Black sputum when coughing

Expectoration, expectoration, discharge from the lungs. Doctors and knowledgeable people, tell me!

Answers:

cat named Cheburashka

it happens - black, it happens - green.. .
there is a good tool - ATSTS 200.
(vitamin C and the mass of innocuous ingridients splitting formations such as sputum in the nasopharynx and the lungs. .
recommend drinking for prophylaxis even to asthmatics and tuberculosis patients. I myself drink every six months.. .
and about a bronchitis of the smoker has absolutely forgotten - already years 8 as).
doctors and medicine - I do not like and I'm afraid.. .
macro-folk remedies are not taken out or treated.. .
try and help will not do much harm!

Galina

You need to see a doctor immediately. Probably you will be prescribed an X-ray of the lungs.

CONSUELO.

this is an excellent phenomenon. lung means you are cleared)) just drink expectorants))

Always

Run, fool, run, fool, to the hospital, fool.

Lilia Khairova

To the doctor! A expectoration "forced"? Best in Strelnikova gymnastics do, but only after the diagnosis.

Nina

In my opinion, this is a sign of a good cleaning of the lungs from age-old rubbish. Brown is from smoking. Maybe it's the nicotine deposits being cleaned? It well dissolves sputum and facilitates its separation of soda inhalation, grinding with Vital oil, tea with licorice and anise.

Cough with phlegm

Medical specialists apply to such a concept as cough with phlegm, the term "productive." This means that during the coughing episode, the production of bronchial tubes is allocated - mucus secretions, which are excreted with coughing movements outward.

It is believed that such discharge is a sign of purging the pulmonary system, and therefore one of the symptoms of an early recovery. Nevertheless, it should not be forgotten that the presence of mucous secretions may also indicate the development of serious diseases, for example, bronchial asthma, pneumonia, oncology of the respiratory system, ischemic disease heart.

Causes of cough with phlegm

Excretions during expectoration can appear exclusively in respiratory tract diseases, representing the result of increased production and secretion of bronchi (during bronchitis or asthma), the effusion of blood plasma from the vasculature into the pulmonary cavity (during pulmonary edema), the release of pus from the cavities (with abscess, tuberculous caverns, bronchiectasis).

The most common reasons are:

• upper respiratory tract infections (respiratory viral infections and pathologies);
• obstructive form of bronchial inflammation;
• pneumonia;
• allergic conditions, including bronchial asthma;
• rhinitis;
• abscess of the lungs;
• tuberculosis.

The exact reason for triggering a cough reflex can only be determined by a diagnostic method, while Of great importance is the characterization of bronchial secretions, as well as the presence of other associated symptoms.

Is sputum cough phlegm?

Is it contagious if it coughs productively? This question is often of interest to many patients, especially the mothers of small children who doubt about whether it is possible to lead a child into the kindergarten, if the seizures become productive and began to clear slime.

It is worth noting that cough syndrome is contagious regardless of whether it is wet or dry if it is caused by a viral infection. On average, the period of "infectiousness" (in medicine - contagiousness) of a viral disease varies from 5 to 10 days from the time of the onset of the first symptoms. However, some diseases can be dangerous for others for a longer period:

• diphtheria - up to 2 weeks;
• whooping cough - up to 18 days from the onset of the illness. As a rule, after 28 days, the patient who has recovered whooping cough will not be exactly dangerous, even if the coughing trouble continues to bother the patient.

Therefore, it is not entirely correct to believe that if a child has a temperature stabilized and a mucous secret has appeared, then the risk of infecting other children is canceled. The virus often continues to exist in the body and is released by the patient when exhaled and sneezed.

Symptoms of coughing with phlegm

As the symptoms of the disease progress with the accumulation of excretions of the bronchial tree, it becomes necessary to purify the respiratory tract from the accumulated secretion. In this case, a cough reflex works-a call for a sharp exhalation of the air, due to irritation of the bronchial walls with a mucous secretion.

When there is an abundance of mucus, it is important to distinguish the cleansing process from the transition of the inflammatory pathology to the chronic form.

Usually coughing movement originates from a sharp and deep breath, which lasts no more than 2 seconds. After that, the guttural musculature, covering the vocal chink, is also sharply reduced. Bronchial muscles immediately come to tone, the abdominal muscles contract - this action of the muscle fibers is aimed at overcoming the resistance of the closed glottis. At this time, the pressure within the chest cavity is about 100 mm Hg. Art. Then there is a sudden opening of the glottis and an exhaled exhalation. Basically, if the bronchi have accumulated secretions, the cough reflex is triggered involuntarily, but the patient himself is able to trigger it independently.

As a rule, the cough and cramping of the bronchi by itself are not a disease - they are just symptoms of another disease, which is important to detect and cure. Do not ignore other signs that indicate the presence of the disease:

• difficulty breathing, shortness of breath;
• temperature increase;
• loss of appetite;
• pain inside the chest;
• wheezing when breathing;
• change in color and other properties of sputum.

