Tablets suppressing cough

Antitussives

When hypothermia people often have an unproductive dry cough. Tracheitis, bronchitis, laryngitis, pleurisy and other diseases of the respiratory tract are accompanied by dry cough, perspiration and inflammation. In order to get rid of these unpleasant symptoms, you need to buy antidepressants in the pharmacy. Do this preferably after consulting a doctor.

Expectorants and antitussives

Expectorants are drugs that are prescribed with a damp cough. With a wet cough, purulent or mucopurulent sputum is secreted. Traditional medicine also offers a number of medicinal plants that cope well with cough. The roots of licorice, althaea, wasteland, elecampane, herb of thyme, plantain, pine buds, sprouts of Ledum - all these plants, without harm to the body, save him from coughing.

Antitussives can have a central mechanism of action, that is, inhibit the central links of the cough reflex. Narcotic analgesics contain codeine phosphate and are used only in complex preparations. There are non-narcotic antitussives and peripheral drugs.

To date, there are many combined products that are sold in the form of drops, dry and liquid potions, pastilles, tablets and syrups. Expectorants include: Pectusin, Bronchipret, Gedelix, Herbion, Pectosol, and so on.

Ambroxol is well absorbed in any way of drinking. In the liver, it undergoes biotransformation, glucuronic conjugates and dibromantranilic acid are formed. If a person has liver failure, the half-life period increases.

Bromhexine is absorbed by 99% after half an hour after use. The half-life is from one to one and a half hours. If it is used for a long time, then some substances of the drug begin to accumulate in the body.

Glaucine hydrochloride facilitates breathing due to the oppression of the cough center. This drug lowers blood pressure.

Reflex expectorants and antitussives irritate the receptors of the stomach, increase the secretion of bronchial glands, activate ciliated epithelium, enhance muscular contraction of bronchial muscles, and also dilute sputum and show antimicrobial act.

Preparations of plantain and althea have enveloping action, and thermopsis stimulates the respiratory center.

Ambroxol and Bromhexine change the physicochemical composition of phlegm. Ambroxol improves her departure. Bromhexine can cause gastrointestinal upset, allergies and neurotic edema. Due to Ambroxol, the stomach may get sick, constipation, nausea or allergies may appear.

If cough significantly worsens the patient's condition, you can combine antitussive and expectorant drugs.

Antitussives classification

Medications that suppress cough are called antitussives. They are prescribed when the cough is not physiologically justified.

Anti-cough drugs classification: narcotic, non-narcotic, local anesthetics and mixed-action drugs.

To narcotic antitussive agents include codeine, dionine, morphine, dextromethorphan and so on. These drugs suppress the cough reflex and depress the work of the cough center, which is in the medulla oblongata. If you use them for a long time, you may get used to it.

Non-narcotic antitussive drugs of central action include butamirate, glaucine hydrochloride and oxeladine citrate. They have an antihypertensive, antitussive and spasmolytic effect, do not inhibit the motility of the intestinal tract, do not inhibit the breathing process and are not addictive.

Lidocaine is a local anesthetic, it is used for inhalations. Drugs of mixed action include Prenoxdiazine.

Antitussives for children

Antitussives block the cough reflex. They are used when you need to suppress dry cough, for example, with laryngitis, pleurisy, larynx papillomatosis, laryngeal tumors, chronic bronchitis and ARVI. Antitussives can not be used for acute bronchitis, cystic fibrosis, pneumonia and other diseases. If they are used in the above listed diseases, sputum congestion in the bronchi may occur.

In general, antitussive drugs lead to constipation, nausea, vomiting, lower blood pressure, drowsiness, addiction and a decrease in ventilation of the bronchi.

Cough antitussives for children are not used often. They can be used only with the permission of the attending physician, since there are a large number of contraindications.

Antitussive remedy of central action

Coughing is a complex reflex reaction that is necessary for a person to restore normal airway patency. It occurs when the receptors of the nose, posterior pharynx, ears, esophagus and pleura are irritated. Cough can be suppressed and caused arbitrarily, because it is controlled by the cerebral cortex.

Narcotic antitussive drug of central action contains morphine-like compounds. It suppresses the function of the cough center. Medicines from the codeine group are considered effective, but they have more side effects. They act selectively and depress the respiratory center.

A non-narcotic antitussive drug of central action also acts selectively. However, it does not affect the respiratory center too much. There are non-narcotic drugs no worse than codeine, and there is no getting used to them.

Antitussive remedy of peripheral action

In order to suppress cough, peripheral action drugs are also used. This includes tablets for resorption, teas and syrups based on plant extracts, honey and glycerin. The antitussive remedy of peripheral action acts enveloping, creating a protective layer on the mucosa of the respiratory tract.

Prenoxidiazine is a combined synthetic drug that inhibits the cough center and does not depress respiration. The drug has a direct antispasmodic effect, prevents the occurrence of bronchospasm and reduces the excitability of peripheral receptors. These medicines can not be chewed, but simply swallowed.

How to cure a wet cough?

If a person has sputum diffusion, he should drink a lot. It is best to use herbal remedies that have an enveloping, anti-inflammatory and expectorant effect. If there are no contraindications, you can do steam inhalations that moisturize the mucous membrane and have an analgesic effect.

It is mandatory to use expectorants that make phlegm less viscous and eliminate the bronchial secret. Iodides, essential oils and ammonium chloride stimulate the hydrolysis and proteolysis of phlegm.

Licorice, marshmallows and thermopsis irritate the receptors of the stomach, enhance the secretion of mucous glands of the bronchi and salivary glands.

In order to relieve cough, you need to constantly moisten the air in the apartment, stop smoking, avoid sudden temperature changes.

