Broad-spectrum antibiotics for colds

Names of antibiotics for colds and flu

In the treatment of respiratory diseases, direct-acting drugs are used that affect the cause of the disease. They depress the pathogens. Such therapy is called etiologic. In the fight against the flu and cold the main thing is right - to choose the right medication. Some people, trying to get better sooner, begin to drink strong antibiotics from a cold at the first symptoms of ARVI. Is it correct?

When it is necessary to drink antibiotics for colds and flu

In most cases, respiratory diseases are caused by viruses to which antibacterial drugs do not work. Therefore, their reception from the first day of the disease is not justified. Therapy of respiratory diseases with antibiotics is justified, if on the 5th-6th day of the course of the flu or cold, the person's state of health is consistently poor. As a rule, these are symptoms of bacterial infection, which provokes the development of purulent sore throat, acute bronchitis, pneumonia.

Signs of complications of the flu and colds:

• after the onset of acute respiratory viral infection, the body temperature rises sharply after 5-6 days;
• general health worsens, fever, coughing, shortness of breath;
• pain in the throat, chest area, ears;
• enlarged lymph nodes.

When treating colds and flu with antibiotics, do not interrupt treatment while improving well-being. People who commit such a mistake then suffer twice as much. In this case, the improvement of a person's condition does not mean that the disease has passed. The batch of bacteria under the influence of antibiotics died, but another part of them adapts to the drug and begins to attack the weakened organism with new strength. This leads to a new round of disease with subsequent complications.

What antibiotics are better for taking cold?

For the treatment of respiratory diseases, bactericidal preparations are used to destroy pathogenic microorganisms. Antibiotics in the fight against colds and influenza are given the role of heavy artillery when there is a risk of acute complications. For treatment of respiratory diseases, three main groups of antibacterial drugs are used:

1. penicillinic - ampiox, augmentin, amoxaplav;
2. cephalosporins - cefotaxime, cefpyr, cefazolin;
3. macrolides - roxithromycin, azithromycin, clarithromycin.

List of effective antibiotics for adults

For colds of bacterial origin, doctors prescribe antibiotics in extreme cases. Prolonged cough, prolonged angina, severe fever, stably high body temperature - these are alarming signs of the development of an acute disease. In this case, traditional antiviral drugs, immunostimulants, vitamins and medicinal herbs are powerless. For effective therapy, you need to know which antibiotic is better for a cold to an adult:

• amoxicillin;
• arlet;
• fleumoclave;
• rovamycin;
• azithromycin;
• hemomycin;
• suprax;
• cefepime;
• erythromycin;
• levofloxacin.

Names of good drugs for children

To treat bacterial diseases at an early age, antibiotics are used in extreme cases. With pneumonia, acute otitis, purulent angina, resulting from a respiratory illness, it is justified to take such drugs. The form of antibiotics is prescribed depending on the age of the child. Breastfeeding - drugs in pricks, older children - in pills. Babies do not always make injections, it is allowed to open the ampoule and give the child a medicine in the proper dosage. Baby antibiotics for colds:

• ampicillin;
• flemoxin solute;
• moximac;
• avelox;
• augmentin;
• zinnat;
• Macropen;
• gt;
• esparoxy;
• alpha normix.

Often parents mistakenly believe that antibiotic therapy is necessary for the successful treatment of influenza and colds in children. This is a misconception about the effect of antibiotics on the baby's body. In viral infections in children, the prescription of these drugs is unreasonable even at high temperatures, which persists for a long time.

Treatment with antibiotics of children leads to dysbiosis, weakening of the immune system, anemia. To conduct antibacterial therapy for babies is advisable exclusively in critical situations. For example, when there is aerobic streptococcal angina, acute otitis media, pneumonia, inflammation of the paranasal sinuses. The use of antibiotics to treat children with colds and flu without complications is justified when:

• expressed signs of reduced resistance to the body - a constant subfertile body temperature, frequent cold and viral diseases, HIV, oncology, congenital disorders of immunity;
• rachitis, malformations of general development, lack of weight;
• the presence in the history of the child of chronic recurrent otitis media.

Gentle medications for treating colds in pregnant women

When treating complications of respiratory disease in a woman in a position or nursing mother, take into account the effects of the antibiotic on the development of the fetus. For treatment select sparing antibacterial drugs. To find the right medicine, the doctor identifies the causative agent of the disease, its resistance to various drugs. If it is impossible to conduct such a study, prescribe sparing antibiotics for pregnant women:

• ampicillin;
• oxacillin;
• cefazolin;
• erythromycin;
• azithromycin;
• bioparox;
• minocycline;
• oxam;
• ericcicline;
• ristomycin.

To treat influenza and colds in pregnant and lactating mothers, in order to avoid the occurrence of dysbiosis, it is advisable to take drugs in the form of injections. To avoid allergic reactions, the use of antibiotic therapy is combined with antihistamines. From the diet of pregnant and lactating women, chocolate, citrus and coffee are excluded.

List of broad-spectrum antibiotics

In bacterial therapy for the treatment of complications of influenza and cold prescribe drugs aimed at inhibiting groups of pathogens. Such drugs are called broad-spectrum antibiotics. They help to cure the complications of influenza and acute respiratory disease. Cheap tablets are effective, as are expensive ones. These types of drugs are dispensed in pharmacies without a prescription. Before taking the drug, read the instructions and read reviews about antibiotics. A good drug has a small number of side effects. Antibiotics of a wide spectrum of action:

• amosin;
• beccampicillin;
• ospamox;
• eco-ball;
• zinforo;
• kefelim;
• flamixi;
• cefodox;
• klatsid;
• oleterin.

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What antibiotics for colds are effective for adults, the child: the list and the names

Antibiotics for colds are prescribed by a doctor in the case when the human body can not independently cope with the infection.

Usually dangerous signals of attack by malignant bacteria is the body temperature rise to a mark more than 38 ° C, as well as a runny nose, reddened throat and other symptoms, often accompanying a cold: inflammation of the mucous eyes, perspiration in the throat, shortness of breath, dry cough, headache, etc. Antibacterial drugs will help cope with bacteria, but appoint their reception should be exclusively a medical specialist, because uncontrolled self-medication with antibiotics can adversely affect the health rights.

Treatment of colds with antibiotics

Antibiotics for colds are necessary in extreme cases, when immunity does not cope with the pathogens that attacked the human body. Many of us, at the first symptoms of a cold, are wondering what antibiotic to take, perceiving it as a miracle cure for all diseases. However, this is a profound misconception, since it is shown to use antiviral drugs to treat influenza and acute respiratory diseases drugs, and only in the case when the patient's condition worsened and the bacterial infection "connected the correctly selected antibiotic. Thus, it is unacceptable to drink an antibiotic at the first sign of a cold!

Treatment of the common cold with antibiotics should be rational, and for this it is necessary to consult an experienced doctor who will determine the severity of the patient's condition and prescribe the antibacterial drug that will be most effective in a particular the case.

