Treatment of a cold in children

Prolonged cold in the child: possible causes, diagnosis of concomitant pathologies, consequences

Surely every parent knows the saying: "If the snot is treated, they will pass in seven days, and if not, then in a week."

Indeed, with the normal functioning of the immune system, rhinitis passes by itself without any treatment.

However, sometimes a protracted runny nose in a child is a symptom of a serious illness requiring medication, and in some cases also surgical, therapy.

Prolonged rhinitis in children can be a consequence of such factors:

Weakened immunity. It is not uncommon for parents to note that the rhinitis occurs again without having time to stop. This is especially true for a child attending a kindergarten or school. Insufficient resistance of the body to a viral infection leads to repeated infection. In such cases the Derinat spray is effective.
Allergic reaction. Mucous discharge from the nose appears under the influence of a certain stimulus. Such symptoms can be permanent or seasonal during the flowering period.

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Chronic sinusitisand other types of sinusitis. Most often, this disease is a consequence of improper treatment of acute inflammation of the nasal sinuses.
Vasomotor (false) rhinitis. This pathology is caused by a disturbance in the work of capillaries that feed the mucous membrane of the upper respiratory tract.
Too prolonged instillation of local vasoconstrictors. A dangerous consequence of their use is addiction, and instead of reducing the release of mucus, its excessive secretion begins.
Excessive dryness in the room. Especially for the environment, newborns are sensitive.
The proliferation of adenoid tissue. This greatly complicates nasal breathing, is the cause of frequent otitis and colds.
Congenital or acquired as a result of trauma features anatomical structure of the nasal cavity.

Any disease is easier to treat in the initial stages. That is why to prevent a protracted runny nose, the child needs timely treatment of acute respiratory infections and colds. In the absence of temperature, you can use popular recipes. These are rinsing and inhalation with natural remedies, washing and punctual massage of the wings of the nose, use of mustard plaits for coughing.

Doctor E.O. Komarovsky emphasizes that the main role in preventing a protracted runny nose in a child play hardening procedures, maintaining the humidity regime (at least 50%) and temperature (19 - 22 °) in indoors. Strengthening the protective forces of the organism is promoted by walking outdoors, playing sports, active way of life. A link to the video with a detailed story of a pediatrician about the prevention and treatment of rhinitis can be found on his forum.

If, despite all the measures taken, the following alarming symptoms appear, do not postpone the visit to the doctor:

a coryza that lasts for more than 10 days;
snoring and an intensifying cough at night, because of this, there are sleep disorders, weakness, fatigue;
shortness of nasal breathing;
constant anxiety, tearfulness, it becomes more difficult for breastfed babies to take the breast or pacifier of the bottle because of the stuffy nose;
deterioration of smell and perception of taste.

Alloculations during prolonged runny nose in children can be transparent or cloudy. Dense, yellowish mucus indicates the onset of a bacterial infection process that requires mandatory antimicrobial treatment for both local and systemic use.

The scheme of therapy of a protracted cold in children depends on its causes.It is clear that at home, it is impossible to diagnose, so the child should be written to the ENT. The doctor first interviews the parents about the timing of the onset of rhinitis, accompanying symptoms.

Then the doctor will examine the nasal cavity, this procedure is called rhinoscopy. It can be carried out using special tools or an electronic endoscope. This determines the condition of the mucous membrane, polyposic formations. To exclude or confirm sinusitis, x-rays of the sinuses are required.

If the cause of a prolonged runny nose in children is the effect of an irritant, certain tests are required to accurately identify the allergen. It is also necessary to conduct a clinical study of blood and bacusses of mucous secretions.

Complications of a protracted cold in children are very dangerous.This condition can cause a variety of chronic diseases, weakening of immunity, frequent infections of the ENT - organs and lower respiratory tract.

Bacterial runny nose and other types of rhinitis: features of the clinical picture and treatment

Symptoms of long-term rhinitis largely depend on its cause. The same factor determines the purpose of certain medications, the duration of treatment and the prognosis of the disease. Features of bacterial and runny nose of a different nature are presented below.

Viral rhinitis occurs due to ingestion of a rhino or adenovirus. Its distinctive symptoms are:

transparent allocation;
nasal congestion;
weakness;
fever;
inflammation, redness, and sore throat;
lacrimation.