The people have a huge number of recipes that help to cough and relieve breathing. You can, for example, pour a lemon water and boil it for ten minutes. After he has cooled down, cut it and squeeze juice, add two tablespoons of glycerin and honey. Take two teaspoons before meals and at night. The juice of radish, carrots and milk can also be mixed in equal parts. Drink a tablespoon six times a day.

In general, folk wisdom has a lot of knowledge in the field of cough treatment, each person finds the most acceptable recipe for himself and uses it when necessary.

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The most effective cough remedy

To choose an effective cough remedy, you need to know its cause. Most often, coughing in children and adults occurs with colds (respiratory infection, flu), complications in the form of acute laryngitis, tracheitis or bronchitis.

The cough reflex is necessarily associated with the lesion of the bronchial wall. But it can be caused by a central mechanism (the effect of cortical centers of the brain), decompensation of cardiac activity in heart defects or ischemic myocardial disease.

Effective is the cough remedy, which treats the common disease.

Varieties of symptomatic means

In addition to the immediate causes of cough, symptoms appear, to eliminate which there are drugs with a good result of the action. They can be divided into:

• drugs that suppress dry cough by suppressing the cough center in the brain;
• drugs that remove phlegm from the bronchi with a damp cough.

A group of cough suppressants in adults

Preparations differ in chemical composition, natural components. Produced in tablets, capsules, powders, syrups. The most effective group of effective cough remedies:

• Codterpine,
• Libexin,
• Sinecod,
• Omnitus,
• Falimint,
• Alex Plus,
• Glycodine,
• Bronchicum,
• Broncholitin,
• Bronhitusen Vramed,
• Bronchoton,
• Terpinkod,
• Tusuprex,
• Stopoutsin,
• Paxelidine.

They are produced by different pharmaceutical companies, often similar in composition.

According to the doctor's prescription, an effective cough medicine such as Codeine is used. The drug is part of Demorphan. Contains narcotic components, is addictive.

Remedies for phlegm

These drugs by the mechanism of action are aimed at improving the sputum discharge: dilute mucus, reduce synthesis, relieve spasmodic contractions of the bronchi. For adults it is recommended:

• ATSTS,
• Fluimucil,
• Bronchicum,
• Ambroxol,
• Mukaltin,
• Bronchipret,
• Bronhosan,
• Haliksol,
• Mukobene,
• Gedelix,
• Bromhexine,
• Bronchophyte,
• Herbion,
• Ambrobe,
• syrup Doctor IOM,
• Kodelak Broncho,
• Thoracic Elixir,
• Lazolvan,
• Libexin Muko,
• Carbocysteine,
• Pectusin,
• Coldrex Bronho,
• Teraflu.

This is an incomplete list of drugs available in the pharmacy chain from cough. Each has its own advantages and limitations in its application. The instructions outline the contraindications and the way of use.

Ready-made fees for adults

There are effective medicinal fees from cough, from natural plant material. The patient can choose from the following:

• syrup from licorice root;
• syrup from plantain and leaves of mother-and-stepmother;
• dry cough medicine;
• pectoral fees (from the first to the fourth issue);
• extract from the herb of thyme.

Requirements for cough remedies for children

Children's cough medicines, in order to be effective, must meet the following requirements:

• do not have an adverse toxic effect;
• for small children to have the form of a syrup, drops with a pleasant taste (tablets and capsules they can not swallow);
• conveniently dosed (tea spoons, drops).

Children's cough suppressants

Unlike adults, a child can not spit a coughing up phlegm, when it goes away, there is a swallowing and irritation of the stomach and intestines. This explains the frequent diarrhea in children with colds.

• Sinecode - comes in the form of syrup and drops. The active substance is butamyrate. Drops can be used for children aged 2 months, and syrup from three years of age or older. The duration of treatment is limited to a week. Effective with a dry cough (with whooping cough). In the instructions for the use of Sinecod, there are special indications of side effects and contraindications.
• Herbion - has an anti-inflammatory and expectorant effect. It is created from plant material of mallow and leaves of plantain. Produced in the form of syrup. It is assigned to children from two years old. Contraindication: hypersensitivity to fructose and incoming components.
• Lazolvan - syrup with active substance ambroksol. It does not contain sugar, it is suitable for children with diabetes. Contraindicated only with individual intolerance.
• Gedelix - is made from an extract of ivy, does not contain sugar and flavorings. It is characterized by increased safety. It is used in children from infancy.
• Dr. Theiss is a herbal preparation from the extract of plantain leaves, there is a variant of plantain, lemon balm, chamomile with ascorbic acid. It is assigned to children after a year. Recommended for the night.

Non-cough drugs

An effective means for coughing for children and adults are inhalations. The infant is recommended to keep for a few minutes in the bathroom with high humidity and steam.

Older children and adults are shown medical inhalation over boiling water in a wide saucepan. From above, you should close the bath towel. In the water, you can add a spoonful of soda, a few drops of fir or juniper oil.

Recommended inhalation over boiled potatoes, laurel leaves.

To stop coughing drink warm milk with honey and lemon juice, black radish juice, lime flower tea, mother-and-stepmother leaves, elderberry broth, dry raspberries. A good action is juice from a large bulb mixed with honey.

Children are helped with a dry, dry cough massage at the point located in the pit above the breastbone. It should be done with one finger.

Breast massages of the chest with easy tapping movements help to sputum. For adults, such a massage should be done with the use of force.

Sometimes a fit of coughing is removed with hot foot and hand baths. The distracting effect of mustard plasters helps to expand the bronchi and calms cough in older children and adults.

These examples of funds can be used independently no longer than 2-3 days. If there is no result, consult a doctor. Prolonged cough indicates the need for more powerful drugs, antibiotics and other anti-inflammatory drugs.

