Is it possible to have mustard plasters with bronchitis?

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Is it possible to put mustard and cans for bronchitis and pneumonia

Gorchichniki and medical banks are non-pharmacological, auxiliary methods of therapy of bronchopulmonary system diseases, but not the main treatment. Gorchikniki act on the reflex level, and medical banks are comparable in action with autohemotherapy.

Some people consider these treatments to be excesses of the past, others still use them effectively. Like other methods of treatment, the use of mustard plasters and cans has its contraindications, indications, course of therapy.

The mechanism of action of cans and mustard plasters

Medical Banks

What is it: these are small glass vessels with a rounded bottom and thickened edges. The capacity of the cans is 30-70 ml. Reduction of pain, resorption of inflammatory processes.

Mechanism of action: Combustion of oxygen in the bank leads to the creation of negative pressure, i.e. vacuum, the skin and subcutaneous tissue is absorbed into the cavity of the can. There is a local rush of blood and lymph in the skin from the underlying tissues and organs. There is a rupture of the smallest vessels - multiple hemorrhages form in the thickness of the skin. Gradually, the blood decays, and the products of blood decay - biologically active substances - are absorbed into the blood. This has a simulating effect on a number of organs and tissues.

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The result: reduction of pain, resorption of inflammatory processes.

The mustard

What is this: it is a remedy in the form of a sheet of thick paper with a layer of defatted mustard seed powder or a packet of mustard powder, consisting of porous cells (4 or 2).

Mechanism of action: essential oil of mustard irritates the skin, there is local hyperemia, which leads to vasodilation and activation of blood circulation in this place. In parallel, irritation of the skin receptors occurs, which leads to an increase in the excitability of the sympathetic division of the central nervous system. Adrenaline and sympathin accumulates in the blood, resulting in an increase in the phagocytic reaction of the immune system.

The result: a reduction in pain, an increase in trophism and tissue warming, an increase in the protective function of immune cells. Active passage of the mucous secretion of the bronchi.

Contraindications to their use

Both mustard plasters and cans are contraindicated in:

  • High body temperature and another day after its normalization
  • Diseases of the skin, especially pustular and traumatic
  • Signs of increased bleeding
  • Pregnancy and lactation
  • Oncological diseases
  • Tuberculosis of the lungs and spine
  • Mental excitement of patients
  • Convulsions

In addition, such procedures are contraindicated when:

Medical Banks

The mustard

  • Children under 3 years old
  • General depletion of the body
  • Diseases of the blood
  • CCC diseases: hypertension, IHD, heart defects, heart failure
  • Sclerosis and vascular thrombosis
  • Insomnia
  • Children up to 1 year. Up to 3 years, mustard plasters are allowed for use only by the inactive side to the skin or through a gasket (bandage, napkin)
  • Allergic diseases
  • Bronchial asthma
  • Psoriasis

When to wait for the effect?

Do yellowberries and cans help with inflammation of the respiratory system? Of course, one can not rely on these methods of treating such serious diseases as acute bronchitis and pneumonia, without recovery from antibiotic therapy it is impossible (cf. treatment of bronchitis in the home, treatment of pneumonia in the child).

Important in the treatment of pulmonary pathology is massage (especially in infants and bedridden patients) and respiratory gymnastics, respectively, they are taken very seriously and not ignored.

Improvement after cans and mustard plasters, together with the main treatment should be observed after 2-3 procedures, in the absence of positive dynamics of expediency in this treatment there.

Banks for the treatment of bronchitis and pneumonia

These two, without exaggeration, serious illnesses last for a long time and in some cases with complications. The danger of using medical cans for pneumonia is the possible rupture of nearby layers of lung tissue, so this method of additional treatment should be agreed with the doctor!

Is it possible to put cans in bronchitis? With pneumonia and bronchitis, the use of medical cans is justified only at the stage of recovery at absence of signs of respiratory insufficiency, intoxication and fever at least several days.


