How to treat glaucoma and can it be cured completely?

Glaucoma (ICD-10 code - H40) is a dangerous ophthalmic disease. People with glaucoma experience retinal and optic nerve damage. With the progression of this ailment, the vision becomes distorted. The development of glaucoma is caused by unstable (as a rule, elevated) intraocular pressure.

Glaucoma can be hidden, especially if it is in the initial stages. The asymptomatic course of ailments leads to unpredictable consequences. If you do not treat glaucoma, you can completely lose sight. The defeat of the optic nerve is irreversible. In medicine, there are no methods by which it would be possible to save a person from glaucoma. Early diagnosis helps to avoid irreversible consequences associated with this disease. What is glaucoma and how to treat this disease read on.

Causes

Glaucoma can occur:

• in people with ocular tumors;
• because of genetic predisposition;
• at untimely treatment of ophthalmologic pathologies.

Symptoms

Glaucoma affects people of different ages, sex does not matter either. Symptoms of pathology are reflected in the quality of life. There are many types of this disease: consider the most common.

Progressive

In this case, the boundaries of peripheral vision narrow, and visual field defects are observed. If you look at the light, circles will appear before your eyes.Despite this problem, visual acuity can be normal. Progressive glaucoma often occurs secretly. The narrowing of the fields of vision becomes noticeable at a late stage.Progressive glaucoma are affected by people "for 40". Depending on the form, the ailment can be chronic or acute. Glaucoma in acute form gives a number of unpleasant symptoms:

• suddenly blurred vision,
• its sharpness decreases,
• when you look at the light there are circles.

A distinct symptom of progressive glaucoma is pain in the eye. Unpleasant sensations can radiate to the temple. There are cases when acute glaucoma leads to nausea, vomiting. If a person has identified such symptoms, you need to see a doctor!

Open-angle and angle-closure glaucoma are common.Open-angle is a chronic disease, closed-angle - accompanied by acute attacks, which increase intraocular pressure.Such seizures lead to traumatization of the optic nerve. In the pathological process, eye tissues are involved. Glaucoma can be accompanied by low intraocular pressure.

Primary open-angle

The disease is common in Russia and CIS countries, it is chronic. If you do not treat such glaucoma in time, the nerve of the eyes will be seriously damaged: the cause is an increase in intraocular pressure. Chronic open-angle glaucoma leads to the fact that the field of view narrowed.

Primary closed-angle

This is a less common disease.It can occur in a person with a special eye structure. Primary angle-closure glaucoma is characterized by a latent flow; in other situations, there is a pain in the head (sometimes near the temple).If you do not treat a closed-angle glaucoma, it will show up with attacks. It is important to say that such attacks can lead to dangerous consequences. The peculiarity of primary closed-angle glaucoma is normal intraocular pressure. This form of the disease is revealed when examining the fundus.

Pseudo normal pressure

It refers to the type of "Open-angle proceeds against the background of low intraocular pressure. With the progression of the disease, there is a gradual loss of the optic nerve.The result is defects in the visual field. In this case, the intraocular pressure "behaves differently" and can remain at normal rates.The cause of the disease is a poor blood supply to the optic nerve. He begins to show sensitivity to normal intraocular pressure. If a person suffers from normotensive glaucoma, he usually has an infrequent pulse.

Congenital

The disease is transmitted hereditarily. The main cause is pathological reactions in the intraocular departments. In this case, increased intraocular pressure. Symptoms of congenital glaucoma can be corneal edema.This form of the disease is often detected in children.

As for secondary glaucoma, it occurs against the background of other ophthalmic diseases. The cause may be intraocular tumors. Glaucoma of this type can develop in people taking corticosteroids.

Diagnostics

Increase in intraocular pressure is not noticeable. To measure it, you need to perform tonometry. The procedure is highly informative. Distinguish contact and contactless tonometry. Contact is carried out using the "load it is applied to the surface of the eye. Non-contact tonometry involves the use of a pneumotonometer. For the diagnosis to be made, the narrowing of the visual field boundaries should be investigated.

Biomicroscopy allows you to explore different parts of the eye.A doctor can identify a pathological process, suspect glaucoma. To assess the anterior chamber, you need to perform gonioscopy.Inspection of the fundus allows you to identify the condition of the optic nerve, retina, vessels. Ophthalmoscopy is also contact and non-contact. Contact conducting involves the use of a specialized lens. Non-contact ophthalmoscopy is more in demand: in this case, magnifying devices are used.