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Pills for cough

To successfully get rid of cough, first of all, you should determine the type of cough and only after that go to the choice of a drug that helps to overcome, rather than aggravate the ailment.

Most of the cough medicines are dispensed without a prescription, however, it must be remembered that the path to recovery begins with the establishment of a correct diagnosis. Tablets from a cough, shown with one type of cough, are capable of harming in another course of the disease. That's why pay attention to your condition.

For exhausting attacks with a sore throat, not giving a night's sleep, you can recognize a dry cough. In medical circles, this type of cough is called unproductive, characterized by a lack of sputum, as well as pain in the muscles of the abdomen and chest. The cause of this cough is irritation of pharyngeal cough receptors. Cope with the problem in this situation will help antitussives, stopping the attack.

The productive type of cough is accompanied by the separation of the separated. Sputum preparations from bronchial tubes, trachea and lungs are facilitated by expectorants (increase production of detachable drugs) or mucolytics (dilute sputum). Some pills for cough by stimulating special cilia help to clear the airways.

Use of drugs containing codeine (narcotic substance) is possible in the most severe cases. Preference should be given to codeine in its pure form or its analogue dextromethorphan. With regard to combined drugs, they have an expectorant effect. As a result, on the one hand, such drugs facilitate the release of sputum, and on the other - consist of components designed to suppress cough, preventing the separation of the separated. The latter is unacceptable in the productive form of cough.

Indications for use of tablets against cough

The cause of coughing is not always respiratory diseases. Cough often accompanies infectious diseases of a viral or bacterial current, which include: laryngitis, sinusitis, tonsillitis, pharyngitis, pneumonia, bronchitis, tuberculosis, etc. The cause of coughing can be childhood diseases, for example, whooping cough, as well as allergic state. Coughing attacks characterize the pathological processes of the organic type of the brain, manifest themselves on the nervous soil, with cardiac disorders (heart disease, angina pectoris, etc.), with the defeat of the respiratory tract by aggressive environments. This list can be continued indefinitely. Therefore, it is important to establish and eliminate the root cause of the disease, and not solve the problem of coughing in any fastest way.

The choice of a cough pill depends on the nature of the cough. In conditions accompanied by a dry, excruciating cough, the means that depress the center of cough in the brain are shown:

• Combination preparations with the active ingredient codeine - "kodelak", "terpinkod N", "tercodin";
• pastilles based on dextromethorphan - "alex plus";
• substances with butamirate - "sinecode", "omnitus", "panatus".

Tablets "libexin" with the active substance prenoxdiazine soothe the cough receptors of the throat, keeping the respiratory functions and not causing pharmacological dependence. The drug is equal to codeine by the strength of the drug effect. Cough seizures are also a means for resorption based on menthol and eucalyptus ("pectusin"), as well as preparations from licorice - "glycyram"

With viscous, poorly draining and sparse sputum are effective:

• mucolytic agents based on bromhexine - "bromhexine", "ascoril", "solvin";
• preparations with ambroxol - "ambroxol", "kodelak bronho", "ambroben", "flavamed";
• expectorating mucolytics of acetylcysteine ​​- "ACTS", "fluimutsil", "acetestin".

Indications for the use of tablets against cough with the active ingredient acetylcysteine ​​concern cases where it is necessary to increase the amount of detachable.

An expectorant effect is also achieved by the use of phytopreparations - "mukaltin", "lycorin", "pectussin", "thermopsis".

In addition to the correct selection of medicines, it is important to ensure sufficient humidity in the room and drink more liquid (up to 6-8 glasses per day).

Form of issue

All pills for cough can be divided into the following groups:

1. drugs that suppress the center cough in the brain and affect the nerve endings of the receptors;
2. agents affecting smooth muscle structures and bronchial mucosa;
3. drugs that have a direct effect on bronchial secretion (sputum).

From the above, you can make an unambiguous conclusion that the treatment is selected individually for each case. An important form is also the form of the release of the product. Effervescent tablets and for resorption are characterized by a high rate of action and digestibility, but are unlikely to be suitable for babies. Very small patients are recommended sweet antitussive syrups. People suffering from peptic ulcer, hyperacid gastritis or having an increased acidity of gastric juice will be countered with effervescent antitussives.

The type and dosage of the drug is prescribed by the physician based on the symptoms, age and individual characteristics of the patient's body. For any pharmacological agent, regardless of the form of release, there are contraindications and side effects. For example, a popular drug for wet cough - thermopsis, consisting entirely of natural ingredients, is prohibited in the treatment of bronchitis and pneumonia in infants. Babies are not able to cough up a large amount of waste mucus, which in some cases provokes respiratory failure. In children under 5 years of age, a drug with an overdose provokes a vomiting reflex, is contraindicated in pregnant women and people suffering from peptic ulcer and 12-gut.

Therefore, before starting treatment, you should establish the correct diagnosis and get recommendations for taking antitussive medications from a specialist.

Pharmacodynamics of tablets against cough

To date, there is no universal cough pill, due to the fact that the therapeutic effect on dry and wet type of cough is fundamentally different. In the presence of dry cough, it is not advisable to use tablets for wet cough with a stopping effect, which will cause blockage of bronchial lumens with departing phlegm. Medicinal substances from the productive (wet) cough, which help to reduce the viscosity and easily withdraw phlegm, are useless in case of a dry cough caused by trachea inflammation, irritation of bronchial mucosa, influence aggressive environments.