Colds (ARVI) can be considered a rather insidious disease, which manifests itself regardless of age, state of human health, as well as weather conditions. Acute respiratory disease is one of the most common diseases worldwide and without complications lasts an average of a week. Usually adults suffer from a cold on average two or three times a year. To date, physicians have more than two hundred viruses that cause inflammation of the respiratory system. It should be noted that the common cold refers to infectious diseases - it can be transmitted by airborne droplets and often affects bronchi, trachea, lungs. The viral infection lives longer in mucus than in air or a dry place. In order to start treatment on time, one should objectively assess the patient's condition. The main symptoms of a cold are:

• inflammation of the lymph nodes, which manifests itself in the form of seals on the back of the neck, behind the ears, under the lower jaw, when pressed, the patient has painful sensations;
• abundant discharge of mucus from the nose (runny nose), stuffy nose, and unusual dryness of its mucosa;
• sore throat, dry cough, hoarse voice;
• redness of the eyes and lacrimation;
• increase in body temperature from 37 to 38.5 ° C;
• indigestion, nausea and vomiting (with rotavirus damage to the body).

The cold never runs asymptomatically, therefore at the first signs of its development it is necessary to consult a doctor to prevent possible complications in time.

For the treatment of a cold, an accurate diagnosis is needed, which will allow you to choose the optimal medicine, i.e. antibiotic. Each group of antibacterial drugs is designed to treat a particular type of bacteria, so an antibiotic is prescribed depending on the lesion. For example, with inflammation of the respiratory tract, it is necessary to choose a drug that effectively fights bacteria that cause inflammatory processes in the respiratory organs: for example, Amoxiclav, Amoxicillin, Augmentin (ie antibiotics of penicillin group). With various respiratory diseases, such as pneumonia, it is necessary to take into account that they are caused by bacteria, most of which are very resistant to penicillin. For this reason, it is best to use Levofloxacin or Avelox to treat this disease. Antibiotics group cephalosporins (Supraks, Zinnat, Zinatsef) will help cure bronchitis, pleurisy, pneumonia, and macrolides (Sumamed, Hemomycin) will cope with atypical pneumonia, which causes chlamydia and mycoplasma.

Treatment for a cold with antibiotics should depend on the category of the disease. In ARVI, first of all, it is necessary to use antiviral drugs, t. they purposefully influence the immunity, strengthening it and helping to cope with the virus attack. Antibiotics with this diagnosis are useless, and this is contraindicated by doctors. The earlier treatment of acute respiratory viral infection with an effective antiviral drug began, the more likely it is to finish it. However, if the cold is caused by a bacterial infection, antibiotics should not be neglected. In this case, it is very important to pay attention in time to the condition of your own organism and to find out the exact cause of the onset of the cold in order to choose the most optimal antibacterial drug. After all, antibiotics should be treated very seriously, because they can not only help, but also harm in case of wrong choice. So, it is necessary to clearly define the limits that determine when antibiotics can be prescribed, and in which cases it is impossible. In our time, indications for antibiotic therapy are:

• purulent tonsillitis (sore throat);
• laryngotracheitis;
• purulent otitis (inflammation of the middle ear);
• suppurative sinusitis (purulent frontitis or sinusitis);
• purulent lymphadenitis;
• pneumonia, pneumonia.

Antibiotics for pregnant women with colds

Antibiotics for colds, as effective medicines, suppressing the growth of pathogens microorganisms, occur only in cases of complications caused by the development in the body of bacterial infection. Their use makes it possible to suppress the growth of not only pathogenic bacteria, but also certain fungi, thereby facilitating the life of a patient with a cold. One should remember the danger of self-treatment with antibacterial agents, especially when it comes to children and pregnant women. In such cases, it is necessary to take antibiotics as responsibly as possible, following only the recommendations and competent appointments of an experienced doctor.

Antibiotics for pregnant women with colds should be chosen in view of their effect on the fetus and only in those extreme cases that do require the use of these drugs. To select the most suitable antibiotic for the treatment of a pregnant woman, you should first determine the causative agent of the disease, as well as to reveal its sensitivity to one or another drug. If it is impossible to conduct such a study, antibiotics of a broad spectrum of action are usually prescribed. The most harmless for the body of the mother and child are the antibiotics of the penicillin series (for example, Ampicillin, Oxacillin, etc.), as well as cephalosporins (eg, Cefazolin) and some macrolides (among them, Erythromycin and Azithromycin). It is these drugs that doctors give preference to when prescribing treatment for pregnant women.

The dosage of an antibiotic for a pregnant woman is determined by a doctor, usually it does not differ from the dosage of the drug for the rest. A future mother should carefully follow the recommendations of the doctor and in no case should not reduce the dose of the medicine, tk. this can provoke the opposite effect: in This situation, the antibiotic will not have such an effective action aimed at the destruction of microbes, and can not completely suppress the bacterial infection.

Be sure to take into account the fact that antibiotics maximize their effectiveness only in the treatment of infectious diseases of bacterial origin. In other cases, they are not able to provide the desired action and can even harm the body. For example, antibacterial drugs will be powerless when:

• ARVI and influenza (in this case, the diseases are caused by viruses, for the destruction of which it is necessary to use antiviral drugs);
• inflammatory processes (antibiotics are not anti-inflammatory drugs);
• elevated temperature (do not confuse the effect of antibiotics with the action of antipyretic and analgesic drugs);
• coughing in pregnant women in those cases if it is caused by a viral infection, an allergic reaction, development of bronchial asthma, but not the action of microorganisms;
• intestinal disorders.

If we consider the impact of antibiotics on the fetus, then according to the results of numerous medical studies, that these drugs do not provoke the development of any birth defects in the child and do not affect his genetic apparatus. But at the same time, some groups of antibacterial drugs have so-called. embryotoxic effect, i.e. can lead to a violation of the function of the kidneys of the fetus, the bookmark of the teeth, affect the auditory nerve, and cause a number of other adverse changes.

Antibiotics for pregnant women with a cold have the most unfavorable effect on the fetus in I trimester of pregnancy, so if there is such a possibility, treatment is recommended to be transferred to II trimester. However, if there is an urgent need for such treatment, the physician should appoint a future mum antibiotics with the lowest degree of toxicity, as well as strictly monitor the condition of the pregnant women.

What antibiotics to drink for a cold?

Antibiotics for colds should be used according to the doctor's recommendations in those cases when the patient's condition indicates the development of complications, such as tonsillitis, purulent sinusitis, pneumonia. However, first of all, with a cold, you need to use proven folk remedies and drink antiviral drugs, the action of which is directed at the destruction of a viral infection. Do not resort to antibiotics if the cause of the disease is not established. It is necessary to weigh all the factors "for" and "against" the intake of antibacterial drugs, taking into account their side effects and possible complications.