Often the disease passes on its own within 3 to 7 days. In severe cases - antiviral agents. Allergic rhinitis is the response of the immune system to getting into the body of a certain stimulus (dust, wool, smoke or sprayed substances, pollen, down, etc.).

Its main features are:

pronounced edema of the nasal mucosa;
transparent mucous discharge;
possible seasonal course with exacerbations in spring and summer;
frequent sneezing;
absence of fever and other cold symptoms.

For therapy use antihistamines in the form of tablets or nasal sprays, in the absence of effect appoint glucocorticoids. Bacterial rhinitis is caused by bacteria such as staphylococci and streptococci. More rarely - a hemophilic and pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella, Proteus.

It proceeds as follows:

thick mucus with a yellowish tinge and unpleasant odor;
temperature;
sore throat, sometimes - cough;
with acute sinusitis - soreness when pressing the sinus area, headache when tilting down;
symptoms of general intoxication by products of bacterial metabolism.

Antibiotics are prescribed for treatment; at the initial stage, antimicrobials are used in the form of sprays, with severe symptoms - injections, suspensions or tablets. Reaction to dry air. The drying of the mucous membrane leads to excessive secretion of mucus.

It is accompanied by such symptoms:

transparent abundant discharge;
The nozzles disappear when exposed to fresh air or after ventilation.

Special treatment is not required, it is sufficient to maintain the optimum moisture regime and regularly wash the nose with saline solutions. Vasomotor rhinitis. Symptoms are caused by circulatory disorders and changes in the structure of the mucous membrane of the nasal cavity.

Patients complain about:

a persistent runny nose with abundant clearings;
persistent nasal congestion and difficulty breathing;
deterioration of smell;
absence of effect from standard methods of therapy.

Treatment depends on the stage of vasomotor rhinitis. At the initial stages, antihistamine and hormonal drugs are used, with pronounced changes in the nasal cavity, surgical intervention is indicated.

Regardless of the genesis of a protracted runny nose, symptomatic therapy is necessary. It consists in lavage of the nasal cavity, administration of vasoconstricting sprays or drops, but they can not be used for more than seven days.

In addition, if necessary, therapy of concomitant inflammation of the nasopharynx and lower respiratory tract diseases, immunostimulants, multivitamin preparations is required. This is especially true for viral and bacterial rhinitis.

How to treat a protracted runny nose in a child: the principles of drug therapy, additional procedures

Determine the treatment regimen and prescribe medications should the ENT - the doctor after diagnosis.

Mostly, topical drugs are used because they have certain advantages over capsules or syrups.First of all, sprays and drops immediately begin to "work" in the nasal cavity, bypassing the digestive tract.

In addition, active components are absorbed into the blood in a lower concentration, so the risk of side effects associated with the burden on the kidneys and liver is reduced. Let us dwell on the main drugs intended to treat a protracted runny nose in a child.

Vasodilating drops and sprays:

Otrivin;
Vibrocil;
Nazivin;
Nazol.

Despite the fact that the active component of these drugs is different, they act the same way - narrow the blood vessels of the nasal cavity and reduce the release of mucus. It is also worth noting that the funds have only a symptomatic effect, without affecting the cause of the common cold. Apply them one by one drop (or injection) into each nostril up to three times a day.

Doctors emphasize that these medications can not be used for more than 7 days. Otherwise, complications in the form of vasomotor rhinitis are possible. When buying a drug, you need to pay attention to the percentage of active substance. For adults and children it is different. Homeopathic remedies on a natural basis have antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory effects.

These are such sprays as:

Euphorbium compositum;
Delufen.

They are prescribed in a dosage of 1 to 2 doses per nasal passage up to 4 times a day and are allowed to use from an early age, during pregnancy and lactation. They are intended not only for the therapy of long-term rhinitis, but also for the prevention of exacerbation of chronic processes.

Also, to treat a protracted runny nose, the child is prescribed oral homeopathic remedies:

Sinupret, apply 1 to 2 tablets (15 to 50 drops) three times a day;
Cinnabsin (1 tablet 3 to 10 times a day).

Hormonal preparations with glucocorticoids have a pronounced anti-inflammatory, anti-edematous and antihistamine action. Designed to treat a protracted runny nose caused by neurovegetative disorders, enlarged adenoids.

