Polynevitis: symptoms and treatment

Polynevitis: symptoms and treatment

Polyneuritis is an ailment that is a multiple disorder of peripheral nerve endings.

It manifests itself in the form of paresis, decrease in sensitivity, and also in the form of various disorders of the trophic type.

Acute or chronic polyneuritis usually develops due to exposure to the body of mechanical or toxic factors.

Sensitivity disorders lead to the appearance of changes in the myelin sheath, as well as interstitium.

1. Weakness
2. Fragility of nails
3. Peeling of the skin of the legs
4. Edema of the lower limbs
5. Loss of sensation of the legs
6. Deep reflex disorder
7. Cyanosis of the lower extremities
8. Thinning of the skin on the limbs
9. Loss of vibratory sensations

Causes of the disease

Polyneuritis occurs due to the influence of such factors:

• poisoning the body with arsenic, lead, mercury, sulfocarbonate or other dangerous poisons, the excretion of which can not be cured by the kidneys;
• improper treatment of a patient with isoniazid, bismuth or other antibiotics to which the kidneys are sensitive;
• viral as well as bacterial ailments;
• diseases of oncological type;
• problems with the functioning of the endocrine gland (for example, hypercorticosis);
• other diseases of the internal organs, namely the pancreas, kidneys or liver;
• genetic defects.

Polyneuritis is divided into two main groups:

1. axonopathy. With this variety, axons suffer - the cylinders of the nerve axis. It usually occurs when poisoning with toxic substances;
2. neuropathy demyelinating type. In this case, the myelin sheath of the nerve endings of the kidneys and other organs is affected. Distinguish the disease, transmitted by inheritance and its autoimmune variety.

A separate type of the disease is alcoholic polyneuritis - a disease of the nerve trunks. Alcoholic polyneuritis usually affects the distal parts of the nerve endings in the kidneys.

As a consequence, the muscles lose strength, there is paralysis and a sensitivity disorder. Symptoms of such a disease as alcoholic polyneuritis are usually noted in individuals who regularly abuse strong alcoholic beverages.

Their kidneys can not cope with constantly getting into the body poisons.

Symptomspolyneuritis

Demyelinating polyneuropathy is characterized by defeat of motor fibers. The patient has a disorder of deep reflexes and a violation of sensitivity.

Also a symptom is the loss of vibratory sensations and ataxia of the sensitive type. Clinical symptoms are represented by peripheral paresis of the lower or upper extremities.

The patient is observed:

• inconsistency of the stage of paresis and degree of muscle atrophy;
• predominant weakness;
• loss of sensitivity in the limbs;
• thinning of the skin on the limbs (more often - brushes or feet);
• cyanosis on the lower limbs, the presence of edema and peeling;
• fragility of the nails.

Chronic polyneuritic syndrome involves the formation of thickening in the nerves, which leads to an early disorder of sensitivity.

To eliminate the effect on the nerve endings and restore the myelin sheath, it is necessary to conduct competent treatment of the disease for 6-10 weeks.

Types

Distinguish the following varieties of the disease:

Polyneuritis of lower extremities

1. infectious type.Appears because of catarrh of the upper respiratory tract. Such a variety as infectious polyneuritis involves an increase in temperature, as well as inflammation of the cells;
2. diphtheria type.Appears when the treatment is wrong or untimely. The soft sky paralyzes, the nasal voice intensifies. Eating as a result of a vagus nerve disease is usually difficult;
3. lead type.Appears often due to the use of a sour berry jam, which was stored in a pot of clay. The disease affects the radial nerves. The patient complains of pain in the abdomen, as well as lead plaque in the gum area;
4. arsenic type.There are two of its types: household, as well as professional. Symptoms of the disease are stomach pain, vomiting and paralysis of the lower limbs;
5. diabetic type.Implies the defeat of the nerves of the face, hands or feet;
6. professional type.It occurs in people whose professional activity is associated with instruments that emit vibration or work, suggesting a strong muscle tension. Symptoms are pain in the hand, paleness of the fingertips and sweating.

Treatmentpolyneuritis

The treatment of polyneuritis, as a rule, differs depending on the cause of its appearance and the degree of sensitivity disorder. After conducting a thorough diagnosis, the doctor will find out the causes of the disease and prescribe the exact treatment to minimize the consequences of the disease.

The doctor can treat different stages of pathology in different ways, and here the important role is played by how timely the therapy was started. If this vegetative illness is in the initial stage, drug therapy is used. The doctor prescribes to the patient the preparations of this type:

• anti-inflammatory;
• painkillers;
• accelerating metabolism in tissues;
• stimulating movements of the extremities.

If a patient has an exacerbation of the disease and the symptoms of the disease increase, he is prescribed treatment with physiotherapy (UHF therapy, electrophoresis).

