Treatment of bronchitis in pregnancy

Symptoms and treatment of bronchitis in pregnant women

With the onset of autumn and winter, ARI epidemics come to the cities. Microscopic aggressors do not spare anyone. During an epidemic outbreak, all categories of the population suffer from the disease: children and adults, pregnant women and the elderly. The target for viruses is the respiratory system and its airway pathways - bronchi. ARI is often complicated by bronchitis, including in pregnant women. What if acute bronchitis developed during pregnancy?

Future mothers have certain questions:

• What means can you treat pregnant women, and what is better to give up?
• How safe are the preparations for the future child, which usually treat bronchitis?

How is acute bronchitis manifested?

The cause that causes acute bronchitis in humans, most often there are viruses. When immunity is weakened, bacteria are added to the viruses as pathogens. Symptoms characterizing acute bronchitis: cough dry or productive, chills, fever, sweating, general weakness, sometimes shortness of breath.

To cure bronchitis, apply a variety of medications: antiviral, antibacterial, expectorant, antipyretics. Treatment of bronchitis in pregnant women has peculiarities in connection with the increased requirements of drug safety for the future child.

A rule applies throughout the world: no medicine is allowed for practical use without first checking the experimental animals for its harmful effects on the fetus. Nevertheless, about 5% of congenital defects in infants are due to the intake of drugs by their mothers during pregnancy.

What are the features of the use of drugs in pregnant women?

The mother's body, the placenta and the fetus exist as a single system. To treat bronchitis in pregnant women you need to consider such facts:

• No medicine should be considered completely safe for the child, because the placenta misses substances with a mass of the molecule up to 1 thousand. Dalton, and sometimes even larger ones. The permeability of the placenta for drugs rises to 32-35 weeks of pregnancy, and stressful situations and toxicosis strengthen it.
• The expected benefit from the drug should exceed the estimated harm from not prescribing the drug or from its side effects for both the mother and the fetus.
• The therapeutic effect of the drug in pregnant women and the fetus may vary significantly.
• Some drugs have a negative effect on the fetus in a remote period.
• The duration of the effect of the drug on the fetus, including side effects, is much greater than on the mother's own organism.

During fetal development of the fetus, critical gaps are identified. In these time intervals there is an increased risk of defects and anomalies in response to the influence of harmful factors.

Critical periods of intrauterine development of the child:

1. Period before implantation of blastula in the wall of the uterus (1 week of pregnancy). This period of high risk of harmful effects of drugs, which manifests itself in the death of the embryo before the fact of pregnancy is established.
2. The period of embryonic development (2-4 weeks of pregnancy). At this stage, drugs can have toxic effects on the embryo.
3. The period preceding the birth. Drugs prescribed for a pregnant woman can affect the course of labor and worsen the adaptation of a newborn to new conditions of life outside the womb of the mother.

Treatment of bronchitis in pregnancy with drugs should take into account these features of growth and development of the fetus in the womb.

Some information on the effects of antibiotics on the fetus

Coughing up purulent sputum is a sign of the transition of a viral infection into purulent bronchitis, is an indication for prescribing antibacterial treatment. What antibiotics can you treat bronchitis in pregnant women?

The use of large doses of tetracycline in the 3 trimester of pregnancy can cause acute yellow dystrophy of the fetal liver. The use of small doses of tetracyclines in the third trimester of pregnancy causes the coloring of the child's teeth in yellow, their underdevelopment, as well as the slowing down of the formation of the skeleton.

Cephalosporins and penicillins also penetrate the placenta, but do not have a toxic effect. When allergic to penicillins, purulent bronchitis in a pregnant woman is treated with drugs of the macrolide group (erythromycin and its derivatives).

Antibiotics - aminoglycosides (streptomycin, kanamycin, gentamicin) quickly pass through the placenta and are capable of to exert a toxic effect on the nervous system and the organ of hearing the fetus, as well as disrupt the processes of bone formation skeleton.

There are no reports of embryotoxic action of levomycetin in the scientific literature, but after its application in 3 trimester of pregnancy in a newborn can develop a "gray collapse" - a sharp decline in blood pressure pressure.

