Antibiotics for bronchitis

Antibiotics for bronchitis

Antibiotics for bronchitis are selected after a thorough examination, examination and all necessary tests by the treating doctor.

Bronchitis is a common disease, both among children and among older people; in recent years, the disease has become chronic in the population. In an adult, the signs of the disease manifest themselves differently depending on certain factors. Before you start treating the disease, you need to determine the cause that led to the disease. Unfortunately, modern doctors prescribe antibiotics at random, according to the principle of "no more will be." However, with some forms of bronchitis, the use of antibiotics only hinders recovery. Bronchitis of a viral origin and without antibiotics is well treatable, since viruses are not destroyed by antibacterial agents. When treating viral bronchitis with antibiotics, depression of immunity begins, dysbacteriosis, allergic reactions, bacteria develop resistance to the drug.

With bronchitis in acute form, the focus of inflammation in the bronchi develops due to ingestion of viruses or infection. If before the disease in humans in the lungs there were no pathological processes, in 95% of the bronchitis was caused by viruses. At a bronchitis of the acute form of a virus origin antibiotics are not obligatory. If a person has a strong immune system, then treatment of a disease of staphylococcal, streptococcal, pneumococcal infection is predominantly symptomatic, recovery is an average of two of the week. If the defenses of the body are weakened, antibiotics must be taken. Acute bronchitis is manifested by a strong cough, pain in the chest, increased body temperature. Most of the patients recover fairly quickly (within two weeks), in some cases, cough lasts about a month.

Chronic bronchitis is considered if the disease occurs throughout the year often enough (the total number of days of illness for a year exceeds 90). At a chronic bronchitis of the person excruciates a strong cough with allocation of slime. Such a cough can be associated with harmful working conditions, smoking, allergic manifestations, infections in the upper respiratory tract. With exacerbations or repeated diseases, treatment is carried out with antibacterial drugs in combination with expectorants.

In a separate category there are bronchitis of Chlamydia and Mycoplasma origin. Recently, bronchitis, provoked by bacteria of chlamydia and microplasma, is diagnosed more often. The development of the disease is very slow, accompanied by signs of intoxication, the disease proceeds in a protracted form, with frequent relapses, treatment such bronchitis succumb extremely hard. In addition to a person's strong cough, fever, high fever, and muscle pains are excruciating.

Antibiotics for pregnant women with bronchitis

The frequency of bronchitis in pregnant women is quite high. This is primarily due to a weakened immune system that is unable to resist viruses and infections. The development of bronchitis begins as a manifestation of the common cold (weakness, temperature). After a few days, a dry cough begins, and after a couple of days sputum begins to appear from the bronchi. It is extremely important for a future mother to take their health seriously, because this threatens with various (sometimes quite serious) complications for the child. If there is a suspicion that the bronchitis is developing, you should immediately consult a doctor.

The excretion of sputum from the lungs in pregnant women is difficult, since the mobility of the diaphragm is reduced, and it is in a raised state. A long time stagnating in the bronchi sputum prolongs the term of the disease, in addition, this state is extremely harmful for the future mother, and for her baby. If in total the disease lasted no more than two weeks, most likely, the disease proceeded in acute form, but if the treatment lasted for a month or more - it means that the disease became chronic shape. Acute bronchitis has no harmful effect on the future baby, but a long chronic form of the disease can lead to intrauterine infection of the fetus. After the examination and all tests confirmed the diagnosis of bronchitis, treatment of a woman should be started as soon as possible.

X-rays to pregnant women are prescribed only in extreme cases, when the doctor has doubts about the correct diagnosis, the disease is accompanied by a very serious condition of the woman, a variety of complications. Antibiotics for bronchitis are prescribed quite often, but the use of such potent drugs for women in period of pregnancy is not recommended, especially during the first three months you need to exclude any medicinal preparations. As a rule, antibiotics are prescribed to pregnant women in extreme cases, when mothers are threatened with serious complications. In the event that it is not possible to dispense with antibiotics, preparations from a number of penicillins, which can be used in the treatment of pregnant women, are prescribed. These drugs virtually eliminate the possibility of harm to the child. If a woman is in the second trimester, then the use of cephalosporin group drugs is possible.

With bronchitis in acute form, you can use Bioporox - a local antibiotic with which inhalations are carried out. This agent acts directly in the respiratory tract, therefore, the possibility of penetration through the placenta is completely excluded, which is extremely important for a woman in the position.

List of antibiotics for bronchitis

Aminopenicillins:

• amoksiklav;
• amoxicillin;
• arlet;
• augmentin.

Antibiotics of this series are destructive to the walls of bacteria, their action is directed only at harmful microorganisms, and there is no harm to the body as a whole. The only drawback of such drugs is that penicillins are capable of provoking strong allergic reactions.

Macrolides:

• Macropen;
• sumamed.

Block the multiplication of microbes due to disruption of protein production in cells.

Fluoroquinolones:

• ofloxacin;
• levofloxacin;
• moxifloxacin.

Antibiotics for bronchitis of a wide spectrum of action, their frequent use leads to disruption of the digestive tract, provokes dysbiosis.

Cephalosporins:

• ceftriaxone;
• cefazolin;
• cephalexin.

Antibiotics of a wide spectrum of action, well cope with microorganisms resistant to penicillins. Preparations of this group are usually well tolerated by patients, in very rare cases cause allergic reactions.

Antibiotics for bronchitis in adults

Antibiotics for bronchitis in older people often have a major importance in the treatment of the disease. First of all, anti-infectious agents with antibacterial effect are used: rovamycin, flemoxin, chemomycin, azithromycin.

In second place is a cephalosporin group of antibiotics: suprax, ceftriaxone, cefazolin, cefepime. Such antibiotics are used in light and medium course of the disease, mainly in the form of tablets. Severe stages of the disease are treated with injections, in some cases it is advisable to use combination therapy combining injections and taking tablets. With bronchitis of viral origin, antiviral agents such as vifron, kipferon, geneferon, and the like are used. It is also necessary to take expectorants (ACS, lazolvan, bromhexine, etc.). If you suffer from dyspnea, you can use bronchodilators: teopek, euphyllin, berodual, salbutamol, etc. Also, treatment should be supplemented with vitamin preparations to strengthen the defenses of the body.

If antibiotics are prescribed without sputum analysis, preference is given to broad-spectrum antibiotics, usually penicillin or a protected penicillin group. The most commonly prescribed is augmentin from the group of protected penicillins, which has a disastrous effect on most bacteria that are unable to develop resistance to this drug. Augmentin is available in the form of tablets, injections, suspensions. The drug in the form of a suspension is convenient to use for the treatment of small children, this drug can also be used in pregnancy. Safety of use of the drug in childhood and pregnant women has been proved by numerous studies.

Also, antibiotic preparations of the macrolide group, for example, azithromycin, have a good therapeutic effect. Preparations are convenient to use, since it is required to be taken once, besides the course of treatment is not very long, 3 to 5 days.

However, the appointment of an antibiotic should be carried out taking into account the identified pathogens of the disease, on the basis of bacteriosives (sputum analysis).

Antibiotics for bronchitis in children

For the treatment of such a disease as bronchitis in children, drugs that improve drainage of the bronchi, i. a variety of mucolytic agents (liquefying phlegm): ambroxol, licorice root, althea, etc. Recently, inhalers have become very popular with the help of a special inhalation device - a nebulizer, which can be used at home.

Antibiotics for bronchitis in children are often prescribed together with antiallergic and immunomodulating drugs. Its effectiveness and safety for children was proved by the phytoantibiotic Umkalor, which includes bacteriostatic properties. This drug is well suited for the final cure of the disease, after using more powerful antibiotics, since the drug has good immunostimulating properties. Umcalor is recommended to take at least a week after the disappearance of the main symptoms of the disease for prevention.

It is mandatory to take funds aimed at maintaining and restoring the intestinal microflora in order to prevent the development of dysbiosis and weakening of the body's defenses. If treatment is started in a timely manner and an effective course of treatment is chosen, recovery occurs in 2 to 3 weeks.

Antibiotics for chronic bronchitis

Chronic bronchitis develops a change in the bronchial mucosa. Characteristic signs of bronchitis is sputum for more than two consecutive years, frequent prolonged exacerbations of the disease (at least three months a year). With chronic bronchitis there are stages of exacerbation and remission. In case of exacerbations, usually, the patient's extremely difficult condition is observed, in which he is forced to seek qualified help. In such periods, people suffer severe attacks of cough, weakness, increased sweating, fever. Periods of remission are accompanied by regular sputum discharge when coughing, which does not greatly affect a person's daily life. With chronic bronchitis, mucous ulcers get purulent sputum, sometimes bloody impurities appear.

The chronic form of bronchitis is most often sick at an older age, young people and children usually suffer the disease in a protracted form, with frequent relapses.