It is also important to take care of proper nutrition. For the patient it is especially important to include in his diet products containing vitamin B1. It is found in yeast, rye bread and liver. If a patient has a history of diabetes, he also needs to limit carbohydrate intake.

In addition to proper nutrition, doctors recommend exercise therapy. Massage and mud baths will also be an excellent addition to the complex of treatment of sensitivity disorders.

Folk remedies for polyneuritis can not be taken independently without the knowledge of the doctor, as this can only exacerbate the course of the disease.

As a preventive measure, it is necessary to observe working conditions at the enterprise, where work with chemicals is carried out.

A source: http://SimptoMer.ru/bolezni/nevrologiya/951-polinevrit-simptomy

Polynevitis: symptoms, causes, treatment

Polyneuritis - a disease in the form of multiple disorders of nerve endings.

Can manifest as paresis, decreased sensitivity or various trophic disorders.

Polyneuritis leads to vegetative, motor and sensitive disorders of the nerves. The disease can occur in acute or chronic form.

Types of polyneuritis

There are several types of polyneuritis:

• Alcoholic. Sensitive and motor disorders are characteristic for this species. The defining symptom is mental disorders. Distinctions in the memory, which are replaced by fictions or distortions of the events that occurred, are very pronounced. Polyneuritis begins. Legs and arms turn blue, lose mobility and sensitivity.

1. Polyneuritis of the kidneys. Development occurs with pyelonephritis and glomerulonephritis of severe form. At the same time, glomerular filtration is impaired. First there are swelling, then the arms and legs become weak.
2. Acute. Development occurs during or after a viral illness. After eliminating the cause, it begins to break limbs, the temperature changes and burning pains occur. Symptoms increase from a few hours to a few days.
3. Diabetic. He is suffering from diabetes. Often violations in the limbs begin before the main symptoms of the disease. They can last a long time if the treatment is successful. The patient is difficult to walk, just to manipulate his fingers, accompanied by paresis and muscle atrophy.
4. Chronic. Develops gradually, if the provoking factor acts constantly. Begins atrophy and weakness in the muscles of the limbs. There is a disorder of speech and inflammation of the brain.
5. Toxic polyneuritis. It starts because of alcohol or salts of heavy metals. Can have a sharp and subacute shape. A sharp poisoning is accompanied by vomiting, diarrhea and pain. Then there are obvious signs of polyneuritis, the general condition worsens.
6. Vegetative. Appears with intoxication, poor working conditions or thyrotoxicosis. The disease is characterized by burning pain throughout the body. Worsens trophic tissue, changes body temperature, there is excessive or insufficient sweating.
7. Infectious. It begins because of the pathogen of infection. There is a fever, nervous defeat of extremities. And it develops along the ascending path.
8. Alimentary. It starts because of a lack of vitamins, especially B. Or his wrong assimilation. In addition to pathological signs, there is a violation of cardiac activity.

Features of the disease

In polyneuritis, the pathological lesion of distant nerve endings in the limbs is mainly. In this case, the sensitivity and the decrease in strength in the feet and hands are reduced. If the defeat of nerves started higher, this is already a neglected form. Treatment depends on the original cause.

Polyneuritis of the extremities affects the nerves, so the disease is associated with stops and brushes.

At the onset of the disease, they become colder, and later a sensitivity disorder begins.

Since changes characterized by dystrophic changes occur in the nerves, inflammation is not typical here.

Types of polyneuritis

Polyneuritis can be of several types:

• Infectious. The cause is the catarrh of the upper respiratory tract. In this case, the temperature rises, the cells become inflamed.
• Diphtheria. The reason is incorrect or untimely treatment. This paralyzes the sky, there is a nasal nasal. Eating is difficult.
• Lead. Appears because of sour jam from berries, stored not in earthenware. In this case, the radiation nerves are affected, there are pains in the abdomen and lead plaque on the gums.
• Arsenic. It can be domestic or professional. Signs - pain in the stomach, vomiting and paralysis of the limbs.
• Diabetic type. It affects the nerve endings of the limbs or face.
• Professional. Appears in those who work with vibrating tools, or who, because of work, muscles are overstrained. At the same time there are pains in the hands, sweating, and fingertips pale.

Causes of the disease

Polyneuritis is divided into two groups - axonopathy and demyelinating neuropathy. In the first case, the nervous axes suffer.

Most often this form is due to toxic poisoning. In the second case myelin sheath of nerves suffers.

Can be transmitted by inheritance, there is an autoimmune variety.

