From this article you will learn: from what pressure leaps, and what this violation testifies to. What disorders in the body cause sudden pressure drops, what should I do to normalize the changed parameters.
Contents of the article:
- Causes of pathology
- How to suspect and solve the problem
- Prognosis: What can result in such violations
Stable AD speaks about good blood circulation in all internal organs. Violation of the natural mechanisms that regulate this indicator leads to failures - changes in the form of alternation of the increase with decreasing figures. Such jumps even more negatively affect the state of vital organs( heart and brain) than constant hypertension( increase) or hypotension( depression).
Not only a pronounced change in pressure from increased to decreased, or vice versa, even minor jumps of more than 20-30 mm Hg. Art.or by 20% compared with the initial for an hour disrupt the functioning of the heart and brain. Organs are experiencing either a lack of blood supply and oxygen starvation, or their blood vessels are excessively overfilled with blood and experience increased stress. This threatens a permanent disruption of work capacity, as well as critical diseases in the form of stroke and heart attack.
Differential pressure suggests that the body has a pathology, and it tries to normalize important indicators on its own, but can not do it. The fault is either the severe course of the disease, or the failure of the mechanisms that regulate the pressure.
Possible blood pressure Find out why the pressure is unstable, can only specialists: therapist or family doctor and cardiologist. This problem is completely solved, if you find out the reason.
Why it happens
To cause pressure surges when high numbers change low or vice versa, only some causes are possible - diseases of the nervous system and internal organs:
- Vegeto-vascular dystonia is a pathological condition in which the autonomic nervous system loses its ability to regulate its tonevessels and heart activity. As a result, blood pressure can not be kept at a constant level: the low one is replaced by the high one, and the high one is low. The impact of this reason is more likely among people aged 16 to 35, mostly women.
- Heart disease is a chronic pathology leading to a weakening of myocardial contractility( ischemic disease, angina pectoris, arrhythmia).In response to an increase or decrease in blood pressure, the diseased heart may respond with increased or weakened activity. Therefore, hypertension can be replaced by hypotension( more often) or vice versa( less often).In the same way, the pressure leaps in myocardial infarction, which can be both the cause of the decline, and its consequence.
- Pathology of the brain - circulatory disorders, tumors, inflammatory processes. All these diseases can disrupt the normal operation of nerve cells, which ultimately makes the pressure unstable. Of particular interest is a stroke, at the beginning of which it is increased, and then goes down.
- Dyshormonal disorders - diseases of the thyroid and adrenal glands. If they develop their hormones unstably and irregularly, then this is reflected by changes in the numbers of blood pressure. Dyshormonal causes as a variant of the norm - puberty( puberty) and menopause in women( cessation of menstruation).
- Change in environmental conditions and meteosensitivity - the reaction of the human body to weather change, atmospheric pressure and temperature, the magnetic field of the earth, the lunar and solar cycles. Meteosensitive people only in such periods note the pressure drop.
- Medications and various substances - drugs for lowering the pressure( Kaptopres, Enalapril, Anaprilin, Bisoprolol, etc.), as well as coffee, alcohol, salty foods, are capable of provoking a number of jumps in one direction or another. This is possible with their overdose or abuse.
Click on the picture to enlarge Differences and instability of pressure are more dangerous than the conditions under which it is constantly raised or lowered. They more violate a person's condition and are more often complicated by a heart attack or stroke.
How to suspect and solve the problem of
More than 95% of people who are under pressure notice such symptoms:
- marked general weakness and malaise up to the inability to walk;
- headache and dizziness;
- alternation of pallor and redness of the facial skin;
- tremor of hands and feet, muscle trembling all over the body;
- nausea and vomiting;
- syncope and convulsions;
- interruptions in the work of the heart, a sense of lack of air( shortness of breath);
- pain in the heart.
If these symptoms appear, it is necessary to do a BP measurement on both hands at rest and monitor it after 20-30 minutes for 2 hours. Self-medication is possible only for the purpose of providing emergency care. To avoid irreparable consequences, ask for help from a specialist( therapist, family doctor, cardiologist).Only under medical supervision the problem can be completely solved.
The doctor will find out the cause of the pathology and prescribe her treatment.
In acute periods, when pressure rises( unstable - then low, then high), guided by specific indicators of tonometry, you can provide appropriate assistance. Its scope is described in the table:
| What to do if the pressure rises after a decrease in | What to do if the pressure drops after increasing the |
|---|---|
| Ensure the patient's peace and free access to fresh air, find out what preceded the illness( taking pills, alcohol, stress, drinking coffee andetc.) | |
| Place the patient on his back in a semi-sitting position, the legs can be lowered | Optimal position - on the back with raised legs above the trunk |
| Give a drink or under the tongue Corvalol or Validol in combination with any of the following:Kaptopres, Anaprilin, Metoprolol( if the pulse is frequent) or Nifedipine, Corinfar( if the pulse is normal - 60-90 bpm) | If the patient's condition allows, let him drink a cup of sweet coffee. You can take a pill Caffeine sodium benzoate, enter Cordiamin, Prednisolone or Dexamethasone. |
| Reduce the pressure gradually - by 30% of the initial | Increase the pressure quickly, harm from it will not be |
| If the patient's condition is abruptly broken or the help is ineffective, call an ambulance( phone 103) |
There are no drugs that normalize the pressure. That's why it is possible to stabilize pressure drops, only by eliminating the cause of these disorders under the supervision of a doctor.
The end of such violations
The prognosis for changes in blood pressure may depend on the individual characteristics of the body and the cause of this violation:
- If the disorders are associated with temporary hormonal changes during puberty or wilting of sexual activity( menopause), in 85-90%independently or corrected medicamentously without serious consequences for the body.
- If the instability of pressure is caused by improper use of antihypertensive or tonic drugs, then after a visit to the doctor and the selection of the optimal treatment the parameters should be normalized.
- People who are under 45 years of age are more likely to experience pressure changes than they are at an older age, but about serious illnesses that require special treatment, they testify equally often( in 40-50%).
- Unstable pressure in people over 50 without treatment at 45-55% results in dangerous consequences, including heart attack and stroke. If the treatment of violations was carried out, this figure does not exceed 15-20%.
If your blood pressure often rises from high to low or vice versa, be sure to consult a specialist!
