Vaccination against influenza 2015-2016
Every year in the period of cooling and increasing humidity increases the risk of contracting acute respiratory viral disease and its epidemic spread. Vaccination is an effective measure for the prevention of pathology. And the composition of the drug for this procedure changes every year in accordance with the forecasts of the World Health Organization (WHO). The recommended vaccine against influenza 2015-2016 should be 3-or 4-valent - to include 3, 4 live, but weakened strain of the virus, respectively.
The name of the vaccine against the flu epidemiological season 2015-2016
For the routine vaccination of adults this year, the drug Grippol was chosen. It is a mixture of inactivated strains of the virus.
This drug promotes the formation of immunity to influenza for 8-12 days. Acquired resistance persists for a long time, up to 12 months.
There are other names of influenza vaccines:
- Influvac;
- Agrippal;
- Vaxigripp;
- Inflexal;
- Begrivac;
- Grippovac;
- Fluuarix.
If desired, you can independently choose a drug, having discussed your decision with a district therapist beforehand.
Which strains will be included in the vaccine against the flu 2015-2016?
According to WHO forecasts, in the forthcoming epidemiological season, 3 types of viruses will be distributed, the strains of which should be in the composition of influenza vaccines:
- A (H1N1) pdm09, similar to the virus California / 7/2009;
- A (H3N2), similar to the virus Switzerland / 9715293/2013;
- B, similar to the Phuket / 3073/2013 virus.
If you plan to introduce a 4-valent drug, it will additionally include influenza type B, similar to the Brisbane / 60/2008 virus.
Indications for vaccination against influenza 2015-2016 and contraindications to it
Vaccination is a voluntary activity, but it is very desirable to conduct it if there is one of the following groups:
- people over 60;
- adults suffering from chronic forms of cardiovascular and bronchopulmonary diseases;
- hospital staff;
- women planning a pregnancy or staying in the 2nd, 3rd trimester of gestation;
- persons living in collective institutions (nursing homes, dormitories, prisons) or visiting such places on a daily basis;
- patients oncology departments who had a course of chemotherapy over the past year;
- patients with metabolic, immunological disorders, pathologies of the liver, kidneys, hemoglobinopathy.
Contraindications to the introduction of anti-influenza drugs are:
- allergy to chicken protein, preservatives used in the manufacture of medicines;
- diseases in acute stage;
- relapse of chronic diseases;
- The presence in the anamnesis of the complications that have arisen after the introduction of such vaccines.
Consequences and side effects of the flu vaccine 2015-2016
Soon after vaccination, usually in the first 1-3 days, post-vaccination reactions often develop:
- increased body temperature;
- general malaise;
- redness, swelling, some soreness at the point of injection.
All these problems are completely normal, as a rule, are poorly expressed, and pass independently. If hyperthermia is severe, it is recommended to take any antipyretic. Removing discomfort at the injection site can be achieved through non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.
It is important to note that vaccination against influenza in 2015-2016 does not exclude the intake of alcohol and low-alcohol beverages. However, after the vaccination, it's over, you need to observe the measure, since any alcohol significantly weakens the immune system.
WomanAdvice.ru
Vaccine against the flu: which one is better to choose and when to conduct?
The vaccine against influenza protects a person against the severe consequences of influenza and reduces the risk of the disease by almost 2 times. Thanks to the vaccine, the disease is transferred much easier, if a person even gets the flu, and the severity of the symptoms also decreases significantly. Not to mention deaths, which are almost 2 times less after mass vaccinations. Which flu vaccine works best and when should it be done?
Why do I need a flu vaccine?
Scientific experiments that have been conducted over the past few years have shown that, thanks to vaccines, the course of the flu is much easier or the disease does not appear at all. In addition, during the research it was proved that the vaccines are easily transferred by man, they well stimulate the human immune system, and also reduce the risk of epidemics.
Among the most effective vaccines that are recommended for protection against influenza:
- Influwak
- Grippol
- Vaxigrip
- Begrivac
- Fluarix
- Agrippal
These drugs meet all the requirements of pharmacological international organizations that control the production of vaccines. The level of protection of these vaccines is very high - more than 70%. This is a very effective level of protection against influenza. It allows you to avoid complications in the flu, deaths and epidemics.
It has been proved by science that vaccination in teams in only 20% of employees significantly reduces the risk of epidemics and the number of diseases. This applies to both influenza and acute respiratory infections.
Vaccines that fight the flu are called the medical term of the trivaccine. This name is given to vaccines because of the fact that they contain antingas against the three most popular and dangerous influenza viruses: A, B, C.
