not bring significant discomfort, then the child in the family is regarded as a variant of the norm.

Such children are more flexible, plastic than their peers, and parents are tempted Identify the child in the gymnastics, yoga section or orient him to any sport where these quality are needed. But such hasty decisions should not be taken.

Increased finger flexibility with hypermobility

Hypermobility of the joints in children will be a contraindication to those sports where stretching, flexibility, sharp movements, running and turns are required. The flexibility and plasticity of dancers and athletes is not only a natural ability, but also the result of training.

How to distinguish between natural and pathological flexibility?

A sign of hypermobility is an increase in the angle of extension in a number of joints (knee, elbow, hip), the joints of the hand and the spine.

To make the diagnosis, doctors use the Beaton scale (the total score for the main joints in points), but these data are variable and take into account the age, gender and condition of the patient.

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For example, in women during pregnancy, the connective tissue's extensibility will be higher, and this is due physiologically. In young people, the scale rating is normally higher than that of the older generation. Women are higher than men.

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Flexibility in one or two joints may be the norm option, but generalized (general) hypermobility often indicates the presence of genetic abnormality and may not be its only sign.

What are the symptoms of congenital pathology?

You can also read:What if the joints crackle?

• Unusual elasticity, thinness of the skin. The appearance of striae (during pregnancy, the option of the norm), scars, pigment spots after trauma.
• The presence of heart valve flaws (most often prolapse).
• Hernias of different localization (including postoperative ones) and omission of internal organs.
• Early onset of varicose veins, as well as rapid bruising after minor bruises. Vegetative dysfunction by type of hypotension.
• Defects of bone tissue, frequent fractures.
• Syndrome of hypotension in children. Such children later start to sit and walk.
• The presence of myopia, strabismus also indicates the possibility of a defect in the formation of collagen. These pathologies are associated with the weakness of connective tissue.

These are symptoms that indicate the systemic nature of the lesion and the presence of a genetic defect (eg, Marfan syndrome, Ehlers-Danlos syndrome).

But not always hypermobility of the joints is associated with such extensive changes in the body. Then we are talking about benign hypermobility.

Hypermobility in the Ehlers-Danlo syndrome

In any case, with the appearance of the following complaints, you need to undergo a checkup and begin treatment:

• Pain in the joints and muscles, often against the background of weather changes, emotional experiences, phases of the menstrual cycle.
• Frequent (chronic) dislocations and subluxations. Sprains of large joints: ankle, shoulder.
• Inflammation in the joints and in the zone around them (synovitis, bursitis), more often associated with physical exertion.
• Premature osteoarthritis and various deformities of the legs and feet, since the main body load is on the legs (flat-foot longitudinal or transverse, O or X shaped curvature of the legs).
• Pain and deformity of the spine. Intervertebral hernia. Such manifestations are not uncommon in women, but their earlier appearance is noteworthy.

What is the treatment?

The defect itself can not be corrected, but one should stick to a lifestyle that will provide the necessary protection for the joints.

First, physical education, which will strengthen the muscles. Strength exercises without increased loads on flexion-extension in the ligament apparatus. When choosing a complex it is worth consulting with a physician. It should be just physical education, not sport! Swimming is very useful.

One of the tests for hypermobility of the joint

Timely correction of flat feet. In a patient with weak ligaments, other leg joints also begin to deform more quickly: knee and hip. Therefore, this issue should be given attention and, if necessary, to begin treatment with an orthopedist and wearing orthopedic insoles.

With pain in the joints, myalgia will help take painkillers. Also, to strengthen the cartilaginous tissue, the doctor can prescribe chondroprotectors, medications that affect the formation of collagen, vitamins and agents that remove inflammation.

Physiotherapy has a good effect. Electro- and phonophoresis, applications with paraffin, amplipulse. Procedures are prescribed for pain, trauma and inflammation.

What should the patient remember?

That this defect in a complex with serious changes of all organism meets seldom enough.

