Acute circulatory disturbance, in which the cerebellum suffers, is considered dangerous.
It is this part of the brain that is responsible for the coordination, the work of the optic nerves and the vestibular apparatus.
After a stroke in this area in severe situations, the mind is depressed, sometimes a person will fall into a coma.
Anatomy andfeatures
In case of acute circulatory disturbance in the tissues of the cerebellum, the outcome will depend on how quickly the patient will be assisted. After all, its damage leads to drastic deterioration of well-being and development of coma
.Subsequently, edema of the cerebellum begins. And this leads to squeezing the brain stem.The disease occurs due to vascular damage, which feeds the cerebellum .The defeat of this part of the brain develops as a result of thrombosis, embolism, or rupture of the arteries.
Symptoms of the disease become visible immediately, but most of them are characteristic of other types of disorders of the cerebral circulation. Similar signs are revealed in a stroke stroke.
Learn more about the functions and anatomy of the cerebellum from the video:
The development and prevalence of
The likelihood of encountering apoplexy of the cerebellum increases after 30 years of .But most often elderly people suffer.
As a result of damage to blood vessels, a sufficient supply of oxygen and other nutrients is lost. This causes their death. The disease develops when the blood supply to the cerebellum stops or when there is a hemorrhage in this zone .In order to provide timely assistance to the patient, one must know how it manifests itself.
Types and stages of
Depending on what led to the defeat of the cerebellum, there are 2 types of strokes: ischemic and hemorrhagic.
Ischemic lesion occurs in 75% of cases of .It develops against the background of a reduction or complete cessation of blood flow to the tissues of the organ. As a result, tissue necrosis develops.
The hemorrhagic form of occurs when vascular rupture or permeability increases. The prognosis for this type of lesion is worse, because the consequences of hemorrhagic injuries are more dangerous.
In the initial stage, the person has the first signs of impairment. His coordination deteriorates, dizziness appears, and some people are vomiting .
In the absence of medical care, the cerebellum begins to swell and pressurize the brainstem of the .The patient's condition deteriorates noticeably. At this stage, only a surgical intervention can help a person.
Causes of
Depending on the type of cerebellar insult, there are several possible causes of its development.
Ischemic type of the disease provoked:
- vasospasm, in which their permeability is disturbed;
- with blood clots;
- by arterial hypertension;
- atherosclerosis.
Hemorrhagic stroke develops less often .Enough even a capillary damage in order that it arose. A greater likelihood of its development is observed with aneurysms and arterial dissections.
Risk factors
Physicians identify a number of reasons that provoke such a disease. Human-independent risk factors:
- elderly age( over 60 years);
- male gender;
- heredity;
- circulatory disorders, history of heart attacks;
- thick blood.
It is difficult to influence these reasons. But there are a number of factors that can eliminate for each .They include:
- hobby for alcoholic beverages, narcotic substances;
- obesity;
- sedentary lifestyle;
- use of foods with high salt content.
Certain health problems of are also attributed to the factors that provoke this disease:
- increased cholesterol concentration;
- high blood pressure( check the blood pressure measurement technique);
- disruptions in the process of metabolism;
- status of prediabetes.
Symptoms and signs
To recognize a cerebellar insult, you need to know what changes this disease entails. Doctors distinguish such symptoms:
- impaired coordination of movements;
- disappearance of typical reflexes;
- it is difficult for a person to keep his balance in an upright position;
- appearance of pain in the occipital region;
- dry mouth, impaired swallowing;
- appearance of slurred speech;
- uncontrolled movement of the pupils, eyelid twisting;
- hearing loss;
- feeling of nausea, vomiting;
- loss of consciousness.
First aid and diagnostics
Having noticed these violations it is necessary to call an ambulance .But before her arrival, the patient should be helped. He needs to give an antispasmodic and analgesic. In those cases when the patient is disturbed by the swallowing function, the doctors will have to wait. They will inject the necessary drugs intravenously.
It is important to pack the patient and to ensure that he rest .In the room where it is located, it is better to open the window and ensure the flow of fresh air. If necessary, you must immobilize the limbs before the arrival of physicians.
