Concentration of cervical vertebrae: congenital anomaly

Diagnosis and treatment of vertebral concrescence (blockage)

Concentration of the vertebrae is considered to be one of the varieties of spinal column anomalies. In the people this term is called blocking or fusion of the vertebrae with each other.

Often, pathology is inherent in nature, but sometimes there are cases of secondary konkresertsentsii. When the cervical region is affected, they talk about the development of the Klippel-Feil syndrome.

According to medical statistics, pathology affects one in 12, 00 people.

Photo of a patient with vertebral concreteness syndrome. This pathology is congenital, it is very rare.

Description of the disease

The essence of the concreteness is that the bodies of the adjacent vertebrae fuse with the spine.

With complete synostosis, not only the bodies are blocked, splices and arches of the vertebrae are incised. In this case, the column of the spine is not deformed.

Partial congestion affects the structural elements of the spine not completely.

There are two types of syndrome of cervical vertebral fusion:

• Blocking the first and second cervical vertebrae. This deviation is characterized by unbroken arches.
• The fusion of the atlas and the occipital bone. In patients with this pathology, the height of the spinal column is below normal.

Concentration of the vertebrae in most cases - congenital pathology. It is associated with a violation of segmentation in the intrauterine period, hypoplasia, aplasia. Often the abnormal development of the vertebrae is caused by the presence of defects in the chromosomes.

The fusion of the vertebrae can be of several kinds. The most common syndrome of the "short" neck.

We recommend that you study:

• Degenerative changes in the lumbar spine
• Radicular syndrome of lumbar spine: symptoms, diagnosis and treatment

Concentration is determined by the presence of the following manifestations:

• a low line of hair growth in the occipital region;
• shortening of the neck;
• small developmental anomalies ("high scapula insufficient number of vertebrae, folds in the form of "wings" on the neck, etc.);
• limited mobility of the neck;
• pain in the neck and head;
• neuralgic disorders.

Causes and treatment of cervical artery compression syndrome

Cervical artery syndrome is characterized by impaired blood flow in one or two vertebral arteries, which leads to impoverishment of the blood supply to the brain.

This disease can occur for a number of reasons and is very dangerous, so it is not worthwhile to postpone the trip to the doctor if the first symptoms are found.

The Klippel-Feil syndrome is usually diagnosed in newborn infants. Determine the likelihood of developing the disease in the fetus in prenatal development can be done with the help of medical genetic research.

In addition, we recommend:

• Two forms of dorsalgia of the spine, its diagnosis and treatment
• What is the syndrome of the vertebral artery with cervical osteochondrosis?

Splicing vertebrae is usually diagnosed at the first examination of a specialist. To confirm the diagnosis, the patient undergoes ultrasound, radiography, MRI, rheoencephalography, genetic research, electrocardiogram.

The fusion of the vertebrae can be seen with the naked eye, to clarify the diagnosis, the doctor sends the patient to the passage of some studies.

Treatment of this pathology includes a set of measures aimed at the removal of pain, recovery of intracranial pressure, removal of muscle tone in the neck and increased mobility the spine.Patients suffering from vertebral conchrescence are prescribed:

• taking medications (antibiotics, analgesics and other drugs);
• massage sessions;
• medical gymnastics;
• acupuncture;
• osteopathy and other physiotherapy procedures.

In cases of exacerbation, the patient is shown wearing a collar of Shantz. Severe patients are offered surgical treatment - removal of incorrectly located upper ribs, abnormal vertebrae in the lumbar region or sacrum. The purpose of the operation is lengthening the neck and returning the mobility of the spine.

Unfortunately, it is impossible to completely cure the disease. With a comprehensive therapeutic approach, it is possible to improve the patient's condition and slow down the abnormal development of pathology.

Patients with a neck shortening syndrome during an exacerbation are advised to wear a Chance collar.

Two forms of dorsalgia of the spine, its diagnosis and treatment

Dorsalgia of the spine is accompanied by severe pain in the lumbar region, which is formed due to pinching of the nerve roots of the spinal cord.

Detection and treatment of ailment is done by a doctor, however people at any age will be useful to learn about how to diagnose it.

