Fermentation in the intestines

Fermentation in the intestines causes spasms, heaviness and bloating. The process can be triggered by the use of products that lead to increased gas production or increasing the acidity of the gastric juice, which is why it inactivates the digestive enzymes.

If the reason is in the diet, then if the dietary recommendations are followed, the gas in the intestine will stop. But if the exclusion from the menu of some products does not lead to the desired result, it indicates the development of pathology of the gastrointestinal tract.

Why does the process begin in the intestine?

Fermentation and putrefaction are two processes, because of which gases are released in the intestines, but they are caused by various factors. Fermentation is an oxidation-reduction process leading to the formation of alcohol, organic acids, acetone and other organic substances, and in addition, carbon dioxide and hydrogen.

Fermentation is characteristic of carbohydrates( organic compounds of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen).Rotting occurs under the influence of microbes, in the process of the decomposition of organic nitrogen-containing compounds are formed ptomains that have toxic properties.

Rotting takes place in the large intestine, as there are conditions for the existence of putrefactive bacteria. Thus, carbohydrates that have found themselves in the large intestine wander and at the same time secrete gases( carbon dioxide and hydrogen), and the proteins rot and form gaseous ammonia.

The cleavage of carbohydrates begins in the oral cavity under the action of saliva enzymes( amylase and maltase).The process continues in the duodenum, where the intestinal and pancreatic juice breaks down the carbohydrate to glucose, which will then be oxidized in cells to water and carbon dioxide or converted to fat or glycogen.

With normal digestion, all food found in the stomach and small intestine must be cleaved by hydrolytic enzymes, with the exception of water, vitamins and minerals that penetrate the bloodstream unchanged.

In the large intestine receives only a liquid residue consisting of water and indigestible substances, for example, cellulose, for the cleavage of which in the human body there is no enzyme.

Because carbohydrates do not split in the large intestine, a fermentation process appears that promotes increased gas production of

. Proteins and carbohydrates should not enter the large intestine, but they do penetrate here if there is pancreatic insufficiency or gastric secretion is impaired. Diseases of the small intestine can contribute to the fact that starch is not broken down.

Therefore, fermentation in the large intestine, however, like decay, is a sign of a disruption in the function of the organs responsible for the breakdown of carbohydrates or proteins, or the result of too much consumption of products containing an indigestible component.

If carbohydrates and proteins do not break up completely and end up in the large intestine, they are oxidized or destroyed by bacteria by fermentation. As a result of the process, methane, carbon dioxide, hydrogen, lactic and acetic acid, toxins are released. They damage the walls of the intestines and lead to their stretching.

How fermentation in the intestines affects the body

Normal is considered if in the intestine up to 0.9 liters of gas. Intensified gas formation( flatulence) leads to pain and heaviness in the abdominal region, bloating, and stool disruption. Episodic accumulation of gas happens during normal functioning of the gastrointestinal tract, for example, after products that increase gas production, or as a result of overeating, when there was not enough time to digest food.

But if the flatulence worries constantly, then this indicates a pathology of the stomach, small intestine or pancreas. And the reasons can be organic or functional. Thus, flatulence can occur as a consequence:

• microflora disorders. If the number of opportunistic microorganisms in the intestine exceeds the number of beneficial bacteria, digestion of food occurs with increased gas production;
• deterioration of the elimination of gases. It happens if there is something that acts as a barrier to the gas. It can be a tumor, fecal stones, helminths;
• decreased peristalsis. The movement of food is slowed, so the process of fermentation begins;
• dysphagia. The stomach and intestines can receive air through the mouth during swallowing. Some of this air comes out through the mouth( burp), and some remain and can cause discomfort.

Increased gasification leads to the appearance of:

• abdominal pain( caused by distention of the intestinal wall or its spasm);
• bloat( arises from the increase in the abdomen);
• rumbling( gas mixed with liquid intestinal contents);
• burps( if fermentation or decay begins in the stomach, then the air can escape through the mouth with an unpleasant odor);
• nausea( due to contained toxins and products of incomplete food degradation);
• chronic constipation( if the balance of the intestinal microflora is broken and there is a lack of mineral salts and an excess of undigested food, the composition of stools is disrupted, which leads to a slowing of the food movement through the intestines);
• chronic diarrhea( arises from the fact that the toxic contents of the large intestine causes increased secretion of water and electrolytes in the lumen of the intestine).

Fermentation and rotting in the intestine, which promotes increased gas production, accompanies many diseases. Among them are fermentopathies, gastritis, peptic ulcer, cholelithiasis, dysbacteriosis, colitis, pancreatitis, Crohn's disease, cholecystitis, cirrhosis, tumors, adhesions.

If fermentation in the intestines results from excessive consumption of carbohydrates, especially fiber, then talk about fermentation dyspepsia. The disease occurs if a person adheres to a diet that restricts the consumption of protein and fatty foods. To the causes of the disease is also attributed to insufficient chewing food, lack of enzymes, increased peristalsis.

In the absence of certain enzymes or their inactivity, individual intolerance of certain

products develops. If lactase is not synthesized, then cow's milk is not split in the body. The protein enters the large intestine in an unchanged form, where it begins to decompose, causing increased formation of water, gas and affecting the microflora.