In the III trimester of pregnancy, long-acting sulfanylamides (biseptol, trimethoprim) can not be used. These drugs are firmly connected with plasma proteins, displacing bilirubin, which causes jaundice in a newborn. Co-trimoxazole disrupts the exchange of folic acid, which is responsible for hematopoiesis both in the mother and in the fetus. Metronidazole and biseptol are not used in early pregnancy because of the high risk of embryotoxic action.

With the use of analgesics and antipyretics in the 3rd trimester of pregnancy, complications in the form of overstretch pregnancy, bleeding in the mother and fetus, premature closure of the botallova (arterial) duct with the formation of pulmonary hypertension in a child. Most often, indomethacin and voltaren (diclofenac) exhibit this effect.

Medications

All medications should be prescribed by doctors, before what use of this or that medication you should first consult your doctor!

During pregnancy, when necessary to treat purulent inflammation in the bronchi appoint penicillins, cephalosporins, new macrolides (josamycin, spiramycin, rovamycin), lincomycin, fusidine.

If it is necessary to take antipyretics, it is recommended to use short doses of drugs for a short time. Relatively safe are paracetamol and small doses of acetylsalicylic acid.

As expectorants for pregnant women, it is best to use medicinal herbs (except for lemongrass) and warm alkaline drink. If bronchitis occurs with obstructive syndrome, then solutions of ipratropium (atrovent) and salbutamol are allowed for the elimination of dyspnea, for inhalations through a nebulizer.

How to prevent bronchitis?

In order not to have to treat bronchitis during pregnancy, we must try to avoid contact with patients with ARI, use the means of barrier protection (mask, spray "Nazaval"), pre-apply the course of drugs-immunomodulators (IRS-19). Consult an obstetrician / gynecologist and therapist for an individual selection of protection measures against infection with ARI.

ingalin.ru

Bronchitis in pregnancy - symptoms and treatment

Pregnancy is a wonderful period of life, but there are situations when it does not go without different respiratory diseases, more often in cold and wet weather. During pregnancy, immunity often decreases, which leads to a risk of colds. The course of bronchitis in pregnant women is peculiar to have their own distinctive features, as well as treatment.

How does bronchitis develop in pregnant women?

Often the development of bronchitis in pregnant women is a consequence of the virus or bacteria, in rare cases, an allergic reaction. On the upper mucosal airways of a woman get microorganisms that multiply and cause local edema, various inflammation or circulatory disorders. Under certain conditions, the inflammation that has appeared can develop, as a result of which it spreads to the bronchi and causes the secretion of viscous bronchial mucus. Stagnation of bronchial mucus and impaired blood circulation in viral bronchitis grows into a heavier purulent form. Cough, which is caused by irritation of the bronchi with mucus, can be very dangerous for pregnant women, as it is accompanied by tension of the abdominal muscles.

Symptoms of bronchitis in pregnant women

Most often, the acute form of bronchitis in pregnant women appears due to the usual acute respiratory viral infection (ARVI). Symptoms are general malaise, increased fatigue, a sharp decrease in appetite, a slight increase in body temperature. A nose may also be stuffy and a slight cough may occur. When the onset of bronchitis appears dry irritable cough, and there are pains in the chest. Only a week later, a small amount of sputum is released, which softens the cough. This sputum is mucous or mucopurulent. in some cases, can join bronchospasm, which is characterized by difficulty breathing and coughing. The disease can last up to 4 weeks. For pregnancy, bronchitis has virtually no effect, only there is a small chance of contracting a fetus infection inside the womb. To prevent this, bronchitis should be treated effectively and in a timely manner.

Symptoms of chronic bronchitis in pregnant women is a periodic cough with a rather small sputum, while the general condition is satisfactory, like body temperature. During the course of chronic bronchitis, pregnancy can become a serious risk factor, as the chance of infection of the fetus increases significantly. From the violation of respiratory function and lack of oxygen in the chronic form of bronchitis in pregnant women, there is a threat of termination of pregnancy, fetal hypoxia or premature birth.