How to put cans on the back

Banks put on the back, depending on the localization of the focus of inflammation. Where to put: under the shoulder blades and between the shoulder blades, under the collarbone, at the waist. Choose places with a thick muscular and fatty layer, avoiding bone protrusions and not affecting the area of ​​the projection of the heart. For each site put 5-6 cans. For the procedure, you will need:

  • a set of clean and dry jars
  • clamp or tweezers
  • cotton wool, alcohol
  • petrolatum and matches

The patient lies on his stomach, his back is rubbed with alcohol and smeared with a small amount of petroleum jelly. On the clamp or tweezers wind cotton wool and dunk it in alcohol, lightly squeezed and ignited. The can is held with the right hand, quickly inserted into its cavity a clamp with cotton for 1-2 seconds and immediately put the jar to the skin.

With correctly placed banks, the following occurs:

  • skin and subcutaneous tissue are absorbed into the cavity of the can and can be seen in the form of a towering roundness;
  • the color of the skin varies from bright pink to crimson;
  • The patient feels the tension of the tissues and the heat, but not the pain.

When all the banks are delivered, the patient is covered with a blanket and waiting for the necessary time. The first procedure lasts 1-5 minutes, then the time is increased to 15-20 minutes with a repetition in 1-2 days, but already in other parts of the skin.

After the time has elapsed, the jar is slightly tilted to the side and pressed against the skin next to the edge of the jar so that air gets into it and the vacuum disappears. The skin is wiped and the patient is left to rest for 1 hour. After the cans on the skin are red or purple, purple-purple spots, which gradually resolve.

Gorchiki for bronchitis and pneumonia

Like banks, it is possible to use mustard plasters during bronchitis already at the stage of recovery and without signs of intoxication and hyperthermia and with the permission of the doctor (especially children). Very good mustard has proven itself in the fight against a strong and painful dry cough - a constant a companion of pneumonia, bronchopneumonia and bronchitis, which for a very long time worries the patient even after recovery. Gorcini contribute to the elimination of stagnant phenomena in the lungs by pulling blood from the anastomoses from the affected area of ​​the lung into the subcutaneous vessels. They help mustard plasters and promptly remove sputum from the bronchi, and also strengthen immunity.

  • With bronchitis, you can put mustard plaster a day after normalizing the temperature.
  • To put mustard plasters in pneumonia can be after 2 days of normal temperature, as it is possible imaginary improvement, and mustard plasters only aggravate the disease.

How to put mustard plasters

Gorchiki with bronchitis and pneumonia can be placed on the upper part of the sternum, on one or two sides of the chest, between and under the shoulder blades, as well as on the calves and heels. You can not put mustard plasters on the bony projections, birthmarks, you should avoid the area of ​​the heart, kidneys and mammary glands. Mustards must not touch one another.

For the procedure, you will need:

  • bowl with water 40-45 degrees
  • mustard plasters (preferably packages)
  • towel
  • napkin

The patient conveniently fits on the stomach or back (depending on the location of the mustard plaster).

The mustard plaster is completely immersed in water and pressed against the skin, gently smoothed around the perimeter. After staging all the mustard plasters, the body surface is covered with a towel and the person calmly lies for 5-15 minutes. You can repeat the procedure up to 4 consecutive days.

In children under 5 years old and patients with sensitive skin between the mustard plaster and the skin, it is recommended to lay a strip of several layers of bandage or tissue napkin in order to avoid skin burns. On sale there are special children's mustards, less aggressive than usual.

With correctly placed mustard plasters:

  • a person feels heat after 2 minutes after applying a mustard leaf;
  • a person can feel a burning sensation, but the absence of such is not a sign that the mustard plasters are bad or do not work;
  • there should be no pain, no burning.

When the procedure time has expired, the mustard plasters are removed and the skin is wiped clean with a damp cloth until all traces of mustard have been eliminated. You can lubricate the skin with neutral baby oil, but alcohol rubs after mustard plasters are forbidden. The skin remains reddened to several days, but not bright red - this is evidence of the individual intolerance of the procedure.

When should I stop using cans and mustard plasters?

In addition to direct contraindications, these auxiliary treatments should be discontinued if there is a pronounced discomfort during the procedure, both physical and psychological, the appearance of pain and severe burning during and after procedures.

zdravotvet.ru

Gorcicnik is the right remedy for bronchitis and not only

Everyone knows that in the fight against colds, bronchitis, pneumonia, mustards are successfully used. This old, kind method of treatment deserves special attention, since the help from it is quite effective! Gorchichniki with bronchitis can be easily put in the home, it is enough only to get acquainted with the technique of setting mustard plasters, to know the indications and contraindications to their use.