What antibiotics to drink with a cold, only the doctor knows, who will determine the degree and type of complications caused by a cold, and then prescribe the antibiotic of the corresponding group:

• Penicillins (Augmentin, Ampicillin, etc.) have a pronounced bactericidal effect and are effective in treating bacterial infections and severe forms of ENT diseases (angina, purulent otitis, sinusitis, pneumonia and etc.). The action of these antibacterial drugs is aimed at destroying the walls of bacteria, which causes their death. A positive feature of penicillins is their low level of toxicity, so they have found wide application in pediatrics.
• Cephalosporins have an active bactericidal action aimed at destroying the bacterial cell membrane. Usually antibiotics of this group are prescribed for the treatment of pleurisy, bronchitis, pneumonia and are injected (intravenously or intramuscularly), only cephalexins are taken orally. They cause less allergic reactions than penicillins, but in rare cases, there are allergic manifestations, as well as disruption of the kidneys.
• Macrolides (azalides and ketolides) have an active bacteriostatic effect and are effective in treating atypical pneumonia. The first macrolide was Erythromycin, which was used by patients with an allergic reaction to penicillins.
• Fluoroquinolones (Levofloxacin, etc.) are used to kill gram-negative bacteria (mycoplasma, pneumococcus, chlamydia, E. coli). Quickly penetrating the cells, they hit the microbes that are there. Today they are the most nontoxic antibacterial drugs that do not cause allergies and are safe to use.

To find out what antibiotics to drink in case of a cold in this or that case, you should consult a medical specialist. For example, for the treatment of various infectious and inflammatory diseases in our time often prescribed drug Flemoxin Solutab, containing amoxicillin. In bronchitis, pharyngitis, acute tonsillitis and otitis, pneumonia and a number of other infectious and inflammatory diseases, a Suprapax preparation may be prescribed, the reception of which is necessary To conduct according to the recommendations of the doctor, tk. in the case of uncontrolled treatment of the common cold, this drug may cause adverse reactions in the form of a violation of microflora intestines. This can lead to the development of severe diarrhea or pseudomembranous colitis. An effective antimicrobial is Levomycetin, which is used for infectious diseases. Dosage of the drug and the duration of treatment, as in other cases, should be strictly established by the attending physician.

A good antibiotic for colds

Antibiotics for colds should be used if, after taking antiviral drugs in the early days of the disease, there was no improvement, especially when the patient's condition worsened: this means that, in addition to viruses, the body also attacked bacteria. Such medications are good "helpers" in ridding the human body of toxins and all sorts of pathogens microbes, but the choice of antibiotic in this or that case remains with the doctor, tk. should correspond to the indications and the flow of a specific disease. The fact is that an insufficiently strong antibacterial drug can not cope fully with complications caused by a cold or flu, and an antibiotic of "powerful" action can damage the immune system of the body.

The beginning of the use of antibiotics in medical practice dates back to 1928 and is associated with the name of the Englishman Fleming. It was he who discovered the substance "penicillin capable of leading to the death of many microbes and bacteria, and thereby made a real revolution in medicine, because since then, many previously deadly the diseases became curable: scarlet fever, pneumonia, tuberculosis, pneumonia, and the like. During the Second World War, thanks to antibiotics, doctors managed to save the lives of millions of wounded of people. To this day, these faithful "helpers" help doctors fight for the health of many patients.

A good antibiotic for a cold is a drug that is chosen in accordance with the type and course of the disease. Treatment with antibiotics should be done carefully, after consulting with a doctor who will choose the optimal drug from the four main classes of antibiotics of different action, which have proved to be effective agents in the treatment of various complications caused by bacterial infections. These classes include: penicillins (Ampicillin, Amoxicillin, Amoxiclav, Augmentin, etc.); macrolides (Azithromycin, etc.): fluoroquinolones (Levofloxacin, Moxifloxacin, etc.); cefalosporins (Cefixime, Cefuroxime, Supraks and others).

Before you start taking any medications, it is advisable to try to cope with a mild cold, using methods and recipes of traditional medicine. For example, make inhalations, foot baths, put a compress or mustard plasters. It is necessary to increase the volume of consumed liquid, and also to expand the diet with natural vitamins, i.e. fresh fruits and vegetables. At the first signs of worsening with a cold, you should immediately go to the hospital to prevent the development of complications. In the case when a bacterial infection attacks the body, it becomes necessary to urgently "connect" the antibiotic, because in this situation, in a literal sense, it is about saving a patient's life. The patient should understand that only the attending physician can prescribe an antibacterial drug, and at the same time it is necessary to strictly observe the indicated dosage, as well as the intervals of admission. Self-medication can lead to exposure to human health of significant danger.

Antibiotics for colds can have a number of negative consequences, especially when self-medication is chosen incorrectly. Among such side effects, allergy, GI disorders, dysbacteriosis, and depression of the immune system are most common.

It should also be remembered that it is not recommended to take an antibiotic for more than 5 consecutive days, but also a reduction in the period of antibiotic treatment can lead to the fact that the infection will not be eliminated from the body, and this, in turn, will cause complications in the form of failures in the heart and kidney. If after three days the patient does not feel relief of his condition, it is necessary to ask the doctor about changing the drug to another, more effective. It should also be cautious about combining other drugs with antibiotics, in such cases it is necessary to follow the recommendations of the doctor. In no case should you take an antibiotic, the expiration date of which has expired!

A good antibiotic for colds must give positive results within three days: the patient will feel better, he will have an appetite, and unpleasant symptoms will disappear.

When treating antibiotics, it is important to take care of reducing their negative effects on the body. To this end, the doctor must assign probiotics to the patient - drugs that normalize the intestinal microflora and thereby prevent the development dysbiosis, strengthen immunity, favorably affect the work of internal organs, reducing the possibility of side effects and complications.

Antibiotics for colds for children

Antibiotics for colds should be given with extreme caution to children. Such treatment should be appointed by the attending physician, to which you need to seek advice immediately after the first signs of the disease - the occurrence of a cold in the child, cough, fever. Usually, the temperature above 3 ° C indicates that the immunity of the child tries to get rid of the virus by itself, in this case the doctor prescribes antipyretic agents. If, after 3-5 days, the baby's health does not improve, and the temperature is still high, it is recommended to start reception of the corresponding antibiotic, but only strictly according to the appointment of the pediatrician and with confirmation of the bacterial nature disease.

Antibiotics for colds for children are a serious test for a growing organism, so they should not be used immediately after the onset of symptoms of the disease. If parents believe that taking a "powerful" antibiotic is the only effective method for treating ARVI or ARI is a deep delusion! The effect of antibacterial drugs on the children's body without a special reason can be very negative, and sometimes even devastating. Not to mention the use of antibiotics to treat babies, which in itself is blasphemous. Colds should be treated with antiviral drugs, the result of which usually appears not immediately, but after a 3-5-day period. However, the febrile process in children, which is most often caused by infections of the respiratory tract of the viral type, can fluctuate within 3-7 days, and sometimes even more. It should not be mistaken to believe that antibiotics are an alternative to antitussive drugs, because cough for colds is the protective reaction of the child's organism, which usually occurs last, after the disappearance of the remaining symptoms disease. The question of prescribing the treatment of a child with antibiotics is decided by an experienced pediatrician who will assess the condition of the baby and only in case of emergency will choose the optimal drug. Parents should carefully follow all the recommendations of the doctor, including about the method of taking and dosing an antibacterial drug. It is also important not to discontinue the treatment of the child before the due date.