But even in the case of benign, non-expressed changes, the ligamentous apparatus may not withstand increased loads. They need to be reduced, while strengthening the muscles.

Possible injuries with ruptured joints and dislocations should be avoided.

Where there is a danger of not coping with sharp movements, bends, loads on the ligament apparatus, you need to take care of yourself.

A source: http://MoyaSpina.ru/diagnostika/sindrom-gipermobilnosti-sustavov

What is the hypermobility syndrome of joints in children and adults?

Joints are arranged in such a way as to provide flexibility and mobility to the human body, but sometimes these properties become excessive. And then the doctors talk about the syndrome of hypermobility or hypermobility of the joints.

Definition of hypermobility

Any joint can provide movement only in a certain amount. This is due to the ligaments that surround it, and act as a stop.

For example, knee or elbow joints in this state can not only bend, but also re-divide in the opposite direction, which is impossible with the normal operation of the ligaments.

Causes of hypermobility of joints

There are various theories of the development of this state. Most doctors and scientists believe that excessive mobility of joints is associated with collagen extensibility. This substance is a part of the ligaments, the intercellular matter of the cartilage and is everywhere present in the human body.

When collagen fibers stretch more than usual, the movements in the joints become freer. This state is also called weak ligaments.

Prevalence

Syndrome of hypermobility of joints is quite common among the population, its frequency can reach 15%. It is not always fixed by doctors because of minor complaints. And patients do not often emphasize this, considering that they have weak ligaments.

At a young age, the syndrome is more common in girls. Older people rarely get sick.

Types of hypermobility of articulations

Syndrome of hypermobility of the joints - in most cases, congenital pathology. But it can not be attributed to an independent disease. Hyper-mobility of joints is only a consequence of connective tissue disease, of which joints and ligaments consist.

Often, even with the most thorough examination of connective tissue disease can not be identified. Then the doctors talk only about the violation of its development. On the part of the joints, the manifestations will be the same, but the prognosis for the patient is more favorable, the complications are less.

There are also artificial excessive mobility of the joints. She meets in sports - gymnastics, acrobatics.

For musicians and dancers, choreographers, hypermobile joints are a big advantage.

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In this case, hypermobility develops specifically - persistent training, stretching muscles and ligaments. Elastic ligaments provide the body with the necessary flexibility.

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Usually, this is possible for those who initially have a predisposition to the syndrome of hypermobility. Therefore, artificial hypermobility of joints can sometimes be considered as a pathological variant along with congenital.

Hypermobility of the joints can be one of the manifestations of other pathologies. To date, medicine knows several such diseases:

1. The most common disease, in which the excessive mobility of articulations is pronounced, is the Marfan syndrome. Until recently, all cases of "weak ligaments" were connected with it. People with Marfan syndrome are tall, thin, with long arms and very flexible, extremely flexible joints. Sometimes their articulations resemble rubber, especially with fingers.
2. Later drew attention to another disease - Ehlers-Danlos syndrome. With it, the range of joint movements is also extremely wide. Also, excessive stretchability of the skin is added to it.
3. Illness with an unfavorable prognosis - imperfect osteogenesis - like others, manifests a significant weakness of the ligamentous apparatus. But besides the weak ligaments for imperfect osteogenesis, frequent fractures of bones, hearing loss and other serious consequences are characteristic.

Transient hypermobility of joints

Some "looseness" of the joints can occur during pregnancy. Although pregnancy and not a disease, but with her in the body of a woman there are hormonal changes.

At the same time, a good goal is pursued - to prepare a lump joint and birth canal to stretch during childbirth. But since relaxin acts not on a specific joint, but on the entire connective tissue, the hypermobility also appears in other joints. After childbirth, she safely disappears.