Antibiotics for bronchitis should be prescribed only after determining the sensitivity of pathogens to the active substance. Exacerbation of the chronic form of the disease can occur with the activity of chlamydia, legionella, and microplasmas. In this case, effective drugs for the treatment of the disease are antibiotics of the macrolide group (azithromycin, rovamycin). If the causative agent is Gram-positive coccal bacteria, antibiotics of the cephalosporin series are prescribed, with Gram-negative coccal infection - preparations of the last generation.

Good efficacy in the treatment of chronic forms of bronchitis are shown by antibiotics of a wide spectrum of action, tetracyclines, macrolides, etc.

Antibiotics for acute bronchitis

The causative agents of the acute form of bronchitis are mainly rhinovirus infections, respiratory-sentient viruses, influenza viruses, and the like. Bacterial pathogens of the disease are most often mycoplasmas, chlamydia. The culprits of acute bronchitis are viruses in 90% of cases, in the remaining 10% - bacteria. Also, acute bronchitis can develop as a result of prolonged exposure to poison gas or chemical compounds.

When acute form of bronchitis appears cough with the discharge of mucous sputum (sometimes with an admixture of pus), fever, weakness. In some patients, cough lasts about a month.

Antibiotics for bronchitis, which occurs in acute form, in most cases, use is undesirable, because the disease is most often caused by a viral infection, in which antibiotic therapy is ineffective. Treatment of bronchitis in acute form is mostly symptomatic (antipyretic, antitussive, vitamin preparations). If bronchitis has developed as a result of influenza virus, treatment is advisable to carry out antiviral drugs.

In some cases, the use of antibacterial drugs for bronchitis is still a necessity. First of all, these are people in old age and small children, since they have an increased risk of developing severe complications (exacerbation of chronic disease, pneumonia). Usually, in such cases, amoxicillin (500 mg three times a day), josamycin (500 mg three times a day), spiramycin (2 times a day for 3 million IU), erythromycin (500 mg four times a day) is prescribed in such cases.

Antibiotics for obstructive bronchitis

Obstructive bronchitis is accompanied by a dry obtrusive cough that lasts almost without stopping, usually arises, and after coughing, there is no relief. Cough often intensifies at night, thus preventing a person from resting, the first time the body temperature is not increased. The usual symptoms of the disease (weakness, headache, fever) are practically not observed. In most cases, dyspnea appears in the disease, difficulty breathing, small children often widen the wings of the nose when trying to breathe, while breathing noisy, with hissing sounds.

The course of obstructive bronchitis occurs in acute or chronic form. Diseases in the acute form are most often affected by children, chronic - adults and elderly people.

Antibiotics for bronchitis of the obstructive form are appointed after a bacterial infection is detected. The usual means used for treatment are fluoroquinolones, aminopenicillins, macrolides. With an exhausting cough that does not give the patient a full rest, an erespal is prescribed (usually one tablet twice a day).

Antibiotics for purulent bronchitis

The development of a purulent form of the disease usually occurs due to the initially incorrect treatment of the acute form of the disease. With bronchitis, sputum analysis is rarely prescribed for sensitivity, and in most cases, drugs with a wide spectrum of action are immediately prescribed. Usually this kind of treatment is effective. Together with antibiotics, thinner phlegm and antiallergic drugs are prescribed. A number of complications are caused by the viral nature of the disease, in this case, antibiotics for bronchitis are completely ineffective, since their effect does not apply to viruses. With such treatment, the disease progresses, and passes into a more severe form, most often into a purulent one. With purulent bronchitis, sputum appears with purulent impurities.

Treatment of the disease should be done after the mandatory determination of microflora and its sensitivity to antibiotics. Good efficacy in the treatment of purulent forms of bronchitis show inhalation.

Natural antibiotics for bronchitis

Natural antibiotics in bronchitis are not able to completely replace drugs, but they can fully protect the body from of most infections, to strengthen immunity (in contrast to chemical), besides natural remedies do not destroy microflora in the intestine and do not provoke a dysbacteriosis.

For a long time people knew the products and plants that had anti-inflammatory and bactericidal properties during treatment. One of the most famous strong antibiotics of natural origin is garlic. It well destroys viruses, bacteria, parasites, penetrating into our body. Garlic acts fatal to such bacteria as Styrmococcus, Staphylococcus, Salmonella, diphtheria, tuberculosis. In total, garlic fights with 23 different bacteria.

Onion is also a widely known powerful natural antibiotic that helps stop the reproduction of sticks of dysentery, diphtheria, tuberculosis, streptococcal, staphylococcal infections. The aroma of onion helps cleanse the airways.

The root of horseradish contains lysozyme, which destroys the cellular structure of bacteria, thereby eliminating the infection.

Black radish acts destructively on cells of microorganisms. In combination with honey, it has a strong bactericidal effect. In addition, it helps to strengthen the defenses of the body, weakened by the disease.

Garnet has strong anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties, since ancient times pomegranate was used to treat typhoid fever, salmonellosis, colitis, stomach diseases, non-healing wounds, dysentery, cholera, sore throat. Substances in the pomegranate function in the human body selectively, in contrast to chemicals, and destroy only pathogens.

Raspberry has long been known for its sweating, anti-inflammatory, bactericidal properties, besides, it has a good soothing effect. Raspberries are especially effective for diseases of the throat, bronchi, and the like.

Kalina has good bactericidal properties, successfully destroys various fungi, bacteria, viruses, and also increases immunity. But the viburnum can not be taken continuously, it is recommended as a prophylaxis of seasonal diseases (in the autumn-winter period).

In honey contains all important for our body trace elements. It helps to cope with various diseases, in particular caused by bacterial infections.

The composition of propolis is rich in essential oils, flavonoids, flavonoids, organic acids. Scientists have repeatedly argued that propolis is effective in fighting a variety of pathogenic microorganisms. Propolis has no contraindications and side effects (except for individual intolerance), in addition, microorganisms do not develop resistance to it.

Aloe - a long-known medicinal plant, which is popular in our days. In scarlet, except for a multitude of trace elements, vitamins, etc., there is one substance that has a strong antiviral, antiseptic, antifungal effect. In addition, scarlet increases the body's defenses and helps cope with serious diseases.

Mumiye in its principle of action resembles propolis. Scientists have already been shown the presence in the mummy of an antibiotic, which is superior in strength to the effects of penicillin. The solution mummy destroys E. coli, staphylococcus and other pathogenic microorganisms. Take mummies should be a course of no more than 10 days, because there is a strong stimulating effect.

In the composition of chamomile is a large number of essential oils, which have a good anti-inflammatory and antiseptic effect on the human body. Also in the composition of chamomile are various acids, glucose, carotene, which are very useful for human health. Modern science has recognized the chamomile as one of the few plants that help a person effectively combat gastrointestinal diseases, nervous disorders, colds, etc. Camomile is also a strong antiseptic and has expectorant properties.

Calendula has a wide variety of uses. Its antibacterial properties of calendula is due to the essential oil entering into its composition. Infusion and flowers of calendula is usually well tolerated by people prone to allergic reactions.

Sage is one of the strong natural antibiotics, which has antiseptic and antiviral properties. Sage has proven itself as an additional remedy in the treatment of diseases that cause various viral and bacterial infections. It is very effective against gram-positive microorganisms (enterococci, staphylococci, etc.).

Essential oils of plants such as sage, cloves, tea tree, fir, lavender, mint, etc. are natural antibiotics that destroy bacteria, viruses, fungi and inhibit the reproduction of microbes.

A good antibiotic for bronchitis

Antibiotics for bronchitis are used in several groups:

• aminopenicillins - act destructively on the walls of bacteria, thus causing the death of microorganisms. Of this group, amoxicillin is often prescribed. The human body does not have components that are similar in structure to the bacterial cell walls, so preparations of this group act solely on microbes and do not have a harmful effect on the body rights. But penicillin antibiotics are more likely than other drugs to provoke severe allergic reactions.
• macrolides - disrupt the production of protein in bacterial cells, as a result, bacteria lose their ability to reproduce. A wide spread of azithromycin, roxithromycin. If the nature of the disease is protracted, drugs of this group can be treated for a long time, without fear that the medicine will harm the body. This group of drugs can be used in childhood, during pregnancy and lactation.
• fluoroquinolones - break the DNA of bacteria, which leads to their death. Usually moxifloxacin, levofloxacin is prescribed. Preparations of this group show a good result in the treatment of various forms of bronchitis, but they are quite expensive. Fluoroquinolones have a wide spectrum of action (an order of magnitude greater than macrolides and aminopenicillins), therefore, with prolonged reception, the development of dysbacteriosis is provoked.