Who should be vaccinated?
First of all, vaccination is made for those people who are at risk of getting influenza (but only on condition that they agree, and this consent must be in writing).
- People in old age - over 60 years of age
- People with chronic diseases, hospital patients
- Children and adults, e with bronchopulmonary diseases, especially with bronchial asthma
- Children and adults with heart and vascular disease
- Children and adults with diseases of the respiratory system
- Children and adults who a year ago were treated in the hospital for renal and hepatic disorders
- Children and adults who underwent chemotherapy, including one year ago
- Nurses, doctors - employees of medical and school institutions
- People who work in numerous groups (and children attending kindergartens, schools)
- Residents of dormitories, communal apartments, nursing homes, as well as those who are in prison.
- Pregnant women in the second or third trimester (on the recommendation of a doctor)
How is the flu vaccination performed?
The vaccine is usually injected into the shoulder, into the deltoid muscle region (this is the upper third of the shoulder muscle). After the vaccine, you can not wet the site of the injection for a day, as an inflammatory reaction of the skin may occur. In addition, if you are told that you can not take alcohol after the vaccine, keep in mind that this information is incorrect.
The vaccine can also be administered through the nose by instillation (children are told that these are "droplets"). In this case, the body's response to viruses and bacteria is weaker than when injected, which explains the unpopularity of this method of vaccination in our time.
If the vaccine is given to children who have not received it before, and who have not already had the flu, the vaccine should be taken not 1, but 2 times. Between the introduction of the vaccine should take 30-35 days. But the dose of the vaccine should be less than for the adult - exactly half.
When should I get the flu vaccine?
Usually vaccination against influenza is done during October-November, about a month before the height of the flu. During the time when people begin to massively get sick with the flu, the vaccinated form stable immunity to the viruses that cause the flu.
The average term for the formation of a stable immunity against influenza in humans is from 10 days to 2 weeks from the moment the vaccine enters the human body. Earlier in October, doctors believe, the vaccine does not make sense, because the effect of the drug is gradually decreasing, and the body may again be weakened by the beginning of the height of the incidence of influenza.
What are the types of flu vaccines?
There are two types of vaccines: live (with living viruses that are already weakened and adapted to the human body) and inactivated (which live viruses do not contain).
What is the most effective vaccine against influenza?
Doctors recommend choosing in most cases inactivated vaccines (example - Influvac). In these vaccines there are no live viruses, and therefore they are more easily tolerated than those with live viruses in the composition. Non-living vaccines contain either particles of already destroyed viruses, or surface antigens of the influenza virus.
The safety of these vaccines is combined with very good immune support of the body. After the introduction of these vaccines, a person will not get sick with the flu unless some new unrecognized virus appears.
If a person hesitates, which vaccine to choose - domestic or imported, qualified doctors usually recommend import. They have more degrees of purification and purification degree these are step-wise, multi-stage. In addition, at any stage of the vaccine production, laboratory specialists carefully monitor all processes. Therefore, adverse reactions to these vaccines are minimal - the allergy does not occur even in children who are not yet one year old, as well as in pregnant and breastfeeding mothers.
A flu vaccine can save you from many troubles and save you a lot of working hours. So do not give it up if you care about your health.
Contraindications for the introduction of a vaccine against influenza
Since chicken protein (most often) or preservatives can be used in the production of influenza vaccine, it is not possible to administer it to people who are allergic to these substances.
- You can not inject a flu vaccine before the age of six months
- The vaccine is contraindicated in chronic diseases in the acute stage - then it is necessary to wait another month after the person has recovered and will receive a vaccination permit from the doctor.
- The vaccine can not be taken to those who previously received the vaccination, but it was very difficult to tolerate it.
- You can not do the vaccine to those people who have had cold or flu less than two weeks ago.
What are the complications after vaccination against influenza?
They are divided into two groups - systemic complications and local.
Systemic complications after vaccination is an allergic reaction of the whole organism, for example, headaches, respiratory hold, failures in the heart rhythm, fever, blood pressure jumps, muscle and joint pain, meningitis and so on.
Local complications after a vaccine - is the response of some one system of the body, but not the whole organism. It can be a sore throat or headache, or redness of the skin at the site of the vaccine, or a runny nose.
In case of complications after the vaccine, you need to tell the doctor about it, so that he advises what measures to take.
Do I have to pay for a flu vaccine?