Consequences and complications

Concentration of vertebrae is usually accompanied with a number of complications, most often occur:

• paralysis;
• scoliosis;
• pathology of the heart;
• deformation of feet;
• osteochondrosis;
• torticollis;
• the presence of additional fingers;
• sacralization or lumbarization;
• Sprengel's disease;
• hypoplasia, etc.

In rare cases, patients with vertebral concrements are prescribed surgical treatment. Surgery is indicated when the patient is suffering severe pain, and medications do not help.

To prevent the development of the disease is impossible, since in most cases the pathology is inherited.

Families who have ever encountered such an anomaly are advised to undergo a genetic examination in order to reveal the probability of the birth of a baby with the pathology of fusion of the vertebrae.

A source: http://MoyPozvonok.ru/bolezni/sindrom/diagnostika-i-lechenie-konkrestsentsii/

Cervical abnormalities: cervical ribs, Kimmerle anomaly

The early appearance of pain in the cervical region is often associated with patients and doctors with osteochondrosis, which has arisen for reasons of sedentary lifestyle.

Most often it is - osteochondrosis has really grown younger, and it's no surprise that schoolchildren are ill with old people's diseases today, no.

However, occasionally the X-ray shows deviations from the normal anatomical structure - congenital anomalies of the cervical spine.

Anomalies of the cervical region most often occur in the craniovertebral zone, where the connection of the first cervical vertebra C1 (atlanta) with the skull bones is attributed.

The incidence of development of the cervical region is now found in about 8% of the subjects, which is not so little.

External congenital pathologies of the vertebrae may not be manifested in any way, or they declare themselves with mild aching pains.

The patient can rest his whole life in the belief that he has cervical osteochondrosis, and the true cause is not found, or is found out by chance, when examining for osteochondrosis.

In other cases, anomalies are accompanied by specific symptoms and severe brain disorders.

Types of cervical anomalies

In the examined group of patients with neck anomalies, the following diagnoses were made:

• Hyperplasia of cervical processes (cervical ribs) - about 23% of diagnoses.
• Anomaly Kimmerle - 1,%.
• Saddle-shaped hyperplasia of the atlanta - 1,%.
• Spina bifida posterior C1 (non-shrinking atlas) - 3.3%.
• Assimilation of the atlas (fusion with the occipital bone) - 2%
• Concentration (blocking) of the second-third vertebra %.

In other cases, other pathologies were found.

Among congenital anomalies there is also displacement of cervical vertebrae, which occurs due to spondylolysis and birth trauma.

Neck ribs

Sometimes the rudiments of the ribs of the cervical region are excessively enlarged. Basically, this phenomenon is observed in the seventh cervical vertebra, but it happens in others.

Neck ribs can be of several degrees:

• Incomplete, freely ending in soft tissues:
  • first degree - do not extend beyond the transverse process;
  • second degree - do not reach the cartilaginous surface of the first thoracic rib;
  • the third degree is a fibrous flexible joint (syndesmosis).
• Complete, forming with the first rib connection:
  • the fourth degree - a bone rigid connection (synostosis).

In some cases, they can even reach the handle of the sternum.

More often excess cervical ribs are found in women (although it seems that according to the biblical legend should be in men).

In two thirds of the cases, the anomaly is doubled.

Full cervical ribs change the anatomy of the neck:

• Brachial plexus and subclavian artery shift forward.
• The fastening of the anterior and middle staircase muscles is changing:
  • they can be attached to the first thoracic rib, or to the cervical, or to both.
• The interstitial gap can narrow.

Incomplete ribs of the first two degrees rarely cause any symptoms.

Symptoms of the cervical ribs

In 90% of cases, the course is asymptomatic.

With external examination, painless bone bulge can be observed and palpated.

With incomplete ribs, with the pressure of the rib bone or fibrous strain on the brachial plexus, neurologic symptoms may occur, especially when the neck is tilted toward hypertrophied ribs. There is a syndrome of stair muscle:

• Pain and numbness in the neck, shoulder and arm.
• Muscular weakness, in some parts of the muscle dips are formed. It is impossible to work with raised hands and lifting weights.
• Violated fine motor skills.

Full cervical ribs provoke compression of the subclavian artery, which leads to a violation of blood flow.

This can be manifested by symptoms:

• impaired pulsation in the radial artery;
• damage to the walls of blood vessels;
• trophic disorders in blood vessels and skin (skin cold, increased sweating);
• edema and cyanosis of the extremities.