Symptoms of hypermobility

All the symptoms associated with this pathology will be observed exclusively from the joint apparatus. People with hypermobility syndrome will make such complaints:

1. Frequent pain in the joints, even after minor injuries and usual physical exertion. Especially in this syndrome, knee and ankle suffer.
2. Dislocations, subluxations of articulations.
3. Inflammation of the membrane lining the joint cavity is synovitis. It is important that you can always notice a connection with the load or injury.
4. Constant pain in the thoracic spine.
5. Curvature of the spine - scoliosis. Even with the usual load - carrying a bag on the shoulder, improper sitting at the table - scoliosis will appear early, and the curvature will be significant.
6. Pain in the muscles.

Diagnostics

Hypermobile syndrome is recognized by an attentive physician at the patient's first treatment. It is enough to question him thoroughly about complaints, their connection with the load and carry out the simplest diagnostic tests:

1. Ask to reach out with your thumb to the inside of your forearm.
2. Offer to bring the little finger to the outside of the hand.
3. Check whether a person, bending, can lean his hands on the floor. In this case, the legs remain straight.
4. See what happens when straightening elbows and knees. With a hypermobile syndrome they re-divert to the other side.

Additional tests are needed if the doctor suspects a specific disease of connective tissue. Then the following methods are used:

• radiography;
• CT scan;
• biochemical blood test;
• consultations of related specialists - cardiologists, rheumatologists, oculists.

It must always be remembered that the mobility of joints is only one symptom of connective tissue disease. And all organs, in which it enters, will suffer.

And often these patients have complaints from the heart, vision, headaches, fatigue, muscle weakness, tinnitus.

Treatment

A method that would eliminate the cause of hypermobile syndrome does not exist. But this does not mean that such people remain without medical assistance. Therapy is mainly aimed at getting rid of complaints.

In the case where the joints are very mobile, orthoses are used. They help the weak ligaments to hold joints. Good results are provided by physiotherapy exercises.

Its feature is the training and strengthening of muscles with a fixed joint - isometric exercises.

In this case, the muscles, like the orthoses, will act as a limiter.

A source: http://MedOtvet.com/drugie-bolezni-sustavov/chto-takoe-sindrom-gipermobilnosti-sustavov-u-detei-i-vzroslyh.html

Causes and treatment of joint hypermobility

Hypermobility of the joints, or their excessive mobility, is not uncommon, especially in childhood.

Often, it passes without a trace with age, but in some cases, the deviation may remain and cause serious complications.

If congenital pathology, as a rule, does not cause concern, then many experts advise leaving it as it is. Excessive interference can do more harm than good.

Sometimes the joints acquire extraordinary mobility, up to anomalous manifestations, for example, when doing sports or dancing.

This occurs with regular stretching of the ligaments, allowing the limbs to flex at an unnatural angle. Often afterwards, this leads to various injuries - dislocations and sprains. Often the hyperplasticity of the joints leads to the development of certain diseases. They are not an independent pathology, but only a consequence of disorders in the musculoskeletal system.

Description of pathology

Syndrome of hypermobility of joints is a pathological disorder in the structure of the musculoskeletal system, which characterized by excessive mobility of articular joints, not associated with the presence of other rheumatic pathology.This syndrome is considered hereditary, and usually some members of the patient's family also exhibit such abnormalities. In some cases, this mobility is caused by constant stretching exercises of the articular ligaments. This is a local deviation from the norm. Additional causes for changes in connective tissues of the joints can be hyperparathyroidism, acromegaly, pregnancy.

Usually, doctors face limited, and not excessive, mobility of the joints. Patients rarely consult a doctor with a similar problem.

In many cases, it does not deliver problems to a person and it coexists with it from a young age, but at some point the deviation can become very complicated.

Mostly this occurs in adolescence.

It is not known how widespread the hypermobility of the joints is among the population. It is known that the European race is least susceptible to this disease. According to statistics, pathology is more common in women.

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Among children, such abnormalities at different stages are found in 7% of the subjects.

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Hypermobility of joints in children is difficult to detect. In the first years of life, she has every second child.

Only after 12 years of its existence becomes a special case.