Cough with expectoration during pregnancy

In pregnancy, any disease is perceived extremely negatively: still, it is not known how the disease will affect fetus, as well as pregnancy itself, and medications throughout this period should be taken very selectively. However, there is an indisputable fact that in pregnant women immunity is clearly weakened, so ARD with ARVI during gestation, unfortunately, is not uncommon.

Cough syndrome during pregnancy is also often found: it is not only possible to treat it, but it is also necessary. Illiterate or untimely treatment can pose a serious threat to pregnancy. First of all, coughing jerks can provoke an increased tone of the uterus, which can lead to painful spasms and even detachment. At the same time, arterial and intra-abdominal pressure increases, which can provoke miscarriage at early stages or premature birth at later stages of gestation.

When respiratory illnesses, it is necessary to see a doctor, and not only: it will be better if the woman remembers the doctor for any anxious or suspicious symptoms. It should be borne in mind that coughing attacks and mucus secretion from the bronchi can accompany not only a cold, but also diseases of the stomach, thyroid, heart. Do not start treatment yourself, let the medical specialist do it.

Types of phlegm on coughing

Bronchial mucous accumulations are pathological excretions that go out in the process of coughing tremors from the respiratory tract. In healthy people, too, mucus is produced inside the bronchi: this mucus performs a protective function, not allowing dust, chemicals and bacteria to penetrate to the lungs. If the amount of this mucus increases, pus with other impurities is added to it, then it is usually said about the appearance of moist discharge. Allocation is divided into several types, which depends on their number, color, odor, density, multilayeredness.

Let's talk about the types of mucous secretions for respiratory diseases.

• Green sputum when coughing is usually a companion of many inflammatory pathologies involving the bronchi and lungs. Such diseases can be provoked by a bacterial and viral infection, or have an allergic nature. To the listed diseases carry protracted bronchitis, croupous pneumonia, bronchial asthma, tuberculosis, oncology, etc. As a rule, green dense mucus is a sign of a stagnant purulent process in the lungs.
• Cough with hard-to-recover sputum appears most often as a consequence of ARVI or ARI, and can also be the result of stagnant phenomena in the lungs. If the slimy secret has too dense consistency and viscosity, then it is difficult for him to get out of the respiratory pathways, it accumulates inside the bronchi, provoking constant coughing, not bringing relief.
• Blood in sputum when coughing can appear as a result of a small and harmless bleeding from the capillary vessels of the bronchial tree, which could burst during a coughing attack, and due to serious disease. Therefore, the presence of blood should alert, especially if such a sign is present for several days, or if the discharge contains a large amount of blood. Do not forget that the admixture of blood can get to a secret from patients with tonsils, nasopharynx, bleeding gums.
• Yellow sputum when coughing - this is the result of the appearance of pus in the secretions. Most often this is a sign of an incomplete bronchitis, or its transition to a chronic form. If you continue to neglect treatment, then over time, such a secret can change the color from straw-yellow to rusty or green (an obvious sign of a purulent process).
• Cough with purulent sputum often indicates the development of stagnation inside the lungs, especially if the discharge becomes much thicker. Broncham becomes difficult to remove the purulent secret, which accumulates and can acquire an unpleasant smell and taste. As a rule, without therapy with antibiotics in this situation can not do.
• White sputum when coughing is potentially able to appear with inflammation of the lungs. If the white secret is secreted by lumps, or resembles cottage cheese, then this unambiguously means that the causative agent of pneumonia is a fungal infection. In this situation, antibiotics will not help: special anti-fungal therapy will be needed.
• Black sputum when coughing is in most cases a professional sign - such excretions are typical for miners, masons, excavators. To learn more about the presence or absence of the disease, you will have to pass the secret to the analysis.
• Gray sputum when coughing, as well as black, often accompanies respiratory illness in representatives Some professions, whose work is related to the presence in the air and inhalation of a large amount of dust with suspended particles. To the same category carry heavy smokers, inside the respiratory organs which are deposited nicotine gums, giving the secreted secretions a gray tint.
• Pink sputum when coughing is a sign of the presence of a small amount of blood inside the mucus. Most often this is the result of the bleeding of bursting capillaries, which can occur with too aggressive coughing attacks. However, for such pink discharge it is necessary to observe: if they last more than 3 days, or change color to intense red, then you should immediately contact a specialist.
• Red sputum when coughing indicates the appearance of blood in the discharge. This can be considered as hemoptysis in tuberculosis, actinomycosis, oncology of the respiratory system, with abscess, pulmonary infarction, heart failure or pulmonary edema. This condition is considered very dangerous and requires immediate medical attention. In rare cases, redness of the secretion may be caused by taking certain medications.
• Transparent sputum when coughing is the most innocuous kind of mucous secretions. Usually such a sign accompanies the onset of respiratory illnesses, when complications are still absent, and the disease can be cured without any negative consequences. Nevertheless, if the mucus is viscous, "vitreous," this may be a sign of bronchial asthma.
• Frozen sputum when coughing occurs with anthrax or pulmonary edema. Both that, and other disease are considered very serious, that demands the immediate reference to the doctor.
• Dense sputum during coughing usually appears at the initial stages of the transition of the dry process to wet, or with stagnant phenomena. To the mucous secret was not thick, use thinning medications, chest massage. It is also recommended to use a large amount of alkaline warm liquid.