With the help of mustard plasters, a local irritating, analgesic and anti-inflammatory effect is achieved. Nerve endings of the skin are irritated by the release of the essential oils that make up the mustard powder when they interact with heat. This is caused by skin hyperemia, obtained by the action of a mustard plaster.

With increasing blood circulation, the production of biologically active substances capable of resisting the organism for infections occurs. At the same time, there is no reliable statement about the effect and benefits of mustard plasters relative to internal organs.

When can I use mustard plasters?

Mustard plasters are used for:

  • catarrhal manifestations of the upper respiratory tract;
  • bronchitis;
  • pneumonia;
  • pleurisy;
  • myositis;
  • radiculitis;
  • intercostal neuralgia;
  • when cupping an attack of bronchial asthma;
  • with hypertensive crisis (neck area).

Contraindications:

  • tuberculosis;
  • malignant neoplasms;
  • lungs' cancer;
  • temperature above 37 degrees;
  • bleeding.

* Mustard must not be placed on bony projections, moles and birthmarks.

* It is impossible - on the area of ​​the heart, kidneys, mammary glands!

* The use of mustard plasters is also not recommended for young children under 6 years of age, because babies have too soft and thin skin, on which it is easy to leave a burn! Only the pediatrician should prescribe this procedure!

The technique of setting mustard plasters with bronchitis

You need to take a bowl of water, the temperature of which is 40-45 degrees, mustard, towel, napkin. It is necessary to prepare the patient, convenient to lay him.

The patient is placed on the stomach, frees the back area from the clothing. The mustard is wetted in the water with a whole mustard surface, tightly pressed against the patient's skin, gently smoothed.

Place them along the spine so that the mustard plasters do not touch each other closely. After the mustard plasters are set, the back of the patient is covered with a towel, on top - a warm blanket. Leave the patient in this position for 15-20 minutes.

If everything goes well, then the heat in the back area is felt. After the specified time, the mustard plasters are removed and the skin is wiped with a clean cloth to remove traces of mustard. The skin after removal of mustard plasters should be moderately reddened. But the intensity of hyperemia should not be bright red, have blisters, etc., otherwise you can talk about a burn or an individual intolerance.

Be sure to monitor the condition and well-being of the patient! If after a while he starts complaining about a burning sensation or an uncomfortable feeling of discomfort, then the mustard should immediately be removed!

Gorcini "homemade"!

If there is no pharmacy nearby, or there is no possibility to buy ready-made mustard plasters for any reason, they can be prepared independently. To do this, you only need:

  • flour (two teaspoons);
  • mustard (about two tablespoons);
  • warm water.

Take a small container, pour mustard into it, add warm water, stir until a uniform mash-like mass is covered with a lid. Leave to stand for 2 hours. Prepare sheets of paper or small pieces of natural, breathable tissue. After two hours, flour is added, again thoroughly mixed, then the resulting mass is spread over paper or fabric, from above covering it with the same piece of paper or fabric. That's all!

You should pay attention to the expiration date and the condition of the mustard plasters at the time of purchase. They should be dry, do not crumble and smell like mustard.

Gorchiki in bronchitis have a good warming and physiotherapeutic effect! This increases blood circulation, dilates blood vessels, improves gas exchange in the lungs, stagnant phenomena disappear. Delivery of oxygen to tissues is faster, decay products are deduced.

In the bronchi, sputum is also accelerated, which makes breathing easier. You can also use foot baths with mustard for catarrhal diseases. This is very effective for laryngitis, pharyngitis, runny nose.

In case of overcooling, getting into the rain in damp and cold weather, with any signs of a beginning cold, and also for its prevention, you can soak your feet in hot water with mustard, put on warm socks, take shelter with a warm blanket and drink a cup of hot tea with honey, raspberries, lemon. Then the cold simply will not have any chance!

Gorciniks during pregnancy

You should be especially careful when dealing with the appointment of mustard plasters during pregnancy! Since the action of mustard plasters is aimed at warming the body and improving blood circulation, it is necessary to know that the heating Physiotherapeutic procedures are contraindicated in pregnant women, since they can provoke self-abortion or premature childbirth!

Also, mustard itself has an abortive effect, which should be borne in mind when appointing mustard plasters. Especially dangerous in this case is self-medication! Pregnant women should strictly according to the doctor's prescription take any medicines and physiotherapy in the treatment of bronchitis and other colds.