Actively acting on the cough center, drugs are divided according to the principle of impact on: central, peripheral and combined effects. Pharmacodynamics of tablets against cough (the mechanism of action on the human body) is characterized by the properties of the constituent components. For example, drugs with narcotic substance codeine are effective enough for a dry, debilitating cough without sputum discharge. However, these medicines are released strictly by prescription, as they are addictive. Modern pharmacology has no less effective, safe, non-narcotic drugs that do not affect the respiratory center. To such accessible antitussive tablets carry - "либексин", "тусупрекс" and others. They most often lower the receptor sensitivity of the bronchial mucosa (peripheral effect), but also can block the cough reflex. From this group of drugs there is no addiction, so they are used for cough therapy in children.

Multicomponent tablets for cough are effective for any course of the disease, excluding wet cough. Coughing in this case can disrupt the purifying capacity of the lungs, the withdrawal of mucus and lead to the development of pneumonia, problems with ventilation. Combined funds have the most impressive list of side effects and contraindications. It is also difficult to select the right dosage and the lack of the ability to combine them with other drugs.

When it comes to a damp cough, most often remember the popular tablets for coughing "thermopsis". And here the patient needs to be as attentive as possible. The fact is that the familiar and inexpensive means of "thermopsis" is now available in two formulations:

1. does not contain chemistry, includes only the herb of lanceolate and sodium hydrogencarbonate (possible therapy for children);
2. consists of codeine (narcotic substance), herbs of thermopsis, sodium bicarbonate and licorice root.

Consider the pharmacodynamics of this drug:

• codeine - is characterized by a minor sedative, analgesic effect, blocks the cough reflex without inhibition of the respiratory center and functions of the ciliated epithelium, does not reduce the amount of secretion in the bronchi;
• thermopsis grass (with active ingredients - isoquinoline alkaloids) - activates the respiratory and vomiting centers. It has a distinct expectorant effect, promotes activation of secretory function of bronchial glands, stimulation of ciliary epithelium and acceleration of mucus excretion;
• sodium hydrogen carbonate - causes the pH-shift of the bronchial mucus towards the alkaline medium and reduces the viscosity of sputum. Stimulates the work of ciliated epithelium and bronchioles;
• root of licorice - provides an easy divergence of secret due to the content of glycyrrhizin. Has anti-inflammatory and antispasmodic effect.

Pharmacokinetics of tablets against cough

By pharmacokinetics is understood the biochemical transformation of drug molecules in the human body. The main pharmacokinetic processes include - suction, excretory (excretory), distribution and metabolic properties.

Absorption of the tablet from cough occurs after dissolution, usually in the small intestine. Further, the molecules of the drug enter the systemic circulation. Absorption has two characteristics - the speed and degree of absorption (decreases when a pharmacological substance is used after a meal).

The distribution of the drug occurs in the blood, intercellular fluid and tissue cells.

The allocation of drugs is carried out in an unchanged form or as substances of biochemical transformation - metabolites that have higher polarity and solubility in the aqueous medium in comparison with the initial substance, which causes a simple elimination from urine.

Excretion (excretion) of the drug is possible through the urinary, digestive system, as well as through sweat, saliva and with exhaled air. The excretory function is influenced by the rate of receipt of the drug with the blood flow to the excretory organ and the characteristics of its own excretory systems. The most common way - the kidneys, bronchial glands and mucous respiratory system.

The pharmacokinetics of tablets from cough is based on the main active ingredient that is part of the drug:

• codeine - is characterized by a high rate of absorption, blocks the cough after half an hour after ingestion, provides a persistent antitussive and analgesic effect up to six hours. It is transformed in the liver, the half-life begins in 2-4 hours;
• glaucine hydrochloride - is well absorbed by the digestive system, transformation occurs in the liver, excretion by the kidneys (metabolites of the primary species);
• ambroksol - is maximally absorbed, excreted in urine;
• bromhexine - absorption reaches 99% in half an hour after use. In plasma it forms a bond with proteins. It is characterized by penetration through the placenta, accumulation in the liver, kidneys, fat and muscle tissue. Half-life occurs an hour and a half later;
• carbocisteine ​​- is actively absorbed and metabolized during the primary passage through the liver. The maximum concentration is observed two hours after oral administration. Excretion is carried out with urine practically unchanged;
• acetylcysteine ​​- has a low bioavailability (no more than 10%), which is explained by the formation of cysteine ​​during the primary passage through the liver. Peak concentrations - after 1-3 hours. Characterized by penetration through the placental barrier. For excretion, the kidneys respond, a small part of the substance in the unchanged form excretes the intestine.

Use of cough tablets during pregnancy

A pregnant woman before taking a pill from a cough should carefully study the instructions and consult a doctor. The specialist determines the cause of the cough, and prescribes the appropriate treatment. Coughing attacks not only infections of the upper or lower respiratory tract, but also allergic, neurotic reactions, stomach or diaphragm problems, thyroid disorders, cardiovascular system disorders etc.

The greatest danger is a dry, painful cough. Such seizures can increase intra-abdominal and blood pressure in a future mother, which can trigger the mechanism of premature resolution of pregnancy, placental abruption and even cause interruption pregnancy.

Most of the pharmacological drugs are prohibited for admission during the waiting period of the baby. However, the use of tablets against cough during pregnancy on the basis of plant components such as:

• "Mukaltin", containing the grass of the althea. Take under strict supervision of the doctor three to four times a day, before eating. The duration of therapy is one to two weeks;
• sucking pills-candies based on eucalyptus (better without sugar) - the inclusion of the herbal mixture in them, usually, minimally. The positive effect is achieved due to the abundant production of saliva, which moisturizes and softens the pharyngeal region and larynx, where desires for cough arise;
• drugs with active substance dextromethorphan (suppresses the cough center) is prescribed for severe attacks, when it is impossible to eliminate the problem in another way;
• bromhexine in many expectorants is also often used to treat pregnant women;
• "Bronchitis" is a German medicine made from plant components. It is indicated for any type of cough (on a tablet three times a day, after a meal). The duration of the course is from seven to ten days;
• "Ambroxol" - dilutes thick viscous mucus, facilitates expectoration. Allow for the treatment of pregnant women under supervision of a specialist in the second / third trimesters;
• "Kodelak" - is not desirable during gestation, since codeine is a drug that can cause dysfunction in embryonic development, often generates heart disease. Assign only in emergency cases, when other means are powerless.