Symptoms of the disease

Pathology is easily determined and reflects the condition of not only the musculoskeletal system, but also all connective tissues. A similar condition of the tissues is characterized as a hypermobile syndrome.
Hypermobility of joints is more often manifested in adolescence.

Signs of the presence of pathology:

1. The fifth finger on the arm bends in both directions.
2. When folded in the wrist joint, the first finger on the arm also bends.
3. The ulnar and knee joints overstrained above the norm.
4. When you tilt forward palms reach the floor, the knee joints remain motionless.

Additional manifestations include:
Myalgia and arthralgia. The pain is mainly localized in the knee, ankle and small joints. The degree of expression often depends on the weather, emotional changes, in women - from the menstrual cycle.

1. Acute articular pathologies - tenosynovitis, synovitis, bursitis, etc. More common in the complex with hypermobile syndrome. It can develop even when getting a minimal joint injury.
2. Systematic articular dislocations. Mostly shoulder, patella-femoral and metacarpophalangeal joints are affected. The risk of stretching ligaments on the ankle is increasing.
3. Development of premature osteoarthritis.
4. Painful sensations in the back.
5. Flat feet.
6. Dorsalgia. Disease of the spine, characterized by chronic pain. At rest, pain disappears, with prolonged standing or sitting significantly strengthened. The cause of such symptoms may be other diseases of the spine, but the syndrome of hypermobility of the joints is characterized precisely by dorsalgia.

In addition to articular abnormalities, there are other abnormalities in the body:

1. The skin becomes excessively stretchable, fragile and vulnerable. Stretch marks appear, as in pregnancy.
2. The vascular system suffers. Varicose is not excluded even at a relatively young age.
3. Predisposition to various hernias.
4. There are diseases of the respiratory system.
5. Pathology of the genitourinary system.
6. The teeth become corrupted.
7. Deviations in the work of the nervous system and the psyche are not excluded.

Such deviations are caused by a special cause, which is determined by the hypermobility of the joints.

The basis of the disease is a genetic defect in the structure of collagen - a special connective protein. This is characterized by its large extensibility.

Numerous studies have confirmed that normal operation of the musculoskeletal system requires proper interaction at the gene level. That is why pathology is often congenital.

Excess collagen also leads to painful extensibility of all other tissues of the body, which causes various diseases.

Treatment of pathology

Pathology has a variety of manifestations, and therapy should be tailored to the individual characteristics of the patient.

It is important that the patient understand that the problem is solved and does not threaten him with disability. First, general recommendations are given. Based on these, a person should minimize excessive stress on the joints.

In severe pain syndrome, it is recommended to wear elastic orthoses.

In addition, it is necessary to correct flatfoot, if available, since it creates a painful load on the entire musculoskeletal system. Orthopedic footwear with special insoles will help in this.

The focus is on problem areas. Well strengthen the entire muscular structure of swimming. Drug treatment sometimes has no apparent effect, as in the case of a hypermobile syndrome of inflammatory processes in the joints is often not observed.

This also explains the ineffective use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. In the absence, for example, of synovitis, the use of corticosteroid substances simply does not make sense.

From the pain can relieve the use of various analgesics, for example, paracetamol, tramadol, etc. If the syndrome is accompanied by tendinitis, bursitis, enthesopathy, it is recommended to use anti-inflammatory ointments on a non-steroid basis.

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Especially good effect they give in the form of compresses or appliques. With more severe symptoms, intra-articular glucocorticosteroids may be administered.

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With dorsalgia, the technique is based on the technique designed to straighten the posture.

Of these, it is worth noting the equipment of a hard bed, therapeutic gymnastics, the occupation of optimal sports for pathology (tennis, swimming, etc.). Well-proven massage procedures. With expressed scoliosis, muscle relaxants are prescribed.

What are the forecasts? Usually, with age, the disease passes, because it mainly manifests itself in the childhood period. Much depends on the type of occupation of a person.