These are sprays:

Nazonex;
Nasobek.

Their dosage differs depending on the age and makes up 1 - 2 injections in each nostril twice a day. Nazonex is contraindicated for children under 2 years, and Nasobek - up to 6 years. They must be used after a preliminary cleansing of the nasal cavity from mucus. The treatment process must be controlled by a doctor without fail. In addition, steroids suppress local immunity, so these sprays are contraindicated in viral or bacterial infections.

Preparation on a natural basis Pinosol. Contains vegetable components (menthol, eucalyptus oil, pine). Has anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial effect. It is convenient to use, as the market is presented in the form of ointments, drops and spray. Apply it should be 1 to 2 drops to 5 times a day in the first days of the disease, then go to triple use within a day. Pinosol is not intended for children under 2 years of age and is contraindicated in allergic rhinitis.

Antibacterial agents:

Isofra (allowed from 2 years);
Polidex (it is applied from 6 years).

The composition includes an antibiotic, to which gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria are sensitive. Dosage is 1 spraying 3 to 5 times a day for a week. Polydex also contains a vasoconstrictor component. Also, the drug is available in the form of ear drops for otitis treatment.

Saline solutions for washing the nasal cavity:

Aqua Maris;
Humer;
Akvalor.

Sea water removes swelling, moisturizes the mucous membrane, repeat the procedure should be up to 5 - 6 times a day. Antihistamines are used to treat allergic rhinitis. Adults and children over 6 years of age are prescribed sprays in the nose in a dosage of 1 spraying up to 6 times a day.

Allergodyl;
Cromohexal.

Children younger Erius syrup is prescribed from 2 to 5 ml per day, tablets Loratadine, Cetrin, Suprastin (1/2 - 1 pill once a day). Sometimes they are prescribed for ARVI to eliminate symptoms of rhinitis.

If the sprays with antibiotics are ineffective, antibacterial agents of the cephalosporins or penicillins in the form of suspensions are used.The course of treatment is from 5 to 14 days. It is also worth noting that antihistamines in the form of tablets can cause drowsiness, so it is better to take them in the evening.

Also, you can treat a protracted runny nose with a special procedure. The so-called cuckoo is effective. During it, the doctor rinses the paranasal sinuses of the nose with disinfectant solutions and suction removes mucus and pus.

Treatment of a protracted cold in children with folk remedies

To significantly improve the effect of medicines will help recipes from the arsenal of alternative medicine.

They ease the symptoms of rhinitis inhalation with warm steam soda solution, decoctions of medicinal herbs (St. John's wort, calendula, chamomile, eucalyptus).

Also, the treatment of a protracted runny nose in children is possible with the help of a compress, on the wings of the nose warmed with salt in a tissue bag.

Symptoms of rhinitis for allergies will ease drops from freshly squeezed beet juice or carrots. To strengthen immunity, the baby is given onion juice. To do this, you need to grind the onion and fill it with sugar.

For the treatment of bacterial and viral rhinitis or sinusitis, such recipes are suitable:

bury your nose with Kalanchoe juice or aloe;
prepare a decoction from a mixture of St. John's wort and chamomile (1 tablespoon 200 ml of boiling water), strain and drip into the nose 4 to 5 drops to 5 times a day;
finely chop the onion or garlic and squeeze through the cheesecloth, mix the juice with water in the ratio: and use as a drop in the nose;
lubricate the mucous mixture of honey and peppermint oil.

However, treatment of a protracted runny nose in children should be carried out under the constant supervision of a doctor. Wrong therapy can lead to undesirable reactions from the body and irreversible changes in the nasal mucosa, which is corrected only by surgical intervention.

gajmorit.com

Viral rhinitis in children: symptoms and treatment

There are several types of rhinitis, based on the causes of its occurrence and the nature of the flow. One of the most common types of this disease is viral rhinitis.

Symptoms of viral rhinitis in infants and older children

Viral rhinitis occurs as a result of the penetration of the respiratory tract of various viruses. Infection mainly affects people with reduced immunity, often a viral rhinitis in the child, especially the first years of life of the baby. When hypothermia or colds, when the defenses of the body are reduced, there is also the possibility of infection.