Antibiotics from which group is better, it is rather difficult to say. The drugs of the first line (ie those that the doctor appoints first) are penicillin antibiotics. With individual intolerance or expressed resistance of microorganisms to penicillins, second-line drugs - macrolides are used. If, for some reason, macrolide antibiotics are not effective in treating bronchitis, they switch to fluoroquinolones. Usually, treatment is limited to only three of the above groups of antibiotics, but in some cases, tetracyclines, cephalosporins can be used. In different clinical situations, a drug is selected that is optimally suited to specific conditions, taking into account the analyzes, the patient's condition and the severity of the disease.

Sumamed with bronchitis

Sumamed is used in the treatment of various infectious-inflammatory diseases. This drug belongs to the group of macrolides, it is well absorbed into the digestive tract, it has a good ability to penetrate into the blood and bacteria cells. In particular, the preparation penetrates into the cells responsible for immunity, which contributes to its rapid entry into the focus of the infection, where it destroys the causative agents of the disease. In the focus of inflammation, a sufficiently high concentration of the drug is observed, for a long time, not less than three days, which reduced the course of treatment. Sumamed is prescribed a course three days once a day (500 mg), an hour before meals or two hours later. This antibiotic is active against a large number of pathogens of the upper respiratory tract, ENT organs, soft tissues and skin, joints, bones, as well as against ureaplasma, mycoplasmal, chlamydial infections, which are difficult to cope with treatment.

Antibiotics for bronchitis should be prescribed only after preliminary examination of excreta (sputum) on the sensitivity of bacteria. However, in practice, antibacterial drugs with a broad spectrum of action, such as sumamed, are usually immediately prescribed, and if after the analysis it is established that the bacteria are insensitive to this type of antibiotic, the doctor changes it to another antibacterial a drug.

Usually sumamed by patients is well tolerated and does not cause side reactions if all the necessary admission rules are followed. However, adverse reactions still occur in rare cases (as with any other medication): nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain. In the intestine, irritation is not caused by the drug itself, but by a conditionally pathogenic microflora inhabiting the intestine of a person who begins an active life after the destruction of a beneficial microflora. Also intensify the activity of Candida fungus, which threatens the development of candidomycosis (thrush) of the oral cavity, intestines, genital organs and other mucous membranes. Also, Sumamed can disrupt the liver, nervous system (lethargy, insomnia, dizziness, increased excitability, etc.).

In general, sumamed is an effective drug that must be applied correctly and accurately.

Augmentin with bronchitis

Augmentin inhibits the growth of bacteria and acts destructively on microorganisms. The drug refers to the semisynthetic antibiotics of the aminopenicillin group, contains clavulanic acid, which enhances the action of the basic substance. Antibiotic preparation is made in the form of injections, drops, tablets, powder for suspensions. Due to a wide spectrum of action, the drug is used in the treatment of most inflammatory infections caused by bacteria that do not develop resistance to penicillins. Despite the fact that augmentin refers to penicillin antibiotics, its effect on microorganisms is enhanced by clavulanic acid, which blocks the action of beta-lactamase, produced by microorganisms to suppress activity penicillins. As a result, augmentin is effective against a greater number of bacteria than other antibiotics in the bronchitis of the penicillin group.

Adverse reactions in the treatment of augmentin develop quite rarely, in some cases, the emergence of dysbiosis, violations of the liver, nausea, urticaria. Very rarely can anaphylactic shock occur. Do not prescribe augmentin for individual intolerance to penicillins, with hepatic or renal failure, during pregnancy (especially in the first trimester).

The dosage of the drug depends on the patient's condition, the individual sensitivity of the microflora, the age of the patient. For young children (up to a year), the drug is prescribed three times in the form of drops per day for 0, 75 or 1, 25ml. In severe cases, intravenous injections are given every 8 hours. Children 7 - 12 years are prescribed a drug in the form of a syrup or suspension of 5 ml 3 times a day. Children over 12 years of age and adults with a mild and moderate course of the disease are recommended to take the drug three times in the form of tablets per day (by, 75 mg). In severe bronchitis it is recommended to take three times a day, 25 mg (2 tablets). If the hepatic function, the individual dosage of the drug is determined by the attending physician.

Amoxiclav in bronchitis

Amoxiclav is a combined preparation with a wide spectrum of action, it acts perniciously on the majority of microorganisms-pathogens of infectious diseases. Produced by the drug, like many other antibiotics for bronchitis in various forms: tablets, injections, drops and suspensions. The dosage of the drug depends on the age, body weight, severity of the disease. The recommended dose for an adult is 1 tablet three times a day.

Amoxiclav contains an antibiotic of the penicillin series (amoxicillin) and clavulanic acid, which also has a slight antibacterial effect. Due to this, the drug is effective against bacteria that are resistant to penicillin.

Amoxiclav is well absorbed into the digestive tract, penetrates into the blood, from which it enters various tissues, and it also has the ability to penetrate the placenta. The drug is excreted mainly by the kidneys, decomposing into metabolic products. Usually the drug is well tolerated by patients and has virtually no contraindications. You can not use amoxiclav for individual intolerance, violations of the liver, with lymphocytic leukemia, infectious mononucleosis, in children under 12 years (in the form of tablets). After taking the drug in some cases, nausea, vomiting, dizziness and headaches may occur, rarely convulsions appear. Also, the drug has the ability to reduce the defenses of the body.

New generation antibiotics for bronchitis

Antibiotics for bronchitis are usually prescribed with a wide range of effects, although the choice of drugs should depend on the results of a laboratory study of sputum. The best way to treat the disease will be that which has a disastrous effect directly on the causative agent of the disease. This approach to treatment is due to the fact that laboratory analysis takes quite a long time (3-5 days), and treatment should be started as early as possible in order to avoid complications.

In bronchitis, the following groups of antibacterial drugs are used:

• penicillins - the composition includes penicillin and substances that enhance their effect. Penicillin drugs have been used in medicine for quite some time. During this period, microorganisms acquired resistance to the action of penicillin, so it became necessary to strengthen the drugs special substances that will block the action of enzymes produced by microorganisms to reduce activity penicillin. Currently, the most effective antibacterial drugs of the penicillin series are panclav, amoxiclav, augmentin.
• macrolides - are usually prescribed when there is an individual penicillin intolerance. Today, erythromycin and clarithromycin are widely used for the treatment of bronchitis.
• Cephalosporins are usually prescribed for obstructive forms of the disease. Modern effective drugs are ceftriaxone, cefuroxime.

• fluoroquinolones - are commonly used in the treatment of bronchitis in chronic form in the stage of exacerbation, it is recommended to begin treatment from the first days. Today, moxifloxacin, levofloxacin, ciprofloxacin are of great efficacy.

The effectiveness of an antibiotic is determined after a laboratory test for the sensitivity of pathogenic microflora.

How to cure bronchitis without antibiotics?

Bronchitis is a widespread disease of the respiratory tract, so there are many recipes of folk medicine that help effectively fight against viruses and bacteria. Antibiotics for bronchitis are usually appointed in case of detection of a bacterial infection. In other cases, treatment with such drugs will harm the body more.

The most first aid to man in the fight against diseases are the well-known products: onions and garlic. Their action has been known to people for a long time. For the treatment of bronchitis, tincture of onions with honey was widely used. To make a medicine, grate the onion, then add the honey (1 part of honey and 3 parts of onions) to it. Take such a drug you need about three times a day for a tablespoon, after 20-25 minutes a field of food.

Also, the sweetly baked bulb is effectively helped to fight the diseases of the respiratory tract according to the old French recipe. For cooking, you need to remove the core from the half-cut bulb and pour a teaspoon of sugar into the cavity, bake in the oven at 150 degrees to caramelize the sugar.

A debilitating cough will help to defeat milk with sage. A glass of milk will require a tablespoon of herbs, the broth should be boiled for about 10 minutes. Then the mixture is filtered and taken in a warm form in half a cup. The broth should be drunk in small sips.

A good hot drink helps in the fight against bronchitis: tea with the addition of honey, viburnum or raspberry, in which there is a lot of vitamin C to maintain immunity. Certainly you need to consume more citrus (lemon, grapefruit). Good anti-inflammatory and supporting the body properties are decoctions of linden, mint, pine buds. A decoction from a mixture of plantain, licorice root, violet, mother-and-stepmother (mixed in equal amounts, then a tablespoon is poured into 200 ml of boiling water, brought to a boil and boiled for 20 minutes slowly fire). The broth is taken about six times a day for 5 tbsp. spoons.

In addition to broths, various inhalations have good efficacy in the treatment of bronchitis, after which dry mucous moisturizes, calms down, coughs die, directly in the hearth inflammation. Inhalations can be carried out with the addition of various essential oils (fir, pine, eucalyptus).