In any case, one should not engage in self-medication during pregnancy, even with traditional medicine. Oddly enough, even plant raw materials can harm with individual intolerance. The choice of the method of treatment, the dosage of the drug and the duration of the therapeutic effect are prescribed by the doctor strictly individually.

Contraindications to the use of tablets against coughing

Each medication has indications, contraindications and a list of side effects. Tablets for cough are selected on an individual basis for each patient. Particular care should be taken when treating cough in young children, pregnant and lactating women.

Combined antitussive drugs are not prescribed in cases of individual intolerance, during pregnancy and lactation, children under two years of age, as well as with the detection of respiratory insufficiency of the second / third degree and the presence of severe bronchial asthma.

The use of expectorant tablets is inadmissible in parallel with the intake of substances that depress the cough center and inhibit the cough reflex. This combination provokes severe inflammatory diseases of the lower parts of the respiratory system (for example, pneumonia).

Contraindications to the use of tablets from cough "thermopsis" apply to infants with bronchitis or inflammation of the lungs, because with abundant sputum, they can not clear their throats, which will cause a respiratory failure. Known tablets at high dosages cause nausea in children at the beginning of the course.

Mucolytics "bromhexine", "ACTS", "ambroxol" is not recommended during the exacerbation of bronchial asthma due to the threat of bronchospasm. "Bromhexine" is contraindicated in the first three months of gestation, to children under three years old, with the presence of a stomach ulcer, recent bleeding and individual intolerance. Tablets "ACTS" can be administered after the tenth day of life, but they are not used for pulmonary hemorrhage, stomach ulcer, hepatitis, in cases of renal insufficiency and intolerance to fructose. The drug is not combined with tetracycline, a semisynthetic group of penicillins, aminoglycosides, cephalosporins, as well as with other antitussive drugs in order to avoid stagnation in respiratory ways.

Effervescent or absorbable tablets from cough are famous for their speed of digestion and efficiency, however they are not suitable for therapy of patients with high acidity, gastritis and peptic ulcer stomach.

When choosing a cough remedy, follow the instructions, but it's best to visit a literate specialist who will determine the cause of the painful condition and write the most effective means.

Side effects of tablets against cough

Tablets from cough have their list of side effects - from nausea to drug dependence.

The drug "libexin" requires admission strictly according to the prescribed schedule (four times per day in accordance with the patient's age), without chewing to avoid anesthetizing the oral mucosa. A popular medicine "stoptussin" can cause diarrhea, headache, pain in the abdomen, dyspepsia, allergic reaction and dizziness. When taking "tusupreksa", used in the treatment of dry, unproductive cough, in some patients there is a digestive disorder.

Side effects of tablets from the cough of the mucolytic group ("bromgexin", "ACTS", etc.) include the onset of bronchospasm, which is especially dangerous in the period of exacerbation of bronchial asthma. Such patients should prefer broncholytics without atropine. Admission of the drug "ACTS" in addition to the above is fraught with skin reactions, elevation of blood pressure, dyspepsia.

Tablets from a cough based on thermopsis are also capable of provoking an allergic effect (itching, rash on the skin, etc.) and cause nausea.

Medicinal substances from cough of narcotic content (for example, with codeine) cause pharmacological dependence, allergy. In case of an overdose, constipation, vomiting, delay in urine release, problems with coordination of eyeballs movement, weakness, respiratory center depression are observed.

If coughing attacks increase, and there is no opportunity to visit the doctor, then carefully study the instructions for the drug being purchased for contraindications and side effects.

Dosing and Administration

The specificity of taking antitussive drugs depends on the nature of the disease, the age of the patient, the individual characteristics organism, the presence of chronic diseases, the presence of addictions (for example, smoking), body weight and a number of other factors.

To establish the correct diagnosis, a specialist should appoint a proper treatment. The method of application and dose is also determined by the doctor individually.

Tablets for coughing "Libexin" or "Libexin muko" (with mucolytic carbocysteine, reducing the viscosity of phlegm) are used without chewing up to 4 times a day. Dosage depends on the patient's age and varies from the fourth part of the tablet to two tablets per one-time intake. The duration of the effect is up to four hours.

Tablets from cough "stoptussin" drink up to 6 times a day, since the period of partial elimination is six hours. The medicine for resorption "falimint", which helps with an unproductive irritant cough, is allowed to apply up to 10 times a day, provided the duration of therapy is not more than several days.

Mucolytic preparations based on plant raw materials should be consumed before meals. The recommended dose of "mukultina" for adults is 1-2 tablets up to 4 times a day, for children - from half a tablet to two tablets for a one-time appointment. "Thermopsis" without codeine is attributed to the tablet three times a day for up to five days. The maximum daily dosage of the drug is 0.3 g or 42 tablets. Children who have reached the age of 12 are allowed on a pill 2-3 times a day. The appointment of "bromhexine" to adults and children from 10 years is 8 mg three to four times a day. Children under two take this drug 2 mg three times a day. The treatment course can be up to four weeks.