Causes of polyneuritis:

1. poisoning the body with dangerous poisons, which can not or are hardly excreted by the kidneys;
2. improper treatment of polyneuritis with isoniazid, bismuth or other antibiotics to which the kidneys react;
3. bacterial, viral and oncological diseases;
4. problems in the work of the endocrine gland - endogenous intoxications, which develop in pathologies of the thyroid gland, nephritis and diabetes mellitus;
5. metabolic disease;
6. pancreas, liver or kidney disease;
7. vitamin deficiency (vitamin B deficiency);
8. encephalopathy;
9. work in the cold and with vibrating tools;
10. genetic disorders.

A separate species is alcoholic polyneuritis. Symptoms are found in patients who abuse alcohol. This form of polyneuritis affects the parts of the nerves in the kidneys, and they stop coping with the poison that enters the body.

Symptomatology

Often, people develop a disease like polyneuritis. Symptoms:

• Shivers, a feeling of numbness and burning of the extremities.
• When examined on the affected areas the skin is pale, with a marble pattern. The touch is much colder than the rest of the body. Because of the overabundance of sweating, wet.
• Muscular weakness, manifested by discomfort during simple household operations - fastening buttons, holding small items in hands, etc.
• Often, gastrointestinal diseases begin, symptoms - vomiting, diarrhea, etc. The cause may be a metabolic disorder.
• On the feet, the back muscles weaken (when bending). As a result, the leg "hangs while walking, the patient has to lift his limbs high.
• Disturbance of sensitivity. Patients do not feel temperature changes, sharp pricks and touches. Simultaneously, severe pain and burning occurs.
• Violation of coordination, uncertain gait and trembling of hands.
• Thinning of the skin on the limbs. Puffiness and the acquisition of a dark purple hue. Changing the structure of nails.
• Severe pneumonia with pronounced tachycardia and shortness of breath.

Diagnosis of the disease

The doctor conducts a survey and a general examination of the patient. Assigns tests that help identify toxic substances in the body. The endocrine system and internal organs are examined. Analyzes for the presence of oncology. Electromyography is performed.

Treatment - drug therapy

How to treat polyneuritis? Symptoms may indicate a specific cause of the disease. After its establishment, the necessary treatment is prescribed. It depends not only on the cause, but also on the degree of impaired sensitivity or nervous breakdown.

If polyneuritis is in the initial stage, then drug therapy is used. Prescribed medications:

1. anti-inflammatory;
2. painkillers;
3. vitamin (thiamine hydrochloride);
4. to accelerate the metabolism;
5. to stimulate the movements of feet and hands.

If the disease is in an acute form, UHF therapy and electrophoresis are prescribed. Often with polyneuritis, you have to treat digestive diseases.

Symptoms, which are manifested, will allow to establish an accurate diagnosis and prescribe a special diet.

The emphasis should be on products containing vitamin B.

Doctors prescribe therapeutic exercise, mud baths and massage. When the disease worsens, rest and bed rest are necessary. To replenish the body of vitamin B, thiamine hydrochloride (in ampoules for intramuscular injection, capsules or tablets) can be prescribed.

Traditional methods of treatment

People's ways can be treated and such a disease as polyneuritis. Symptoms may suggest the cause of the disease. It is necessary to consult a doctor, because initially you need to eliminate acute symptoms. And folk methods - secondary treatment.

Recommended herbal decoctions, which improve metabolism. And also special baths or application to the affected areas of compresses.

For them birch branches, wormwood, pine shoots or eucalyptus are taken. Insist in the proportion of 100 g / liter of boiling water.

Then the resulting infusion is poured into water or applied to the sore spot as a compress.

A source: http://.ru/article/248742/polinevrit-simptomyi-prichinyi-lechenie

Causes, symptoms and treatment of various forms of polyneuritis

In polyneuritis (inflammatory polyneuropathy) there is a symmetrical inflammation of several peripheral neural pathways.

Multiple lesions affect the myelin sheath of the nerve and the nerve itself (i.e. n. cylinder).

With this kind of disturbance, the nerve impulse can not be carried along the nerve trunk.

Therefore, the disease is accompanied by the appearance of:

• paralysis;
• paresis;
• vasomotor disorders (vascular pathology);
• trophic disorders (interruptions in the nerve supply).

Causes and risk factors

Common causes of polyneuritis are:

1. infections (viruses or bacteria, influenza, angina, diphtheria, typhoid, malaria);
2. toxins;
3. metabolic disease;
4. allergens (allergic reactions);
5. trauma, swelling, excessive muscle tension (stroke, fall, nerve compression);
6. electrical or radiation damage.

Intoxication provoking polyneuritis can be caused by ingestion:

• poisons (arsenic, lead);
• various solvents;
• drugs with this kind of side effects;
• alcohol (there is a so-called alcoholic polyneuritis).

The following diseases become the risk factors provoking the appearance of polyneuritis:

1. diabetes;
2. deficiency of vitamins (B1, B6, B12);
3. blood diseases;
4. multiple sclerosis;
5. hypertonic disease;
6. the narrowness of the bony canals through which the nerves pass;
7. work in the cold with vibrating tools.