Some antibiotics for colds for children are strictly prohibited. First and foremost, these drugs are so called. tetracycline group (Tetracyclin, Doxycycline, Minocycline, etc.), which can disrupt the process of formation of a baby tooth enamel, as well as antibacterial drugs fluorinated quinolones, having in their names the ending floxacin" (for example, Ofloxacin, Pefloxacin), which adversely affect the formation of joints in the child cartilage. In pediatrics, also taking Levomycetin, whose action is directed to the development of aplastic anemia (the process of oppression of hematopoiesis), and can lead to a fatal outcome.

Among antibacterial drugs used in pediatrics, you can note Amoxicillin, Ampicillin, Levofloxacin, Flemoxin Solutab, Moximak, Zinnat, Avelox, Amoxiclav, etc. The choice of this or that medicine depends entirely on the experience and professionalism of the child a doctor who must determine which antibiotic will be the best assistant and will benefit in treating complications after a cold in each specific case.

So, antibiotics for colds should be used to treat children only in cases of acute need. This will not lead to the desired recovery, but only exacerbate the situation, because the effect of an antibacterial drug can become destructive to the immunity of the baby, which will increase the risk of infection return.

Names of antibiotics for colds

Antibiotics for colds should be selected especially carefully, without resorting to self-medication, and having consulted a doctor who will determine the degree of complications and prescribe the most effective means. In addition, when taking antibiotics should follow these recommendations:

• in the treatment should be used only one, the most effective drug from a certain group;
• if after the first reception of the antibiotic after two days the patient's condition has not improved and the temperature has not decreased, there may be a need to change the drug;
• It is impossible to combine the antibiotic with antipyretic drugs, because they "lubricate" its effect;
• the period of antibiotic treatment should be at least 5 days, or even more. It is this length of treatment that allows the drug to fully cope with the causative agent of the infection;
• In severe cold and complications, the patient should immediately be hospitalized, and antibiotic therapy should be carried out under the supervision of the attending physician.

The names of antibiotics for colds (at least a few of them) are useful to everyone, because, in this way, a person will have at least some idea of ​​the drug that the doctor will appoint. Antibiotics have traditionally been divided into several classes:

• penicillins,
• macrolides,
• fluoroquinolones,
• cephalosporins.

The penicillin class includes such names of antibiotics as Ampicillinum, Augmentin, Amoxicillinum, Amoxiclav, and others.

The most common names for the class of macrolides are Erythromycin, Azithromycin, etc. (such drugs are considered to be the most potent in the treatment of bacterial infection). The antibiotics of the fluoroquinolone class include levofloxacin and moxifloxacin, and to the class of cephalosporins - Aksetil, Cefixim (Supraks), Cefuroxime axetil and others.

The main goal in the treatment of various infectious complications caused by a cold is to assist the body effective assistance aimed at the fastest disposal of pathogens and toxic substances. For treatment to give a quick positive result, you need to make the right choice of antibiotic, and this can only be done by an experienced doctor.

It should be remembered that antibiotics for colds are not so harmless as it may seem, they can cause a number of side effects, especially if they are not used in those cases. For example, many do not understand or simply do not know that only the antiviral can cope with a viral infection of the respiratory tract drug, and begin to use antibiotics immediately when cold symptoms such as a runny nose, cough, increased temperature. This is a great misconception, because improper intake of antibiotics can cause great harm to the already weakened immunity of a person. Such drugs are needed only to treat bacterial infections, the development of which can be caused by complications of the common cold. Usually, antibiotics are prescribed if, after 4-5 days after the onset of the disease, the patient does not experience an improvement in condition or, on the contrary, it becomes worse.

Amoxiclav for colds

Antibiotics for colds should be used purposefully, depending on the condition of the patient and the features of the course of the disease. Among the common drugs used in modern medicine, a separate place is occupied by an effective antibacterial drug Amoxiclav. It has established itself as a reliable tool for treating various complications caused by colds and other adverse factors, in particular, such as the occurrence of infections after surgical operations.

Amoksiklav for colds is successfully used in modern medicine to treat so-called. "Mixed" infections, as well as to prevent possible infection of the patient during surgical intervention. Mixed type of infection is most often caused by gram-positive and gram-negative microorganisms, as well as by anaerobes (including strains), manifested in chronic forms of otitis, sinusitis and osteomyelitis, cholecystitis, odontogenic infections, aspiration pneumonia, various infections of the abdominal cavity, and the like.

Amoksiklav - a combination of two substances: aminopenicillin, amoxicillin and clavulanic acid, which has a pronounced bactericidal effect. A detailed medical study of the microbiological properties of this preparation gives grounds to state that Amoxiclav due to the combination of the above-mentioned active substances has a depressing effect on the synthesis of bacterial walls and has a stable antibacterial effect on a host of pathogenic microorganisms: Neisseria spp., Streptococcus spp. (different groups), Staphylococcus spp., Proteus spp., Klebsiella spp., Helicobacter pylori, Moraxella catarrhalis, Acinetobacter spp., Haemophilus influenzae and many others. other

Pharmacokinetic properties of Amoxiclav indicate its pronounced advantages in comparison with other penicillins. So, after taking the drug, rapid absorption of components from the digestive tract, regardless of food intake, is observed. The maximum level of drug concentration is reached approximately 45 minutes after admission. The main way to remove the drug from the body is its release together with urine, calves, and exhaled air.

Amoxiclav for colds, due to the pronounced antimicrobial activity and unique pharmacokinetic properties, is used to treat a number of infectious diseases accompanied by inflammatory processes:

• infections of the respiratory system (in particular, acute and chronic sinusitis, bronchitis, zagrug abscess, pneumonia, etc.);
• otitis (both acute and chronic);
• infections of the skin, joints, soft tissues and bones;
• infections of the genitourinary system;
• various kinds of gynecological infections.

As for the side effects that occur when taking Amoxiclav, the drug is generally tolerated by patients normally, without any adverse reactions from the body. As a percentage, only 8-14% of the total number of patients had side effects in the form of abnormal gastrointestinal function (diarrhea, abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting). To avoid such side effects, it is recommended to reduce the dosage of the drug and take it during meals.

Antibiotics for colds are invaluable when there is an urgent need to resist the development of pathogenic microbes and bacterial infections. However, summing up, it is necessary to note again that the reception of antibiotics must be coordinated with a competent medical specialist. This is the only way to achieve high results in the treatment of post-cold complications and to minimize the risk of negative effects of antibacterial agents on human immunity.

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Antibiotics for colds: indications and specific uses

By the term "cold" is meant a whole group of diseases of the upper respiratory tract, which can be characterized by both the viral and bacterial nature of origin. As a rule, all diseases have a similar symptomatology, which in most cases is relatively easy to treat. But it does not exclude situations in which complications of the common cold develop, it is impossible to get rid of them without antibacterial drugs. Almost all people take antibiotics for colds with fear, because they are also capable of causing side effects.