In the most severe cases, thrombosis of the subclavian artery and gangrene of the hands is possible.

Treatment of cervical ribs

Treatment is done with pain and in case of artery compression.

Apply:

• Novocaine blockades
• The collar of Shantz.
• Vasodilators.
• Preparations, resorbable fibrous tissues.

With constant compression of the brachial plexus and adjacent nerve fibers, conservative treatment is ineffective, and surgery is recommended - resection of the cervical rib.

Kummerle anomaly

The partition is of two types:

• medial, connecting the articular process with the posterior arch;
• lateral, connecting the costo-transverse process with the joint.

The bony septum forms an abnormal canal around the artery, which can limit its movement with tilts, turns of the neck and lead to the syndrome of the vertebral artery, impaired brain function and even to ischemic stroke (with constant compression vessel).

Symptoms of Kummerle anomaly

• Dizziness, headache.
• Hallucinogenic noise in the ears (buzzing, ringing, rustling, crackling, etc.)
• Darkness in the eyes, floating "flies dots and other "objects".
• Fits of weakness, sudden loss of consciousness.
• Vegetosovascular dystonia:
  • pressure jumps;
  • insomnia;
  • anxious state.
• In the later stages:
  • tremor in the limbs, numbness of the facial skin, nystagmus (trembling of the eyeball).

Treatment of Kummerle anomaly

The anomaly is incurable, since it is associated with the structural features of the atlant. The only treatment is to observe and adhere to the regime of limited loads on the neck, with dosed physical therapy:

• Postisometric relaxation and static exercises are preferred.

Sleeping with patients with Kummer's anomaly is necessary on an orthopedic pillow.

With symptoms of cerebral circulatory insufficiency appoint:

• cinnarizine, cavinton, trental, piracetam, mildronate.

With VSD:

• means for hypertension (for example, elanopril)
• sedatives (tincture of motherwort, valerian)
• tranquilizers (grandaxin, alprazolam).

All drugs with Kimmerl anomaly and with other developmental defects are appointed exclusively by a neuropathologist.

The need for surgery for the Kimmerl anomaly arises as a last resort, when the diameter of the anomalous ring narrows to critical dimensions.

Patients with this pathology should periodically undergo a doppler scan of the vessels of the cervical region.

Saddle-Shaped Atlas Hypertension

• With this anomaly, the sides of the atlas are enlarged so much that they are higher than the upper point of the axis tooth (the second cervical vertebra).
• The upper atlant site at the junction with the condyles of the occiput is curved in the shape of the saddle.
• The rear contour of the body of the atlant rises above its arc.

Symptoms:

• Stress and pain in the neck and neck.
• Development of deforming arthrosis of the cervico-occipital joints.
• When squeezing the vertebral artery with the articular process of the occipital bone, a vertebral artery syndrome is possible.

Treatment symptomatic:

• Anesthesia, removal of muscle spasms and improvement of blood circulation.
• Physiotherapy.
• Massage, manual therapy.

Assimilation of the Atlantean

The main dangers of this congenital developmental defect are two:

• Narrowing of the large occipital foramen with the threat of squeezing the medulla oblongata.
• Development of compensatory hypermobility in the lower cervical region (as a response to immobility of the upper craniovertebral department).

Symptoms of Atlantean Assimilation

• Paroxysmal headaches, nausea and vomiting are possible.
• Increased intracranial pressure.
• Symptoms of the IRR:
  • tachycardia, AD, sweating, panic attacks.

In the absence of brain compression, the symptoms of myelopathy with motor disorders are not expressed.

Possible dissociated (isolated) sensitivity disorders in the lower part of the cervical region.

When squeezing the structures of the medulla oblongata, the symptomatology depends on the level of compression of the cranial nerves:

• 9 - 11 pairs: dysphagia, feeling of perspiration in the throat, speech disorders, hoarseness, changes in taste.
• 8 pair (pre-collar nerve): hearing loss, ear noises, nystagmus, dizziness.
• 7 pair of nerves: neuritis of the facial nerve.

Treatment of Atlantean assimilation

• Anesthesia with drugs-analgesics and NSAIDs (diclofenac, meloxicam, ibuprofen).
• With severe pain - paravertebral blockade.
• Diuretics for the reduction of ICP (veroshpiron, diakarb).
• Reflexology.
• Electrophoresis, phonophoresis.
• LFK, massage.
• Craniosacral osteopathy.
• Stability of the neck in severe cases is supported by the collar of Shantz.