Classification of the violation

Polyneuritis has different symptoms depending on the affected area. In this case there is a probability of failure:

• spinal roots;
• spinal cord;
• brain.

According to etiological classification, the following polyneuritis is distinguished:

1. Infectious(against the background of flu, sore throats). General malaise, fever, change in blood test.
2. Diphtheria(against a background of diphtheria with a delayed introduction of serum). It develops for 2-3 weeks of the disease, with a toxic form of the disease - for 5-6 days. It manifests itself in the form of paralysis of the soft palate, changes in the voice (nasal), ingestion of food "in the wrong throat numbness of the respiratory muscles.
3. Alcoholic(in people who abuse alcohol). There is a violation of metabolic processes. Changes affect not only the peripheral nerves, but also the brain and spinal cord. The development of the disease is smooth. There are vascular and trophic lesions. Perspiration of the hands. Edema of feet and brushes.
4. Arsenious(against the background of intoxication with poisons). It manifests as vomiting, diarrhea, pain in the stomach. Paralysis of the extremities develops.
5. Diabetic(against the background of diabetes mellitus). A common type of polyneuritis that assumes an epidemiological character. Patients complain of unpleasant sensations in the hands and feet, calves. Pain intensifies in a state of rest. Change the texture and color of the skin (dark purple color, peeling).
6. Professional(work in the cold with vibrating tools). Characterized by the occurrence of pain in the hands, as well as burning, tingling, cold, sweating. There is a pallor of fingertips. Strengthening pain at night, weakening - while moving.
7. Pregnant women(during gestation and after the birth of the fetus). Initially, it was believed that polyneuritis in this case was due to toxicosis. It is now assumed that the cause of this disease lies in the foreign proteins that come from the fetus and the placenta.

Clinic of the disease

In polyneuritis the following symmetrical symptoms are observed:

• neuralgia(strong aching or shooting pain along the entire affected nerve);
• paresthesia(tingling, numbness, crawling, coldness in the extremities);
• pallor or redness of the skinalong the innervation of the diseased nerve, a discoloration of the skin;
• weakness;
• atrophy and muscle contraction;
• painful transfer of touch, cold, heat;
• reduced sensitivity of the limbs.

Depending on the site of damage to the nervous system, the following sensory disturbances are distinguished:

1. olfactory nerve(olfactory hallucinations);
2. optic and oculomotor nerves(reduced visual acuity, limited mobility of the eye);
3. facial nerve(paralysis, severe pain, violation of facial motion, hyperacusis, taste disorders);
4. auditory nerve(hearing loss, ringing in the ears);
5. nervus vagus(impaired speech, swallowing, damage to the cardiovascular system, pulmonary edema, spasm of the digestive muscles);
6. diaphragmatic nerve(pain in the hypochondrium, irradiating the neck, shoulder, dyspnea, hiccough);

The disease is accompanied by impaired movement and paralysis, because damage to the structure of the nerve leads to a violation of the innervation of muscle tissue.

Initial examination and diagnosis

When diagnosing a disease, a specialist, collecting an anamnesis, pays special attention to previously transmitted infections, poisoning, medications, conditions of his life.

It is vaccination and transferred infectious diseases that can provoke an autoimmune reaction to destroy the myelin sheath of nerves and degenerate axons.

The specialist closely observes and studies the symptoms of manifestation of polyneuritis. Symmetrical manifestation of the disorder indicates polyneuritis.

Key signs that help determine the disease when viewed:

• paralysis and paresis of limbs;
• pain in the nerves and muscles during palpation;
• impaired sensitivity (i.e. n. "Stockings" and "gloves");
• sweating of hands and feet;
• violation of trophism of the skin.

Doctors use the following procedures for diagnosing:

Therapy of the disease and the result

The earlier the diagnosis of polyneuritis was made, the better the result of treatment. With inflammation of the nerve fiber, doctors prescribe the following medicinal categories:

1. anti-inflammatory;
2. painkillers;
3. antibiotics;
4. vitamins of group B.

The pain relievers include:

• Diclofenac (3 ml intramuscularly);
• Reopyrin (5 ml intramuscularly);
• Analginum + Dimedrol (2 ml + 1 ml intramuscularly).

In the case of infection and viruses, antibiotics and antiviral drugs are used:

1. Acyclovir;
2. Interferon;
3. Gerpevir;
4. Neovir;
5. Cycloferon.

To stabilize the stocks of B group vitamins, doctors prescribe:

• Angiovitis;
• Biveclex;
• Vitagamma.

To remove cuts apply:

1. Proserin (subcutaneously);
2. Oskazol.

In addition to pharmacological measures, specialists use:

• acupuncture;
• laser therapy;
• massage;
• oxygen therapy;
• magnetotherapy.