When practicing professional football or ballet, patients with joint hypermobility get different injuries more often than healthy people. With constant trauma there is a risk of certain complications.

And yet, specialists do not give accurate predictions for recovery, since this pathology has not been sufficiently studied.

A source: http://1PoSustavam.ru/boli/gipermobilnost-sustavov.html

Causes and methods of treatment of joint hypermobility

Hypermobile are such joints, which have increased flexibility (hyperextension).

As a result of the weakening of the structure of the joint tissues due to the lack of collagen responsible for elasticity, the tissues of the joint acquire extensibility, because of what they make it possible to carry out movements with flexibility.

Hypermobility of the joints is one of the forms of pathologies, as it exerts a higher load on the ligaments and often causes injury (for example, the shoulder, elbow, meniscus).

What is called hypermobility?

The pathology is based on the features of collagen formation. It is for this reason, if deviations occur in the genus and do not create discomfort, then in children in this family pathology can be regarded as a normal condition.

For these children, unlike their peers, characterized by increased flexibility, plasticity, so that parents seek to write a child to gymnastics, yoga or orient him to the kind of sport where these qualities are needed.

But experts do not recommend taking such decisions without thinking everything over as it should.

Hypermobility syndrome of joints is a defect in the development of connective tissue.

Cartilages and bags of joints (for example, knee, shoulder or elbow) have stretchiness, but at the same time they become brittle.

Gymnastic exercises, which apply the effort to stretch the joints, can lead to injuries and rushes of tendons and articular bags.

Hypermobility of the joints in children is considered a contraindication to the employment of those sports where the base is left stretching, turning, sharp movements, flexibility and running. After all, the plasticity of dancers and athletes is not so much an ability as a result of training.

Risk group

Hypermobility syndrome is a hereditary disease, so specialists involved in the study of history patients, in almost every case, they find relatives who have such a deviation.

The limit of movement of the joint directly depends on the age, body structure, gender and training.

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For example, in schoolchildren increased mobility of joints in the same ratio is common in both girls and boys.

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In some cases, joint hypermobility can provoke hypermobility of the vertebrae of the cervical spine.

Classification of pathology

Hypermobility of the joints in a child and in an adult is most often an innate pathological phenomenon, but it does not refer to an independent ailment. In other words, hypermobility is a consequence of diseases of tissues that are components of the joint apparatus.

Very often, connective tissue diseases can not be detected even during the study. In this case, we are talking only about deviations in its development. From the elbow, shoulder and knee joints, the manifestations will be the same, but the complications will be easier.

Artificial hypermobility of articulations also differs. As a rule, it can be found in gymnasts and acrobats. At the same time, movable joints are an advantage for choreographers and dancers.

Most often it is possible for someone who has a genetic predisposition to the syndrome of hypermobility. It is for this reason that the artificial hypermobility of joints (for example, meniscus lesions) in individual cases can be considered as a pathology along with congenital.

Diseases that are accompanied by hypermobility

Specialists are sure that hypermobility is also one of the manifestations of other diseases. These include:

• Marfan syndrome is the most common pathology with hypermobility of articulations. Most recently, all cases of "weakened ligament" associated with the syndrome of Marfan. In people with this pathology, thinness, high growth, lengthening of the left and right hands, and also mobile joints are observed. In particular, this applies to parts such as the shoulder, knee (from the front horn of the meniscus) and interphalangeal spaces.
• Ehlers-Danlos syndrome is the second most common disease. In this case, the range of movements is also wide. In addition, it is also enhanced by increased stretchiness of the skin.
• Diseases with poor prognosis are most often osteogenesis, which, like similar abnormalities, is accompanied by loosening of ligaments and vertebrae (for example, cervical vertebrae).

Symptomatology

Symptomatology, which is associated with the disease, will manifest from the side of the joint and the joint bag. For joint hypermobility, complaints will be characteristic of:

• Pain syndrome in the joints, even after ordinary sports and minor injuries (injury of the meniscus, tibia, etc.).
• Subluxation or dislocation of the joints.
• Inflammation of the synovium. It should be noted that in this case there is always a connection with injuries or loads.
• Constant pain in the spine (for example, in the vertebrae of the cervical spine).
• Strong scoliosis.
• Pain in the tissues.

