Antibiotics for diarrhea

If a person visits the toilet for bowel movement more than three times, then one can talk about diarrhea. It can occur with various pathological processes that occur not only in the gastrointestinal tract.

In case of serious illness, a person can not go far from the toilet, as the urge appears quickly and 20-30 times a day. But antibiotics for diarrhea are prescribed in exceptional cases, and only when the infection is acute.

Causes of diarrhea

Diarrhea is not a separate disease, it is just a symptom that makes it clear that the digestive tract is a pathological process. During diarrhea, the stool becomes watery, because the digestive process is accelerated by the increase in intestinal peristalsis, which is necessary for the rapid elimination of toxin.

Can it be a dangerous symptom or does it cause only inconvenience? The intestines do not absorb the necessary substances and water for the body, which can cause dehydration or mucosal intestinal disorders.

Liquid stool in humans occurs as a result of:

• development of bacterial infection( not only bacteria capable of causing disturbances, but also the toxins they produce);
• infection with a viral infection( enterovirus, calicivirus, rotovirus);
• intestinal dysfunction due to the activity of helminths( worms);
• of an inflammatory process that occurs in the large or small intestine;
• pathologies of the digestive tract( lactase deficiency, lack of enzymes and bile, impaired absorption);
• poisoning;
• dysbacteriosis( change in the ratio of useful and pathogenic microflora);
• of an allergic reaction;
• overeating;
• consuming excessively fatty foods.

Antibacterial agents for diarrhea are not always justified

Antibiotics are prescribed only if diarrhea is caused by a bacterial infection, such as cholera, salmonella, dysentery. The drug is necessary to destroy the pathogenic microflora that develops in the gastrointestinal tract.

When poisoning with stale products in the gastrointestinal tract penetrate the toxins that the body tries to infer with vomiting and diarrhea. In such a case, an antibiotic is not required. Assigned sorbents( Smecta, activated charcoal), which bind toxins and out, this helps stop diarrhea.

In viral diseases, antibiotics are useless, because they are unable to somehow influence the life cycle of the virus. To cure diarrhea, antiviral drugs will be needed. Being in the intestine helminth, in the course of life activates toxins, which lead to intoxication or disruption of the integrity of the intestinal wall. Treatment is required anthelmintnymi drugs and spent a long time to destroy not only adults, but also larvae.

It is forbidden to take antibacterial drugs with antibiotic-associated diarrhea, that is, stool disorders caused by drug therapy. Antibiotics of a wide spectrum kill not only pathogenic flora, but also useful.

Therefore, against the background of a long reception of antibiotics, the intestinal microflora changes, which provokes the appearance of diarrhea. A similar condition occurs after colon colonization with beneficial bacteria. This process can be accelerated by taking probiotics, consuming a lot of sour-milk products.

Signs of bacterial infection

Statistically, most people develop diarrhea due to bacterial infection. It can enter the body with contaminated water, unwashed products, as a result of non-compliance with basic hygiene.

The doctor will prescribe an antibiotic if the patient has the following symptoms:

• abundant discharge;
• stool is liquid with green impregnations or green mucus;
• produced a lot of mucus;
• has a bloody discharge.

Also, often bacterial diarrhea is accompanied by vomiting, fever, painful urges for defecation( tenesmus)

. If you notice that diarrhea started with blood, then urgently you need to seek medical help. Such a symptom is very disturbing, it can indicate the development of a tumor in the intestine, hemorrhoids, or Crohn's disease.

When an antibiotic is needed for diarrhea

Taking an antibiotic for diarrhea requires the following diseases.

Dysentery

The causative agent is Shegel, the toxins of which affect the large intestine. Infection occurs contact-household, water and alimentary. The disease manifests itself in abdominal pain, dysentery, hyperthermia, lethargy.

With an average degree of flow, the stool frequency can reach 20 times a day, and while there are contents in the intestine, stools go out with mucus, pus and blood, then only mucus and blood leave. The acute stage can last from 4 to 30 days.

Salmonellosis

Non-compliance with hygiene can lead to infection with salmonella. The bacterium multiplies in the large intestine and secretes a toxin that breaks the tone of the vessels, leads to loss of fluid and causes damage to the nervous system. A distinctive sign of the disease is a frequent watery stool. With a mild infection and with no blood in the stool, antibiotics are not prescribed.

Typhoid typhus

Bacilli infect the intestinal mucosa and disrupt its peristalsis. Circulating bacteria in the bloodstream are partially killed, which leads to the release of endotoxin( if it is many, the patient may have an infectious-toxic shock).