Depending on the variety of polyneuritis, their types of therapeutic procedures are prescribed:

1. Infectious. The symptomatology is removed - lowering the temperature of the patient. To do this, rub it with alcohol and apply ice bags and cold towels (cold compresses) to the affected extremities and folds.
2. Diphtheria. The stimulation of the work of the respiratory system, tissue respiration and cardiac muscle is shown.
3. Alcoholic. Vitaminotherapy, the appointment of hepatoprotectors and drugs that improve tissue respiration.
4. Diabetic. Strict adherence to prescribed diet, rest and absence of stressful situations. Assigned microcirculants.
5. Arsenic and lead. Abundant drink, sweats, intake of B vitamins, saline solutions intramuscularly and intravenously.

The treatment of kidney polyneuritis (pyelonephritis) is aimed at working with the disease that provokes it. Therefore, treatment can take a variety of forms and have their own characteristics.

The danger of the disease lies in the fact that the inflammatory process can spread beyond the peripheral nervous system. In cases of complications, the central nervous system is affected, the brain regions are affected.

Polyneuritis (especially against the background of alcohol intoxication) can trigger hemorrhagic stroke and liver disease.

Atrophy of muscle tissue caused by polyneuritis, leads to the death of muscle fibers and replacement of their connective tissue - is the formation of so-called. contractures.

Take care of yourself!

Preventive therapy includes the following options:

• reception of biologically active additives (Cordyceps, Placentol, Riolan, Lecithin);
• intake of B vitamins;
• prevention of viral diseases;
• maintaining a diet;
• moderate physical activity and hardening;
• avoidance of stress.

In order to protect your body from diseases associated with inflammation of the nerve fiber, you should periodically drink certain preventive medicines.

To the recommended additives specialists refer to Cordyceps - a natural antibiotic that removes inflammation and prevents infection in the body, strengthens the immune system.

Placentol (a drug based on the placenta) contains 20 amino acids, strengthens the immune system, is rich in vitamins A, B, C, D, minerals. Riolan has a reductive effect. Lecithin has a beneficial effect on the healing of the myelin sheath of nerves, nourishes the brain tissue.

B group vitamins (B1, B6, B12) will strengthen the fibers of the nerve tissue.

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A source: http://neurodoc.ru/bolezni/nevropatuya/polinevrit.html

Polyneuritis - causes, symptoms, treatment

Polyneuritis is an inflammatory disease of the peripheral nerves, which manifests itself as paralysis, paresis, loss of sensitivity, or trophic disorders. It is characterized by simultaneous symmetrical damage of multiple groups of nerve endings. Occurs in acute or chronic form.

Causes - mechanical or toxic effects

Most often, the disease is secondary and occurs due to mechanical or toxic effects. Poison poisoning, for example, arsenic, mercury or lead, plays a special role.

Pathological effect on the body has potent antibiotics, isoniazid and bismuth.

Lead to the defeat of peripheral nerves may be the abuse of alcohol or drugs.

With renal malaise, disorganization of the liver, pancreas or endocrine system, the PNS is not able to function normally.

A disturbed metabolism provokes the disease, in which nerve cells lack the necessary amount of nutrients and die.

There is an autoimmune character of the development of polyneuritis. That is, due to certain factors, stress or infection, immunoglobulins take their own peripheral nerves for enemy agents and begin to attack them. A certain role is played by genetic predisposition.

Classification of pathology

The localization of the lesion and the degree of spread of the inflammation determine two types of polyneuritis.

Axonopathy is a type of disease in which an axon is affected, the axial cylinder of a peripheral fiber. The cause is toxic poisoning.

The second type is demyelination, which is characterized by the destruction of the myelin sheath of the nerve.

Depending on the reasons, there are five types of illness.

1. Alcoholic polyneuritis. The inflammatory process is localized in the region of the nerve trunks of the distal parts of the peripheral system.
2. Infectious. Occurs in catarrhal diseases of the upper respiratory tract, manifested by an increase in temperature and death of many nerve cells.
3. Diphtheria. Develops with untimely therapy of this disease. Often diagnosed in children.
4. Arsenic. It happens to be domestic or professional, it is characterized by gastric spasms, vomiting and paralysis of the legs. Depending on the amount of poison ingested into the body, an acute or subacute degree is determined.
5. Diabetic. Peripheral nerves of the face or distal parts of the extremities are damaged.

By the nature of the flow, acute and chronic forms are isolated.

The first develops after the transfer of viral diseases and is characterized by an increase in symptoms from a few hours to several days.

The second is characterized by gradual progression against the background of the constant action of the provoking factor.

Symptoms and signs

Signs of polyneuritis are manifested depending on the etiology and type of disease. Alcoholic type is accompanied by loss of muscle tone, later develops paralysis.