Experts say that rhinitis often acts as a sign of more serious infections, such as:

flu;
diphtheria;
scarlet fever;
measles.

After these infectious diseases are cured, the runny nose passes by itself. The causative agents of the viral rhinitis in infants and older children can be more than 500 types of pathogenic microorganisms. The most common of these are influenza viruses, parainfluenza, coronaviruses and adenoviruses.

In order not to confuse this disease of the nasopharynx with its other species, one should know the symptoms of viral rhinitis, because only in this way it will be possible to start treatment in time. In the case of a viral infection that affects the nasal mucosa, the following signs are observed:

increased secretion of clear mucus;
swelling of the nasopharynx;
shortness of nasal breathing;
general weakness and malaise;
headache.

Soon after penetration of pathogenic microorganisms into the nasopharyngeal cavity, patients complain of dryness of the mucous membrane. After a while, mucus begins to form from the nose, gradually its amount increases. The disease can affect only one nasal passage - right or left, or two at once.

Symptoms of rhinitis caused by viruses depend on the stage of the disease. In otolaryngology, there are 3 stages of such a common cold:

The first one is "dry".It lasts from a few hours to 1-2 days, except for the dryness of the mucosa during this period of the patient is still worried about severe itching or burning. The first stage is accompanied by lacrimation, since the inflammatory process also extends to the mucous membrane of the eyes. When a viral infection enters the nose during the examination, the specialist notes that the mucous membrane is inflamed and excessively dry.
The second is "wet".The inflammatory process is actively developing, the mucosa becomes even more red, there is swelling and serous-mucous discharge appears. At this stage, the nose usually stops breathing completely, the body temperature rises, the patient complains of general weakness, joint pain, headache.
The third stage.At this time, the patient may notice that mucus with an admixture of pus is secreted in the nasal cavity. This sign indicates the development of a serious inflammatory process. There may be a decrease in swelling of the mucous membrane and improvement in nasal breathing, however, this does not indicate a recovery of the patient, on the contrary, the infection penetrates deeper. It is at this stage in the course of rhinitis that cough is added to the main signs of the disease, as the infection has already descended into the trachea and bronchi.

How to distinguish a viral rhinitis from bacterial and allergic

Among the most common pathogens of rhinitis are viruses and bacteria. The first cause the development of viral infections, the second - the bacterial. It is important to know how to distinguish a viral cold from bacterial, because the nature of the origin of rhinitis depends on its treatment. First of all, learn about the type of infection will help the symptoms that bother the patient. If a person develops a viral rhinitis, the discharge will be transparent, while itching, burning and dryness in the nose are felt. Soon the symptoms increase, the patient's body temperature rises. Usually, rhinitis caused by viruses develops against the background of other serious infectious diseases - diphtheria, measles, influenza.

Bacterial rhinitis has a purulent character, it needs to be treated with antibacterial drugs effective against a particular group of bacteria. The mucus in the nose becomes thicker, darker and turbid, the patient complains of a headache, a general weakness. Bacterial infection is often associated with rhinitis, which was originally caused by the entry into the body of a specific virus.

Knowing how to distinguish a viral rhinitis from an allergic rhinitis is also very important, since many children suffer from allergies, which need to be treated with special means. With these two kinds of cold, transparent mucus from the nose is secreted, however, in case of allergic rhinitis, it is more liquid. Coryza, caused by allergens, is not always observed, but only when in contact with them.

Antiviral drugs in this case will be ineffective, treatment is performed with antihistamines.

How and how to treat a common cold in children: drops and other drugs

If a child develops symptoms of a viral infection, it is important to consult a pediatrician. The expert will tell you how to treat a viral rhinitis by prescribing effective and safe means.

Treatment of a viral rhinitis should be complex and consist of such actions:

Frequent washing of the nasopharynx.
With severe nasal congestion, instillation of vasoconstrictors. Assign such drops with viral cold, like Sanorin, Nazivin, Otrivin and others.
Warming of the nose and nasal sinuses.
Treatment of viral cold in children with antiviral drugs, such as Anaferon or Arbidol and other safe means.

Most often, viral rhinitis develops in the baby, which is caused by still fragile immunity of crumbs. To protect him from illness, it is important to adhere to common reinforcing actions. This will help hardening, eating well and maintaining a cool, humid climate in the room. How to treat a viral rhinitis in children, can only tell a specialist, it is important to abandon self-treatment so as not to harm the baby.