When setting the mustard plots, a local reaction is observed in the form of blood flow to the irritant (mustard) and the area where the mustard is delivered. At the same time, from the uterus, on the contrary, there is an outflow of blood, which leads to oxygen starvation of the fetus, albeit short-term.

Always be careful about your health, try not to let the body get hypothermic, and during the height of the epidemics of acute respiratory infections and colds, try to avoid visiting particularly crowded places.

ingalin.ru

Gorchiki in bronchitis: can I bet, how to put and where (photo)

Mustards are usually recommended to children. However, due to the excellent expectorant effect, this method easily copes with the treatment of patients of all age groups.

With the help of mustard plasters, you can get rid of bronchitis, pneumonia, colds, pleurisy.

What is bronchitis?

Bronchitis should be understood as a disease, which is based on the inflammatory process of the mucous membrane of the bronchial tree. The appearance of an ailment is promoted by endogenous and exogenous factors affecting the mucosa.

Medicine identifies two types of bronchitis:

  1. acute;
  2. chronic.
In acute form, diffuse inflammation occurs. It is manifested by hypersecretion, which provokes a cough and plentiful discharge of phlegm.

If bronchitis occurs in the chronicle, there is a restructuring of excretory processes. The functioning of protective mechanisms is disrupted, and sputum production increases.

The cause of bronchitis can be viral or bacterial factors. Not the last role is given to fungi and allergic agents. The disease begins with a dry intense cough that occurs at night. After that:

  • sputum actively withdraws,
  • hyperemia develops;
  • there is a general intoxication of the body.

Duration of bronchitis from a week to two. If you do not cope with the disease in its acute stage, there is a risk of the transition of the inflammatory process to a chronic form.

It is very difficult to recover from such a pathology.

Main properties of mustard plasters

Previously, the mustard for bronchitis consisted of flour, mustard and water. Such a mixture was applied a thin layer on the tissue and applied to the covers of the back, chest. Modern mustard plasters can be purchased in ready-made form. The therapeutic mixture in them is located between two sheets of paper. To put mustard plasters in bronchitis, they are put in warm water, and then put on the necessary place.

As a result of chemical reactions occurring on the patient's skin:

  1. receptors are irritated;
  2. blood circulation increases;
  3. metabolism is accelerated.

In addition, under the influence of mustard plasters, the protective and restorative mechanisms that help fight coughing are activated. Thanks to the expansion of the blood vessels, the coughing becomes more productive, the lumens of the bronchi get rid of the surplus of sputum.

If you do not have a mustard plaster on hand, you can make the application yourself. You will need to take:

  • 2 teaspoons of flour;
  • 2 tablespoons mustard powder;
  • warm water.

Put a powder in the plate, add water gradually until a uniform mush. Such homemade mustard plasters are left for 2 hours to insist. Then add the flour, mix thoroughly.

The resulting mass is applied to prepared sheets of thick paper or cotton cloth. On top of applying the same sheet. A mustard is ready. It can be used for adults and children.

How to bet?

Before treatment, you should know how to put mustard plasters in bronchitis. In fact, everything is very simple. To do this, you need to pour a small amount of warm water. After 5-10 minutes, the mustard plasters are placed on the chest, back. In this case, the heart area should be avoided. By the way, the same requires pepper bandage when coughing.

Mustards sometimes can injure covers. Especially the problem is relevant for children of small age and patients with too sensitive skin. To prevent this, use a protective material. Good for this purpose is medical gauze and an additional layer of heavy paper.

After some time, the patient will feel pleasant warmth in places where mustard sheets are attached. But they need to be removed only after 10 minutes or after the appearance of hyperemia on the skin.

Do not use mustard for bronchitis, if the skin is damaged, it is inflamed. In this case, the progression of the disease can begin.

Children instead of mustard plasters can make mustard wraps. Required:

  • cut the cotton cloth with a mustard solution;
  • squeeze and put in the right place;
  • fix one more piece of cloth.

After the procedure, it is necessary to remove all the remains of mustard powder. To do this, the skin is wiped with a damp warm towel.

Treatment with mustard powder may not be suitable for everyone. So, the remedy is not allowed in case of acute inflammatory process, increased overall body temperature, suspicion of cancer or tuberculosis infection in adults.