Diagnostic procedures can detect the condition of visual fibers.To confirm glaucoma, you need to use complex methods of examination.Ultrasonic biomicroscopy also helps in diagnosing: it helps to determine the outflow of intraocular fluid. During the procedure, the doctor analyzes the structures inside the eyes.

Treatment

Medication

As we have already said, the disease can not be cured completely. Medications are prescribed in the initial stages of glaucoma, they are designed to stop symptoms. When medication is prescribed, the severity of the disease is taken into account. If glaucoma occurs in the initial stages, laser treatment may be recommended.

Individual medications are prescribed to reduce intraocular pressure. It is important to ensure the prevention of damage to the optic nerve: this is also used drugs.It is not recommended to discontinue taking the medication yourself, even if the remedies cause discomfort in the eye. When this symptom appears, you must again come to the ophthalmologist: alternative means will be prescribed.

Often a person applies for help at a late stage, when the optic nerve is undergoing serious changes. Preventive examination is necessary for all patients, especially those with an innate tendency to glaucoma.People who are 40 years old should visit an ophthalmologist more often. You can not take lightly of therapy.Drops are applied regularly and in accordance with the prescription of the doctor.

Surgically

A traditional operation is prescribed with a high probability of blindness. The procedure does not last long: 20 - 30 minutes. The surgeon removes the affected tissue. An incision is made near the iris. After the intervention, a bandage is applied to the eyes.

Laser treatment of glaucoma is very in demand. Operation using an innovative device allows you to achieve good results. In contrast to the cavity intervention, it can be prescribed in the initial stages of the disease. The decision about the operation is made by the doctor: the stage of the disease, the nature of the eye lesion are taken into account. Laser therapy is prescribed with ineffectiveness of conservative treatment. It provides prevention of attacks.

Before you perform the operation, you need to examine the fundus.It is important to say that the inspection itself lasts longer - 2 hours. For successful operation, you need to apply painkillers - drops.The doctor makes an incision in the required area of ​​the eye, then uses a laser beam. Laser treatment helps restore intraocular pressure, open the angle of the camera.

Postoperative period

Observance of important rules will help to recover faster, return to everyday life.

1. A diet is needed.It should be limited to salted, marinated, pepper, spicy. Contraindicated alcohol, energy drinks. Food should be warm, and, importantly, natural.
2. Position during sleep.The surgical site should not touch the pillow. Otherwise, blood circulation in the eye tissues will be disturbed.
3. Hygiene. Do not allow any grains of dust to enter your eye. The operated area should not be affected by tap water or river water. Wash with clean water!
4. Reduced visual loads.In this case, you will speed up the recovery process. Refuse to drive a car, do not sit for long at the computer.
5. Moderate activity.It is important to give up physical exercises. You can start them one month after the intervention.
6. Visiting baths, saunas.Not recommended.
7. Visit the clinic.It is necessary. The doctor must monitor your condition.

People's means

Herbs help normalize intraocular pressure and overcome other symptoms of glaucoma.

1. Consider the first recipe.You need to take cumin, dill, coriander and anise: all for 10 g. Herbs are mixed, poured over with boiling water in the amount of 600 ml. You should wait 2 hours, then strain the infusion. Frequency of use - 2 times a day (the product can be drunk, used for compresses).
2. To restore the intraocular pressure, you need to make another decoction.Mix cowberry, elderberry, birch leaves, alternately: take a pinch of each herb. A pinch of nettle is added to the mixture. The ingredients are poured into a glass of boiling water. The medicine is aged for 12 hours. Drink 2 times a day.
3. Aloe has a powerful therapeutic effect and is used to treat various ailments.It is necessary to take the leaves of aloe, fill with water in an amount of 200 ml. The remedy is put on a weak fire, boiled for 5 minutes. Then it cools down: the aloe vera is used to wash the eyes. The course of treatment - 5 days, the frequency of washing - 2 times a day.

Prevention

If the disease was inherited, prevention can not be ensured: comprehensive professional treatment is needed. The goal of the therapy will be relief of the symptoms of glaucoma. In other cases, elementary measures should be followed:

• avoid eye fatigue;
• time to treat ophthalmic (and other) diseases;
• protect eyes in harmful production;
• Healthy food;
• timely rest.

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conclusions

Any ophthalmologic disease requires treatment. Particularly dangerous ailments affect the quality of life: it is necessary to identify them in time and start therapy as soon as possible. Untimely surgical intervention is fraught with consequences. If the doctor advises the operation, you need to listen to him. The therapy, carried out in time, allows to stop manifestations of glaucoma, also it provides regression of the disease.