As you can see, the characteristic of the secretions has the most important diagnostic value. No less important role is played by the description of coughing attacks, so we will dwell further on this symptom.

Types of cough syndrome

Wet cough syndrome is considered a natural physiological phenomenon, through which the accumulation of accumulated mucus from the tracheobronchial tree occurs. However, many are concerned that such a symptom is not always the same. Can this prove anything? In some cases, it really can, because manifestations of cough reflex are a valuable informative moment in setting the right diagnosis.

• A painful cough with phlegm is able to indicate that the mucus is too viscous to go out without hindrance. Therefore, in order to push out a thick discharge, the respiratory tract needs to exert much more effort, which causes soreness or even heaviness in the course of the bronchi. To facilitate the release of mucus, use medications that dilute it.
• Cough with viscous sputum is often characteristic of croupous pneumonia, an inflammatory reaction in the respiratory system. With properly prescribed treatment, after a short time, such mucus becomes liquid, begins to expectorate well.
• Coughing spells with phlegm can be observed with a large accumulation of mucus in the bronchi. If there are many discharges, they gradually begin to irritate the bronchial walls, which provokes a coughing attack. Such an attack continues until all the discharges leave the airway. Then the accumulation occurs anew, and the process repeats. To ensure that mucus does not accumulate in large quantities, it is recommended to periodically move, walk around the room, do light gymnastics. Massage of the chest is useful.
• Cough after eating with phlegm is often not a sign of respiratory diseases. He has other causes associated with the pathology of the digestive system. This symptom is characteristic for peptic ulcer, gastroesophageal reflux, as well as other gastrointestinal diseases. To clarify the diagnosis, it is better to consult a gastroenterologist.
• Cough with phlegm without temperature is a characteristic symptom of ARI or viral infection in patients with weakened immunity. The absence of fever at this stage is not an excuse for ignoring the disease. Treatment is prescribed accordingly with other available symptoms.
• Cough with phlegm and a temperature of 37 ° C is considered one of the typical signs of ARI. This temperature is not dangerous, it does not require the appointment of antipyretic drugs. Moreover, the use of tablets and potions that "knock down" the temperature is highly discouraged in this situation. Temperature values ​​of about 37-3, ° C mean that immunity works, and the body struggles with the disease on its own. In this case, you do not need to interfere.
• An allergic cough with sputum is less common than without it. Usually it is not accompanied by an increase in temperature, there may be a runny nose. If the bronchial secretion is excreted, then, as a rule, it does not contain an admixture of pus or blood - the clearing is transparent. Attacks occur more often at night or after contact with an allergen: animal hair, dust, pollen, etc. 8.
• Cough with phlegm and runny nose - a common occurrence in ARVI or with allergies. It is necessary to distinguish these two diseases: in ARVI often there is a fever, and with allergies it should not be.
• Dyspnoea and cough with phlegm in many cases mean the initial stage of bronchial asthma. This disease consists in worsening patency of the bronchi due to bronchospasm, inflammatory puffiness of mucous membranes, ingestion of bronchial mucus. All these factors have the complex name "obstruction of the bronchi". Shortness of breath with worsening of the condition occurs paroxysmally: in the intervals between attacks the patient usually feels quite satisfactory.
• Cough of the smoker with phlegm - heavy, with wheezing, occurs more in the morning. Slime from the bronchi can be light, sometimes with a gray tint, with an unpleasant smell of nicotine gums. The cough reflex works in response to irritation of the bronchial walls with cigarette smoke, the obstruction of bronchioles with tobacco resins, and the accumulation of a protective secret in the respiratory system. It is observed regularly, almost constantly, can be accompanied by inflammatory processes (chronic) of the trachea, bronchi, larynx.
• Cough with phlegm in the morning is observed with bronchiectasis, chronic bronchitis, gastroesophageal reflux disease, and smokers with experience. To establish the cause of morning bouts, it is often necessary to check not only the respiratory system, but also the organs digestion, since often the mucus inside the lungs is a secretion of the stomach, abandoned by night sleep inside the respiratory ways. This happens during diseases of the esophagus - reflux-esophagitis.
• Night cough with phlegm occurs in bronchial asthma, cardiac insufficiency, sinusitis, pertussis. When diagnosing this type of coughing, attention should also be paid to other symptoms: soreness inside the chest or heart, color of discharge, temperature, runny nose.
• Bark cough with sputum may be a sign of obstructive bronchitis, pertussis, false croup, which is often found in children of childhood. In adults, it can be a sign of pharyngitis, laryngitis, and inflammatory process in the bronchi and (or) in the trachea.
• Coughing up to vomiting with sputum in children is common, as the cough and vomiting center is almost there. Therefore, even a mild attack can provoke the appearance of vomiting, especially if the baby has recently eaten. In adult patients, such a reaction may be a sign of disturbances in the digestive system, namely, peptic ulcer.
• A persistent cough with sputum is a clear sign of chronic damage to the respiratory system. This condition can be observed in heavy smokers, in persons working inside dusty unventilated premises or in chemical industries, as well as in patients who did not receive acute treatment bronchitis. Chronic diseases of the respiratory system are more difficult to treat. If the disease is associated with a professional activity, a change of place of work may be mandatory.
• Paroxysmal cough with phlegm is a frequent satellite of allergy, for example, bronchial asthma. During seizures, the patient experiences shortness of breath may secrete a mucous transparent secret from the bronchi. In breaks between attacks of the patient, as a rule, nothing disturbs - he feels almost healthy.