After the patient gets to the hospital, the physicians analyze the state of the vessels. An important stage in diagnosis is the MRI or MR angiography of cerebral vessels. It is based on the results of these studies that tactics of treatment are chosen.
For diagnostic purposes also:
- computed tomography or angiography to assess the state of the brain, vessels;
- ECG for cardiac function check( we recommend getting acquainted with the interpretation of ECG and the norms of the norm);
- ultrasound dopplerography( UZDG vessels of the brain);
- general expanded blood test, hepatic, renal tests;
- physiological tests, which allow you to determine which functions are violated.
After the examination, a therapy is prescribed.
Selection of treatment regimen
First of all, the patient is provided with emergency assistance. What exactly to decide after an MRI.There are 3 main treatment regimens:
- thrombus destruction;
- decrease in blood density;
- removal of bleeding.
When hemorrhagic stroke doctors prescribe drugs that increase the density of blood. Also, funds are selected to stimulate the work of nerve endings.
In ischemic stroke, , the treatment is aimed at eliminating blood clots that form in the vessels that feed the cerebellum.
In many cases, surgery is required. In case of ischemic injury:
- , the blood flow is redirected along another channel around the blocked vessel;
- remove the formed thrombi;
- is performed by endarterectomy of the arteries;
- is done by angioplasty or stenting to widen the lumen of the artery.
When hemorrhagic lesion shows trepanation of the skull, relief of bleeding, placement in the aneurysm of the cap.
For ischemic lesions, drugs are prescribed that:
- provides the work of the heart muscle;
- normalizes the pressure;
- maintains normal blood quality;
- prevent the formation of new blood clots.
When the hemorrhagic type of disease is selected, medicines that are capable of:
- stop bleeding;
- to accelerate the recovery of nerve cells;
- normalize blood pressure indicators.
Rehabilitation
Is it possible to recover from a hemorrhagic or ischemic stroke of the cerebellum?
It is almost impossible to assume whether the patient will recover after a stroke of the cerebellum. Many after this defeat remain paralyzed .
Restorative procedures begin to do only after the patient normalizes pressure, breathing, heart work.
Special rehabilitation measures are carried out to stimulate motor activity. These include exercise therapy, massage, reflexology .These treatments are needed to restore lost functions and prevent the formation of new blood clots.
It is important for the to provide the patient peace of mind and adjust it to recover .Some doctors recommend acupuncture. This procedure restores the trophism of tissues and increases the motor activity.
Possible complications and prognosis of
It is not necessary to count on the full recovery of the patient who survived the cerebellar stroke. But the predictions will depend on the degree of damage to this part of the brain. The likelihood of a lethal outcome is approaching 50% .And most of the people who survived after the apoplexy of the cerebellum remain disabled.
Doctors say that all the patients after a hemorrhagic or ischemic stroke of the cerebellum have the following effects:
- is pale;
- there are interruptions in the heart rate;
- periods of incoherent or sluggish speech appear;
- raises sweating.
Many have problems with trying to stay on one leg. Some experience difficulties at the time when they sit on a chair. In patients, there is an tremor in the limbs and malfunctioning of certain muscle groups.
Improve the condition allows you to work with a psychologist and speech therapist. But is difficult to recover , if you do not do the work that will be aimed at minimizing stress, avoiding harmful habits, reviewing nutrition.
Preventive Measures, Relapse Prevention
If the patient already has cerebrovascular insult or he is at risk, he should take care of prevention. This person should:
- start to lead a healthy lifestyle;
- give the body adequate physical activity;
- monitor the pressure;
- to avoid stress;
- check the concentration of cholesterol;
- periodically make a tomography scan of the brain.
If you have the first signs of a cerebellum stroke, you should immediately call an ambulance. Only full-fledged diagnostics and timely treatment begin to minimize the negative consequences of such a lesion. If the patient survives, then he has the hope of recovery.
Close people should help him. With a positive attitude, compliance with all the recommendations of doctors, physical activity, the chances for recovery are increasing.