Diagnostics

To diagnose the hypermobility of the joint, the Bayton test is used, as well as other instrumental methods for examining the affected joint.

First of all, experts recommend making an X-ray to detect violations of the structure of the joints and spine (for example, defects in the structure of the cervical vertebrae).

With the help of ultrasound, the places of ligament ruptures are determined and the presence of effusion inside the joint is revealed. The MRI provides an opportunity to visually assess the condition of the articular apparatus and surrounding soft tissue.

And when using arthroscopy, you can examine the joint cavity.

Thanks to these simple methods of diagnosis, you can carefully examine the joint, which will allow you to choose the most effective treatment.

Principles of treatment and prevention

Treatment and prevention of hypermobility syndrome directly depends on the cause of the appearance of pathology, clinical manifestations and intensity of pain.

The most important thing is for a person to realize that this disease does not provoke a disability, and correctly designed treatment will make it possible to significantly improve health.

For this, the expert advises the patient to exclude those loads that cause pain and discomfort in the joint. In addition, it is required to reduce the likelihood of injury in the home or in the workplace.

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With severe pain of individual joints, treatment also includes the use of orthoses. With increasing pain, pain medications such as Paracetamol and Analgin can be prescribed.

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Many patients use creams, ointments, gels with a warming effect, in which there are nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory components.

In addition, the treatment of hypermobility can be carried out with medical mud, compresses, paraffin and even a laser.

Despite all the above methods of therapy, the main thing in the treatment of hypermobility is correct matched gymnastics, because the normal functioning of the joint is equally dependent on the ligaments and muscles.Therefore, you need to perform exercises that will load the muscles, and not just make the joint bend-unbend.

A source: http://drpozvonkov.ru/sustavy/prichiny-vozniknoveniya-i-sposoby-lecheniya-gipermobilnosti-sustavov.html

Hypermobility of joints in children and adults: how dangerous is this disease?

Recommendations of orthopedist and rheumatologist ...

information for reading

The concept of hypermobility of joints was introduced in 1967 by a group of scientists: Kirk, Anselle and Baywaters.

They as a result of the survey identified a group of patients with increased mobility of the joints, the presence of complaints from the osteoarticular system and the absence of rheumatic diseases. This syndrome is genetically conditioned, i.e.,

Some genetic diseases, such as Marfan syndrome, Ehlers-Danlos, Stickler and others, can be accompanied by hypermobility of the joints.

The presence of hypermobility of the joints allows a person to show miracles of unusual flexibility

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At the heart of the disease is the defect of the gene responsible for the synthesis of collagen.Collagen is called a protein, which is part of the connective tissue. As a result of a breakdown in its structure, it loses its elasticity, rapidly stretches.

And since the connective tissue in the musculoskeletal system consists of joint bags, tendons, ligaments, the result is that their function is disrupted.

However, in view of the fact that connective tissue is included not only in these organs, the hypermobility syndrome of joints is accompanied by a number of extra-articular lesions.

In organs containing a large amount of collagen (eyes, heart, skin, blood vessels), if there is a genetic defect in it develops dysfunction

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Syndrome of hypermobility of joints in children is rare, but this does not mean that it is not, just the clinic is smoothed, the child does not make any active complaints. Such children are often given to gymnastics, acrobatics, where they are quicker than others to achieve successful results.

The first clinical manifestations usually begin in adolescence (about 14-18 years). Complaints can be on a crunch, a pain in joints, a back, sensations of a dyscomfort during movement.

Often at this age there is a development of stoop and flat feet.

Provoking factors of the manifestation of the clinic can be: pregnancy, weight gain, trauma, change in physical activity (increase or decrease).