Effervescent tablets from the cough "ATSTS" drink after eating, pre-dissolving the medicine in half a glass of water, juice or cold tea. The daily norm of the drug depends on the body weight: patients with a weight of more than 30 kg. use up to 800mg. facilities. Children dosage is selected based on age: up to 2 years - 50 mg. 2-3 times / day, from 2 to 5 years - 400 mg. in four receptions, from 6 years - 600 mg. for three sessions. Duration of treatment varies from three to six months, which is affected by the complexity of the pathological condition.

Overdose

The reaction of the body to taking a pill from a cough can be completely different. In some cases, patients are concerned about nausea due to individual intolerance to the components of the drug. An overdose of an antitussive drug can provoke an allergic reaction in the form of itching, rashes on the skin.

Symptoms of acute or chronic overdose from narcotic tablets (eg, codeine-containing):

• blurred vision;
• sticky, cold sweat;
• weakness, drowsiness;
• change in blood pressure;
• a nervous state;
• fast fatiguability;
• bradycardia;
• unreasonable anxiety;
• convulsive condition;
• respiratory problems;
• pain in the chest;
• miosis;
• stopping breathing;
• coma;
• loss of consciousness;
• the emergence of pharmacological dependence;
• loss / weight gain.

In the most severe cases, gastric lavage, restoration of respiratory system functions, normalization of pressure and work of the heart, the introduction of special substances into the vein, such as naloxone (opiod analgesic).

Interactions of tablets against cough with other drugs

Combined pills for cough with mucolytic effect "codeterpin" increase the effect of hypnotics, sedatives and analgesics. This must be taken into account before the reception of persons driving a vehicle and engaging in other activities requiring increased attention.

Antitussive drug "ACTS" is forbidden to admit with tetracycline group, semisynthetic preparations of penicillin, aminoglycosides and cephalosporins. Do not combine "ACTS" with other tablets from coughing to prevent stasis of the airways.

"Libexin" should not be combined with mucolytics, expectorants, since sputum excretion can be difficult.

With respect to the interaction of tablets against cough with other drugs that cough the cough reflex, both codeine, it can be unequivocally said that the latter complicate the coughing up of diluted sputum and its accumulation in lungs.

A number of pharmacological agents strengthen each other's action. This effect is observed with simultaneous reception of "glycodine" with narcotic antitussive agents. In this case, "glycodine" often interacts with monoamine oxidase inhibitors.

Before you start taking any cough medicine, carefully study the instruction leaflet and do not forget to notify the attending physician of the medications you take.

Conditions for storing tablets against coughing

The main conditions for the storage of tablets against cough include the following items:

• The storage location must be dry, closed to light penetration and inaccessible to children;
• the acceptable temperature is usually 15-25 ° C, unless there are specific instructions in the manual;
• place medicines away from heating / heating appliances.

Do not carefully trim the empty part of the blister to maintain the aesthetic appearance of the packaging. After a while it will be difficult or absolutely impossible to determine what helped this "white" tabletochka. Moreover, you can take the wrong medicine. The same goes for fans to shift tablets into containers from other drugs.

If the coughts, sealed in a paper blister, get wet - discard them immediately. It is unlikely that such a package will preserve the medicinal properties of the drug from the effects of the aquatic environment.

Visual discoloration of the tablet, layering, etc. is a reason for its urgent disposal.

Get a useful rule for yourself - every six months to conduct an audit in the medicine cabinet, replenish it with the most necessary medications, including antitussives. It is also expedient to store pharmacological preparations in groups according to the intended use.

Shelf life

Remember that the expiration date on the package applies only to sealed preparations. Do not store or use expired medications, no matter how "normal" they may seem.

Shelf life on tablets from cough may vary from 3 to 5 years.

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Preparations for cough

Such an unpleasant manifestation as a cough is better to treat immediately and do not wait for the symptoms to worsen. Before proceeding with treatment, it is necessary to determine the type of cough and only then resort to a special medication treatment aimed at eliminating its main manifestations.

The vast majority of drugs intended for the treatment of cough, in pharmacies are dispensed without a prescription. It is only the doctor who made the initial examination and, if necessary, prescribing tests, can correctly choose the cough drugs that completely cure the disease. And only after the diagnosis and you can buy the appropriate drugs and carry out treatment. Everyone knows that improperly selected medications can not only relieve the patient's condition, but also aggravate it.

When opportunities to address to the doctor are not present that follows independently to listen to the organism and to establish a kind of tussis. With a constant perspiration in the throat and painful coughing attacks, without mucous secretions, we can confidently say that a person has a dry, unproductive cough. After such a cough, the muscles of the abdomen and thorax strongly hurt. The cause of dry cough is irritation of cough receptors in the throat. The best cough drugs, in this case, will be the so-called antitussive.

Wet productive cough is distinguished by the discharge of various mucus and sputum. Almost always after it is necessary to expectorate. Such actions have a positive effect on the bronchi and lungs, as the mucus does not stagnate and the pathogenic bacteria do not multiply. The main causes of the disease are withdrawn spontaneously. As soon as the mucus formed has departed, the cough ceases. There are cases when the mucus is very dense and sticky, it is extremely difficult to separate from the walls of the bronchi. Sputum "help" to separate special preparations from cough. The greatest effective effect will have mucolytics and expectorants. Their action is aimed at diluting sputum and increasing its production. Now drugs are developed that combine both actions: stimulate the activity of excretion and dilute sputum, removing it from the respiratory tract.

Some people are deeply mistaken, resorting to treating coughing with codeine. This cough drug contains a drug and such treatment is unsafe. Codeine can be used exclusively in desperate cases, when all other remedies have already been tried and did not have a medicinal effect. Only in this case it is possible to try dextromethorphan and codeine, without the combinations close to their composition. All combined preparations are directed simultaneously on oppression of a cough and departure of a sputum, that as a result longly does not give a positive result. Do not resort to these drugs with a productive cough.