Also, the method should be abandoned in case of allergic reaction, cardiovascular disorders in the stage of decompensation, defects of the heart valve apparatus.

Mustard must not be put to children under 3 years old.

Unsuitable for use mustard plaster if:

  1. from them the powder is showered;
  2. expired.
Good applications before wetting with water should not have a smell, while carrying out the warming of the chest with a cough.

Where to put mustard plasters in bronchitis? This is also an urgent issue. Since the disease develops in the upper respiratory tract, the sheets should be placed on the upper back, near the alleged site of inflammation.

The ideal place for staging a mustard is the upper part of the sternum and the interscapular region. If the effect occurs precisely on these areas, the metabolism becomes more active, it is possible to stabilize the regenerative processes.

As noted, the yellow card is not put on the area:

  • heart;
  • projections of the kidneys;
  • mammary gland.

The skin after removing mustard plasters should be moderately red. However, hyperemia of bright scarlet color, blisters is unacceptable.

In this case, it is an individual intolerance or a burn.

Gorchichniki and pregnancy

Particular attention should be given to pregnancy. In this particular state, any irritating factors can cause severe consequences. Therefore, a pregnant woman before applying mustard plasters should weigh all the pros and cons of the procedure. Treatment should be done with extreme caution. Some doctors are against mustard applications and other similar warming procedures during pregnancy.

They can become a provocative factor:

  1. spontaneous abortion;
  2. beginning of premature birth.

Doctors explain this reaction simply. In places of setting mustard plots, there is an increase in blood circulation. In turn, there is an outflow of blood from the tissues of the uterus, a short-term oxygen starvation of a future child.

Another thing to be aware of is that some substances contained in mustard may themselves be a prerequisite for abortion.

The reader is recommended to watch the video in this article, in which an analysis of the need and technique of using a mustard is done in detail.

stopgripp.ru

Gorchiki in bronchitis: how and where to put?

Bronchitis is quite an unpleasant disease, in which the mucous membrane of the tracheobronchial tree becomes inflamed. Infectious disease is accompanied by intoxication of the body and a strong cough. There are many excellent ways to suppress these symptoms. One of them has been used for a long time in home treatment. An excellent healing effect is caused by mustard plasters in bronchitis. They allow by means of a good heating of the sternum to relieve the patient of an unpleasant cough.

Characteristics of the tool

Since ancient times used homemade mustard plasters. For this purpose, a special mixture was made, which was applied to a dense fabric or paper. The heating effect was provided by the composition of flour, mustard and water.

Today, this product is easily purchased in pharmacies. On a special paper, apply a thin layer of the necessary powder. For the production of the latter, the seeds are used with gray or black mustard.

Is it allowed to use mustard plasters for bronchitis?

Very often such a question torments patients. Doctors say that it is possible to put mustard plasters in bronchitis. Because they do not bring harm to the body. But before applying, you must carefully study the technique of setting. In addition, it is important to know under what conditions this procedure is categorically contraindicated.

The positive effect of the remedy on internal organs is not proven in medicine. It is known that mustard plasters with bronchitis have anti-inflammatory and irritating effects. They form heat, releasing essential oils. Such a process stimulates metabolism, improves blood flow. This includes restorative processes. And, consequently, the body begins to fight infection.

Basic Contraindications

Before considering how to put mustard for bronchitis, you should talk about who this procedure is strictly contraindicated.

Such treatment is impossible with:

  • injuries or skin diseases;
  • bronchial asthma;
  • malignant formations;
  • high temperature (more than 3 degrees);
  • age to 7 years.

The quality of the mustard plots plays an important role, since unsuitable tools will not only not produce a favorable effect, but can also provoke unpleasant consequences.

Thus, it is very important to use exclusively quality mustard plasters. It is not difficult to verify this. Inspect the surface carefully. Mustard must not be scattered from it. Do not use those that have expired. They will not give a therapeutic effect. The smell is very important. Rather, his absence. Remember, dry mustard must not have a smell.

Technique of production

The rules of procedure are quite simple. It is very important to adhere to them so as not to harm themselves or the child.

So, let's consider how to put mustard plasters in bronchitis.