The first ones are:

• Soreness of muscles and joints (myalgia, arthralgia). Lesions are most often localized in the knee, ankle, and also small joints of the hand. In the hypermobility syndrome of joints in children there are unilateral arthralgia of the hip joint.
• The presence of habitual dislocations, more often localization in the shoulder, wrist joints.
• The development of osteoporosis at a young age (especially characteristic of hypermobility of knee and hip joints).
• Often recurrent bursitis, tendinitis, tenosynovitis and other prearticular inflammatory diseases.

Extra-articular manifestations:

• Presence of mitral valve prolapse.
• Omission of the internal organs (omission of the kidneys, pelvic floor).
• Increased skin extensibility, the appearance of striae, early wrinkles.
• Arose at a young age varicose veins.
• Hernias (inguinal, femoral, hernia of the white line of the abdomen), especially recurrent.

We also recommend that you pay attention to the article: "Symptoms and treatment of synovium joints."

The most frequent localization and characterization of complaints with joint hypermobility

Diagnostics

To suspect in itself the given disease can first of all the person. There are a number of criteria for judging the presence or absence of a syndrome.

The first criterion is the Beiton estimate. It takes into account the signs of hypermobility of the joints in the five most exposed areas. The method of execution is simple:

1. Hypermobility of the little finger.

The pinky must passively (i.e. e. with the second hand) to unbend to the stop. If the angle with the back of the palm is less than 90º, then this is confirmation of increased flexibility.

1. The second criterion, confirming the presence of hypermobility of the joints of the fingers of the hand, is checking the flexibility of the thumb.

Verification of the hypermobility of the thumb is carried out by the method of passive flexion. If the finger reaches the forearm, then the criterion is considered positive.

1. Hypermobility of the elbow joint.

Flexibility of the elbow joint is checked with its maximum extension. Normally, the angle is up to 10 °.

1. Hypermobility of the knee joint.

Flexibility of the knee joint is defined similarly to the elbow joint, the norm is also up to 10º

1. Hypermobility of the spine.

To check the elasticity of the spine, it is necessary to bend. If the palms touched the floor, there is also hypermobility.

Beiton samples are taken in order, it is necessary to take into account the correct technique of performing

All criteria for hypermobility are divided into large and small.

To the big concerns:

• 4 points or more according to the test of Beaton.
• Presence of arthralgias for more than 3 months in 4 or more joints.

Small criteria:

• The presence of dislocations in two or more joints or recurrent in the same.
• Test Beiton from 1 to 3 points.
• Arthralgia for less than 3 months or less than 4 joints.
• The presence of varicose veins.
• Hernias of any localization.
• Myopia.
• Thin, very elastic skin with striae and atrophic scars.
• Bursitis, tendinitis, tenosynovitis in two or more joints.

The diagnosis is confirmed if there are 2 large criteria, 1 large and 3 small, 4 small.

Treatment

Treatment of hypermobility of joints is often non-drug. It includes, first of all, prevention of joint overload.

For this, it is necessary to give up a lot of physical exertion, as well as traumatic sports.

Mandatory strengthening gymnastic exercises, their feature is that they are directed for the maximum load of muscles, while requiring a minimum of movements in the joints, they are also called isometric.

Complex of gymnastic exercises aimed at strengthening different groups of joints and the correct technique for their implementation

It is especially important to strengthen the muscles of the back, shoulder girdle, hips. In the presence of discomfort and soreness during movement, it is recommended to wear special orthoses.

Medicamental treatment is indicated in severe pain syndrome.Most often in such a situation, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are not particularly effective, so prescribe analgesics.

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Treatment of periarticular inflammatory processes is similar.

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Local applications of ointments containing non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are applied, as well as intra-articular glucocorticosteroids.

Health is the most valuable in a person's life. Therefore, it is very important to remember the need to protect it. Attentive to yourself and to the first harbingers of the disease will help to keep it for many years.

