Eye prostheses: types, features of application and care rules

The installation of an eye prosthesis is the only way to return patients who have lost one eye to a normal life.The degree of effectiveness of prosthetics depends on the correct selection of the product - the higher the degree of its compliance with the natural eye of a person, the better the rehabilitation will be. Medical products can be standard or individual, special attention in clinical practice is given to their safety.Qualitative prostheses necessarily go with certificates of conformity, which you can ask the seller at the time of the purchase.

When prosthetics are necessary

Eye prostheses solve not only aesthetic and psychological problems of the patient. If a person who has lost his eye, will not wear his replacement, eventually the conjunctival cavity will become smaller, and the eyelashes begin to bend inward, bringing a lot of inconveniences and becoming the main cause of the development of chronic inflammatory processes.

Prosthetics of the eye solve important aesthetic, physiological and psychological problems.

Particularly important role of prosthetics plays in children - finding the conjunctival cavity of the eye replacement stimulates the growth processes of the orbital bones.If the prosthesis is not performed, the bones grow slowly, and the asymmetry of the face develops. When necessary, doctors before the prosthesis spend eyelid surgery, correction of the conjunctiva cavity, create a locomotorium stump, perform enucleation, evisceration or evisceroenucleation with implantation.

As a rule, prosthetics is prescribed in case of partial or complete removal of the eyeball due to such diseases:

1. Extensive trauma to the eye followed by its removal.
2. Congenital anomalies, which resulted in the atrophy of the visual organ with subsequent necrosis.
3. Atrophy of the optic nerve in conjunction with infectious neuritis, which caused a complication in the form of infection of all tissues of the eye.
4. Cancerous tumors.

Partial prosthetics is the replacement of the lens with cataract, vitreous with extensive hemophthalmia, aphakia - complete absence of the lens, strong coloboma, affecting the quality of acuity view.

Kinds

Taking into account the used production technology, eye designs are divided into individual and standard.All products are manufactured in specialized laboratories by hand - attempts to automate their production processes were made, but the required result was not given.

All products for prosthetics are made strictly by hand.

Standard products are universal, and the peculiarities of the eye cavity of a particular patient are not taken into account.Individual are made under the order taking into account features of a structure of a conjunctival cavity of the concrete patient, color, relief characteristics of a sclera and an iris of a healthy eye.

The sizes of prostheses are:

• small;
• large;
• average;
• micro.

On the side of wearing:

• left;
• rights.

According to the form:

• ball;
• ellipse;
• etc.

During the classification of products take into account and such characteristics as planting of the iris, the color of the sclera and iris, the material of manufacture.Plastic today are much in demand than glass because they are more durable, safe, do not break. Also thin-walled products are used, which are used during the formation of the cavity of the eye and for cosmetic masking defect eyes with a thorn, thick-walled, double-walled - they are used in the total absence of their own eye apple.

Children's and adult prostheses are not divided - the selection of products is carried out according to the size.

Care of the prosthesis

Before performing operations to insert and remove the eye prosthesis, wash your hands thoroughly, prepare eye drops, napkins, a sucker. Be sure to sit at a table covered with a soft cloth, and in front of you place a mirror.

Extraction of the prosthesis

The procedure for extracting the prosthesis is as follows:

• lift the upper eyelid;
• moisten the sucker;
• Suck the sucker and press it against the imitated pupil;
• release the sucker;
• under the denture, run some air along the top edge;
• Suction cup slowly pull forward;
• take the prosthesis downward.

  Extraction of the eye prosthesis

How to install

How can I put a prosthesis myself? Proceed according to the following scheme:

• Wash the product and carefully enter it under the upper eyelid (it's best to do this until the denture is dry).
• Look up and gently pull the lower eyelid.
• Finish entering the product, slightly turning it to the temporal side.
• Press down on the denture and slightly stir it - this is necessary to release air.

  Installation of the eye prosthesis

How to clean

The prosthetic eye is washed in warm water with soap - alcohol can not be used.Do not remove the postoperative product. Be sure to strictly observe the rules of personal hygiene, keep your eyes closed while washing.

If the prosthesis is in the cavity of the eye for a long time, it begins to irritate the conjunctiva.

How often is cleaning required?

Standard cleaning is done once in two weeks. Check with your doctor for details.

Cleaning the eye prosthesis

Terms of replacement and storage

Adult patients wear the prosthesis for 8-10 months, and then replace it with a new one.Do this necessarily, because the surface of the product as a result of constant wearing becomes rough, on it appear furrows and small shells, traumatizing the mucous eyes.

Required attributes for storing the prosthesis

Planned replacement of plastic products is carried out once in two years, glass annually.

It is necessary to wear a prosthesis constantly. If you remove it at night, do not put in water or a disinfectant solution - wash with warm water and soap, put on a cloth.

Video

conclusions

Eye prosthetics allow the patient, who has lost his eye, to return to normal life.Both in adult and in childhood, wearing dentures is mandatory. Planned replacement is made 1-2 times a year (glass products need to be changed more often).

Surgeons-ophthalmologists resort to prosthetics only in neglected cases, when no other corrective practice is able to restore the eyeball. Until then, various ophthalmic techniques for preserving the eye can be used, even taking into account the loss of its main function.