NasmorkuNet.ru

Prolonged runny nose in the child: effective treatment

Colds in young children occur very often, especially with weakened immunity. With timely treatment and proper behavior of parents, it soon becomes possible to get rid of unpleasant symptoms.

However, when there is a prolonged runny nose in the child, there is a serious cause for concern, because the disease can cause many complications.

Causes of a prolonged rhinitis in infants

Prolonged runny nose in a child otolaryngologists are treated as chronic rhinitis. This form of the disease is acquired as a result of improper treatment of acute rhinitis. In addition, prolonged rhinitis can be a sign of other inflammatory processes that occur in the child's body. Often, it indicates the development of infectious diseases, influenza, upper respiratory tract diseases.

In most cases, a prolonged runny nose in the baby is a consequence of normal rhinitis. As a rule, unpleasant symptoms - mucous discharge from the nose and nasal congestion, arise in the cold and damp season. There may be several pathogens, usually viruses and microbes, then specialists distinguish between the viral and bacterial origin of rhinitis. Treatment of a prolonged runny nose in a child and is determined by the type of pathogen of the inflammatory process in the nasopharynx. With bacterial rhinitis, the most common pathogens are microbes such as staphylococci, pneumococci and streptococci.

Among other causes of protracted rhinitis, otolaryngologists call such factors:

weakened immunity;
frequent colds accompanied by colds;
absence of any treatment for acute rhinitis;
constant hypothermia of the body;
the course of other infectious diseases in the body;
curvature of the nasal septum - congenital or acquired;
an increase in adenoid tissue;
allergic reactions of the nasal mucosa;
hidden infections.

Signs of a protracted cold in the baby

Finding a protracted runny nose from your baby, you should immediately visit the specialist's office.

To recognize this form of the inflammatory process proceeding in a nasopharynx, it is possible on such signs:

discharge from the nose are observed for more than 10 days;
nasal breathing is difficult both day and night;
total or partial reduction of smell;
The nose is not transparent, but a thick yellow-green or brown mucus;
itching, dryness and burning in the nose;
feeling tired and sleepy;
sleep disturbance.

Parents are not able to learn about the presence of all these signs in young children, however, the disturbing behavior of the baby should be a cause for concern. If you see that the activity of your baby has decreased, he wants to sleep constantly, but at the same time, sleep is disturbed, the child sniffs, one should consult a specialist.

What can cause a prolonged runny nose in children

Among all the causes of a prolonged runny nose in a child, the disease most often occurs under the influence of allergens and bacterial infection. To cause an allergic reaction can a large number of allergens - dust, pollen of flowering plants, wool of domestic animals. Recognize lingering rhinitis of allergic origin is not so difficult - discharge from the nose, sneezing and nasal congestion is noted immediately during or soon after contact with irritant agent.

Infectious rhinitis, caused by the penetration of children's body viruses or bacteria, usually accompanied by an increased body temperature and inflammation of the tonsils. A child may be disturbed by a cough and sore throat.

Many people do not give the runny nose special significance, considering it a non-serious disease. According to the otolaryngologists, a prolonged runny nose in a child can cause many complications. It exerts a strain not only on the respiratory system, but also on other parts of the child's body - the heart and lungs.

What and how to treat a protracted rhinitis in a child

It is important to know what to treat a prolonged runny nose in a child, because the duration of the course of the illness depends on this. Therapy may be medicated, or treatment may in some cases be performed without the use of medications.

How to cure a protracted rhinitis without medications is quite an urgent matter, because many mothers want to do without potent drugs. If the child is sick of the cold before the age of 1 year, the treatment is reduced to increasing the protective forces of the child's body and creating favorable conditions for a speedy recovery. To do this, immunomodulatory medications are prescribed, preferably of plant origin.

Babies need to regularly suck off mucus from the nasal passages, since it is important not to let it stagnate. The child's nose also needs constant moistening, it can be watered or dripped with special solutions based on sea water. You can treat a protracted runny nose with such saline solutions as Dolphin, Aquamaris, Aqualor, Humer.