It is distinguished by the presence of atypical mental disorders, for example, dips in memory or fictional reality.

When toxic damage to lead affects the radial nerves, there is a sharp pain in the abdomen and a specific plaque on the gums.

The primary symptoms of polyneuritis are a decrease in the temperature of the distal parts of the hands and feet, after which a loss of sensitivity is added.

During demyelination of nerve fibers, the areas responsible for motor functions are affected.

The patient has a partial or complete loss of deep reflexes, a decrease in vibration sensations and a sensitive ataxia. The paresis of the distal parts of the hands or legs develops.

There are the following symptoms of polyneuritis:

• inconsistency of the stage of muscular atrophy and paresis of the limbs;
• permanent muscle weakness;
• because of the thickening of the nerve endings, the natural sensitivity of the fingertips is lost;
• thinning of the skin of the hands and feet;
• the acquisition of cyanotic or marbled skin of these segments;
• Puffiness of tissues, peeling and fragility of nail plates.

Sometimes peripheral nerves in the facial area can be damaged, which is accompanied by a violation of the sensitivity of the organs of sight, hearing and smell. With inflammation of the motor fibers of the HC that transmit commands from the brain to parts of the body, the functions of the muscles, bladder and intestine can be upset.

In the later stages of polyneuritis, due to weakened muscles, the foot practically hangs down when walking, so the patient, rearranging his legs, raises them high.

The lack of signals from the receptors to the brain can lead to loss of balance, inaccurate coordination and dizziness.

Diagnostics

To minimize the negative consequences, you need to see a doctor as soon as possible.

For a qualified neurologist, it is not difficult to determine the polyneuritis by the characteristic visible signs and complaints of the patient.

Confirms the diagnosis of biochemical analysis of blood and urine for toxic substances. Diagnosis of the endocrine and pancreatic glands, as well as kidney and liver.

Polyneuritis needs to be differentiated from oncological diseases. To establish the performance of peripheral nerves, the movement of electrical impulses to muscles is examined.

This method of examination is called electromyography and is regularly performed during therapy to evaluate the results.

Sometimes additional study of the state of the brain and spinal cord by means of magnetic resonance imaging is required.

Treatment complex

With competent therapy, negative effects on the body can be eliminated within 5-10 days. Complete recovery of peripheral nerve health occurs after 2-3 months of rehabilitation.

The course of treatment polyneuritis is determined after finding out its causes and type. The degree of damage and sensitivity disorder is also taken into account.

Therapy is aimed at arresting the destructive process and restoring the lost nerve tissues.

Regardless of the type and form of the disease, the patient is recommended to adhere to bed rest. For some time, the most damaged segments need to be completely immobilized.

To eliminate the provoking factor in the form of toxins, it is required to neutralize their effect by antidotes. Treatment of infectious polyneuritis is carried out by Urotropin or Tripaflavin.

In the diphtheria type, antidiphtheria serum is introduced.

The initial stage is treated conservatively - anesthetics, drugs that stimulate limb movement, and drugs that accelerate metabolism in cells. Auxiliary methods - electrophoresis and UHF.

Be sure to carry out complex vitamin therapy. Vitamin B is recommended. Replenish its reserves will help intramuscular injections, capsules or tablets thiamine hydrochloride.

If the cause of polyneuritis is diabetes, the patient is recommended to virtually eliminate carbohydrates from the diet.

Symptomatic therapy of swelling of affected tissues includes the intake of magnesium sulfate, glucose and diuretics. To improve microcirculation and metabolism in cells, Aminalon, Trental or Nootropil are recommended.

Home treatment polyneuritis includes physical education, reflexology, diet, massage and mud baths. To prevent the formation of contractures with late atrophy, limbs or compression stockings are worn on the limbs.

If medical care is rendered untimely or the lesion affects the sites of the vagus nerve, the outcome of the disease can be lethal.

To prevent the occurrence of polyneuritis, as far as possible, the exposure of toxins, timely treatment of viral diseases and adhere to safety rules in industrial zones.

A source: http://dolgojit.net/polinevrit.php

Polyneuritis of alcoholic, lower limbs: causes, symptoms, diagnosis and treatment

Polyneuritis - damage to the structure of multiple nerve fibers can develop at any age. In rare cases, the disease occurs and develops as an independent ailment, but more often it is a secondary complication of toxic poisoning, trauma, diabetes, alcohol dependence.

The first possible signs of polyneuritis is the appearance of a feeling of numbness and "running" craw in the extremities, recorded in a few weeks, further decrease in the physiological tone of the muscles, the lack of tendon reflexes.

For the disease is characterized by a predominant pathological lesion of the distal, that is, distant parts of the nervous system of the limbs, this is manifested a decrease in sensitivity and strength in the hands and feet, while in the above-mentioned departments these characteristics characteristic of the ailment appear already in the neglected cases.