Antibiotics for bronchitis help cope with a disease that is of bacterial origin, i.e. is caused by the activity in the bronchi of various bacteria. With viral bronchitis (for colds, flu), antibiotics are prescribed only in extreme cases, when the disease threatens with severe complications, there is a risk of developing a bacterial infection, etc. Bronchitis with the right approach to treatment is cured within two weeks. To prevent the disease from turning into a heavier form, it is necessary to comply with bed rest, drink enough liquid (mainly teas with the addition of raspberry jam, viburnum, honey, as well as herbal decoctions of mint, linden, chamomile and etc.).

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Antibiotics for bronchitis in adults | What antibiotics to take with bronchitis

Bronchitis itself is a non-infectious disease. This inflammation of the bronchial mucosa, which affects not only the mucosa, but also the wall of the bronchus. Most often bronchitis in adults develops after respiratory diseases. Bronchitis does not require antibiotic treatment. When infected with a viral infection, antibiotics are not effective in adults with bronchitis. Only at the last stage of the disease can a bacterial infection be connected. At attacks of a cough when the phlegm is allocated purulent and with a characteristic smell - only then at the diagnosis a bronchitis appoint antibiotics. What antibiotics to take with bronchitis and when, read further in the article.

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Antibiotics for bronchitis as standard treatment in adults

Most often, in adults with bronchitis, antimicrobials are prescribed. And basically they prescribe drugs of new generations, to which microorganisms have not yet had time to adapt. Or prescribe a combined treatment of bronchitis in adults with two or more antibiotics. Each of the antibiotics in the treatment of bronchitis in adults refers to a different group of drugs. It is necessary to take into account and individual intolerance to certain types of antibiotics or allergic reaction is not drugs.

In the diagnosis of bronchitis, bacteriological and microbiological examination of sputum is carried out, which makes it possible to identify microorganisms (their association), which become the cause of the disease and choose a more effective antibiotic that will act on microorganisms, causing their death with minimal concentration in blood.

In the presence of foci of bacterial infection, antibiotics are prescribed for bronchitis in adults, as well as for prolonged illness and inflammation, which are found in clinical blood tests. Antibiotics for bronchitis in adults is prescribed from five to seven days, and in rare cases up to ten. It all depends on what form the disease has:

• obstructive,
• acute or
• chronic.

Principles of treatment of bronchitis with antibiotics

Antibiotics from bronchitis are taken when symptoms of intoxication are clearly visible, and also if the sputum is purulent. Treatment takes place over a period of two weeks, and if antibiotics do not produce the desired result, sputum analysis should be carried out to determine the causative agent of the disease. During illness the patient should eat well, the diet should contain enough proteins, vitamins and biologically active additives. When performing doctor's appointments, bronchitis is cured without problems.

When it comes to antibiotics, which are necessary for the treatment of bronchitis, the opinions of specialists are divided. Treatment of bronchitis with antibiotics is used in cases when bronchitis is in the stage of a relapsing state. Very often the cause of the disease is viruses, and the use of antibiotics is not practiced, as the viruses are treated with antiseptics. The prescribed preparations of the antibacterial group can lead to the development of allergies, dysbacteriosis and resistance of microorganisms to this drug.

Today, for the treatment of bronchitis, antibiotics are prescribed at random. Some species, such as tetracycline, penicillin, erythromycin group preparations, may weaken the immune system. For the treatment of bronchitis with antibiotics, it is necessary to conduct a series of tests to determine the sensitivity to a particular drug, and use only an effective drug.

Treatment of bronchitis with antibiotics lasts from three to seven days, in rare cases, treatment lasts up to ten days. It depends, most likely on the form of bronchitis. When treatment does not give the desired result, antibiotics of several groups are prescribed. Combining different groups of antibiotics can be done according to special tables.

Indications for prescribing antibiotics in the treatment of bronchitis

Experts have not come to a common opinion about the advisability of using antibiotics for the treatment of bronchitis. There is only one opinion with which they are in agreement - the treatment of bronchitis with antibiotics, should not be used from the first days of the disease. The use of antibiotics is possible in a number of cases:

1. very high, non-decreasing temperature (above 38 degrees) for more than 2 days;

2. manifestation of toxic poisoning (toxicosis);

3. in the absence of bronchial obstruction, the appearance of dyspnea;

4. high level of ESR in the blood;

5. sizzling breath without bronchial obstruction.

The basis for prescribing antibiotics for bronchitis in adults is the prolonged course of the disease, when in the laboratory analysis of blood the inflammatory process of the upper respiratory organs is detected. Assign medications in the presence of bacterial infection.

What antibiotics and other drugs should I take with bronchitis?

In the treatment of bronchitis in adults, the most effective are:

1. antibiotics Hemomycin, Flemoxin, Macropen, Rovamycin, Azithromycin, Frolimid - which represent the first group of drugs.

2. The second group includes cephalosporins: Suprax, Cephalosoline, Ceftriaxone, Claforan, Cephalexin, Fortum, Cefepime, Rocefin. Preparations are administered orally in mild to moderate forms of the disease.

3. In severe bronchitis, antibiotics are more effective in the form of injections. Sometimes a doctor combines medicines, simultaneously appoints both injections and tablets.

4. At a virus infection at a bronchitis accept antiviral preparations: Kipferon, Genferon, Viferon.

5. Also, for bronchitis in adults, expectorants are prescribed: Lazolvan, Bromhexin, Ambroxol, Fljuditek, ACTS.

6. When shortness of breath apply effective bronchodilator drugs: Teopek, Euphyllin, Berodual, Teotard, Salbutamol. Treatment is supplemented with half-vitamin preparations.

In the therapy of bronchitis with medicines, there are different directions. Each of them has its own way to treat bronchitis. This article will list the most effective cures for bronchitis, which exist in medical practice.

Drugs for bronchitis for inhalation treatment

The safest method of getting medications in bronchitis in the respiratory tract is inhalation. To achieve the results, various devices are used: metered aerosols and powders in dry form. In some cases, nebulizers are used.

The inhalation method introduces anticholinergic drugs for the treatment of bronchitis. The most popular remedy is Ipratropium bromide. Method of administering drugs using aerosols with dosage. For the basic treatment of bronchitis anticholinergics are used, which have no side effects. When prescribing Beta2 agonists to elderly people, one must be careful, there are contraindications for people with heart diseases. In the form of an aerosol with a dosage find application: Berotek, Berodual, Salbutamol.

Medications for bronchitis of the mucoregulatory and glucosteroid class

Drugs from bronchitis of the class of mucoregulatory drugs take with bronchitis those patients who have broken mucus secretion, and effective in the use of lazolvan and acetylcysteine.

Therapy of bronchitis with glucocorticosteroids has results when basic therapy does not come to the rescue even at large dosages. Apply this therapy with a successful resultant course of corticosteroids (taking pills of prednisolone). It is very important to test the GCS method in the form of inhalations, and only after a bad result, it is possible to treat bronchitis in adults with corticosteroids.

Home treatment and folk remedies as an alternative to antibiotics in the treatment of bronchitis

To treat and prevent bronchitis in adults can be folk remedies, but only when the patient is at the stage of recovery.

1. If you get bronchitis, be sure to adhere to bed rest.

2. Take hot tea with bronchitis and honey and lemon from bronchitis.

3. Brew for the bronchitis of a branch of raspberry and lime color.

4. Warm compresses on the chest.

5. Remarkably help in the treatment of bronchitis in adults menthol, eucalyptus inhalation.

6. It is necessary to use cough and antiallergic agents for the treatment of acute forms of bronchitis.

7. Add to your daily intake of food vitamins and supplements, which contain a significant amount of micro and macro elements.

8. Of the drugs that are used to treat bronchitis in adults, it is worth highlighting Bronchipret. It includes natural plant elements that have a complex effect.

Folk remedies in addition to antibiotics for home treatment of bronchitis

1. To improve the separation of sputum in bronchitis, it is recommended to take an apple drink several times a day. To do this, you need to cut several apples into equal pieces, brew them with boiling water, let it brew for 30 minutes and use warm.

2. Good help in treating bronchitis in adults is a simple recipe for cough: mix the juice of black radish, carrots and a tablespoon of honey. Take it every hour for 1 tablespoon.

3. Extremely useful in the treatment of bronchitis in adults is also chicory with honey, a ginger beverage. These foods help your body fight bacteria.

4. It is recommended also to rub the chest for treatment of bronchitis, enough time to spend in the open air, eat well, play sports. Do not overcool in cold and wet weather. In order for you to be always healthy, you need to take time to rest.

One of the causes of chronic bronchitis in adults is smoking. Bronchitis is an infectious disease, so that the treatment has passed quickly, it is necessary to refuse first of all bad habits, and then the treatment of bronchitis in adults will be much more effective.