As can be seen, a cough reflex with secretion can be observed with various lesions of the trachea, bronchi, lungs, larynx, heart or digestive system. Therefore, it is very, very difficult to determine the cause of the indisposition independently. Trust a good doctor: a comprehensive diagnosis will help determine the disease in time to begin treatment of respiratory problems.

Who to contact?

Pulmonologist General practitioner Family doctor

Diagnosis of cough with phlegm

The collection of data on the history of the disease is of great importance for the diagnosis of respiratory pathologies. The doctor will start by receiving the following information:

• When did the disease begin?
• Did other diseases, such as viral infections, precede him?
• Is the seasonality of the pathology traced, are there any seizures of shortness of breath or shortness of breath?
• Are there additional symptoms, such as a runny nose, stuffy nose, heartburn, stomach pain, etc.?
• Is there a temperature increase?
• What is special about bronchial secretions? What color are they? Is there a smell?
• Are there chronic diseases, bad habits?
• What are the features of professional work?
• Is there a tendency to allergies?
• Did the patient take ACE inhibitor drugs (captopril, enalapril, prestarium, etc.)?

After finding out the anamnesis, the doctor proceeds to a number of additional studies.

• Physical examination (general examination). Includes the detection of signs of heart disease, examination of the mouth, throat. The doctor pays attention to the increase in lymph nodes, the presence of free nasal breathing, the purity of the surface of the tongue and tonsils. Conducts audition of the lungs for the presence of wheezing, whistles, crepitations, as well as the nature of the listed symptoms.
• Chest x-ray. It is performed to detect neoplasms and tuberculosis changes inside the lungs, and bronchiectasis and sarcoidosis can also be detected.
• Evaluation of the functionality of external respiration - allows to detect bronchial obstruction, interstitial lung diseases, bronchial asthma.
• Analysis of bronchial secretions with microscopy of the material. Smears are stained by Gram and Tsil-Nielsen, mucus sowing and cytological examination are carried out.
• Instrumental methods of research. Methods of bronchoscopy with cytology and histology are used (mainly if there is a suspicion of oncological disease), biopsy of suspicious tissues, transbronchial lung biopsy, CT scan.

The diagnosis is based on a set of studies, based on the results of a general examination, analyzes of the coughing material and instrumental assessment of the state of the respiratory system.

Treatment of cough with phlegm

Some believe that if bronchial mucus is released, the disease does not need treatment. This is a great misconception. Treatment at this stage is mandatory. It should be aimed at facilitating the diversion of excreta and the elimination of the underlying disease.

If the discharge is poorly expectorated and remains in the bronchial cavity for a long time, it can lead to bacterial complications. Therefore, the most used medicines in this situation are expectorant medications, mucolytics and combined agents. Some of them make slime more liquid, while others control its production in order to produce exactly the amount of excreta that the organism can take out most easily.

Dilution of sputum during coughing can occur with the use of expectorants:

• plant (based on plants) - are represented by pectusin, solutane, tussin, piles, syrup "Doctor Mom";
• synthetic - are represented by bromhexine, lazolvanom, ambroksolom, ATSTS.

Herbal preparations may have fewer side effects, but they are more likely to cause allergies, especially in pediatric patients. All this must be taken into account when choosing the means of treatment.

Treatment for a cough with hard-to-recover sputum should be done only with expectorants and mucolytic medications. In no case can you use antitussive drugs - they block the cough reflex, and hard to remove mucus in general ceases to be excreted. As a result, we get the accumulation of mucus inside the bronchi and lungs, the attachment of bacterial infection and complications, sometimes in the form of pneumonia. Choose medication carefully, after consulting with a doctor. We remind you that such medications should dilute and facilitate the excretion of bronchial mucus, cleaning the respiratory tract from the inside. Simultaneously, the main disease is treated, symptomatic treatment, immunostimulating therapy is carried out.