In a critical degree of assimilation, a surgical operation is performed:

• Laminectomy;
• expansion of occipital foramen:
• anterior and posterior spinal fusion of the inferior cervical spine.

Conjugation of the cervical vertebrae

Concentration is the fusion of two or more vertebrae. In the cervical spine this can lead to short neck syndrome (Klippel-Feil syndrome).

Vertebrae can be partially blocked (only arches and spinous processes merge) or completely (both bodies and arcs merge). The vertebrae C2 and C3 are most often blocked.

It is necessary to distinguish the congenital conchrescence from spondylosis and Bekhterev's disease, since with these pathologies, the blockage is acquired due to progressive osteochondrosis or spondyloarthritis.

Diagnosis of cervical abnormalities

• Anomalies of the cortical structures of the cervical vertebrae are usually detected:
  • Radiography performed in the anterior and lateral projection.
  • Functional radiography (anteroposterior and lateral spondylograms performed in the position of maximum incline of the neck).
• Disturbances of brain functions for cervical abnormalities are determined:
  • Electroencephalography (EEG).
  • Echo-encephalography (ultrasound diagnosis of the brain, which allows to determine intracranial pressure and pathological formations in the brain).
• Anomalies of the vertebral canal of the cervical spine and brain are usually monitored by MRI.
• For examining the vessels of the head and neck, apply:
  • Ultrasonic dopplerography (UZDG) of the vessels of the head and neck - study the anatomy of blood vessels, the speed of blood flow, visualizes plaques, thickening of the walls of blood vessels, thrombus.
  • Rheoencephalography (REG) - determine the pulse blood flow in the arteries of the brain and venous outflow from the cranial cavity.

Treatment of cervical spine anomalies

Treatment for any cervical abnormality is determined by its type and severity of symptoms. In most cases, some special treatment is not required:

• if there are no manifestations of pain and impaired motor skills;
• neurological symptoms;
• myelopathy;
• disorders of cerebral circulation;
• vegetative vascular dystonia.

Patients should be periodically observed at the vertebrologist (orthopedist, neurologist, neurosurgeon).

It is necessary to maintain the muscles and ligaments of the neck and head in a normal tone, daily practicing therapeutic gymnastics for the neck. Thus, the anomaly may not appear throughout life.

A competent expert in the field of cranial osteopathy can be of great assistance in the treatment of cranial anomalies.

: Anomaly Kimmerle.

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A source: https://ZaSpiny.ru/smesheniya/anomalii-shejnogo-otdela.html

What is the concreteness of the thoracic and cervical vertebrae?

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• Physiological Norm
• Congenital anomaly
• Post-traumatic synostosis
• How it develops

The concreteness of the thoracic and cervical vertebrae is a congenital anomaly in the structure of the spine, in which a number of vertebrae merge into a single whole. In some cases, this pathology is referred to as blocking.

But there are also such conditions, when the diagnosis is made not in childhood, but in adulthood.

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This suggests that the fusion occurred because of this or that secondary, not congenital, disease, for example, as a result of Bechterew's disease or other articular pathologies.

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Concentration of the thoracic vertebrae - pathology is very rare, as most often fusion occurs at the neck level and this is called the Klippel-Feil syndrome. The main manifestations of this congenital defect can be considered a short neck, a limitation of mobility, and a low limit of hair growth.

Physiological Norm

Synostosis, and so the second name of the pathology sounds, may be the result of the norm, but Only in the case when there is a splicing of other bones, and not those that are located in the the spine. So, for example, to number of natural it is possible to carry a fusion of bones of a basin.

Normally, this condition develops during the period of growing up, when the cartilage tissue is gradually replaced by bone. The same can be said about the sacral vertebrae, and the skull base bones, which begin to fuse together during puberty.

Congenital anomaly

Along with the variants of the norm, there is a congenital anomaly, which is caused by hypoplasia or aplasia of the intervertebral connective tissue. What exactly influences the formation of this anomalous process has not been clarified until now.

However, it is known that most pathology is innate and is a genetic pathology.

That is, the child receives a mutant gene from one or both parents, while the parents themselves may not suspect that they are his carrier, since they have no obvious manifestations of the disease.

