Solar and heat stroke: symptoms, treatment, first aid, what to do

Solar and heat stroke: symptoms

With heat and sunlight, the victims complain of:

1. headache,
2. noise in the ears,
3. weakness,
4. leg pain,
5. nausea and vomiting.

Later signs are attached to these symptoms:

1. darkening in the eyes,
2. dyspnea,
3. heartbeat.

If the child or adult is still in the same conditions and is not helped, his condition deteriorates sharply, the following symptoms appear:

1. cyanosis of the face,
2. very severe shortness of breath,
3. pulse becomes weak and frequent.

The patient loses consciousness, there are convulsions, delusions, hallucinations, body temperature rises to 40-41 degrees. In the end, the victim dies from the phenomena of deep disruption of the cardiovascular system( insufficiency) in the phenomena and paralysis of the respiratory center.

Solar and heat stroke: degrees

There are several degrees of solar or thermal shock: light, medium and heavy. They are characterized by the following manifestations.

Easy degree

1. General weakness,
2. headache,
3. nausea,
4. of pulse and respiratory rate,
5. dilated pupils.

Average degree

1. Severe adynamia,
2. severe headache with nausea and vomiting,
3. stupidity,
4. motion uncertainty,
5. unstable gait,
6. sometimes fainting condition,
7. increased heart rate and respiration,
8. increased body temperature to 39-40 degrees.

Heavy Degree

A severe degree of heat stroke develops suddenly.

The face is hyperemic, later pale-cyanotic. There are cases of a change in consciousness from mild to coma, clonic and tonic convulsions, delusions, hallucinations, fever to 41-42 degrees, sudden death. Mortality is 20-30%.

First aid, treatment: what to do with heat and sunstroke

Remove from overheating zone, provide first aid. Do everything carefully and carefully.

Emergency care should be aimed at prompt cooling of the body.

For this purpose, use both general( immersion in bath with water 18-20 degrees, wetting the skin of the patient with room temperature water with blown warm air) and local hypothermia( ice on the head, axillary and inguinal areas, rubbing with sponges moistened with alcohol).When cooled, the victim often has motor and mental agitation.

If breathing stops or a sudden breakdown occurs, artificial ventilation should be started. When the patient comes to, give him a cool fluffy drink( hard brewed cold tea).

Treatment of the injured person should be carried out in a specialized medical institution, but measures aimed at cooling the body should be started during transportation of the affected person.

Solar and heat stroke: what to do, first aid, symptoms, treatment

First-aid first

Urgently! Eliminate thermal effects:

1. remove the injured from the overheating zone;
2. lay in the open area in the shade;
3. inhalation of ammonia from vapors;
4. free from outer clothing;
5. wetting your face with cold water, patting your chest with a wet towel;
6. put on your head a bubble with cold water;
7. frequent feathering;
8. call the ambulance brigade.

Prevention

In order to prevent heat and sunstroke, the following recommendations should be fulfilled:

1. On hot days with high humidity, it is desirable to open air up to 10-11 hours of the day, later it is possible to stay in the green zone in the shade of trees.
2. Exit the room only in the headdress.
3. It is advisable to transfer the main meal to the evening hours.
4. Instead of water, you can use acidified or sweetened tea, rice or cherry broth, bread kvass.
5. Restriction of fatty and protein foods.
6. Prohibition of alcoholic beverages.
7. Clothing should be light, loose, of cotton fabrics, for persistent evaporation of perspiration.
8. Unreasonable excessive use of cosmetics and creams - they interfere with the normal functioning of the skin. Do not interfere with your epidermis.

Thermal( solar) shock in children: symptoms, first aid

Symptoms of

1. General weakness,
2. unconsciousness,
3. nausea,
4. vomiting,
5. fever,
6. frequent weak pulse,
7. epistaxis.

In children under one year of age and younger, the symptoms of heat stroke develop more often and are more severe. Appear reddening, and then the pallor of the face. The child is nervous, then becomes sluggish. There is a cold sweat, sometimes yawning, belching, nausea, frustration and quickening of the stool. There may be convulsive twitching of the muscles of the face and limbs.