Treatment of bronchitis in adults gives a positive and quick result when the cause of the disease is eliminated - smoking. When smoking chronic bronchitis is difficult to treat, and for this antibiotic sulfonamides are used. This method of treating bronchitis with the use of antibiotics helps to stop the inflammatory process in the upper respiratory tract, improve the patency of the bronchi, and also helps restore immunity.

AstroMeridian.ru

Antibiotics for bronchitis

The thunderstorm of the autumn-spring period is bronchitis. Often it begins with a common cold and other respiratory diseases - sore throat or sinusitis. How to treat bronchitis correctly, only the doctor will say. Many people avoid using strong medicines and are treated with folk remedies. Often this is the reason for the transition of manifestations of bronchitis in the chronic course of the disease. Antibiotics for bronchitis should not be taken alone - be sure to contact your doctor.

Scheme of treatment of bronchitis and pneumonia with antibiotics

Treatment of inflammation of the respiratory tract is carried out in a hospital or outpatient. Light bronchitis is successfully eliminated at home, chronic or acute manifestations require hospitalization. Bronchitis and pneumonia are insidious diseases, so do not self-medicate. For adults and children, doctors prescribe different antibiotics and apply different healing procedures. Thus, antibiotics for bronchitis and the treatment regimen depend on:

• age;
• having a tendency to allergies;
• the nature of the disease (acute, chronic);
• type of pathogen;
• parameters of the drugs used (speed and spectrum of action, toxicity).

Antibiotics powerfully affect the human body, and their thoughtless use can harm, not help. For example, the use of strong drugs in the prevention of bronchitis can have the opposite effect. The constant intake of antibiotics inhibits immunity, promotes the emergence of dysbiosis, adaptation of strains of the disease to the drugs used. Therefore, it can not be said that antibiotics are the best remedy for bronchitis. Treatment of obstructive bronchitis with antibiotics is prescribed in the case of:

• if there is a high temperature (more than 38 degrees), which lasts longer than 3 days;
• purulent sputum;
• protracted nature of the disease - treatment for longer than a month does not bring recovery.
• manifesting severe symptoms during exacerbation.
• if the analysis of sputum revealed pathogens, bacterial or atypical nature.

In adults

What antibiotics to drink in adults with bronchitis? A specific treatment regimen is used based on the severity of the disease, its course and the age of the patient. With bronchitis of acute type, drugs of penicillin group are prescribed - Amoxicillin, Erythromycin. With chronic it is possible to use Amoxiclav, Augmentin. If this group of drugs does not help, they switch to the use of Rovamycin, Sumamed and others.

For the elderly, Flemoxin, Azithromycin, Suprax, Ceftriaxone are prescribed. If sputum analysis was not performed, then a wide range of antibiotics are preferred: Ampicillin, Streptocillin, Tetracycin, etc. After the analysis, the doctor prescribes directed drugs. The decision on what antibiotics to take when bronchitis in adults is taken by the attending physician. In any case, the following treatment principles should be adhered to:

1. Drugs are taken strictly according to the instructions (dosage, schedule) at regular intervals.
2. It is unacceptable to skip the reception of tablets.
3. If the symptoms of bronchitis have disappeared - you can not arbitrarily stop treatment.

Children

Unlike adults, the treatment of bronchitis in children with antibiotics is extremely undesirable and dangerous. It is allowed to use drugs only if there is a suspicion of an infectious type of disease. Children should take penicillin group drugs. For children with asthma, the use of azithromycin, erythromycin is allowed. In the rest the treatment scheme of the child is standard and is aimed at eliminating symptoms. Assign:

• bed rest, child care;
• drugs to reduce temperature;
• means for eliminating cough and sore throat;
• application of traditional medicine.

Groups of antibacterials of new generation

Penicillins (oxacillin, ampicillin, ticarcillin, piperacillin). The group of drugs includes such as "Amoxiclav "Augmentin "Panklav etc. They have a bactericidal effect, they affect the formation of the protein wall of a harmful bacterium, as a result of which it dies. Preparations with it are considered the safest. The only negative is the ability to excite allergic reactions. If the disease is started and the drugs with penicillin do not have the proper effect, then they switch to strong drugs.

Macrolides. An extensive group of drugs, which include erythromycin, oleandomycin, midecamycin, dirithromycin, telithromycin, roxithromycin, clarithromycin. The brightest representatives of macrolides on the pharmacological market are preparations "Erythromycin "Claricin "Sumamed". The mechanism of action is directed to the disturbance of the vital activity of the microbial cell. In terms of safety, macrolides are less harmful than tetracyclines, fluoroquinols, more dangerous than penicillins, but they are good for people who are allergic. In combination with penicillins reduce their effectiveness.

Fluoroquinolones (pefloxacin, lomefloxacin, sparfloxacin, hemifloxacin, moxifloxacin). On the market, the drugs are presented by "Afelox "Afenoxin and medications that are of the same name with the main active substance, for example, "Moxifloxacin". This group is used as a medicine for bronchitis. It is prescribed only if the previous two groups of antibiotics did not affect the causative agent of the disease.

Cephalosporins (active substances - cephalexin, cefaclor, cefoperazone, cefepime). According to the type of pathogen, the patient is prescribed "Cefalexin "Cefuroxime axetil "Cefotaxime". Limited to the effect on some pathogens. For example, such antibiotics absolutely do not affect pneumococci, chlamydia, microplasmas, listeria. Preparations of the first generation are practically not absorbed into the blood, and therefore are administered in the form of injections.

Which antibiotics are the most effective?

Amoxicillin. Form release - capsules and granules. Adults take 500 mg (1-2 capsules) 3 times a day, if the bronchitis in severe form is doubled to 1000 mg. The child is prescribed from 100 to 250 mg per day, depending on the age. To facilitate admission for children, a suspension is prepared - in half a glass of water, the antibiotic is diluted and shaken. The method of intake is only oral, by injection the drug is not administered.

Sumamed. It is used for bronchitis and pneumonia. It is not used by patients with liver and kidney dysfunction. Produced by tablets, capsules, powder for suspensions. Dosage for adults - 500 mg per day, course 3-5 days. Children dose determined by weight - 5-30 mg of medicine per 1 kg. More accurate and correct dosage will be told only by a specialist, do not neglect medical opinion.

Levofloxacin and Moxifloxacin. They are positioned as antibiotics for chronic bronchitis in adults (over 18 years of age). Highly effective in pneumonia, sinusitis, pyelonephritis, infections of various etiologies. The use of this antibiotic is accompanied by a plentiful drink. Avoid direct contact with ultraviolet light of any origin. The form of release - tablets. Dosage - 1-2 times a day for 500 mg.

Cefazolin. Produced by powder for the preparation of infusions and injections. Methods of administration - only intravenously and intramuscularly. For adults, 3-4 injections per day on, 5-1 g. Therapeutic course - 7-10 days. The child's dose is determined proportionally to the weight of the child - 25-50 mg per 1 kg. Stabbing - 3-4 times a day. If patients have renal dysfunction, dosage adjustment is performed.

Side effects

Antibiotics because of their nature have an extensive list of side effects. From the gastrointestinal tract - is diarrhea, vomiting, dysbiosis, constipation, abdominal pain, dyspepsia, flatulence, dry mouth. From the urogenital organs - itching, impotence, kidney failure, blood in the urine. On the part of the locomotor system - dizziness, arthritis, muscle weakness, numbness of the limbs, paralysis. Skin reactions are hives, itching, allergic reactions.

sovets.net

Antibiotics for bronchitis in adults: when appointed, the names

Antibiotics for bronchitis in adults are used in the presence of a bacterial pathogen in the human body, as a result of which an inflammatory reaction in the bronchi develops.

Bronchitis refers to one of the most common pathology of the respiratory system.

The cause of the disease can become viruses, so before using antibacterial agents, one should be convinced of the etiology of the disease. There is a possibility that the disease can begin with an acute respiratory viral infection with typical clinical manifestations - chills, small fever, weakness, nasal congestion and possibly sore throat. However, as it progresses, the trachea and bronchi may be involved in the pathological process.

At this stage, it is rational to use antiviral drugs to combat the causative factor. In some cases, with inadequate treatment, it is possible to attach a secondary infection, which in most cases is caused by bacteria. Only at this stage should take antibacterial drugs.

Among them, macrolides, penicillins, fluoroquinolones, cephalosporins and tetracyclines can be identified, however, in each case, the degree of intoxication and the state of the overall human health should be considered.

Indications for the use of antibiotics for bronchitis in adults

Indications for the use of antibiotics for bronchitis in adults are based on the presence of a bacterial pathogen in the body, as well as the clinical picture of the disease.

In the case of viral origin of bronchitis, the use of antibacterial drugs not only can not to relieve the pathogen and alleviate the condition, but also negatively affect the state of the organism in whole. Adverse reactions can be expressed in changes in the microflora of the intestine with a violation of its functioning and the development of diarrhea.