Post-traumatic synostosis

Concentration of the lumbar vertebrae may also be posttraumatic.

Bone engagement occurs as a result of their injury, which resulted in damage to the cartilage or periosteum.

Also, the cause may be ossification of the anterior longitudinal ligament, which occurs after marginal fractures of the vertebral body or its dislocation.

To prevent this pathology, all bruises, fractures and other injuries must be carefully examined for hidden cracks or fractures of bones, and also it is necessary to conduct their full treatment and further rehabilitation, up to the full recovery.

1. Osteomyelitis.
2. Typhoid fever.
3. Brucellosis.
4. Tuberculosis.
5. Osteochondrosis.

That is why after transferring all these diseases the patient must necessarily pass a spine examination in order to understand how these infectious diseases affected his condition.

How it develops

Blocking or spiking of vertebrae occurs at an early stage of fetal formation, which is also diagnosed as a delay in its development.

Diagnosis of the pathology itself at this stage does not occur, or does not go to the end.

Depending on the development time of these blocks, they can be divided into three stages.

In the first case, the concreteness begins already at the earliest stage of the life of the embryo. In the second case, the blocks appear at the stage of late intrauterine development, that is after 20 - 30 weeks of pregnancy.

And, finally, the third period comes immediately after birth.

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Of particular importance is the diagnosed arrest of embryo development at 5-7 weeks, when the intervertebral discs are already managed to form, and even there is a separation of the posterior parts of the vertebrae, but here its front departments remain merged.

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What causes the development of the blocks in the intrauterine stage? Infectious diseases of the mother, hereditary predisposition, trauma and the impact of radiation energy. Often, similar anomalies are combined with other chromosomal diseases.

So, for example, the concrement of the cervical vertebrae is more than half the time combined in the cleavage of the arches, the presence of the cervical rib, the presence of an additional cervical vertebra, and the anomalies of the atlant. However, it is impossible to say exactly what percentage of anomalies could appear with the block, since X-rays are not available to all patients.

A source: https://vashaspina.ru/chto-takoe-konkrescenciya-grudnyx-i-shejnyx-pozvonkov/

Concentration of vertebrae

The medical term for the extremely severe pathology of the spine is called vertebral conchrescence. The essence of this pathology is the complete fusion of neighboring structures with each other.

The reasons for the formation of a lot - from congenital anomalies to post-traumatic blocking. Detectability is 1 case for several tens of thousands of the population, however, medical professionals are concerned about the annual increase in pathology.

Splicing of vertebrae

Variant of norm and anomalies

Concentration can be one of the variants of the norm. For example, with the fusion of the structures of the pelvis. Whereas the synostosis formed in vertebral elements is only a pathological condition.

The physiological variant of the fusion of bones occurs in a person during his growing up. At this point, cartilaginous tissue, due to natural features, is gradually replaced by bone. These processes occur in all structures of the human skeleton - both in the sacral elements and in the bones of the skull.

Along with the above-described physiological concreteness, a congenital anomaly can also be observed - due to hypoplasia or aplasia of the intervertebral tissue.

Most people adhere to the point of view that this is a genetically conditioned pathology. The kid gets a mutant gene from one of the parents, or from both.

Conjugation of the cervical vertebrae

Stages of development of concreteness

Blocking - the vertebral concreteness - occurs in the child at the earliest stage of its formation. Experts consider it as a delay in the development of the baby. A full-fledged diagnostic at the intrauterine stage is either not performed, or is not performed in full.

In direct dependence on the time interval of origin of pathological blocks in the spine, they are divided into 3 main stages:

• Pathology, formed before the 15-20 weeks of bearing a baby.
• Blocks detected in utero in a baby after 25-30 weeks of gestation.
• Diagnosis of abnormalities after the birth of the child.

Particular importance is attached to early detection of fetal developmental arrest.

Already by the 5th-7th week of pregnancy it is possible to reliably determine that the intervertebral discs have practically formed, and even there is a physiological separation of the posterior vertebral structures. But in the case of presence of concreteness, the anterior sections of the spine of the fetus remain a fused conglomerate.