  1. The water for the procedure should be about 45 degrees. Do not use too hot liquid. In such water, the mustard will lose its properties.
  2. Sachets should be soaked in warm liquid for half a minute. Then they are applied to the patient's skin. Mustard must be carefully smoothened. From above it is recommended to cover with a towel.
  3. In this procedure it is very important to understand where to put mustard plasters in bronchitis. Since the disease is characterized by inflammation of the tracheobronchial tree, this region should be warmed up. Consequently, the mustard is placed on the upper region of the chest. At the same time carefully avoid the area of ​​mammary glands and heart. In addition, produce the setting on the back. Here, select the area between the blades and below them. In no case do not put mustard plasters on the spine.
  4. The thermal effect can be felt after two or three minutes. However, it is advisable to hold the compress for up to 10 minutes. At the same time, we should not forget that the duration of the procedure is a purely individual moment for each patient. You should closely monitor the covers. This is especially true for patients with sensitive skin. It is expedient for such people to put mustard plasters through gauze. The therapeutic effect will be achieved as soon as the skin becomes a little red. Now they can be removed. To tighten the process is not necessary, otherwise effective treatment will turn into a burn.
  5. After the procedure, the skin surface should be wiped with a towel soaked in warm water. This will remove the remains of mustard.

Features of setting for children

If there was a need for treatment of the baby mustard plasters, then you should consider some additional requirements.

  1. To very small children this procedure is forbidden.
  2. Mustard for bronchitis in children is recommended to apply through gauze, which is impregnated with sunflower oil. You can use thick paper. This will prevent burns on tender baby skin. An unequivocal answer to the question of where to put mustard plasters in bronchitis (on the back part or chest) is not. You can periodically rotate such places. Because the heating effect will be received.
  3. Kids can use a mustard wrap. For this, the fabric is impregnated in a special solution. To make the last one you will need: mustard powder (1 tablespoon) and warm water (, liter). The tissue must be soaked in solution and wrung out. The prepared compress is superimposed on the necessary parts of the body. Such a mustard wrap is recommended to wrap up with a warm towel or scarf.
  4. If the kid flatly refuses the mustard plasters, you can replace this procedure with another, no less effective. Prepare your child a foot bath. To do this, dilute mustard in warm water (about 38 degrees). The proportions should be as follows: 10 liters of liquid - 100 grams of powder. When the child drops his legs into the pelvis, cover them with a blanket. For the baby, the duration of the procedure can be 5-10 minutes. An older child can increase the bath time by five minutes.

Obstructive bronchitis

With this form of the disease should be very careful. Especially if obstructive bronchitis in children. After all, the source of the disease can be an allergic reaction. In this case, mustards with bronchitis can exacerbate obstruction. In some cases, they even lead to bronchial asthma.

Such an unpleasant effect is caused by the essential oils that are released during the formulation. They are able to give a strong allergic reaction.

Conclusion

As can be seen from all of the above, mustard for bronchitis is easy to put. One should only carefully consider the individual characteristics of each patient. Consider the possibility of hypersensitivity. To do this, carefully observe the skin of the skin. If necessary, immediately remove the mustard.

syl.ru

Where is better to put mustard plasters with bronchitis

Answers:

Charismatic Charm

A long-standing but still relevant remedy for lung diseases and various inflammations in the chest area - mustard plasters facilitate the condition of an unhealthy person before the doctor comes. Help mustard plasters for bronchitis and pneumonia, pleurisy and myositis. Even intercostal neuralgia slightly calms this simple remedy.

But the rules are important and with the simplest medical means. It is necessary to know precisely, in what place and at what disease the mustard plaster is put. If the upper respiratory tract are treated, then the place of the mustard plaster is the sternum and the calf muscles. With neuralgia, the most painful place will be the best point for a mustard plaster.

To put mustard plasters with bronchitis should be strictly above the chest and between the shoulder blades. You can also remove a headache by placing a yellow card below the nape.

Do not put mustard plasters on diseased or damaged skin, at a temperature above normal, with malignant neoplasms.

Marie Luo

On the shoulder blades. Only not in front of the heart.

Irina Chernyshova

To the lungs from the sides of the back.

Elena ))))))))))

just above the chest. where the esophagus. and on the back above the scapula in the center.

Passion dance

http://video.komarovskiy.net/shkola-bronxit-30-05-2010.html

Olga Malykhina

on the back above the scapula, and above the chest on the bronchus, on either side of the esophagus

Yuliya)))

On the sternum and on the back.

clay solid

Thank you, I did so.

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