In addition, antibacterial drugs have an immunosuppressive effect on the body that prevents the manifestation of an adequate level of human immune defense in response to toxic damage to the bronchi the causative agent.

Indications for the use of antibiotics for bronchitis in adults also take into account clinical manifestations of the disease. Among them, the most important is the temperature, especially exceeding 38 degrees, a cough with sputum secretion with a green tinge, as well as severe weakness and malaise.

Form of issue

The form of release of antibacterial drugs is a tablet form or as a powder for the preparation of solution and suspension. The latest form of release is used mainly in childhood, since babies can not take the pill.

A tablet is a dosage form of a drug substance of a solid consistency. In the process of its production is the pressing of medicinal and auxiliary substances, for example, sugar, talc, starch, sodium chloride.

Some tablets are covered with a protective coating. It is necessary to prevent its premature dissolution along the digestive tract.

Each tablet contains a certain amount of the main active substance and excipients. Based on these data, the tablet is characterized by its dosage, so that it is possible to clearly observe the recommended doses.

For adults, a tablet and powder form is used for intramuscular or intravenous administration of a different dosage, which is selected taking into account the intensity of clinical manifestations, the duration of the pathological process and the presence of accompanying diseases.

Pharmacodynamics of antibiotics in bronchitis in adults

Pharmacodynamics of antibiotics for bronchitis in adults is due to reactions that arise from direct contact of the drug with a bacterial pathogen. This interaction is observed after the antibacterial drug enters the common bloodstream and takes a certain form, through which it can circulate in the blood and enter the foci of maximum congestion bacteria.

The success of the interaction of a medicinal antibacterial agent with a bacterial agent depends on the activity and life cycle of the latter. This phase can last from a couple of hours to several days, given the fact that some antibacterial drugs characterized by a modified release, which ensures the maintenance of a certain concentration of the main active substance in blood.

The pharmacodynamics of antibiotics in adults with bronchitis determines the effect on the bacterial pathogen. In addition, it should take into account the method of administration of the drug, which determines the time of antibiotic entry into the blood and the beginning of its action, as well as dosage.

Pharmacokinetics of antibiotics in bronchitis in adults

The pharmacokinetics of antibiotics in adults with bronchitis is divided into a phase of absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion of the drug. During these periods, the preparation and exposure of the main active substance to the bacterial pathogen is provided. Duration of pharmacokinetics consists of a period of time - from the moment the antibacterial drug enters the blood before it is excreted from the body.

Intravenous administration of the drug provides direct contact of the antibacterial agent with the causative agent that circulates in the blood, which ensures the fastest possible entry of the substance into the blood pathological focus.

The pharmacokinetics of antibiotics in bronchitis in adults with intramuscular injection depends on its ability to dissolve in water and fats. Also, it is necessary to take into account the presence of barriers in the body, for example, blood-brain, which inhibits the activation of the antibacterial drug.

An obstacle to the effects of these drugs on the pathological focus may be the formed capsule due to the presence of a prolonged inflammatory process that has passed into the chronic stage.

Contraindications to the use of antibiotics for bronchitis in adults

Contraindications to the use of antibiotics for bronchitis in adults concern individual intolerance due to the development of a different genesis of adverse reactions from organs and systems. These features are laid at the genetic level and do not depend on a person.

Any antibacterial drug can cause the development of an allergic reaction, the clinical manifestations of which have different symptoms. The time of their appearance and intensity depends on the method of administration of the antibacterial drug, as well as on the dose.

So, a slight itch of skin, a rash, redness, swelling up to anaphylactic shock is possible. When the first symptoms of an allergy to an antibacterial agent appear, discontinue its administration immediately. In addition, it is necessary to reduce the concentration of the drug in the blood and speed up its elimination.

Contraindications to the use of antibiotics in bronchitis in adults with prolonged use can provoke a change in the intestinal microflora with further disruption of its activity. The manifestation can be a dysbacteriosis with a diarrhea or a candidiasis of various prevalence.

Some antibacterial drugs are not allowed for use during pregnancy, lactation, as well as liver, kidney and other systemic lesions.

Side effects of antibiotics for bronchitis in adults

Side effects of antibiotics for bronchitis in adults may differ depending on the dose and group of antibacterial agents. Next, a list of adverse reactions that occur most often and is characteristic of all types of antibiotics will be given.

In addition, it is worth considering the reactions caused by a particular antibiotic. Among the most common adverse reactions should be allergic manifestations with the appearance of rashes, itching and swelling of the skin. The digestive system can respond to antibacterial drugs with pain syndrome, nausea, diarrhea and dyspepsia.

Side effects of antibiotics in bronchitis in adults can be observed in laboratory tests: increased levels of eosinophils, cellular composition and decreased blood clotting. According to biochemical analysis, the degree of disruption of the liver, pancreas and kidneys is assessed.

Some groups of antibacterial agents have neurotoxicity, have a negative effect on auditory function and the immune system.

Use of antibiotics for bronchitis in adults

The use of antibiotics for bronchitis in adults is justified only if there is a bacterial pathogen in the body. A significant percentage of bronchitis is viral etiology, which determines the use of antiviral drugs. In this case, the use of antibacterial agents will not only be unnecessary, but also harmful.

The fact is that antibacterial drugs have a negative effect on the microflora of the intestine, which leads to its dysfunction and diarrhea. In addition, drugs depress the body's immune defense, which makes it even harder to cope with the infection.

The use of antibiotics for bronchitis in adults is necessary only in the case of a temperature rise above 38 degrees, expressed clinical manifestations of intoxication, prolonged course (more than 3 weeks), severe cough with sputum and pain in thorax.

From laboratory studies it is necessary to pay attention to the ESR indices exceeding 20 mm / h, the presence of leukocytosis and other signs of bacterial infection.

Dosing and Administration

The way of administration and dose of each antibiotic is selected individually, taking into account the severity of the process, age and the presence of concomitant pathology.

Thus, the daily dosage of protected penicillins (Amoxiclav, Flemoclav) to adults weighing 40 kg calculated on the basis of the mass of a person, according to the formula from 20-60 mg / 5-15 mg per 1 kg of weight, depending on the severity of bronchitis. This dose should be taken three times.

Of the macrolide group, Clarithromycin, Azithromycin with a dosage of 250 mg and 500 mg is used. Given the severity of bronchitis, the daily dose can be 500 mg or 1000 mg, divided into 2 doses.

As for fluoroquinolones, they are reserve drugs, since they are used in severe stages. Ciprofloxacin is used in a dosage of 250 mg to 750 mg at a time. Thus, the daily dose is 500-1500 mg for 2 times.

The way of application and dose of cephalosporins is to use Ceftriaxone, Loraxon in the form of intravenous or intramuscular injections. Calculation of the dose is carried out taking into account the stage of bronchitis and can be 1-2 g per day for single use or twice a day for 1 g.

Overdose

Overdose is manifested by adverse reactions in a more pronounced degree. Thus, allergic reactions can achieve anaphylactic shock, the clinical manifestations of which is a reduction in blood pressure, cold sweat, shortness of breath, vomiting, and swelling of the larynx and loss consciousness.

Treatment includes symptomatic therapy with the maintenance of the heart and respiratory organs, antihistamines, hormones, and if necessary, ventilation or tracheostomy.

Overdose can be manifested by kidney damage under the condition of taking a large dose of the drug in the presence of diseases of the urinary system. Therapeutic tactics in severe cases involve the use of hemodialysis.

Hepatic insufficiency develops as a result of damage to the liver cells with an increase in the level of transaminases. Clinically, pathology can be suspected by the beginning of jaundice and the biochemical blood test.

In some cases, hematopoietic oppression and teratogenic effects are observed. The digestive system reacts to large doses of an antibacterial agent with a disorder of the intestine, pain syndrome, nausea and vomiting.

Interaction of antibiotics in bronchitis in adults with other drugs

The interaction of antibiotics in bronchitis in adults with other drugs is based on the effect of the main antibacterial component on concurrently taken drugs. In the case of co-administration of anticoagulants and some antibacterial agents, there is an increase in the probability of bleeding.

When taking ACE inhibitors, diuretics with a potassium-sparing mechanism of action and other drugs that contain potassium, hyperkalemia can be noted.

Interaction of antibiotics in bronchitis in adults with other drugs, for example, oral contraceptives, provides a decrease in the effectiveness of the latter in connection with which the risk increases pregnancy.

Anticonvulsants are more effective and therefore have side effects when taken with antibacterial agents at the same time.

The same happens with the intake of cardiac glycosides and antiarrhythmic drugs, as a result of which their enhanced effect is observed. Means used for anesthesia also increase the likelihood of oppression of the respiratory center and enhance neuromuscular blockade.

Conditions for storage of antibiotics for bronchitis in adults

The storage conditions of antibiotics for bronchitis in adults are characterized by certain parameters that must be observed to ensure normal storage of the drug.