Treatment of the disease depends on the effect of the primary cause, so in the diagnosis it is necessary to identify this provoking factor.

Polyneuritis, first of all, covers the nerve parts of the limbs, therefore, the symptoms of the disease are connected with this area of ​​the human body.

Polyneuritis of the extremities usually begins with a sensation of a drop in temperature in the area of ​​the feet and hands, and later a sensitivity disorder is added.

The flow of polyneuritis and its prognosis depend on the cause of the disease, so the treating doctor before treatment should determine the etiology of the disease.

Alcoholic polyneuritis

It is characterized by the simultaneous appearance of sensitive and motoric disorders.

For this type of disease, a characteristic defining symptom is the presence of mental disorders, to the most obvious of which pathological memorization refers - the patient does not remember the events that occurred, can distort events and facts.

Dips in the memory of the patient fills with fiction, which sometimes has a clearly fantastic plot. To this, polyneuritis of the lower extremities is added. Legs or arms become cyanotic, they lose sensitivity and mobility.

Polyneuritis of the kidneys

It develops with severe glomerulonephritis and pyelonephritis. The disease is associated with a violation of glomerular filtration. Appear edema on the lower limbs, weakening of hands and feet.

Acute polyneuritis

It usually develops during or after ailments with a viral nature of origin. After eliminating the underlying cause, subfebrile temperature appears, "aching" in the limbs, strong, burning pain along the nerves. All the symptoms grow in a matter of hours or days.

Diabetic polyneuritis

It develops in patients with diabetes mellitus. In a number of cases, violations in the limbs that are noticeable to the patient are registered earlier than the symptoms of the underlying ailment.

With successful treatment of the underlying disease, the symptoms of polyneuritis may persist for a long time, expressed by the difficulty in walking, the inability to perform precise manipulation of the fingers, muscle atrophies and paresis.

If you are looking for a rehabilitation center for rehabilitation, we recommend the rehabilitation center "Evexia where the rehabilitation of neurological diseases and chronic pain, using the most modern methods of physiotherapy.

Chronic polyneuritis

Gradually develops with the constant impact of the disease-provoking factor.

Slowly developing pronounced weakness and atrophy in the muscles located in the lower and upper limbs, then arise signs of changes in the functions of the brain and spinal cord, speech disorders and inflammation of the brain shells.

Toxic polyneuritis

It develops under the influence of alcohol, salts of heavy metals. Depending on the amount of toxin in the body, it can be acute or subacute.

The sharp poisoning is accompanied by obvious symptoms of intoxication - vomiting, pains in the digestive tract, diarrhea.

Then, noticeable signs and deterioration of the general condition are attached.

Vegetative polyneuritis

It occurs with intoxication, thyrotoxicosis, negative professional working conditions. For this form of the disease is characterized by the spread of burning pain throughout the body, worsening trophism of tissues, expressed by temperature changes, excessive or insufficient sweating.

Infectious polyneuritis

Called the causative agent of infection and is considered a remote consequence of the disease. It begins with a fever, the lesions in the extremities are usually recorded in two at once and develop along the ascending path, that is, from the stop to the higher nerve fibers located.

Alimentary polyneuritis

It is caused by a lack of vitamin B in food or by its improper digestion by the body. In addition to signs of pathological lesions in the peripheral nerves of the extremities, severe cardiac disturbances are recorded.

Differences between polyneuritis and neuritis

The main difference between polyneuritis and neuritis is the generalization of the whole pathologically occurring process. With neuritis, one nerve can suffer, which is manifested by the presence of pain in its location.

In polyneuritis, nerve damage is usually defined as symmetrical and captures several groups, which only increases the severity of the disease and the patient's well-being, disrupts gait and operability.

The cause of local neuritis may be tumors, trauma or arthritis, whereas polyneuritis has an infectious and toxic etiology of origin.

Causes of polyneuritis

Causes leading to the development of polyneuritis, conditionally divided into several groups:

1. Infections - angina, diphtheria, influenza, various types of typhoid infection, severe form of dysentery.
2. Exogenous intoxication factors - poisoning with surrogates of alcohol, lead, chlorophos, arsenic.
3. Endogenous intoxications developing in diabetes mellitus, thyroid pathologies, nephritis.
4. Avitaminosis is a shortage of B vitamins.
5. Professional working conditions - constant work in the cold, vibration of tools.
6. Chronic metabolic disorders.

In addition, the development of polyneuritis can contribute to the presence of a disease such as encephalopathy. They are inextricably linked and characterized by loss of sensitivity and motor functions of the extremities, both upper and lower.