In order for the treatment to only benefit the sick organism, eliminating the accompanying symptoms, it is important to choose and apply a medicinal antibacterial preparation correctly.

When you need antibacterial drugs for colds?

If in the treatment of colds on day 5 after the start of taking medicines did not come improvement of the patient's condition, it is worth considering that it is possible to join the cold with a bacterial infection. It is in such situations and it becomes mandatory to use antibiotics. Such therapeutic actions for ARVI and common cold are very important, as often their course can be complicated by the development of other diseases, such as bronchitis, tonsillitis, pneumonia.

Also indications for the use of antibiotics are such diseases as purulent tonsillitis, otitis media, purulent sinusitis - sinusitis and frontalitis, pneumonia, inflammation of the lymph nodes with the formation of pus, laryngotracheitis.

Choosing antibiotics for colds should be particularly careful, in addition, they must be taken on such recommendations:

1. It is advisable to take the drugs inside. If the drug is administered intramuscularly or intravenously, an infection can be introduced into the blood. In addition, such procedures are very traumatic for the child.
2. It is necessary to adhere to monotherapy using one antibiotic from the selected group of drugs.
3. Take only the drug that is effective. If, during its use for 48 hours, the patient's condition has not improved, and the body temperature has not decreased, it may be necessary to change the antibiotic.
4. It is forbidden to apply antipyretic drugs in parallel, as they hide the action of the antibiotic.
5. The duration of treatment should be at least 5 days, and if necessary more. For such a period, the activity of the pathogen will be suppressed. Also, experts recommend not to interrupt therapy even after the expected effect, continuing treatment for 2 more days.
6. In the severe course of a cold and the occurrence of its complications, the patient should be hospitalization, and the use of antibiotic therapy should be administered and supervised specialist.

How to choose a drug?

Many patients often face a problem caused by the fact that they do not know what antibiotics to drink in case of a cold.It is important to know that all existing antibiotics are divided into groups, each of which is designed to treat certain bacteria. That is why it is so important to make an accurate diagnosis and then choose the right drug.

Types of drugs for colds

All antibiotics used for colds are divided into the following groups:

1. Penicillins.
2. Cephalosporins.
3. Macrolides.
4. Fluoroquinolones.

Penicillins by their nature can be natural - benzylpenicillin, or synthetic - oxacillin, ampicillin. Such drugs are effective in fighting bacteria, destroying their walls, which inevitably leads to the death of a pathogenic microorganism. Virtually never in the treatment with drugs of this group there are no side effects in the form of allergies or fever. The main feature of penicillins is their low toxicity, so they can be used in high dosages, and treatment is often carried out for a long time. Because of this advantage, very often such antibiotics for colds for children are used in pediatrics.

Cephalosporins are a group of antibacterial drugs with high activity. When they penetrate into the source of infection, the bacterial membrane breaks down. These drugs are used only intramuscularly or intravenously, orally, with the exception of cephalexin. Occasionally, minor allergic reactions and impaired renal function may occur.

Macrolides used to be widely used in the treatment of those patients who had an allergy to penicillin. Such drugs are non-toxic and do not cause allergies.

Fluoroquinolones have a high activity against gram-negative bacteria. In a short time, they penetrate inside the cell and affect intracellular microbes.This is one of the safest and non-toxic antibiotics, in the treatment of which there is not even a violation of the gastrointestinal tract.

Treatment of respiratory tract

Airways

Among diseases of the respiratory tract is tracheitis, bronchitis, pleurisy, pneumonia. All of them in most cases combine two common symptoms - fever and cough. As soon as they arise, you should immediately consult a doctor for the appointment of the correct treatment. Such actions will avoid many complications.

Among the drugs effective in controlling bacteria that affect the respiratory tract, it is worth highlighting Amoxiclav, Amoxicillin, Augmentin. All these antibiotics for colds belong to the penicillin group. Some bacteria that cause respiratory diseases can be resistant to penicillin. In such cases, Avelox is prescribed, Levofloxacin is trifluoroquinolone and fluoroquinolone.

Cephalosporins are effective in diseases such as pneumonia, pleurisy and bronchitis. For these purposes, Zinatsef, Zinnat, Supraks are widely used. Atypical pneumonia, the causative agents of which are mycoplasmas and chlamydia, can be cured by Chemotin and Sumamed. Each of these drugs is the strongest antibiotic for the common cold.

Treatment of ENT diseases

The most common diseases of ENT organs are sinusitis, otitis, tonsillitis, pharyngitis, laryngitis. They can cause streptococcus, hemophilic rod, staphylococcus. In the treatment of such diseases, the following remedies are prescribed:

1. Augmentin, Ampicillin, Amoxicillin- apply with angina, frontitis, pharyngitis.
2. Azithromycin, Clarithromycin- the most effective antibiotics for colds, namely with genyantritis, pharyngitis, otitis.
3. Ceftriaxone, Cefatoxime- are used in cases when treatment with other antibacterial drugs has not brought improvements.
4. Morsifloxacin, Lefofloxacin- are used to eliminate inflammatory processes in the ENT organs.

Consequences of taking antibiotics

If improperly prescribed or treated with antibacterial drugs, many unpleasant consequences can occur. The most common side effects are:

1. Dysbacteriosis.On the mucous membranes and skin of the human body there are always bacteria that perform protective functions. When multiplying pathogenic microorganisms, beneficial bacteria do not survive. In this case, the imbalance is disturbed, which is usually manifested by candidiasis and diarrhea.
2. Stability of pathogenic microorganisms.With improper treatment, selection of more resistant bacteria takes place, which rapidly multiply in the body.
3. Allergic manifestations.Some drugs may cause an allergy in patients, which can not always be easily eliminated.

Antibiotics for colds should be prescribed exclusively by the attending physician on the basis of examination of the patient, collection of anamnesis and other studies. Antibacterial agents should in no case be used by patients without
appointment of a specialist.

NasmorkuNet.ru

Antibiotics of a wide spectrum of action of new generation: the list of tablets and nyxes

Among all drugs, antibiotics take a special place. If such medicines are of the last generation, they are detrimental to many microbes.

Modern antibiotics are applicable for the treatment of infectious diseases, which has allowed to reduce cases of lethal outcomes from pneumonia.

Thanks to antibiotics of a wide spectrum of action, the course of the ailments is facilitated, the recovery is accelerated. They are simply irreplaceable in the treatment of bronchitis, sinusitis, and a number of complex surgical interventions. Even wound infections perfectly respond to treatment with an antibiotic.

Names of effective medicines

Antibiotics of a wide spectrum of action are active in relation to microorganisms:

1. Gram-positive (provoke wound infections, mediate the onset of postoperative complications);
2. Gram-negative (pathogens of the inflammatory process in the respiratory, genitourinary, intestinal diseases).