Means for coughing sputum

If the mucus from the bronchi is difficult to separate and removed, doctors recommend drinking plenty of warm liquid, including herbal teas and compotes. Apply medications that eliminate inflammation, having an enveloping, expectorant and bronchodilator effect, reducing the sensitivity of bronchial walls, increasing the cough threshold. If not contraindicated, you can use steam inhalation with the addition of various drugs and herbs. Inhalations help moisturize the mucous membrane, calm pain, improve the composition of mucus, relax smooth bronchial muscles.

At the same time, medicines based on thermopsis or ipecacuan should not be used in early childhood, since they can stimulate increased irritation of the respiratory system and the appearance of vomiting.

Let's consider the most effective means in more detail.

Inhalations with a spit with sputum often involve the use of herbal remedies: leaves of eucalyptus, sage, calendula, chamomile, St. John's wort, as well as preparations of Salvin and Romazulona. With inhalations of steam, it is recommended to use phytoncides - all known onions or garlic, the proportion: 0. In the pharmacy you can buy onion tincture on alcohol - it is used for the amount of 25 cap / 100 ml of pure water. A good effect is expected from such simple means that use on, l of water:

• sea ​​salt or baking soda (1 h. l.);
• essential oil 10 cap. (eucalyptus, mint, needles, anise, peach);
• balm "Asterisk" - on the tip of the spoon.

You can use oils for inhalation - from sea buckthorn, olives, rose hips, rosemary.

Cough medicines with sputum are divided into several categories:

• products based on bromhexine (Bromhexin, Ascoril, Solvin);
• funds based on ambroxol (Ambrobe, Ambrosal, Flavamed, etc.);
• drugs based on carbocisteine ​​(Bronhobos, Fluviert);
• means based on acetylcysteine ​​(ACTS, Fluimutsil);
• vegetable preparations based on althea, anise, elecampane, plantain, etc. (Mukaltin, Pectussin, Bronchikum, etc.). •

Tablets from cough with phlegm:

• Carbocysteine ​​- stabilizes the consistency of mucus, contributes to its exit from the broncho-pulmonary system. Assign 2 capsules three times a day, with the improvement go to 1 capsule three times a day;
• Likorin - normalizes the secretion of the bronchial glands, relaxes the spasmodic smooth muscle structures of the bronchi. Take ½ or a whole tablet 3 to 4 times a day after eating;
• Likvitorit - a drug of licorice, eliminates inflammation, spasm, improves expectoration. Assign 1-2 tablets up to 4 times a day for half an hour before meals;
• Mukaltin - a preparation of an althaea, a soft expectorant. Apply orally 1-2 tablets up to 3 times a day before meals. •

Antibiotics for coughing with sputum are prescribed only in advanced cases of the disease, as well as with suspected complications. In most cases, the following antibiotics are considered effective:

• penicillin series is represented by amoxicillin (Flemoxin), augmentin, amoxiclav, ampicillin and others. The listed medicines perniciously act on the majority of bacteria which cause an inflammatory reaction in the respiratory organs. If one of these drugs does not show the expected effect, it is replaced by another belonging to another group of antibiotics;
• fluoroquinolone series is represented by levofloxacin, moxifloxacin (Avelox). Such drugs are usually prescribed if antibiotics from a number of penicillins are ineffective;
• the cephalosporin series is represented by cefuroxime (also Zinnat, Aksetin), cefixime (Suprax), etc. These antibiotics are often used to treat inflammatory processes in the bronchi, lungs, pleura, etc .;
• macrolide series is represented by azithromycin (Sumamed), which is often taken with atypical pneumonia, where the pathogens are mycoplasma or chlamydia. •

Cough syrup with phlegm is a very popular remedy, especially in children's practice. Many syrups are analogous to tablets, with a similar composition and action. Children are more willing to take syrups: it is easier for them to swallow a sweet aromatic liquid than to swallow a bitter pill. To choose a syrup it is desirable, being guided by recommendations of the doctor:

• Linkas is a herbal medicine, it eliminates the fever, spasms of the respiratory system, improves the production of mucus by the bronchi. It is prescribed for pharyngitis, tracheobronchitis;
• vegetable syrup Suprima-Broncho - can be prescribed with laryngitis, pharyngitis, pneumonia, whooping cough, tracheobronchitis. May cause an allergic reaction;
• Syrup Lazolvan - a remedy from the group ambroksola. A very common and effective drug. Used for inflammation of the bronchi, lungs, bronchial asthma, congestion, bronchiectasias;
• Herbion - syrup from plantain. Treats inflammation of the respiratory system, helps even with a cough syndrome smoker;
• Bromheksin-syrup - mucolytic, promotes expectoration, thinning viscous mucus. Improves and facilitates the secretion of secretions;
• Erespal when coughing with phlegm - a syrup based on Fenspiride, an anti-bronchoconstrictor. Relieves spasms, eliminates inflammation, reduces the secretion of mucus by the bronchi. Actively used for bronchial asthma, bronchospasm, chronic bronchitis, pertussis, pharyngitis. Can be used in children from the moment of birth, from 2 hours. l. up to 6 tbsp. l. a day before meals. At reception there can be a drowsiness, frustration GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT. • \

Herbs from coughing with phlegm are the most acceptable treatment without medication. Pine kidneys, onion, garlic, marshmallow, mint, chamomile, plantain, mother-and-stepmother, St. John's wort, elephant, sage are used as components for the collections or therapeutic mixtures. Herbs can be used in the form of broths, infusions for inhalation, herbal teas for oral administration. A good effect is given by special breastfeeding, which can be purchased at any pharmacy. There are 4 types of such fees:

• No. 1 - althea rhizome, oregano, mother-stepmother leaf;
• №2 - mother-and-stepmother, plantain, rhizome of licorice;
• №3 - rhizome altea, anise, rhizome of licorice, pine buds, sage;
• №4 - chamomile color, Labrador tea, calendula, violet, rhizome of licorice, mint.

Vegetative components in these collections have complex mucolytic, expectorant, bronchodilating and anti-inflammatory effect. The secret begins to retire on time, the cough reflex is gradually docked.

Folk remedies for cough and phlegm

What other folk remedies are used in the treatment of respiratory diseases with expectoration of a secret:

• We put a whole lemon in water, boil for 10 minutes. Remove from heat, cool. Cut the lemon into 2 equal parts, squeeze the juice into which we add 2 tbsp. l. glycerin, top up to 200 ml with honey, mix. Accepted for 1 tbsp. l. received mass three times a day before meals and at bedtime.
• Mix the equal parts of freshly squeezed carrot juice, black radish and milk. We consume 6 times a day for 1 tbsp. l.
• Mix two chicken yolks, 2 tbsp. l. fresh butter, 2 h. l. natural honey, 1 hour. l. flour. We use the obtained mass for 1 hour. l. throughout the day, can be repeated.
• Take black radish (7 pcs.), Cut into slices, add a little sugar to each piece, leave it for 6 hours. The resulting juice is drained, then we take 1 tbsp. l. every 60 minutes.
• We prepare a kissel from a viburnum on honey, we drink during the day.
• We prepare the infusion of sage (1 tbsp. l. for 250 ml of hot water), we insist, filter, add equal amount of boiled milk. We drink 100 ml several times a day, with honey or sugar.
• Finely chopped, kg of onions, add 400 g of sugar and 40-60 g of honey, boil with 1 liter of water for 3 hours on low heat. Then cool it, drain the liquid. We consume 1 tbsp. l. about 5 times a day, it is possible during coughing seizures.

The use of folk remedies can be more effective if combined with inhalation by steam, using baking soda, medicinal herbs. A positive effect is observed when adding fir, cedar, eucalyptus oil to the fluid for inhalation. Such procedures are best done at night, before going to bed.

What if my cough does not go away with phlegm?

The appearance or intensification of the presence of pus in the mucous secretions, a significant increase in the amount of secretion, an increase in temperature indicators (preliminary signs of exacerbation) may be the reason for the earliest possible and soonest appointment antibiotic therapy. Begin such treatment with the use of ampicillin (1 g from 4 to 6 times a day), levomycetin (per, g four times per day), tetracycline, cefazolin, lincomycin.

To activate a protective immune mechanism, it is recommended to take vitamin drinks and multivitamin preparations. In order to stimulate the nonspecific resistance of the body, biogenic stimulants are used:

• an extract of aloe liquid injecting in / m or s / c of 1 ml per day for a month;
• biosedema IM injection 1 ml (2 ml) every day. For 20-30 days.

From herbal remedies it is recommended to add preparations from elderberry, nettle leaves, parsley root, willow bark.

If the condition steadily worsens, then there can be no question of independent treatment. Therapy should be carried out under the supervision of a doctor - therapist, pulmonologist, otolaryngologist, phthisiatrist.

Help with cough with phlegm

During an attack, the main type of help can be the acceleration of the removal of mucous secretions from the respiratory tract. In the laryngeal or bronchial cavity pathogenic microorganisms can accumulate, and they can be removed only with good expectoration. How quickly it will be possible to clear the respiratory tract from the secretions, so quickly the body will feel relief and begin to recover.

Simultaneously with the use of medicines prescribed by the doctor, the patient should drink a large amount of warm liquid to facilitate mucus evacuation. This will greatly improve the excretion of excreta and purification of the respiratory system. As drinking it is useful to use herbal teas based on lime flowers, dog rose, raspberry, currant, other medicinal plants.