Symptoms of the disease are pallor of the skin, decreased appetite, headache, bloating, constipation, diarrhea, hyperthermia, a rash appears. In especially severe cases, hallucinations, delusions, and inhibition are possible.

Cholera

The disease is of an epidemiological nature. Infection occurs through contaminated water and food, flies also carry the infection. Cholera toxin in mild form of the disease can cause a single vomiting and diarrhea, a strong thirst, weakness. With severe stool more than 20 times a day, abdominal pain is absent, frequent vomiting, muscle cramps appear, the patient can not quench his thirst. Death can occur within 2 days.

Escherichiosis

The pathogen infects the small intestine, with a pronounced intoxication syndrome may be absent. The patient feels weak, the temperature is normal or slightly increased, the abdominal pain is cramped, the stool is liquid, plentiful, after becoming buffeless, watery. Why there was diarrhea and what it should be treated by a doctor. The patient is assigned to give blood and feces for analysis. If diarrhea has an unclear etiology, then symptomatic therapy is performed.

Do not try to diagnose yourself with diarrhea, this should be done by a doctor based on the results of laboratory tests.

. What antibiotic to drink with bacterial diarrhea?

. The choice of an antibiotic depends on the cause of the disorder of the stool. The purpose of antibiotic therapy is to destroy the pathogenic microflora and restore the intestine functionality. Also, the treatment regimen can include sulfonamide, antiseptic drugs, means for normalizing the intestinal microflora, probiotics, peristalsis inhibitors and secretions, antidiarrheal, astringent and enveloping drugs. The most commonly prescribed antibiotics for severe diarrhea in adults are

:

• Levomycetin .This is a broad-spectrum drug, that is, it can suppress an infection caused by several bacteria. Effective against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, causative agents of intestinal infections. The drug disrupts the process of protein synthesis in a microbial cell, which makes its reproduction impossible. It is prescribed if other antibacterial drugs are ineffective( refers to reserve), because it has a long list of contraindications and side effects. You need to take the pill 2-3 times a day. Duration of the course is 7 days.
• Amoxicillin .The drug is effective in controlling intestinal infections. It belongs to the group of penicillin antibiotics, which means that it is the safest and, like all antibiotics of this series, is destroyed by beta-lactamase. Prevents reproduction and causes lysis of gram-positive and gram-negative cocci and several gram-negative rods. Stable in acidic medium, after 1-2 hours after ingestion it accumulates in therapeutic doses in the intestinal mucosa.2 capsules are taken 3-4 times a day.
• Metronidazole .Refers to broad-spectrum antibiotics. Suppresses the synthesis of nucleic acids, which leads to the death of the bacterium. Effective in relation to protozoa, obligate anaerobic and some gram-positive bacteria. In combination with amoskicillin has a synergistic effect. You need to drink 2 tablets per day.
• Ciprofloxacin .Strong antibiotic. Effective in the development of infection in the gastrointestinal tract, caused by enterotoxigenic strains of Escherichia coli. The drug is able to enhance or inhibit the effects of many drugs. It is taken within 5 days for 1-2 tablets.

After taking antibiotics, it is necessary to restore the intestinal microflora

Which antibiotics is more suitable for the doctor to determine, not only from the symptoms of the disease, but also taking into account the state of the patient's gastrointestinal tract and previous antibiotic therapy. Treatment can be carried out on an outpatient basis or in a hospital setting, provided that the patient is given injections.

First aid for diarrhea

Before consulting a doctor and making an accurate diagnosis, the following recommendations are recommended. It is necessary to drink a lot of liquid. Since diarrhea violates the water-salt balance, it must be normalized. It will help saline, salted water or a decoction based on chamomile.

You should drink sorbents( coal, Enterosgel, Smektu).They will help to remove harmful substances from the body. Abstain from eating in the first 4-6 hours, then adhere to a diet that excludes green tea, coffee, fruit juices, dairy and flour products, pork and all spicy from the diet.

It is recommended to consume jelly, a decoction of raspberry leaves, bird cherries, chamomile, sour-milk products, porridges on water, soups. During a long reception of antibiotics, you need to maintain the digestive system. First, do not overload it, and secondly, take lactobacilli, which are contained in medicines and in sour-milk products.

If diarrhea persists for a long time( more than three days), then you should consult a doctor. How long therapy will last depends on the cause of diarrhea and the severity of the course of the disease. A five-day course may be sufficient, or it may be necessary to take antibacterial drugs ten days after the recovery of the stool.