Treatment of acute bronchitis in pregnant women with natural remedies

When detecting bronchitis in pregnant women at the initial stage, it is recommended to observe the bed regime, drink plenty of mineral water and liquids (preferably warm: tea with lemon, honey and etc.). Drinking can temporarily soften the unpleasant sensation in the throat, and also facilitate expectoration. For effective expectoration of sputum, it is possible to carry out inhalation with a soda solution. To reduce dry cough at the initial stage of bronchitis, it is necessary to drink a decoction or a special potion of althea root.

Treatment of bronchitis in pregnant women by traditional means

For effective removal of bronchospasm, use of euphyllin and ephedrine, and also use inhalations with ipratropium bromide, but only starting from the second trimester. To dilute viscous mucus and cough softens in acute bronchitis, various expectorants medicines, which must be consulted before taking highly qualified doctor. These medicines are divided into two main groups: for expectoration and for liquefaction of sputum. The first group of drugs prescribed for pregnant women with bronchitis include various potions of thermopsis or ipecacuanas (which can cause signs of nausea in pregnant women). Permitted for pregnant women with diluting sputum are: bromhexine. Quite popular today are drugs based on ambroxol, which are allowed to pregnant women in the 2nd and 3rd trimester, only if the benefit of such treatment will exceed the risk for the fetus.

Fortunately, bronchitis in pregnant women in many cases can be cured without using antibacterial drugs. Antibacterial agents are necessary only in cases of severe or purulent bronchitis.

Application of inhalation. It is important to remember:

- inhalation should be done only after two hours after eating, because it is at this time circulation in the upper part of the respiratory tract is the most optimal for effective access medicinal products;

Taking a deep breath. It is necessary to hold your breath for a couple of seconds, after which you need to exhale sufficiently;

- inhalation should not be more than 15 minutes;

- After the inhalation is recommended not to eat or drink for about an hour.

In pregnancy, it is forbidden to use expectorants, which are based on iodine, since these drugs have an unfavorable and damaging effect on the development of the fetus.

medportal.su

Than to treat a bronchitis at pregnancy?

Unfortunately, future mothers are not completely immune from various diseases. Moreover, during the period of bearing the baby immunity is significantly reduced, so "getting" the virus becomes even easier. However, the treatment of pregnant women and women is complicated by the fact that most traditional medicines at this time are contraindicated.

One of the rather serious and dangerous ailments that can affect, including, and expectant mothers, is bronchitis. This disease is necessary and necessary to treat as soon as possible in order to prevent the development of such serious complications as pneumonia and respiratory failure.

In this article, we will tell you what to treat bronchitis during pregnancy to get rid of its unpleasant symptoms as quickly as possible and not harm the future baby.

Than to treat a bronchitis at pregnant women?

Treatment of bronchitis during pregnancy in 1, 2 and 3 trimester will be slightly different. In the first 3 months of the waiting period for the baby, the use of any medication, especially from the group of antibiotics, can have the most severe and irreversible consequences. That is why, for mild illness, treatment of bronchitis in pregnant women in the first trimester is carried out at home, and if to him symptoms of severe intoxication are added or a danger of complications arises, the expectant mother is necessarily placed in hospital.

When treating in an outpatient setting in the first 3 months of an "interesting" position of a woman, she needs to drink as much as possible. To do this, any mineral alkaline water, decoctions of some medicinal herbs, black and green tea with honey and lemon, warm milk will do.

To get rid of debilitating cough apply expectorant drugs based on the root of the althaea. In addition, if the cough is dry, you can use Sinupret drops, thermopsis-based medicines,

as well as alkaline inhalation with soda, camphor or thyme oil. When coughing with difficulty breathing, it is possible to use drugs such as Tonzylgon or Euphyllin.

If bronchitis in pregnant women occurs with complications in the 2nd and 3rd trimester, its treatment necessarily includes antibiotic therapy. Such medications can only be used for the doctor's prescription and strictly in accordance with his recommendations. Usually, in such a situation, cephalosporins and semisynthetic penicillins are prescribed. Antibiotics tetracycline for pregnant women with bronchitis are not appointed, because they can be very dangerous.

WomanAdvice.ru

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