Causes of pathology

Among the teratogenic factors capable of provoking anomalies of the musculoskeletal structures at the intrauterine stage of their formation, specialists singled out:

• transferred by a pregnant woman a variety of infectious pathologies;
• negative hereditary predisposition;
• traumatization;
• pathological effects of radiation.

This disease is most often inherited

Often there is a combination of synostosis with other chromosomal pathologies.

For example, the blocking of vertebral elements in the cervical region, in more than half of the cases identified, is combined with the pathological splitting of their arches.

A presence of an additional vertebra or an anomaly of the atlas can be diagnosed.

Symptoms of Concentration

If the pathology is revealed in the child at the late stage of its occurrence - after its appearance, The warning signs should be too short departments of the spine, their limitations mobility.

The specialist sets out a preliminary diagnosis based on a combination of symptoms:

• non-standard, asymmetric neck shape;
• extremely low line of hair growth;
• the location of the skull literally immediately after the shoulders;
• a substantially narrowed slit.

Often, the blocking of vertebral elements is accompanied by abnormal formation of scapular bones. Visually, they are located much higher than the usual localization. The base of the skull appears to be depressed at the same time.

With this pathology, a visually noticeable low head set

Nerve structures in this pathology also suffer significantly - they simply can not function because of their location.

In patients, there are disorders of sensory perception of the skin.

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It is very difficult for them to exercise motor activity in the spine, to move limbs.

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This kind of pathology in the vertebral elements leads to a disorder of the internal organs, which further exacerbates the well-being of people. The final diagnosis is made only after a comprehensive examination - by hardware and laboratory methods.

Diagnosis of pathology

To date, significant assistance to specialists in setting an adequate diagnosis is provided by modern equipment:

• CT - allows you to consider sections of bone tissue in the transverse as well as longitudinal projection, distinctive features: high accuracy and relatively wide availability in hospitals;
• MRI - in the pictures you can consider not only localization, but also the area of ​​pathological changes, thoroughly study them, detail the type of pathology;
• Radiography is the most widely used method of diagnosis, the images clearly show anomalies structure of the vertebrae, their damage, which allows us to clarify the area of ​​research for other hardware techniques.

MRI diagnostics

Only the fullness of the information obtained after carrying out the above diagnostic procedures allows the specialist to conduct an adequate differential diagnosis.

Treatment of vertebral conchrescence

To combat the disease experts recommend a comprehensive - conservative and operational - treatment tactics. At the initial stages of detection:

• post-isometric relaxation of muscle groups;
• various methods of physiotherapy;
• paraffin applications;
• complexes exercise therapy;
• individual or group yoga classes.

It is necessary to perform every day special gymnastics

For themselves affected by an ailment of vertebral structures to do something almost impossible. The main task of medical procedures is to help muscle groups.

The emphasis should not only be on the affected area of ​​the spine, but also on the neighboring departments, too.

Do not expect quick results - the treatment is spent the whole life of the patient.

Symptomatic therapy is also practiced, in the period of exacerbation of the pain syndrome medications are prescribed from the subgroups of analgesics, anti-inflammatory drugs. According to individual indications, the question of surgical treatment of concreteness is being solved.

A source: http://artroz-plus.ru/konkrestsentsiya-pozvonkov

How to treat fusion of vertebrae and how dangerous pathology

The fusion of the vertebrae, or the concreteness, is one of the most serious diseases of the spine. Let's consider, in what an essence of disease and as it or him treat.

Varieties

Blocking or fusion of the vertebrae is considered to be a congenital pathology of the spine. There are two forms - partial and complete. When forming a complete block, not only the processes but also the bodies of the vertebrae are connected.

With the fusion of the spinous processes of the cervical vertebrae, the Klippel-Feil syndrome is noted, which includes two types of fusion:

• The connection between I (atlant) and II (epistrophe) cervical vertebrae. Very rarely it affects the fragments below. Fused vertebrae can be no more than 4.
• Atlant connection with occipital bone.

- congenital anomaly of the lumbar spine. In this case, the fifth vertebra is moved from the lumbar part to the sacral part.

A fairly common disease, is more common in men.

Lubmalization, in contrast to sacralization, consists in the passage of the upper vertebra of the sacrum into the lumbar region.

There is also Bekhterev's disease (ankylosing spondylarthrosis), which implies inflammation of the intervertebral discs, which causes the immobility of the spinal column. This disease affects mainly young men. Factors of development of Bechterew's disease:

• genetic disorders;
• constant infections of the intestine and urogenital system;
• stress;
• damage to the musculoskeletal system.