To those people who are listed in the list of clients necessary for vaccination, the vaccine is introduced free of charge - at the expense of the state program to fight the flu. If the vaccine is not enough or the person is not sure of its quality, he can get it in those places that he trusts (basically, state polyclinics or centers with them). The patient has the right to pay for the vaccine and services for its introduction on the spot.
But if the flu vaccine was purchased in one place and introduced in another, keep in mind that the doctor has the right to refuse to introduce it. The basis - the doctor can not guarantee the result from the introduction of a drug of unknown origin, as well as with unknown conditions of storage and transportation. Also, the doctor can not predict the allergic reactions of the body to this drug.
You do not need to pay for vaccination if the firm where the person works is paying for it. It often happens when the company's management worries about the health of the entire collective and orders a massive vaccination. In this case, a commercial contract is concluded with the polyclinic where the vaccination is carried out, and the employee of the company is obliged to fulfill his conditions. He can not come to the vaccination. Is that only he has contraindications to the introduction of the vaccine.
ilive.com.ua
What is more effective: "Vaksigripp" or "Influvak"? Which vaccine against influenza is better?
Are you afraid of getting sick with the flu? Then you should think about how to vaccinate. Thanks to this event, a person will keep his health, do not get sick with the flu or get sick, but in an easy form. Immunization is the right thing, especially if it concerns our children. Therefore, today we will consider what the Influvak influenza vaccine is, as well as Vaxigripp. These are common drugs used in Russia and Ukraine. They are able to prevent infection with the flu. Below we consider the composition of both vaccines, their dosages. We also determine which of them will be better than the other.
Composition, form of the vaccine "Influvac"
This drug is sold as a suspension, which is administered subcutaneously or intramuscularly. The Influvac vaccine is sold in syringes, which should be disposed of after the injection. In the kit with the drug there are also needles.
The composition of this vaccine is as follows:
- Hemagglutinin and neuraminidase of viral strains of types: A (H3N2), A (H1N1), B.
- Auxiliary elements: sodium phosphate dihydrate, potassium, calcium and magnesium chloride, hydrophosphate, water for injection.
Dosage of the Influvac vaccine
- Adults, and also children from 3 to 14 years - 0.5 ml once.
- Babies from 6 months to 3 years - 0.25 ml once.
Children who have never been vaccinated before, it is desirable to inject the drug twice with an interval of 4 weeks.
Immunization should be carried out once a year in the autumn.
Extraneous effects after vaccination with Influvac
The use of this agent can cause such undesirable reactions:
- From the side of the central nervous system: often - headache; rarely - neuritis, convulsions, neuralgia, encephalomyelitis, paresthesia.
- From the heart and blood vessels: rarely - vasculitis (immunopathological inflammation of blood vessels).
- From the musculoskeletal system: often - arthralgia (joint pain), myalgia (pain in the muscle area).
- General disorders: often - fatigue, fever, pain in muscles and joints, malaise, trembling, chills.
- Other manifestations: often - severe sweating; rarely - cutaneous manifestations (itching, urticaria, nonspecific rash).
- Local reactions: swelling, tightness, tenderness, redness.
Composition, form of vaccine "Vaksigripp"
This drug is also a suspension for administration under the skin or intramuscularly.
Vaccine "Vaksigripp" is produced in syringes or ampoules.
The formulation is as follows:
- Active elements - haemagglutinin and neuraminidase of virus strains, such as A (H3N2), A (H1N1), B.
- Auxiliary components - sodium, as well as potassium chloride and dihydrogen phosphate, hydrophosphate dihydrate, water for injection.
Rules of immunization and dosage of the drug "Vaksigripp"
This influenza vaccine can be administered:
- Subcutaneously in the upper part of the front side of the shoulder.
- Intramuscularly into the deltoid muscle.
- To small children - in the anterolateral region of the thigh.
The dosage of the drug is as follows:
- Adults and children from 3 years old - 0.5 ml once.
- To kids from half a year till 3 years - , 5 ml of a preparation.
- People who have not been vaccinated before, as well as those who did not have the flu, this vaccine should be injected 2 times with an interval of 4 weeks. That is, one dose should be divided equally.
- Patients with immunodeficiency should also be injected twice - 0.25 ml at intervals of 1 month.
Side effects after vaccination with the drug "Vaksigripp"
This remedy also has negative effects. How to understand which vaccine - "Vaksgripp" or "Influvak" - is better? To do this, you can see a list of side effects of each drug. So, at means "Vaksigripp" he such:
- Often - headache, malaise, sweating, fatigue, pain in the muscles and joints, neuralgia.