There are several more effective methods, how to cure a prolonged runny nose in a child without the use of medications - this is inhalation. Such procedures are very effective for prolonged runny nose and its frequent complication - coughing. With a dry cough, inhalations will remove the inflammation from the irritated mucous membrane, moisturizing it, and when wet - will help to secrete sputum faster. With a strong cold, the child, against which cough has already started to appear, will help such an inhalation: take a tablespoon of St. John's Wort, flowers marigold and mint, pour a liter of water, let it brew, filter, place in a steam inhaler and let these pairs breathe the baby for 10-15 minutes.

Cold inhalations can also be performed:moisten a handkerchief or cotton wool in essential oil and let the baby breathe.

For the treatment of the common cold, the butter of thyme, anise and fir is well suited. Activation of certain points on the face promotes rapid recovery of the nasal mucosa and accelerates the healing process.

How to cure a prolonged runny nose in a child with the help of acupressure? It is necessary to massage the points located on both sides of the wings of the nose, the procedure should be performed 2-3 times a day. During the massage you can use aromatic oils, rubbing them into the nasal sinus area. This procedure is indicated for children from 3 years.

We treat a viral, protracted runny nose in a child

Also, parents should know how to treat a protracted rhinitis in a child of viral origin. The best means, which allows to increase the protective forces of the child's body in the fight against a viral infection, is considered interferon. It is available in various dosage forms - candles, drops, tablets, ointments.

Rhinitis in children of bacterial origin, when the nose is a viscous mucus yellow-green or brown, should be treated with antibiotics. Before taking an antibacterial agent, you must thoroughly clean the nasal cavity of pathological contents. Most often, children are prescribed antibacterial preparations of local action, such as Isofra and Bioparox.

Treatment of rhinitis in children, regardless of its origin, should be carried out under the supervision of a specialist. If the disease is allowed to drift, it can cause serious complications - sinusitis, otitis, bronchitis, bronchial asthma, pneumonia.

NasmorkuNet.ru

Tip 1: How to cure a cold in one day in a child

Among childhood diseases one of the most common is the common cold. Rhinitis or rhinitis occurs in children of different ages very often, and the sooner parents take action to eliminate the causes and symptoms of the disease, the easier it will be for the baby. In this article we will describe how to quickly and effectively eliminate the causes of the common cold and cure it with folk remedies in one day.

Instructions

At the very beginning of the illness, hang a crushed garlic over the baby's crib, which will scare off the germs. Prepare a sterile solution of sea salt and dip into each nostril of the child two or three drops with a pipette. This will release the nasal passage from the mucus.
Washing should be done regularly - it will maintain the purity of the nose and contribute to the elimination of the disease. If the nasal cavity of the child swells, making breathing difficult, do not bury the vasoconstrictive drops more often than twice a day - for example, Nazivin or Derinat.
Use a special pear to suck off mucus from the child's nose, if he does not know how to blow his nose. Bury the drops inside only after cleaning your nose.
The child should be in a humid room - regularly ventilate the room and do a wet cleaning. Give him more warm drink to replenish the moisture in the body. It is useful to use drops "Protargol which relieve nasal passages from purulent mucus.
At night, lift the child's pillow to raise the level of his head. This will make breathing easier. Do before bedtime inhalation of balsam "star".
To wash the nose in addition to the saline solution, use infusions of chamomile, calendula, plantain, sage, oregano, and sea buckthorn, peach and eucalyptus oil, which can be added to herbal infusions. Herbs insist on a glass of boiling water for two hours, then cool and flush the baby's nose through the pipette.
Take two fresh sheets of aloe, rinse them in warm water and squeeze out the juice. Dissolve the aloe juice with boiled water in the proportion: 0 and bury 3-4 drops of juice in each nostril several times a day. Aloe can quickly and effectively fight with the common cold.
The recognized means of treatment for children are the foot and hand baths. Do them before going to bed, then put your baby's woolen socks on and put him to sleep. Prepare for the foot bath infusion of birch leaves and pine needles. Spread a tablespoon of each herb with two liters of boiling water and boil for five minutes. Insist herbs an hour, pour into a basin and dilute to a temperature of 30-40 degrees. The child should sit next to the basin, putting his feet in it, so that the water reaches the knees. Do a bath for 20 minutes, after which the baby needs to be put to bed.

KakProsto.ru