Methods of diagnosis

When there are disorders in the spine, the most important task is the timely diagnosis. It is advisable to consult a specialist if you have the following symptoms:

• increased pain at night in the sacrum with irradiation in the buttocks and lower limbs;
• pain and squeezing in the thoracic region.

With Bekhterev's disease, the symptoms are somewhat different:

• pain is felt mainly during rest, rest;
• stiffness of the spine;
• the tension of the muscles of the back is felt (this is dangerous for their gradual atrophy).

In the future, more and more limited mobility, there is soreness with tilting, sneezing and deep breathing. The pain decreases with physical activity of the spine, and at its rest and inaction increases.

With sacralization, there are no pronounced symptoms. Pain in the lower back is almost not noticeable. This disease is dangerous in that it can lead to or.

The main way to identify sacralization is considered. In the picture, a partial or complete connection of vertebral bodies can be observed. To identify the pathological disturbance of the transitional vertebra, it is necessary to count them in the area of ​​the sacral and lumbar region.

Treatment measures

With congenital pathology, from early age, exercise therapy is performed regularly to ensure maximum mobility of the cervical or other parts of the spine. When a serious course of the disease is prescribed corrective gymnastics or a special collar is applied.

With sacralization, which proceeds without acute pathology, a complex of conservative treatment is performed:

Attention!Medications can be prescribed only by the attending physician, prescribing treatment by themselves is strictly prohibited.

With unbearable pain and disruption of normal life, surgical intervention is performed. The method is to disconnect the vertebrae and replace the intervertebral discs with grafts.

Complications

When the fusion of the thoracic and cervical vertebrae after the growth of the skeleton stops, the spinal discs have degenerative changes and scoliosis progresses. These changes cause the failure of the internal organs, especially the heart and lungs.

Sacralization is the cause of the depletion of the bone tissue of the vertebrae that are higher. As a result, pain is increased.

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Absolute cure of the disease is possible with surgical intervention, which is resorted to in extreme cases. Ljubmalizatsija and sacralization - one of the reasons and strong pain in a loin and a sacrum.

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The cervical vertebrae contraction of C2 and C3 is the most common variant of pathological connection, which also gives a high risk of complications.

Prevention

If the fusion of the vertebrae is diagnosed, you regularly visit the specialists in the treatment of this area (orthopedist, neurologist, vertebrologist). In case of loss of consciousness, severe pain with nausea, consult a doctor immediately, as these disorders indicate the onset of complications.

Doctors recommend to spend daily to keep it in good shape. To stop the progression of vertebral fusion, it is recommended that skiing, sleeping on a hard bed without a pillow.

Denial of responsibility

The information in the articles is intended only for general reading and should not be used for self-diagnosis of health problems or for therapeutic purposes.

This article is not a substitute for medical advice from a doctor (neurologist, therapist).

Please consult your doctor first to know the exact cause of your health problem.

A source: http://osteohondrosy.net/kak-lechit-srashhenie-pozvonkov-i-chem-opasna-patologiya.html

Anomalies in the development of the spine

Anomalies in the development of the spine- congenital conditions, accompanied by a change in the number or configuration of the vertebrae.

Depending on the type and severity of the changes, the anomalies in the development of the spine may be manifested by various symptoms or may be asymptomatic.

Anomalies in the development of the spine include splitting of the vertebrae, Klippel-Feil syndrome, the syndrome of additional cervical ribs, wedge-shaped vertebrae, lumbarization and sacralization.

If the anomalies of the development of the spine lead to severe deformation, pain syndrome, neurological disorders, then they require surgical correction.

Anomalies in the development of the spine- congenital conditions, accompanied by a change in the number or configuration of the vertebrae. Depending on the type and severity of the changes, the anomalies in the development of the spine may be manifested by various symptoms or may be asymptomatic.

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Any anomaly in the development of the spine reduces the static stability of the spine and increases the likelihood of developing acquired spine diseases.

Anatomy

The human spinal column consists of the cervical (7 vertebrae), thoracic (12 vertebrae), lumbar (5 vertebrae), sacral (5 vertebrae) divisions and coccyx (1-3 vertebrae).