So, should keep the room temperature not above 25 degrees, humidity at a certain level and ensure that no direct sunlight gets on the antibacterial agent.

Conditions of storage of antibiotics for bronchitis in adults ensure the safety of the medicinal product during the indicated shelf life. During this period, the drug has medicinal properties up to a certain date.

If the recommendations are not followed, the medicinal antibacterial agent is more likely to lose therapeutic abilities and to have a negative effect on the body after it is taken.

In addition, it is necessary to store the drug in a place where children do not have access, since the high risk of overdose is in childhood. Also, tablet preparations can close the lumen of the bronchus, which leads to the development of an acute condition that threatens life.

Shelf life

Shelf life is the period during which the manufacturer guarantees the availability of the medicinal properties specified in the instruction. Shelf life can have two dates: the first - the time of manufacture, and the second - the last reception of antibacterial agent.

In some cases, one date is indicated on the outer or inner packaging - the last use. After the expiration of this period, it is prohibited to use the medicine in order to avoid the development of side effects.

Most antibacterial drugs have a shelf life of 2 years, however, under the conditions of storage. If the temperature regime or the integrity of the product package is not violated, its further use is not recommended.

Antibiotics for bronchitis in adults are used quite often, because in the beginning people try to be cured home methods, but only after a few weeks of unsuccessful therapy, they turn to the doctor. In addition, sometimes antibacterial drugs are used for viral infection, which not only does not bring the desired result, but also prevents the body from coping with the viral agent.

ilive.com.ua

Treatment of bronchitis with antibiotics in adults. Acute bronchitis: treatment with antibiotics

Bronchitis is an inflammation of the bronchi, when the narrowing of their lumen occurs, breathing becomes difficult, a cough with phlegm appears. Let's further define what is bronchitis. Symptoms and treatment with antibiotics of this disease will be considered in the article.

This ailment, as a rule, appears due to the penetration of the infection into the body. Most often these are viruses (parainfluenza, influenza, adenovirus), bacteria (staphylococci, hemophilia, pneumococcus, streptococci), intracellular parasitic elements. During the cold, there is an inflammation of the respiratory tract. Now, there are 100 microbes that cause disease. Infections such as PC infection, influenza, attack the bronchi directly, and already in the first days of the disease lead to bronchitis. As a rule, the bacterial infection is replaced by a viral infection (for example, during the flu).

Factors of bronchitis

It is possible to isolate the following factors that lead to the development of this disease:

• physical factors - wet, cold air;
• sharp temperature fluctuations;
• radiation, dust and smoke;
• chemical factors - such substances in the air as carbon monoxide, ammonia, hydrogen sulphide, vapors of acids, cigar smoke;
• bad habits - alcoholism, smoking;
• diseases that lead to stagnation in the circulation;
• infection of the nasal cavity, for example, sinusitis, sinusitis, tonsillitis;
• congenital pathology and hereditary predisposition;
• trauma of the chest.

Treatment of bronchitis

There are chronic and acute bronchitis.

Therapy for acute illness includes:

• Bed rest.

• Abundant drink leading to liquefaction of sputum.

• Use of antipyretic and anti-inflammatory drugs.

• Appointment of mucolytic and antitussive medications.

Treatment of bronchitis in adults with antibiotics is the most difficult moment, when solving it, you need to consider the validity of using these medical devices.

The main cause of acute bronchitis is considered to be viral infections, so the use of antibiotics does not have the desired therapeutic effect. Moreover, the unreasonable use of such medications can lead to intestinal dysbiosis, which leads to a decrease in immunity, forms immunity to bacteria, causes allergic reaction.

The prophylactic use of antibiotic drugs has a negative impact on the recovery process. A treatment of bronchitis and pneumonia with antibiotics, such as "Levomycetin" Penicillin "Erythromycin" Tetracycline can weaken the immune system.

Most often, antibiotic drugs are selected empirically, that is, without performing an appropriate study of the microflora of the body for susceptibility to these substances.

Treatment of bronchitis in adults with antibiotics is performed with such symptoms:

• A temperature increase of more than 38 ° C for more than three days.

• Shortness of breath.

• Severe intoxication.

• Detection of leukocytosis in the blood (over 1, 00 in one microliter), shifting left leukoformula.

Acute bronchitis: therapy

Treatment, as a rule, is carried out at home on an outpatient basis.

• Mode - semi-bed.

• Abundant drink, twice the amount of daily needs.

• Milk and vegetable diet, limiting allergenic foods and spicy foods.

• Antiviral therapy: 5 cap. preparation "Interferon" six times a day. When the flu is prescribed remedy "Remantadine and with acute manifestations of acute respiratory viral infection, they prescribe a medication" Immunoglobulin. "

• The drug "Azithromycin" is used for five days and often cures acute bronchitis.

• Antibiotic treatment is prescribed if there is a clear bacterial infection, severe inflammatory changes, revealed by a general blood test, with a tendency to a protracted illness.

• It is recommended to perform inhalations - soda-salt, soda.

• If it is difficult to get rid of sputum, it is recommended to take expectorants ("Pertussin Syrup Licorice Root Mukaltin Breast Collection, "Thermopsis") and mucolytic drugs that are used in viscous sputum ("Bronchicum" Erespal "Mukopron" Ambroxol "Lazolvan" Ascoril ") in the corresponding dosages.

• With a plentiful discharge of phlegm, a vibrating massage is prescribed.

• Antitussives ("Sinekod" Kofeks ") is prescribed for dry cough, in the early days of the disease.

The use of plant expectorants (althea, anise, thermopsis, plantain, elecampane) helps maintain bronchiolar peristalsis, and also leads to an improvement in the output of sputum.

Obstructive bronchitis: treatment with antibiotics

This type of bronchitis manifests itself in the form of a narrowing of the lumen of small bronchi and pronounced bronchospasm. His symptoms are leukocytosis, high fever, shortness of breath, cough, intoxication of the body.

Therapy of this disease includes bed rest, in large quantities warm drink, the use of antitussives. At a high temperature prescribe antipyretic drugs.

Antibacterial substances with obstructive bronchitis are used if it is of bacterial origin. Often, they use medicines from the category of macrolides:

• The drug "Erythromycin". Characterized by bacteriostatic and bactericidal action. Dosage is prescribed by a doctor.

• The drug "Rovamycin". It differs excellent tolerance, with it the treatment of bronchitis with antibiotics in adults is effective. Dosage is prescribed by the doctor, based on the weight of the patient and the severity of the inflammation process.

• The drug "Azithromycin". This is a very effective remedy, well tolerated by many patients. The doctor determines the dosage of the drug, based on the age of the patient, the severity of the disease, the individual characteristics of his body. Undoubted advantage of the tool is the convenience of use. The drug "Azithromycin" is used once a day. The course of treatment is six days.

Acute bronchitis: treatment with antibiotics

With this type of bronchitis, antibiotic agents are prescribed very rarely, since it often occurs due to viruses against which these medicines are powerless. Therefore, such drugs for acute bronchitis are prescribed only when its treatment is complicated by severe bacterial infection. In such cases, antibiotics of the penicillin group are usually used. If the patient is allergic to penicillins, then drugs such as "Azithromycin" or "Macropen" and the like may be prescribed.

Antibiotics for chronic bronchitis

In contrast to acute bronchitis, with chronic antibiotic agents are used in almost all cases. And if there is a purulent bronchitis, treatment with antibiotics is an effective way to defeat the disease. The main medicinal products used in the treatment of the chronic form of such diseases are medicines, which we will consider below.

Macrolides

This means "Macropen "Clarithromycin "Erythromycin". They are effective antibacterial drugs, have a wide spectrum of action and remove most harmful microorganisms. Not bad are transferred by patients.

Penicillins

These include the following medicinal products: Flemoxin, Solutab, Panklav, Amoxiclav, Augmentin. Antibiotics of this group are the basis for the treatment of chronic forms of the diseases under consideration. Treatment of bronchitis with antibiotics in adults usually begin with them. They have relatively few side effects, but, unfortunately, do not help much in the fight against neglected cases of the disease. Therefore, if antibiotics of other groups are not responding to penicillins, the causative agent of the disease is prescribed.

Fluoroquinolones

Fluoroquinolones are medicines "Ciprofloxacin "Moxifloxacin "Levofloxacin". They, unlike all other antibiotics, have a unique chemical structure and origin. Used to fight it with chronic bronchitis. Fluoroquinolones work in the bronchi and have few side effects. Antibiotics of this category are prescribed only if the pathogens of bronchitis are unresponsive to the groups of other antibiotic drugs.

Cephalosporins

These drugs are "Ceftriaxone" and "Cefuroxime." These new antibacterial agents will allow effective treatment of bronchitis in adults with antibiotics. The injections are prescribed by a doctor. In addition, these drugs have many side effects.