Symptoms of the disease

Patients report the appearance of the following symptoms:

• Periodic crawl, burning and numbness.
• On examination, the skin of the limbs is pale, sometimes with a marble pattern, to the touch is colder than all the rest of the body and moist due to excessive sweating.
• The weakness in the muscles begins to manifest discomfort when doing the usual work - the patients can not fasten the buttons, it is difficult to keep small items in their hands.
• On the feet weaken muscles that participate in the rear bend, this leads to the fact that the leg seems to hang down and when walking a person is forced to lift the limb high.
• Sensitivity is broken - many patients do not feel touch, changes in external temperature, injections with sharp objects. At the same time, burning and severe pain are expressed.
• Changes in deeply located muscles lead to movement disorders, uncertain gait, and trembling of the hands.
• Over time, the skin on the limbs becomes thinner, becomes swollen and acquires a dark purple hue, the structure of the nails changes.

In adverse cases, the fibers of the vagus nerve can be involved in the pathological process, which is manifested by a functional disorder of the act of breathing and cardiovascular activity.

Severely leaking pneumonia with marked dyspnoea and tachycardia are recorded. Without proper treatment, this condition can result in a fatal outcome.

Establishing diagnosis

The diagnosis is usually not difficult. The doctor examines and interviews the patient.

Among the additional methods of research are important:

1. Determination of the presence of toxic substances in biological fluids - urine, blood.
2. Examination of internal organs and endocrine system.
3. Exclusion of oncological pathologies.
4. Electromyography - a study aimed at studying the electrical impulses of muscle fibers. This examination is recommended to perform and the period of treatment as a control over the improvement of the course of the disease.

Purpose of treatment

All forms and types of polyneuritis are treated according to the same pattern:

• In the acute period, bed rest and rest are prescribed.
• It is necessary to eliminate the effect of intoxication, when antidotes, that is, preparations aimed at neutralizing toxins, are detected by laboratory diagnostics of acute poisoning.
• In infectious polyneuritis, 4% of Urotropin or 1% of Trypaflavine is administered for several days. In the diphtheria form, the administration of antidiphtheria serum is shown, with influenza form - interferons and gamma - globulins.
• The detection of vitamin deficiencies requires the course use of vitamin complexes, especially from group B.
• To reduce edema on the nerve fibers prescribed Magnesium sulfate, glucose, diuretics.
• Improve microcirculation and metabolism using Aminalon, Nootropil, Trental, potassium preparations.
• Anesthesia therapy is selected based on the severity of the pain symptom and the presence of concomitant diseases.

After an acute period, physiotherapy, massage, mud therapy, therapeutic exercises, reflexotherapy are shown. To prevent the development of contractures with pronounced atrophies and weakness in the limbs, they are worn with longi.

The recovery period lasts several months, at this time a good effect is provided by the spa treatment, constant massage and gymnastics, a specially designed diet.

Nutrition should be especially rich in vitamins of group B - pork, buckwheat and oat groats, eggs, dairy products, liver, kidneys, brewer's yeast.

It is recommended to drink constantly freshly prepared vegetable and fruit juices, especially from carrots. In the recovery period, radon and hydrogen sulphide common baths are used.

Nontraditional methods of treatment

Traditional methods of treatment can be considered only after eliminating the acute signs of the disease. The patient is recommended to drink broths of herbs that improve metabolic processes in the body and use compresses.

1. Shredded stems and leaves of raspberry garden in the amount of a tablespoon pour a glass of boiling water and insist for less than an hour. Take three tablespoons before meals.
2. A spoonful of grass willow tea is poured half a liter of boiling water, placed in a thermos bottle and insisted for 8 hours. Drink the infusion during the day.
3. Improve the metabolism of leaves of nettle and birch. They can be brewed individually or together at a rate of one spoonful of collection per half-liter of boiling water. Cooked broth for a day.

For the preparation of compresses or baths take such plants as wormwood, birch and eucalyptus branches, pine shoots. To make a bath it is enough 100 grams of a plant and a liter of boiling water, the resulting infusion is poured into water.

Consequences and Forecast

Timely treatment of polyneuritis usually ends in a favorable outcome, it should be borne in mind that the recovery of nerve fibers takes months.

Therefore, in the recovery period it is necessary to fully comply with all the doctor's recommendations, undergo physiotherapy and pay attention to nutrition.

It is also necessary to exclude contact with substances that cause intoxication - their repeated influence leads to relapses, the treatment of which will be difficult and long.

Polyneuritis can develop in any person, the main measures for its prevention include the following:

• Elimination of the effect of toxic substances.
• Prevention of viral infections.
• Observance of safety precautions when working with poisons.
• In special working conditions - compliance with all recommendations for the performance of work.

Important in preventing the disease is a balanced and rational diet, treatment of chronic diseases.

A source: http://gidmed.com/bolezni-nevrologii/nevralgija/vidy-i-osobennosti-polinevrita.html