The first first aid

1. The patient should be placed in the shade and plenty of cold water( drink often and in small sips).
2. Head, heart area and whole body should be watered first with cool, then with cold water for 10-15 minutes.
3. To give a sniff of ammonia, inside - drops of Zelenin, Corvalol or Cordiamin( 25-30 drops).
4. If breathing is inundated, give artificial respiration.
5. After first aid, the patient on a stretcher should be sent to a medical institution.

Additionally read page: Thermal and solar shock in a child, sunburn.

Prevention

1. Walking up to 11 hours with a mandatory headgear.
2. Clothing is light, made of cotton fabrics.
3. Avoid prolonged standing under direct sunlight.
4. Limit excess physical activity( competition, long transitions).
5. Eliminate emotional stress.
6. In the diet - vegetable and fruit dishes, limit fatty foods, excessive amounts of meat products.
7. Drinking up to 1.5-2 liters of liquid: cool tea, mors, juices, kvass.

Overheating occurs easily in children under 1 year. Excessive wrapping, the use of clothing made of synthetic fabrics, a prolonged high ambient temperature, direct exposure to sunlight can lead to overheating of the child.

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Symptoms and signs of sunstroke in adults

The first symptom of sunstroke becomes severe headache .As a rule, after a few minutes of being under the scorching sun, a person may begin to get very dizzy, which in time will develop into an almost constant headache. It should be noted that it is best to immediately consult a doctor after finding this symptom, as this will help reduce the risk of occurrence and other signs of a sunstroke.

The second symptom of the of this ailment becomes the body temperature rise .So, a person becomes more difficult to stand on his feet, his body weakens, and the temperature indicator tirelessly grows. This is due to the completely natural reaction of the body to all those processes that caused the sunstroke.

The third symptom of is nausea and vomiting .As a rule, after a person's head starts to ache, he can complain of abdominal pain. The fact is that after about an hour, or even a longer period of time, the patient will begin to feel very sick, and a little later it will develop into bouts of vomiting. However, it is worth noting that even after the person is sick, he will not feel any relief. This characteristic is fundamental and it is due to its presence that many people immediately begin to suspect the sunstroke.

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The first symptom of a sunstroke becomes a child irritability .So, parents will notice that the baby is difficult to put to bed and he practically can not calm down. The child literally comes to a state of rabies if he does not like something. Although such behavior can be without any particular reason, it is the sunstroke that largely provokes this change in character.

The second symptom of will help parents to make sure the diagnosis is correct. So, after the irritability subsides, the baby becomes very sluggish .Literally for a minute he loses all interest in everything that he did before and begins to complain to parents about indescribable weakness. As a rule, the child falls asleep five minutes after he gave his parents to understand that something is wrong with him.

The third symptom of is the temperature rise. It should be noted that it is by the exponent of the thermometer that parents can determine the presence of a sunstroke. So, the temperature rises sharply and lasts a long time. The most frequent indicator is the forty-degree mark. It is also important that the usual medications that usually cope and lower the temperature, in this situation can not help.

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Someone loves the heat, enjoys every ray of the sun and loves to melt on the beach. Someone can not stand it, all summer hides in the shade and in the autumn stands out in the crowd milky-white skin color. These are extremes, you will say. Perhaps I will answer. But both are equally at risk of getting hit.

The sunstroke is an acute painful condition that arises from overheating of the head with direct sun rays: the blood vessels of the brain expand, a strong flow of blood to the head occurs. Heat stroke is the same, but not from the direct rays of the sun, but from being in a stuffy, poorly ventilated room.

In some cases, ruptures of small blood vessels of the brain may occur, which can cause disturbances in the central and peripheral nervous systems of a person.

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Source: NGNogov. Official and traditional medicine. The most detailed encyclopedia.- Moscow: Izd-vo Eksmo, 2012.