In addition to medicines for coughing, it is worth changing a little and the home environment. An indispensable assistant in recovery will be ionized lemon moist air. You can put a container of water on the windowsills, previously adding a few drops of lemon or mandarin essential oil or fresh lemon juice. In addition, the patient's drinking diet should significantly increase in volume, thanks to warm teas and infusions, provoking an expectorant effect.

Preparations for dry cough:

1. aimed at suppressing the cough center in the brain:
   • preparations of the butamirate group - "Panathus", "Sinekod" and "Omnitus";
   • drugs based on codeine and its derivatives - "Terkodin", "Terpinkod N", "Kodelak" and "Tedein";
   • dextromethorphan, its derivatives and combinations - "Tussin Plus", "Robittussin", "Glikodin", and "Alex Plus".
2. aimed at calming cough receptors:
   • herbal medicinal preparations, tablets and lozenges for resorption, syrups, sugar candies;
   • preparations based on prenoxdiazine - "Libexin";
   • sprays - Ingalipt, Chlorophyllipt and Cameton.
3. have an expectorant effect:
   • preparations of the carbocisteine ​​type - "Libexin Muko", "Fluviert", "Bronhobos", "Fluidite";
   • medicines such as bromhexine - "Ascoril", "Bromgexin", "Solvin";
   • medicines such as acetylcysteine ​​- "Acestine", "ACTS", "Fluimutsil", "N-AC-Ratiofarm";
   • medicines such as ambroxol - Kodelak Broncho, Flavamed, Lazolvan, Khaliksol, Lazolvan, Ambroxol, Ambrobene, Ambro Hexal.
4. phytopreparations having an expectorant effect:
   • tablets with a mother-and-stepmother, anise, plantain, marshmallow, sundew, elephant, violet, as well as syrups, gatherings and drops made on their phyto-base;
   • expectorating syrups based on herbs - "Pectusin", "Doctor Mom", "Thermopsis" and others.

Do not reduce the value of inhalation in the treatment of any of the types of cough. Peruvian balsam, eucalyptus, menthol, camphor have a wonderful effect.

Sometimes, cough is the first sign of the appearance of bronchitis. In this case, cough preparations should direct their action to improve the function of the drainage function of the bronchi. With bronchitis sputum is observed in large volumes, it is very thick, dense and viscous. Its high concentration is due to a long finding in the bronchi and reproduction of pathogenic microorganisms. Therefore, sputum for bronchitis is yellow, as it contains a large amount of pus. It is necessary as soon as possible to withdraw it from the lungs and the respiratory tract. In this case, bronchodilators and various expectorants will help.

Expectorants affect the properties of sputum, changing them and facilitating its release from the body.

Expectorants for cough are classified according to the mechanism of their action:

1. rehydration of mucous secretions;
2. secretolytic mechanism of excretion;
3. expectorant stimulants.

Preparations that act reflexively after admission to patients begin to irritate the receptors of the stomach, this causes an arbitrary excitation in the vagus nerve located in the medulla oblongata. Due to this, there is an increase in secretion from the bronchial mucosa and, as a consequence, liquefaction of the secretion with increased peristaltic movements of the bronchial muscles.

Reflex-acting drugs include saponins and alkaloids found in plants. The most common expectorants include infusions from the herb of thermopsis, plantain leaves and coltsfoot, licorice roots, cyanosis, ipecacuanas, althaea, elecampane. From them prepare various medicinal preparations, gathering, decoctions, infusions. The only thing that, depending on the purpose, is the dominant influence.

The action of resorptive drugs is based on absorption in the gastrointestinal tract and secretion of bronchi in the mucous glands. Thanks to this, bronchial secretion, which acquires a watery character, significantly increases, which serves as a basis for facilitating expectoration.

Expectorants, which are based on iodine, help to break down sputum proteins, thereby reducing the density of mucus and facilitating its excretion from the body.

The most common expectorants are tinctures of eucalyptus, anise and herb thyme, eucalyptus oil, potassium iodide solution and terpinhydrate.

Mucolytic drugs, due to their chemical properties, dilute sputum. The proteolytic enzymes contained in them help in rupturing the peptide bonds of phlegm. As a consequence, it is diluted and well expectorates. In this case, chymopsin, trypsin, deoxyribonuclease, chymotrypsin proved to be particularly effective. Almost always, these elements are used as inhalations, in some cases are administered endobronchially. Side effects of such drugs can be bleeding, bronchospasm and allergies. Therefore, they are contraindicated in obstructive bronchitis.

The effect of amino acids is aimed at dilution of sputum due to disruption of disulfide bonds of proteins. The main drugs are based on Mystarbone, Acetylcysteine ​​and Carbocysteine. They all have a similar mechanism of action. Acetylcysterine can withstand free radicals and oxygen metabolites, but practically does not perform respiratory protection. Mystrabon is more often used for intensive therapy during intrabronchial infusions, but simple inhalations are also possible. It is forbidden to be taken together with antibiotics such as aminoglycoside, which reduce the activity of the drug. The main contraindication is bronchial asthma.

Mukoregulatory drugs for cough, are an improved version of mucolytic drugs. Their action is directed to the destruction of mucopolysaccharides and mucoproteins contained in sputum, which is why secretion is intensified and expectoration occurs. An important property of mucoregulators is the ability to restore the ciliated epithelium and intensify its activity, as a result, there is an increased synthesis of the surfactant and its breakdown is suspended.