Certain broad-spectrum antibiotics related to the last generation of drugs are effective against protozoal infections. For example, we are talking about the means of derivatives of nitroimidazole: Ornidazole, Tinidazole, Metronidazole. The most popular is the last drug in view of the affordable cost.

Metronidazole is a class analog of Tinidazole. It so affects the microbes, however, it can not be administered parenterally.

In general, antibiotics of a wide spectrum of all generations are represented thus:

• Dioxydin;
• natural penicillins;
• antisseinemic penicillins (here also include inhibitor-protected);
• inhibitor-protected aminopenicillins;
• Rifampicin;
• macrolides;
• group of aminoglycosides;
• antibiotics of tetracycline;
• cephalosporins 3 generations, cephalosporins 4 generations;
• a number of carbapenems;
• chloramphenicol;
• phosphomycin;
• sulfonamides;
• antibiotics of the nitroimidazole series;
• fluoroquinolones, quinolones;
• group of nitrofurans.

In the proposed list there are no names of antibiotics of a narrow spectrum of effects. They may be specific for certain microorganisms and are effective only against them.

Narrow spectrum drugs are not applicable for superinfection therapy. They are used as an antibiotic in the first row only with a precise pathogen.

Means of the latest generation

The aforementioned means are referred to broad spectrum drugs. This is a complete list of substances that have a high degree of activity against gram-negative and gram-positive microbes. And the list includes both antibiotics of previous generations, and the newest strong medicines.

Among the representatives of the latest generation of antimicrobials called by the representatives will be (names):

1. aminopenicillins resistant to beta-lactamase (Clavulanate, Sulbactam, Ampicillin, Amoxicillin);
2. cephalosporins 3 and 4 generations (Cefotaxime, Tsefpyrom, Cefoperazone, Ceftriaxone, Ceftazidime, Cefepime);
3. 3-generation aminoglycoside agents (Amikacin, Netilmicin);
4. 14- and 15-membered semisynthetic macrolides (Clarithromycin, Roxithromycin, Azithromycin);
5. 16-membered natural macrolide agents (Meidekamycin);
6. fluoroquinolones of 3 and 4 generations (Trovafloxacin, Levofloxacin, Gatifloxacin, Sparfloxacin, Moxifloxacin);
7. carbapenems (Imipinem-cilastatin, Meropenem, Ertapenem);
8. Nitrofurans (furazidine, Nitrofurantoin, Ersefuril).

Protected antisignagic penicillins are characterized by a wide range of effects, but are only applicable against the Pseudomonas aeruginosa. This is necessary to reduce the risk of contact with the rod and powerful modern antibiotics. What is important for preventing the development of drug resistance of bacteria.

Tazobactam is the most effective against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Slightly less often appointed Clavulanate, Piperacillin. They are suitable for the treatment of pneumonia caused by a hospital strain of the virus.

Still on the list are the funds of the last generation, belonging to the group of natural antistaphylococcal penicillins. They are not used for outpatient treatment because of the need for frequent intramuscular or intravenous administration. Today, there is no possibility to take such penicillins in the form of tablets. There are only injections.

A similar situation with cephalosporins. They are similar in the activity spectrum to antistaphylococcal penicillins, but are not used orally because of destruction in the patient's stomach.

With pneumonia, the most effective antibiotics for parenteral administration are:

1. penicillins;
2. cephalosporins.

Pharmacists have achieved success in developing the medicamentous form of their enteral use. The results of the study are not yet applied in practice.

What is the treatment for children and pregnant women?

Considering the broad-spectrum antibiotics permitted for the treatment of children, the list is substantially narrowed. In childhood, only drugs from the group can be used:

1. aminopenicillin (Clavulanate, Amoxicillin);
2. macrolides (Midekamycin, Clarithromycin, Roxithromycin);
3. cephalosporins (Cefepime, Ceftriaxone).

The antibiotics of fluoroquinolones, carbapenems, nitrofurans are forbidden because of their harmful effects on the growth of bones, liver and kidneys of the child.

Systemic nitrofurans can not be used because of the lack of confirmed safety data for such therapy. An exception to the rule was Furacilin, suitable for treating wounds locally.

The remaining groups of agents against pathogenic microorganisms are not desirable. They are toxic and adversely affect the growth and development of the skeleton.

There are limitations for the treatment of pregnant women. They are allowed to take only a few antibiotics of the latest generation. Such drugs belong to category A and B. This means that the risk of therapy is not confirmed or there is no teratogenic effect in the experiments on animals.

All substances with an unproven effect on the unborn child, the presence of toxic effects can be taken only in exceptional cases. Usually they are prescribed with the prevalence of the expected therapeutic effect over the side effect (categories of antibiotics C, D).

The funds belonging to category X are characterized by a proven teratogenic effect on fetal development. If there is an urgent need for treatment with such drugs, the doctor will recommend to terminate the pregnancy.

During the gestation of a child, the woman will be offered antibiotics of a wide range of action only of the last generation. The list of them is short:

• cephalosporins (Cefazolin, Ceftriaxone, Cefepime);
• protected aminopenicillins (Amoclav, Amoxiclav).

Macrolides can be used for treatment only in the third trimester of pregnancy. Teratogenic effect from them is not fully understood and it is too early to say with certainty about its absence. This category includes Azithromycin, Roxithromycin, Clarithromycin, Midekamycin.

In addition, during pregnancy, it is permitted to use pills and injections of penicillin series, but in the absence of an allergic reaction to them.

Bronchitis, pneumonia

Practically all modern antibiotics of a wide spectrum of action can be useful for bronchitis and pneumonia. But provided that their pharmacokinetic characteristics are suitable for this. Optimal schemes for the treatment of such diseases have been developed.

They take into account successful combinations of antibiotics in order to maximally cover microbial strains. Bronchodilators are also widely used.

It is irrational for inflammation of the respiratory organs to treat with sulfonamides, nitroimidazole, nitrofurans. The most effective option for bronchitis will be the use of protected aminopenicillins with macrolides, for example, Amoclav with Azithromycin.

With prolonged bronchitis, the appointment of cephalosporin instead of aminopenicillin - Ceftriaxone with Azithromycin. If this scheme is applied, macrolides can be replaced by another class analog:

1. Meadecamycin;
2. Roxithromycin;
3. Clarithromycin.

Each of these means of the last generation with bronchitis gives a pronounced effect. But with the symptomatology of the disease can continue.

The criterion for the effectiveness of treatment will be the appearance of a cough with a more pure exudate, relief of fever symptoms. There is a weakening of shortness of breath, an improvement in appetite, a reduction in the frequency of urge to cough.

Pneumonia of mild degree of the disease is treated according to the principle of bronchitis, but cephalosporin with macrolides is used. For pneumonia of moderate severity or severe, which is caused by out-of-hospital infection, it is proposed to apply:

• ceftriaxone (Cefepime, Ceftriaxone);
• Fluoroquinolone (Levofloxacin, Ciprofloxacin).

These drugs are representatives of the latest generation of antibiotics of a wide spectrum of action. They perfectly oppress the microflora, the patient will feel the result of treatment already on the second day after the beginning of therapy.