Antibiotics for bronchitis in pregnant women

As a rule, in the future mothers the immune system of the body is often weakened and can not resist different viruses and infections. Therefore, in pregnant women, cases of bronchitis occur frequently. A woman has a violent cough, and she goes into phlegm. This is dangerous for both the future mother and the baby.

Strongly-acting antibiotic drugs taken during pregnancy are not advised (especially in the first 3 months). Antibiotics are prescribed only in case of a real threat to the health of the fetus and the mother. As a rule, pregnant women are recommended antibiotic drugs penicillin group, since they are less harmful.

You can apply the antibiotic Bioparox, which enters the bronchi by inhalation and acts locally, so penetration through the placenta is prevented.

Self-treatment of bronchitis with antibiotics in adults is not allowed, especially for pregnant women. Only the doctor can prescribe them!

Injections with bronchitis

Injections with bronchitis should be prescribed only by a doctor, after the necessary thorough examination.

1. If there is treatment of bronchitis with antibiotics, injections should be done only by a medical professional. Also, only a specialist prescribes the dosage of the drug.

2. As a rule, antibiotics are prescribed simultaneously with broths of medicinal herbs and tablets ("Mukaltin").

3. Most often, when the treatment of bronchitis in adults with antibiotics, injections are prescribed intravenous solution of the drug "Benzylpenicillin." In some cases, it is diluted with the drug Streptomycin.

Treatment of bronchitis with antibiotics in adults should be combined with the reception of other drugs. Therefore, do not neglect useful and valuable medical recommendations and apply all methods that help to quickly recover. Often people suffering from bronchitis are advised to stop smoking, drink more warm liquids and drink herbal medicinal herbs.

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Antibiotics for children with bronchitis: which ones to choose?

Bronchitis is one of the most common and serious respiratory diseases in children. Often doctors prescribe antibiotics for treatment. But this is not always justified. In most cases, bronchitis is caused by a viral infection or an allergic reaction. And antibiotics are needed to fight bacteria or other microorganisms. Unjustified prescription of such drugs can cause complications and harm the health of the child. Therefore, antibiotics should be used for children with bronchitis only after carrying out the necessary tests and determining the cause of the disease.

When it is necessary to prescribe antibacterial drugs

Antibiotics for children with bronchitis are prescribed in the presence of bacterial infection. Such preparations for viruses do not work and only worsen the state of the child, as they reduce immunity. And to determine the causative agent of the disease is possible only when analyzing sputum, which is not always done. Therefore, there are other signs that indicate the presence of bacteria in the child's body:

• more than 3 days the temperature is kept to 38 degrees;
• the child can hardly breathe, even in dyspnea;
• leaves a viscous greenish phlegm with impurities of pus;
• there are signs of intoxication;
• if the child is less than a year old.

In no case should you yourself give antibiotics for bronchitis for children 4 years and under. Only a doctor can decide whether such medications are necessary for the child.

How to apply antibiotics

The main rule for the use of such drugs is that they must be taken under strict medical supervision. Only a specialist can choose the right medicine and determine its dosage and duration of administration. And parents must comply with all of its regulations. In most cases, antibiotics for bronchitis for children 7 years and older are given in the form of tablets or capsules. But there are now such drugs and in the form of suspensions or syrup, which is more convenient for small children.

How correctly to apply antibiotics for children with bronchitis?

• Usually, such drugs are prescribed for a period of 5 to 7 days. If bronchitis occurs with complications and in chronic form, the reception time can be extended to 2 weeks. You can not stop taking your medication yourself earlier than this time, even if there is an improvement. Bacteria can develop resistance to the antibiotic.
• One of the features of the use of such drugs is the schedule of admission. Drink them must be strictly at regular intervals - 8, 12 or 24 hours. This is the only way to ensure a constant level of antibacterial substances in the blood.
• When prescribing an antibiotic for children, it is very important to determine the exact dosage. It depends on the age and body weight of the child.
• It is necessary to study the instruction to find out, before meals or after you need to take the drug.

What antibiotics are prescribed for children with bronchitis?

According to the rules, you can choose antibiotics for the treatment of bronchitis only after determining the pathogen. But most often, preparations of a broad spectrum of action are prescribed. According to the experience of doctors, the most sensitive pathogens of bronchitis to three types of antibiotics:

• penicillins - "Amoxicillin" Amoxiclav "Flemoxin solutab
• cephalosporins - "Ceftriaxone" Cefotaxime "Zinnat
• macrolides - "Macropen" Sumamed "Hemomycin".

The choice of the drug depends on the age of the child, the state of his health and the features of the course of the disease.

How to use antibiotics for bronchitis for children 3 years and younger

At this age, inflammation of the bronchi is very dangerous because of the features of the anatomy and physiology of the child. Much more often complications of bronchitis occur in babies. Small bronchi are clogged with phlegm, and it leaves very hard, which can cause the development of pneumonia. Therefore, in many cases, the treatment of this disease occurs in the hospital.

If there is a need to take antibacterial drugs, then at this age, many of them are contraindicated. In addition, antibiotics for bronchitis for children 1 year and younger are most commonly used as injections. In this way, the medicine acts faster. A doctor's observation in the treatment of antibiotics in children is necessary because these drugs often cause serious side effects. In young children, except for diarrhea and vomiting, there may be convulsions, faints and a change in the picture of blood.

Antibiotics of the penicillin group

These antibacterial drugs are active against most pathogens of bronchitis. But they have many side effects, most often cause allergic reactions or dysbiosis. Therefore, they should be taken together with vitamins C and B, as well as with probiotics to preserve the intestinal microflora. It should be taken into account that the drugs of the penicillin group are active against staphylococci, streptococci and pneumococci, but ineffective against chlamydia and mycoplasmas, which may also be the cause bronchitis.

Of this group, antibiotics are often prescribed for bronchitis for children 10 years and under: "Amoxicillin" Flemoxin soluteba "Sulbactam Ospamox." Antibacterial action is marked by drugs containing amoxicillin with clavulanic acid: "Amoxiclav" Augmentin. "

Cephalosporins

Effectively, the bacteria are also killed by the antibiotics of the cephalosporin group: Zinnat Cefadox Loprax Suprax. They are used less often, mainly if the patient is intolerant of penicillins. They are also used in the complex therapy of complicated bronchitis. Most often prescribe to children several drugs.

• "Zinnat" is available in the form of granules for the preparation of a suspension. Applied for children from 3 months.
• "Supraks" - cephalosporin of the 3rd generation. The drug is prohibited for babies up to six months. Suspension should be given to a child 2-3 times a day.
• "Ceftriaxone" - a very effective drug that helps cope with inflammation in 3-4 days. But this antibiotic is produced in a solution for injections.

Macrolides

This group of drugs has recently been prescribed most often, since penicillins and cephalosporins cause disturbance of the intestinal microflora and other side effects. Macrolides do not have a toxic effect on the kidneys and intestines. In addition, they are active against a large number of microorganisms and penetrate deep into the cells. Therefore, they are considered more effective. The most commonly prescribed antibiotics for bronchitis for children 5 years and older:

• "Rulid
• "Macropen
• "Azithromycin" and its imported analogue "Sumamed
• "Hemomycin".

Which antibiotic to choose

The safest and most effective drugs are those containing amoxicillin. But there are bacteria that mutated and became insensitive to the action of these drugs. Therefore, you need to choose such drugs from this group that contain clavulanate or sulbactam. On the package it should be written: "Amoxicillin + clavulanate." The most effective in this regard are modern drugs.

• "Amoxiclav" is a suspension that is used for children from 3 months. You need to give depending on the weight of the child 2 times a day. The drug has great efficacy against pathogens of bronchitis.
• "Flemoxin Solutab" - a drug based on amoxicillin, is shown to children from 1 month. Effectively removes inflammation.
• "Augmentin" is often prescribed for bronchitis. The combination of amoxicillin with clavulanic acid effectively destroys bacteria. Children are prescribed a drug in the form of a suspension.

Features of antibiotic treatment

The main thing that parents should know is that you can not give antibiotics yourself to a child without prescribing a doctor. In addition, with this treatment, you must follow several rules:

• if after 3 days of improvement does not occur or the child becomes worse, the drug should be canceled, but the doctor must do it;
• it is very important to observe the dosage prescribed by the doctor and not to miss the time of taking the medication;
• antibiotics disrupt the intestinal microflora, therefore simultaneously with them probiotics are appointed: "Linex" Normobakt "Bifiform
• with such treatment it is important to constantly monitor the reaction of the child and, if side effects occur, stop taking the medication and tell the pediatrician.

Antibiotics for children are prescribed by a specialist in severe bacterial infections. You can not choose your own medicine. These drugs are very serious drugs, often causing side effects.

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