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A source: http://SustavInfo.com/bolezni/drugoe/lechenie-gipermobilnosti-sustavov/

Hypermobility of joints in children and adults: treatment

Hypermobility of the joints (HMS) is a congenital increased flexibility of the joints and spine, which can be accompanied by painful sensations, a crunch in the back and knees.

The risk of HMS syndrome

Syndrome of hypermobility of joints is considered a disease that is inherited. Therefore, doctors who study the history of the disease of such patients, in almost every case, identify relatives who suffer from this disease.

The limits of movement in the joints also depend on the age, constitution of the body, sex and fitness. For example, in children of primary school age, HMS syndrome is equally common in boys and girls.

Violation of the formation of collagen is one more reason, because of what the syndrome of HMS can develop.

Clinic of HMS syndrome

Clinical manifestations of HMS are divided into articular and extraarticular. Therefore, for proper diagnosis, you must carefully collect anamnesis.

For patients with HMS, a hypersensitivity to exercise and the occurrence of permanent injuries (stretching or dislocation of joints), that is, connective tissue does not cope with its functions.

Joint manifestations:

• Articular and periarticular pathology, occurring in acute form, and combined with synovitis and bursitis.
• Arthralgia and myalgia, which has no visible or palpable changes in muscles and joints, but is characterized by pain. Unpleasant sensations often appear in the area of ​​the knee, ankle and small joints of the hand.
• Periarticular lesions (for example, tendinitis, enthesopathy, bursitis, tunnel syndrome), arising from an unusual load or a minor injury.
• Chronic pain in one or more joints, which is accompanied by synovitis and leads to errors in diagnosis.
• Repeated dislocations or subluxations of the humerus and metacarpophalangeal joints, as well as sprain in the ankle.
• Development of true or secondary osteoarthritis.
• Pain in the back (especially lumbalia is common in women after 30 years).
• Platypodia and its manifestations complicated by tenosynovitis, valgus deformity or "hammer-like" deformation of the fingers.

Extra-articular manifestations:

• Excessive stretchability of the skin, their fragility and vulnerability. The appearance of stretch marks, not related to pregnancy.
• Early onset of varicose veins.
• Umbilical, inguinal or postoperative hernia.
• Mitral valve prolapse.
• Omission of internal organs (eg, kidney, stomach, uterus or rectum).

Manifestation of HMS syndrome in children

Hypermobility of joints in children is often enough. But it has some distinctive features:

1. In the first months of the child's life it is impossible to determine the hypermobility syndrome of the joints, since during this period most children have hypertension of the muscles. At the age of 3 years, the syndrome is detected in every second child, at 6 years old - only in 5%, and after 12 years, hypermobility occurs in 1% (not less than in 3 paired joints).
2. This syndrome in young children does not depend on sex, and in the adolescent period - more often in girls.
3. As the child grows, the connective tissue ripens, and as a result, the signs of hypermobility of the joints decrease.

Principles of treatment of HMS

Treatment of hypermobility of joints depends on what the cause of the syndrome, its symptoms and the intensity of pain.

The main thing is for the patient to understand that this disease does not lead to disability, and with proper exercises, the well-being will quickly improve.

To do this, the doctor recommends that the patient exclude specific loads that cause pain and discomfort in the joints. It is also necessary to reduce the likelihood of a professional or domestic injury.

Most patients use ointments with a warming effect and ointments containing non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, therapeutic mud, compresses, laser therapy and paraffin treatment.

However, the most important method of treatment of HMS syndrome is correctly selected gymnastic exercises, since the stability of the joint depends not only on the ligaments, but also on the muscles surrounding it.

Therefore, you need to choose a gym that allows you to load muscles, and not just causing the joints to bend and unbend.

In this case, static exercises (using fixed poses) and strength exercises that are performed in a slow rhythm without the use of weights will be useful. But categorically contraindicated stretching exercises, found in dances, oriental gymnastics and classical yoga.

A source: http://sustavy-svyazki.ru/sustavy-drugoe/173-gipermobilnost-sustavov