Such drugs in pneumonia suppress the life of the pathogen of the inflammatory process (bacteriostatics) or kill it (bactericidal drugs).

Combined variants of broad-spectrum antibiotic pursue the goal of increasing activity, but at the same time fully comply with the basic rule of overlap: one bacteriostatic drug for one bactericidal.

Treatment of severe pulmonary inflammation and distress syndrome against the background of general intoxication occurs in conditions of intensive therapy. Severe conditions in this case are caused by a pathogenic microflora, resistant to the bulk of antimicrobial medicines.

In this situation, carbapenems are required:

1. Tienam;
2. Meropenem;
3. Imipinem-cilastatin.

These antibiotics are never used on an outpatient basis!

Angina, sinusitis, sinusitis

The broad-spectrum antibiotic for angina is prescribed for the same purposes. It should be noted that with tonsillitis or with sinusitis can be treated with the same drugs, but treatment of sinusitis has its own characteristics.

The only difference is that with the inflammatory process in tonsils, antiseptics are also used, for example, the safest and cheapest option is Furacilin (from a number of nitrofurans).

With angina, aminopenicillins, additionally protected with clavulanic acid, sulbactam:

• Ospamox;
• Amoclav;
• Amoxiclav.

The recommended course of treatment in this case will be from 10 to 14 days.

For the destruction of microbes with sinusitis and sinusitis treatment with modern antibiotics of the latest generation is provided. With these diseases, only one bactericide is needed.

The difficulty of treating inflammation of the paranasal sinuses is to deliver the antibiotic to the site of inflammation. For this reason, physicians practice the use of cephalosporin series. For example, strong modern Ceftriaxone or Cefepime will be effective.

Sometimes fluoroquinolone of the fourth, third generation or Levofloxacin may be prescribed.

Pyelonephritis, infections of the genitourinary system

Because of the dissemination of urinary tract pathogenic microorganisms in pyelonephritis can not do without antibiotics a wide range. The maximum therapeutic value in this case is:

1. cephalosporins;
2. fluoroquinolones;
3. nitrofurans.

Cephalosporins are recommended for relatively light inflammatory processes in the kidneys. Fluoroquinolones are required if the condition deteriorates against the background of the treatment. The list of such drugs: Levofloxacin, Ciprofloxacin, Ofloxacin, Moxifloxacin.

A good agent, suitable for monotherapy and combined treatment with Ceftriaxone are representatives of nitrofurans. Nalidixic acid is used with equal efficiency. It creates increased concentrations in the urine and works actively against genitourinary infections.

Often, broad-spectrum antibiotics are used in gynecology. When gardnerellosis and dysbacteriosis of the vagina, the doctor appoints Metronidazole.

Every patient should know that even new generation antibiotics are means that kill not only pathogenic microorganisms, but also useful ones. Therefore, during antibiotic therapy, you should always take probiotics. They are usually sold in the form of tablets or powder. The price for them varies depending on the manufacturer.

How to properly take antibiotics for a cold in the video in this article will tell a specialist.

stopgripp.ru

Antibiotics for ARVI

Many people think that there is no sense in prescribing antibiotics for ARVI, since these are antibacterial drugs, and they do not work for viruses. So why are they still appointed? Let's figure it out.

ARVI is a common infectious disease that is transmitted by airborne droplets, or by contact through unwashed hands, objects, things. The name of an acute respiratory viral infection speaks for itself: the infection is caused by pneumotrophic viruses that mostly damage the respiratory system.

Treatment of acute respiratory viral infections with antibiotics

If the catarrhal disease is caused by a viral infection, it is more logical to take the first symptoms antiviral drugs, carry out detoxification and symptomatic treatment for indications. Antibiotic therapy is usually added about a week after the discovery of a cold if the treatment of viral infection is considered ineffective, the patient's condition worsens, or remains without changes.

In addition, often there are situations when against the background of a decrease in immunity, provoked by an acute respiratory infection, an additional bacterial pathology develops. This is where the use of antibiotics becomes possible and even necessary. Antibiotics are preparations of complex and multifaceted action, their administration is carried out with observance of certain precautions: exact observance of dosage and reception time, with the determination of the sensitivity of the bacterial flora, with simultaneous application of some antifungal and immunomodulating preparations. Therefore, the best solution when choosing an antibiotic is pre-consultation with doctor-therapist or infectiologist who will advise you the most effective in your particular case a drug.

Do antibiotics help in ARVI?

If, within a few days after the onset of the development of SARS, you notice the appearance of painful lymph nodes and sore throat, gland on the glands, shooting in the ear, prolonged, persistent purulent runny nose, wheezing in the lungs, high temperatures (more than three days), the use of antibiotics in such cases is sufficient is justified.

In order for antibiotics to have the expected effect, first of all they must be properly selected: the spectrum of action, localization, dosage and duration of administration is determined.

To achieve positive dynamics, to cure the disease and not to harm the body, it is necessary to adhere strictly to the general rules for taking antibiotics:

• the prescription of an antibiotic should be due to the presence or possibility of getting a bacterial infection;
• when taking an antibiotic, its necessary constant concentration in the blood should be determined: if the doctor prescribed an antibiotic 5 times a day, it should be taken exactly 5 times, and you should not self-lower the dosage and change the treatment regimen, this will unbalance your and bacterial microflora;
• do not stop taking antibiotics immediately after the first signs of relief, the course of admission should be brought to an end: not completed to the end of the course only weakens the strength of bacteria, and for complete recovery it is necessary that they fully were lost. Without destroying them completely, you run the risk of getting sick again soon, or getting a chronic form of the disease;
• during the reception of antibiotics it is necessary to take measures to prevent dysbacteriosis, since these drugs can be destructive not only to the pathogenic microflora, but also to a healthy intestinal: against the background of antibiotic therapy it is recommended to take antifungal agents, as well as drugs that support the beneficial microflora in organism;
• for the prevention of toxic effects of antibiotics, it is necessary to take a sufficient amount of liquid, including fermented milk products;
• Eat plenty of vitamins, drink juices, whenever possible, visit the sun and fresh air.

When are prescribed antibiotics for ARVI?

There are cases of prescribing antibiotics in acute viral pathologies, and they are far from single. Of course, taking antibacterial drugs without need is not necessary, nevertheless, there are quite a lot of reasonable reasons for their appointment:

• the presence of chronic, often exacerbated inflammation of the middle ear;
• small children with signs of unfavorable development: lack of body weight, lack of calcium and vitamin D, weakening of immunity, anomalies of the functioning of the body;
• presence of symptoms of chronic weakness of the body's defense system (frequent inflammatory processes, colds, unmotivated temperature rises, purulent processes, fungal infections, persistent digestive system disorders, malignant neoplasms, AIDS, congenital anomalies of immunity, autoimmune pathology).