It is necessary to consult a gastroenterologist if, in addition to flatulence, there are the following symptoms:

• nausea and vomiting;
• skin discoloration and sclera;
• sharp weight loss;
• bloating on the background of medication;
• abdominal pain appears regardless of the type of food consumed.

How to affect the intensity of fermentation

To eliminate fermentation in the intestine, first of all, you need to balance the nutrition. It is necessary to limit the use of products that enhance gas formation. These are beans, peas, lentils, cabbage, radish, radish, raw vegetables and fruits, coffee, cocoa.

Diet is required regardless of what caused the gas formation of

. Spice and spices such as pepper, rosemary, cumin, thyme, vinegar can also contribute to meteorism. Increases the release of gas in the intestines because of foods that contain sugar and starch, so you should abandon the sweet, flour, potatoes, fresh bread.

The menu should be low-fat meat and fish, sour-milk products, cottage cheese, cereals, soups, eggs. Can help cope with excessive gas generation of herbal decoctions of dill, chamomile, walnut leaves, lemon balm, peppermint or pomegranate.

And although some restrictions are introduced, but still a person should consume enough protein, fat and carbohydrates. Lactic acid bacteria destroy putrid bacteria that colonize the large intestine, and fiber and food rich in pectin increases intestinal motility and helps to remove toxins and toxins from the body.

Will help to balance a diet nutritionist. In addition to reviewing the diet itself, it is also necessary to pay attention to the diet. It is recommended to eat in small portions, but often. Optimum four times a day, with approximately the same time intervals.

So, the food will be more qualitatively digested. The process of splitting carbohydrates begins in the mouth, so the food should be thoroughly chewed. Physical exercise improves digestion, as it accelerates intestinal motility and relieves emotional tension.

Accelerating the flow of gases therapeutic gymnastics that accelerates peristalsis

Strong fermentation in the intestine leads to a decrease in the production of protective mucus of the intestine, the formation of coprolites( fecal stones), the growth of pathogenic microflora that emit dangerous gases that give a strong load on the liver.

Drug treatment of increased gas accumulation in the intestine

When treating fermentation in the intestine, medication may be required. With severe flatulence, symptomatic therapy is prescribed, which eliminates symptoms such as stool discomfort, nausea, abdominal pain, spasms. But to get rid of the problem you need to understand its cause and take measures to eliminate it.

For the normalization of the intestinal microflora, preparations containing beneficial bacteria or those that promote their reproduction are used. Probiotics putrefactive and gas-forming bacteria are depressed, which helps normalize the digestive and absorption functions.

The drug can be from lactobacilli( Lactobacillus, acidophilus, Extralact), bifidobacteria( Bifidumbacterin, Bifikol, Bifiform), multicomponent( Linex).With the elimination of the process of fermentation and decay, flatulence is eliminated, immunity rises, normal intestinal flora is restored.

Sometimes, to eliminate fermentation in the intestine, it may be necessary to take enterosorbents. They will clean the walls of the intestines from accumulated toxins and toxins, reduce bloating and help to eliminate other dyspeptic disorders. Used Enterosgel, Kaopectat, Attapulgite, Polyphepanum.

Adsorbents should be taken some time after taking other medications, as they can reduce their effectiveness. Long-term intake of the adsorbent leads to impoverishment of the body with vitamins, proteins and fats, it can provoke constipation.

Enzyme preparations improve digestion. They contain ingredients that help break down proteins, fats and carbohydrates to simple compounds. The medication is taken not as a substitute for enzymes, but with the goal of creating functional dormancy for the pancreas.

It is recommended to take medications with a moderate content of lipolytic enzymes and with a sufficient amount of proteolytic enzymes. In this case Festal is suitable. Enzyme drugs include Pancreatin, Mezim, Creon. They will help to eliminate the severity in the stomach after overeating. These medications are prescribed by a doctor. Accepted with food or immediately after, they should not be chewed.

Any drugs, even probiotics, should be taken only as prescribed by the doctor.

Defoamers will reduce the surface tension of gas molecules, which will facilitate their removal by natural means( they burst or suck).The preparation is made of silicon. It acts only on gas molecules, is not absorbed by cells and does not affect the mucosa.

This group includes dimethicone( Zeolate) and simethicone( Espumizan, Dysfatil).They are recommended to be taken after a meal and before bedtime. Vetrogone funds will help normalize the activity of the digestive tract, reduce decay and fermentation.

Infusion of dill fruits removes spasm, has anti-inflammatory, choleretic and carminative properties, increases the secretion of digestive glands. Infusion of cumin improves the tone and motility of the gastrointestinal tract, kills bacteria. Fennel improves intestinal motility, has an antibacterial effect, relieves inflammation.

Fermentation in the large intestine indicates a lack of enzymes, which can be a symptom of a pancreatic disease, stomach, small intestine, liver, or the process is caused by eating habits, which can lead to pathologies first in the large intestine, and then overlying organs of the gastrointestinal tract.

Therefore, in case of increased gas production, it is necessary to consult a gastroenterologist and a nutritionist to find out the causes of flatulence and adjust the diet.