In cases where a patient with whooping cough, pleurisy, acute respiratory viral infection, there is a dry, hysterical cough with painful sensations, it is worth using narcotic drugs, less often non-narcotic. The greatest efficacy is achieved with the use of drugs coterpine, phosphate, ethylmorphine, methylmorphine. Contraindication is a long-term use, causing a strong addiction and dependence, as a result of the oppression of the respiratory center. In such cases, glaucine hydrochloride, libexine, bithiodine is recommended. These cough drugs do not depress the respiratory center and their use does not cause dependence.

Reducing the severity of cough for colds can be achieved by using antihistamines. They are part of a complex of almost all cold medicines.

Remember that cough is only a symptom in various pathological diseases, which should be identified before starting treatment and taking medications for cough.

kashelb.com

Cough for adults

When choosing a cough medicine, one should not only know all the pros and cons of a particular drug, but also understand for which age category it is more preferable. This article is devoted to cough medicines for adults.

Drug for dry coughing for adults

With a dry cough in his life dealt with almost every person. For today in drugstores it is possible to find the big choice of the preparations effective enough at treatment of a dry cough, both at children, and at adults.

The main cure for dry cough for adults is the translation of the so-called unproductive cough into a productive cough, in other words from dry to wet. The process of sputum removal from the lungs means the beginning of recovery, as this means the beginning of the withdrawal of the infection. For this reason, often the patient is prescribed drugs that cause expectoration - thus, artificial expansion of the bronchi occurs.

Also, when dry cough helps mineral water, for example, "Borjomi". It contains in its composition substances that promote the withdrawal of sputum from the lungs. It is important that the mineral water is really good, preferably from pharmacies.

Drug for wet coughing for adults

The means for treating wet cough substantially differ from the means for treating a dry cough, and the treatment means used differ depending on whether they are shown to adults or to children. Any means passes its coordination with the doctor, due to the presence of individual specificity: whether synthetic components, plant or essential oils predominate. In addition, one should not take the same medicine for a long time due to the addiction of the organism to it, since then there is no reaction to the medicine.

The medicine for wet coughing adults is shown by both folk and generally accepted medications. Means of traditional medicine are directed, as a rule, to dilution of sputum. For these purposes, hot tea is suitable, combined with lemon and raspberries, cowberry syrup, honey and warmed milk. It is required to maintain the humidity of the air in the room at the proper level, to use household humidifiers if necessary. When an acute need is allowed to hang in the room wet sheets or spray indoor air with a special tool. The remedies shown with a damp cough have a tendency to intensify the expectoration, in addition they contribute to the liquefaction of sputum. According to the principle of action, they are divided into two main groups. Resorptive preparations are made using a base in the form of iodides and sodium, reflexes are produced from substances of plant origin, they act for 3-4 hours. When using the above drugs, stimulation of the gastric receptors involved in coughing occurs, so dosage should be done carefully, in order to avoid emetic pushes.

Good (effective) cough for adults

Cough itself does not represent any significant threat to health, but its presence indicates that the body has undergone a certain external pathogenic effect. By exhaling air, repeated with a certain periodicity, self-regulation of the organism is carried out by removing microorganisms, mucus and sputum accumulated in the lungs. Cough by its appearance may contribute to a certain irritation or swelling of the mucous membrane of the throat, adversely affect the area of ​​the trachea and bronchi. You may need additional cough medicine, in the case when the painful condition leads to a deterioration in the overall picture.

A good cough for an adult can be very different. When it comes to a group of medications for cough, it is usually sprays, pills, drops, inhalers, syrups. The unit for tablets is of various types: some help to suppress cough, others allow expectoration of sputum.

Drugs that contribute to suppression, differ in the central and peripheral action. The use of them is allowed only after reaching the age of 14, and it is necessary to strictly maintain the dosage calculated for one day. Preparations of peripheral action inhibit cough, facilitate breathing and favor the work of the brain. Drugs that act centrally do not have an effect on the respiratory system, they contribute to the dilution of sputum and their subsequent withdrawal.

Best Cough Tablets for Adults

The best medicines have always been those that, at first, help normalize the pressure, and then provide suppression of the cough reflex.

• if the cough is not very strong, medicinal candies containing peppermint, eucalyptus, sage are not bad enough.
• very reliable and verified Bronholitin, Libexin.
• when cough accompanied by abundant phlegm, subsequently poorly separable, adequate drugs can become Lazolvan, Bromhexin, ACTS, Acetylcysteine. They not only provide protection against inflammation, but also contribute to the narrowing of the bronchi.
• Among the drugs that suppress and reduce the cough center are Stoptusin, Sinekod, Tusuprex.

Home remedies for coughing adults

A very effective remedy for coughing at home is a cocktail of milk with soda and honey. Milk needs to be warmed up, slightly not bringing it to a boil, and stir in it half a teaspoon of soda with a couple of teaspoons of honey. The resulting broth should be drunk instantly.

A good medicine for coughing has shown itself a composition that includes milk with honey and fat, as well as a decoction of mint, dog rose, and chamomile.

In the absence of temperature and a cough that lasted for a long enough period, together with medicamentous means and heated broths it is necessary to steam out the legs, rub the body with goose fat or balsam Star.

It is useful to carry out inhalations for a couple, which in a short time can even a very cold man with a strong cough lead into working condition.

Honey cake for cough

It is executed in several variants:

• Mix honey with flour to form a test of the required viscosity. Used two teaspoons of honey.
• All the same, but instead of flour used powder from mustard. In order to obtain the necessary viscosity, a little vodka or oil is added.
• 2-3 small boiled potatoes must be cleaned and chopped, so as to gradually mix them in honey.
• The salt is mixed with honey, a bit of sunflower oil is added.
• Regardless of the version used, the resultant mass is laid on gauze or bandage, folded several times. Honey cake is applied to the center of the chest.

kashelb.com

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