Also, the use of antibiotics is effective and understandable for certain complications:

• joining purulent infection (sinusitis, lesions of lymph nodes, abscesses, phlegmon, bacterial lesion of the throat and respiratory system);
• simultaneous development of bacterial angina (purulent, with the presence of streptococcal or anaerobic infection);
• formation of background ear inflammation;
• joining the inflammatory process in the lungs of any etiology.

Often, antibiotics are prescribed to the weakened patient as a preventive measure in the fight against complications.

What antibiotics to drink in ARVI?

Antibiotics, which are usually prescribed for ARVI, are representatives of the following groups:

• penicillin series - oxacillin, ampicillin sodium salt, ampiox - antibacterial drugs with a wide bacteriostatic and bactericidal action, are quickly absorbed, effectively act on pneumococcal, meningococcal, streptococcal infection;
• cephalosporin series - cephaloridine, cephalexin, cefazolin, cefatrexil - low-toxic antibiotics, They act on Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, they inhibit even penicillin-resistant strains;
• tetracycline series - tetracycline hydrochloride, morphocycline, doxycycline - inhibit the synthesis of proteins in a microbial cell, active antibacterial drugs;
• aminoglycosides - gentamicin, amikacin - popular antibiotics for severe infections;
• macrolide antibiotics - erythromycin, azithromycin - inhibit the multiplication of bacteria;
• other groups of antibiotics - lincomycin, rifampicin.

The choice of antibiotic is determined by the spectrum of its action, the degree of influence on the bacterial cell. Before taking medications, carefully read the instructions, or even better, consult a doctor.

Antibiotics for adults with ARVI

Antibiotics, as a rule, are not prescribed from the first days of the disease. Viral etiology of ARVI provides for the use of primarily antiviral drugs (rimantadine, zanamivir).

Antibiotic therapy in adults is used when the following signs are found:

• long (more than three days) high body temperature;
• symptoms of general intoxication of the body (headache, dizziness, nausea, cyanosis);
• wheezing, difficulty breathing, inability to cough up the contents of the bronchi, heaviness behind the sternum;
• increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR);
• increased number of leukocytes in the blood;
• the appearance of visible foci of microbial damage (phlegmon, abscess, furuncle, purulent sinusitis);
• absence of positive dynamics of the disease (despite treatment, pathological symptoms progress);
• old age and a weakened immune system of the body.

Prescribe antibiotics for ARVI in adults also with a mixed and complicated form of the disease.

Antibiotics for children with ARVI

Many parents when the child has ARVI hurry to give him any antibiotic, sometimes without any reason. With antibiotic therapy, you should not rush, especially when it comes to children.

Here are some principles that prescribe antibiotics for ARVI in children:

• antibiotics are used only in the presence of a high probability or with the proven bacterial etiology of the pathological condition;
• In determining the antibiotic for treatment, the most likely pathogens of the infectious disease are considered, and the possibility of holding a child with antibacterial therapy for any other disease in the last time;
• the choice of a therapeutic effect on the child prescribes the administration of drugs with a low level of toxicity;
• many antibacterial drugs have their age-limiting limitations;
• dosing of antibiotics for children is usually done taking into account the total body weight of the child.

Uncomplicated forms of acute respiratory viral infection usually do not require the use of antibiotics. They are prescribed with concomitant inflammation of the maxillary sinuses of the nose, tonsillitis, otitis, signs of pneumonia.

Antibiotics for ARVI and influenza

The flu is, in fact, the same viral infection, characterized, in contrast to ARVI, by a sharper onset and the possibility of developing more serious complications.

We return to the question, do antibiotics for ARVI and influenza equally need?

The causative agent of the flu is also a virus, so the unmotivated prescription of antibiotic therapy for influenza is not welcome. First, this additional toxic effect on the liver and gastrointestinal tract, and secondly, the possible formation of resistance of the bacterial flora to the antibiotic.

Antibiotic therapy should be combined with symptomatic and antiviral therapy only in cases of prolonged incessant fever, chronic diseases of the respiratory tract, kidneys, cardiovascular system, diabetes mellitus, decreased immune protection. Antibiotics can be prescribed to prevent the existing danger of developing a secondary bacterial infection.

You should start taking antibiotics only according to the doctor's prescription, you should not take them alone and unreasonably.

List of antibiotics for ARVI

One of the most effective antibacterial drugs for SARS are the following:

• The cephalosporin series includes cefexin, chainins, apsetil - semi-synthetic drugs with a wide range of effects. Three generations of these drugs are known. Bacteriostatic action allows the use of these antibiotics for any infectious diseases of the respiratory system. Adults can take medication in a daily dose of 400 mg, divided into two doses. The course of treatment is 1-2 weeks;
• fluoroquinolone series is represented by moxifloxacin and levofloxacin, characterized by rapid absorption and good bactericidal action. Adults are prescribed po, ​​g per day. Not recommended for use in children's practice;
• macrolide series is represented by erythromycin, azithromycin, used for sinusitis, angina, otitis media, pneumonia. Admission of these drugs during pregnancy is acceptable. Take 5-6 times a day for, 5 g;
• penicillin series consists of antibiotics-derivatives of penicillin: ampicillin, amoxicillin, oxacillin. Can be used in pediatrics, since they have a low degree of toxicity. The daily dose is from two to three grams, taken for 4 times.

The course of antibiotic therapy is 1-2 weeks, but not less than five and not more than 14 days.

If one antibiotic is ineffective, it should be replaced in the near future with another, with a stronger degree of activity towards bacteria.

When developing an allergic reaction to an antibiotic, you should visit a doctor to replace the drug with a remedy from another group.

The best antibiotic for ARVI

Unfortunately, one can not say for sure what should be the best antibiotic in ARVI. Selection of an antibiotic is carried out individually, taking into account the degree of infectious damage, the age and condition of the patient, the sensitivity of the bacterial flora and allergological anamnesis of the patient. If there was one best antibiotic, there would be no sense in all other antibacterial agents.

However, antibiotics are divided into ordinary (penicillin, tetracycline, levomycetin, erythromycin) and stronger (ceftriaxone, junidox, sumamed, rulid, etc.) according to the degree of exposure to the microbial cell.

When treating infectious diseases of mixed etiology, one should choose not just strong antibacterial means, and antibiotics, showing activity against the widest range of possible pathogens. Sometimes, to achieve the maximum latitude of exposure, it is possible to designate combinations of drugs with different antibacterial spectrum.

It's no secret that new generation drugs have a much higher degree of activity and have fewer side effects than antibiotics, for example, thirty years ago. Such drugs are clarithromycin (klabaks, along with the effect on bacteria contributes to the improvement immunity), as well as sumamed (aka azithromycin, possesses the property of a stable effect on bacterial strains).

Drugs can be taken either orally, as an injection or as a spray.

Many people with the slightest signs of any disease themselves prescribe antibiotics. This is wrong, since unreasonable and unskilled use of antibiotics provokes rapid growth and mutation of bacterial cells, which significantly reduces the effect of antibacterial means.

Antibiotics for ARVI should not be taken uncontrollably yet because these drugs are effective not only for specific bacteria, but also for the whole organism.

ilive.com.ua

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