Between the vertebrae there are elastic elastic intervertebral disks, which act as shock absorbers.

In the center of each vertebra, there is an opening in which the spinal cord is covered.

Classification of spinal anomalies

All anomalies in the development of the spine can be divided into three groups:

Changing the number of vertebrae:

• occipitalization (fusion of the occipital bone and I cervical vertebra);
• sacralization (fusion of the sacrum and V of the lumbar vertebra);
• lumbarization (separation of the 1st cervical vertebra from the sacrum).
• merging of several vertebrae.

Change in vertebral shape:

Underdevelopment of individual parts of the vertebrae:

• nezarachenie arches and bodies of vertebrae.

The syndrome of Klippel-Feil (also known as short neck syndrome) consists in the concreteness (fusion of the cervical vertebrae). Sometimes, not only the cervical, but also the upper thoracic vertebrae join together.

This anomaly of development of the spine is manifested by a pronounced shortening of the neck, a decrease in the border of hair growth, restriction of movements at turns of a head aside, "proud planting of a head" (the head slightly deviates backward). In some cases, patients with Klippel-Feil syndrome have prominent skin folds from the ears to the shoulders.

The syndrome of the short neck is often combined with other abnormalities of the development of the spine (cervical ribs, Spina bifida), cardiovascular and nervous system.

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Neurological symptoms may be absent.

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In some cases, compression of the roots, accompanied by a violation of sensitivity, a decrease in the strength of the hands or paresis.

Syndrome of additional cervical ribs

As a rule, it is asymptomatic, it is detected by chance during an X-ray study. Sometimes symptoms characteristic of this anomaly develop after the infection, trauma or hypothermia.

Patients may be troubled by pain, weakness in the muscles of the hands, accompanied by a violation of the normal vascular tone and nourishment of the skin (sweating, cold, pale, cyanotic skin).

Splitting of vertebrae (Spina bifida)

The most common anomaly is the development of the spine. In most cases, there is an openness of the V arches of the lumbar or I sacral vertebra. Non-expansion of the arches of other vertebrae and splitting of the vertebral body are less common.

• Closed spina bifida

It occurs more often. May be asymptomatic or accompanied by moderate pain in the lumbar region and sacrum.

With the development of cicatricial changes in the field of roots, there are disturbances of sensitivity and paresis in the course of innervation of the compressed nerve. Violation of the regulation of the vascular tone and skin nutrition, causing the development of edema and the appearance of ulcers.

• Open spina bifida

It occurs less often. Suffers 1 of 1000-1500 newborns.

Severe anomaly of the development of the spine, accompanied by other developmental defects (dysplasia of the spinal cord, impaired development of rootlets and membranes of the spinal cord).

In severe cases, not only the vertebrae are split, but also the spinal cord. Through the splitting of the vertebra, the membranes and substance of the spinal cord are protruded outwards.

In the region of the back of the newborn at the level of cleavage there is hernial protrusion, not covered by muscles and skin.

In severe hernias of the spinal cord, sensitivity disorders, trophic disorders, impairment of motor and pelvic functions are revealed.

Diagnosis of splitting of vertebrae and other abnormalities of the spinal column is carried out using the CT of the spine. For visualization of soft tissue structures (spinal cord, ligaments, intervertebral disks, etc.), MRI of the spine is performed.

The contraction of the sacrum with the V lumbar vertebrae and the separation of the I sacral vertebra from the sacrum can be asymptomatic. When the roots are compressed, sensitivity disorders, paresis and trophic disorders develop in the innervation region.

Cuneiform vertebrae

A common anomaly of development of the spine. Unlike ordinary vertebrae, the sphenoid vertebrae (semi-vertebrae) consist of a half-body and half-arches with a spinous process. They can occur in all parts of the spine. They are one of the causes of scoliosis.

Treatment of spinal anomalies

With a weak or moderately expressed radicular syndrome (impaired sensitivity, movements and nutrition of tissues as a result of root compression) conservative treatment is carried out in the department traumatology.

The pronounced radicular syndrome, which is not amenable to conservative therapy, is an indication for operation on the spine. The removal of additional cervical ribs (resection of the rib), excision of scars and adhesions.

With hernias of the spinal cord, treatment is only prompt.

A source: http://www.krasotaimedicina.ru/diseases/traumatology/spinal-abnormalities