- Rarely - convulsions, paresthesia, neuritis, encephalomyelitis.
- Very rarely - allergic manifestations on the body, vasculitis.
- Local reactions - compaction, tenderness, edema at the site of injection.
Cost of vaccines
The drug "Vaksigripp", the price of which varies in different pharmacies, on average can be purchased for 400 rubles. This amount a person will have to pay for 1 dose of this remedy. I wonder how much is the drug Influvac? The price of this drug varies between 520-570 rubles.
So what to choose?
To date, both vaccines are considered the most common of influenza for children and adults. Both drugs give the same result. However, parents do not stop terrorizing pharmacists and family doctors, so they advise which of the two vaccines - Vaxigripp or Inffluvac - will be better. The fact is that both drugs are almost not different from each other. Indications for use, the form of release and even the composition they have is similar. But at this point, as side effects, there is a difference. Thus, the "Influvac" means has a much larger list of possible negative manifestations, while for the drug "Vaksgripp" this list is much shorter. If we consider the cost of these vaccines, then there is also something to catch on. The drug "Influvac" is somewhat more expensive than its competitor. Therefore, if you choose from these two criteria, then you should opt for the "Vaksgripp" tool. The price is lower, and the side effects are less. But it is better to find out what people think about these two vaccines, and on the basis of their responses decide for themselves what to choose.
The drug "Influvac": reviews
About this tool, Internet users write mostly only positive opinions. So, those patients who were vaccinated with this drug note that the injection itself is painless, because the needle in the syringe is very thin. Also, few people have noticed that after the vaccination, this remedy had problems. People, on the contrary, praise the drug "Influvac" for the fact that it almost never causes unwanted reactions in the body. Also, women and men choose this particular vaccine, because it is imported, which means that it is better purified than domestic. In addition, the composition of the drug is improved every year, because there are new strains of influenza, so the developed immunity may not work.
There are, however, negative responses from people. The first thing parents pay attention to is that the "Influvac" remedy is sold in a standard dosage. That is, it turns out that for both adults and children, syringes are the same. This is very inconvenient, because if you do the vaccine to children, then excess amount of the drug should be drained. It turns out that it is inefficiently spent. Also, there are people who say that after the vaccination with the "Influvac", their health has greatly deteriorated. To prevent this from happening, you need to inject only when the person is completely healthy. That is, he should not have any colds. And if a person will listen to the doctor and follow all of his recommendations regarding vaccination, then the drug "Influvak" reviews will receive only positive. About the cost of this tool, people say that its price is quite adequate, and many it is suitable.
The drug "Vaksigripp": reviews
This vaccine has encouraging feedback from patients. One is injected with this drug completely free of charge, others buy it at their own expense. However, both of them note the effectiveness of this vaccine: during the year people do not get flu. However, there are exceptions, when a person picks up the virus, but the disease is much easier. Also, people note that although the drug "Vaksgrippp" is not the best of the existing ones, however it is affordable. And this is an important factor. After all, it is often necessary to vaccinate all family members, and this can seriously damage the family budget. Therefore, people also choose a cheaper means - "Vaksgrippp". Reviews of a positive nature are also written by parents who are satisfied with the fact that the drug is sold separately for children, that is, in special syringes of 0.25 mg. And do not pour out excess fluid, because the dosage is accurate.
Opinion of specialists
And what about immunologists and pediatricians talking about these vaccines? Which is better: "Vaxigripp" or "Influvak"? Doctors in this regard are unanimous. They believe that the properties and effects of these drugs are about the same. They do not single out any of them specifically. And the fact that the drug "Influvac" is purer, it is, according to doctors, an insignificant feature that does not affect the development of immunity, as well as the perception of his body. Therefore, if you are offered a free vaccination at work, for example, with Vaxigripp, then it is advisable to agree. Since the drug "Influvac" is sought in pharmacies is stupid, because these vaccines will be of equal effectiveness. Well, if you do not have such an advantage, then really, you can buy either of these two yourself. The main thing is to pay attention to the shelf life of the drug, as well as to comply with all recommendations for proper storage and transportation.
Now you know which of the two means - Vaxigripp or Inffluvak - is better. Also have understood, that actually the difference in them is not present. Nuance is that the first product can be sold in a special small dosage (for children). While part of the drug "Influvac" will have to be poured, since the children need to chop just 0.25 mg, and the syringe is 0.5 mg. Also, one more thing is that the suspension "Vaksgripp" is a little cheaper. Well, doctors do not allocate these funds, believing that they are about the same efficiency.
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