If there is a mucous secret in the bronchi, then drugs that block the cough reflex should not be used. Such preparations include, for example, codeine, as well as all agents based on it.

You can give some advice to those who can not cope with the disease:

• monitor the humidity in the room (normal humidity should vary from 40 to 60%);
• if you smoke, drop it. Moreover, avoid smoky places;
• Avoid overcooling and sudden overheating, do not leave the hot room in frosty air;
• Avoid inhaling vapors of various chemical sprays, detergent-cleaners;
• Do not suppress the desire to clear your throat - so you clear the bronchi, making your condition easier.

Preventing cough with phlegm

The operation of the cough reflex is in most cases a symptom of the disease of the respiratory system, so its can be prevented if time to think about the prevention of respiratory diseases, such as bronchitis, SARS, acute respiratory disease, laryngitis, etc.

For prevention, factors that can provoke such diseases should be avoided: hypothermia, drafts, weakening of immunity, physical overload, stress, beriberi.

Avoid situations that can lead to irritation of the lungs: walk away from smoky, smoky, dusty and chemically treated rooms. Working with chemicals, lacquer-coloring substances can provoke the development of chronic respiratory damage. If being in such premises is inevitable, use appropriate protective measures - gauze dressings, respirators, etc.

If you are addicted to allergies or bronchial asthma, try to avoid provoking factors (contact with potential allergens).

Needless to say, smoking is one of the main factors in the appearance of chronic cough syndrome - very harmful for health in general. If you smoke, give up this habit. The rest can be advised to avoid places where people smoke. Passive smoking irritates the respiratory tract no less than smoking active.

A good preventive effect is provided by tempering the body. It is best to begin the procedure in the summer, when the body can easily tolerate temperature changes, and immunity in summer is considered more robust. Suitable for dousing with cool water, contrast showers, swimming in open water, air and sunbathing, outdoor sports. Winter hardening is better to do under the supervision of a specialist, because illiterate excessive cooling of the body can produce the opposite effect.

Prognosis of cough with phlegm

The prognosis directly depends only on the underlying disease, which triggered the cough reflex. If this symptom accompanies an acute viral or microbial infection of the respiratory system, then it is safely eliminated after the underlying disease has been cured.

If the cause of an attack is an allergy or the use of certain medications, then eliminating the allergen with substitution of drugs for others will help eliminate an unpleasant symptom.

A healthy lifestyle, adequate nutrition, lack of bad habits, active pastime can be the key to a favorable prognosis of respiratory diseases.

If the cough with phlegm is chronic, then getting rid of it will be more difficult - it can require complex complex treatment, often with the use of potent drugs and antibiotic therapy.

ilive.com.ua

What causes sputum with blood and how to treat it?

A phlegm is called phlegm, which is expectorated by a person during a cough. Sputum with blood is observed in certain diseases of the respiratory organs. As soon as the blood is seen when you cough, you should immediately consult a doctor.

Causes of the disease

The main reasons for which sputum is secreted during the cough is blood, these are diseases such as:

1. Rupture of a small vessel. With a strong and sharp cough, sputum with red veins or sputum, colored in a brownish color, may be secreted. In 2-3 days it stops - that's how much time it takes for the damaged vessel to recover.
2. Tuberculosis. Sputum streaked with blood, excreted, even if the patient at this time does not cough at all. Characteristic for this disease are: increased temperature in the afternoon, hair loss, rapid weight loss, sweating, weakness. At the very beginning of the disease, a dry cough can be observed for three or four weeks.
3. Acute or chronic bronchitis. At first, there is a prolonged dry cough, then with phlegm phlegm; elevated temperature; weakness, the patient is difficult to breathe.
4. Acute pneumonia. The excretion in this disease can be either rusty or ordinary with red patches. The patient has a very high fever, there is weakness, sweating and shortness of breath, almost ceaseless coughing.
5. Bronchiectasis. Chronic cough with purulent discharge, in which red impurities are present, while the temperature, shortness of breath, weakness, constant desire to sleep increases.
6. Abscess of the lung. Isolation with this disease is usually a greenish shade with red clots. Often the mucus emits a sharp unpleasant odor. The body temperature is constantly elevated, the patient has lost the desire to eat, there is a strong pain in the chest, weakness and shortness of breath.
7. Lung infarction. In this disease, the patient does not have sputum with blood, but he spits blood. Sputum with red secretions appears after a few days. The patient's heartbeat is greatly accelerated, constantly increasing pain in the chest, fever, chills and heavy breathing.
8. Adenoma in the bronchus. Heavy disease, in which the patient is constantly accompanied by a cough with purulent and bloody discharge. In this case, there is severe shortness of breath, shortness of breath, loss in weight.
9. Fungal infection in the lungs. During the cough, mucus appears with clots of blood. The patient feels acute pain in the lungs, weakness.
10. Infection in the lungs caused by parasites. Dry cough, sometimes with reddish or bright red sputum, skin rashes on the body or other allergic reactions, shortness of breath, spasms in the bronchi may be observed.
11. Damage to the lung (gunshot or stab wound, lung burn). When expectorating sputum is observed with blood. The patient has constant shortness of breath, severe pain in the area of ​​the injured lung.
12. Lungs' cancer. Frequent, causeless scarring, pain in the lungs, permanent weakness.
13. A rupture or infection of the cyst in the bronchi. The patient has purulent discharge with blood, fever, chest pain, weakness, shortness of breath.
14. Hypoplasia in the vessels of the lungs. Sputum production with blood is very rare. This disease is characterized by pain in the lungs, shortness of breath, sometimes a fever.
15. Cystic fibrosis. Sputum with blood, weakness, pain in the lungs.
16. Hereditary diseases of the lungs. The constant presence of blood in the sputum, anemia, there may be bleeding in the stomach and intestines.
17. Blockage of the pulmonary artery. Pain in the chest, the temperature then rises sharply, then, on the contrary, it decreases sharply. Red mucus does not appear immediately - 2 or 3 days after blockage.
18. Swelling of the lung. Shortness of breath, shortness of breath, pain in the lung area, foamy mucus of scarlet color.
19. Mitral stenosis. Blood in sputum after heavy physical exertion.
20. Diseases of the blood. Bloody bodies in sputum are observed due to hemorrhage into the lung. There are: decreased immunity, pain in the lungs, shortness of breath, shortness of breath, loss of food, a strong increase in the spleen and liver.
21. Sarcoidosis. With this disease, the lymphatic system of the lungs is affected, as a result of which several blood veins are observed in the sputum. The patient is very difficult breathing, the constant presence of dyspnea, not ceasing a strong cough, skin rashes are possible.
22. Nodular polyarteritis. Sputum with blood is a direct consequence of a hemorrhage into the lung. In this case, the patient often raises the temperature, palpitations are frequent, intense sweating, fast fatigue, loss of appetite and sudden weight loss.

When is help needed?

When it becomes necessary to see a doctor:

• with a strong, long-term cough with bloody discharge;
• sudden shortness of breath, even if the patient is at rest;
• severe recurrent pain in the chest;
• sharp weight loss, loss of food, weakness, fatigue;
• a strong and prolonged cough in smokers, with coughing, sputum purulent or with blood.

Treatment of the disease

Adults can not just cure cough with phlegm, since such a discharge can relate to a certain disease, which the doctor can determine after receiving the results analyzes.Only after the doctor finds out what causes a cough with mucus, he can prescribe treatment for this disease.

In children, cough with sputum and blood is rarely associated with any serious disease, but does not prevent to be checked all the same and to make sure that nothing serious is present, and only after that to treat cough.

Often, pediatricians for sputum discharge in children prescribe a special massage. Massage this must be done in the morning. Turn the child to the abdomen and put it so that the child's legs are raised as high as possible, and with his hands he could rest on the floor. It is necessary to tap and pattle the baby's back softly for 1 or 2 minutes.

Inhalations are also effective for expectoration. You can give a child a breath of freshly brewed potatoes.

If the cause of a wet cough in a child is tracheitis, then the mustard powder is a very good remedy to heal from it. At night, the child should wear warm pantyhose and socks, on top put on warm socks with a powder of mustard in them.

Decoction of dried nettle leaves. One tablespoon of dried nettle leaves should be poured into 0.5 liters of boiling water. Brew preferably in a thermos. Insist 20 minutes and you can give the child several times a day to drink. To improve the taste, you can add a teaspoon of honey.

At the tip of the tongue of the child, you can drip fir oil on 3-4 drops. To drip it is necessary for the night and in the mornings.

In boiled milk, add carrot juice or radish juice. Shake and drink this juice several times a day.

Black radish clean, grate and squeeze juice out of it, add honey to it. Drink your baby in small portions 5-6 times a day.

In a glass of warm milk, add a teaspoon of honey, soda and butter. Give a child to drink at night.

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If you follow the above tips, you can ease the cough in the patient, but still need to visit a qualified doctor.

respiratoria.ru

The cause of phlegm: in the throat and bronchi, with cough and without cough, green, yellow, thick

Under sputum, health professionals understand the secret, which is allocated by the cells of the bronchi, where the contents of the nose and its sinuses are mixed, as well as saliva. Normally, it is transparent and mucous, there are few, and it is only released in the morning in people who smoke, work in dusty production or live in dry air.

In these cases, it is called a tracheobronchial secret, not phlegm. With the development of the same pathologies in sputum may fall: pus, when in the airways there is bacterial inflammation, blood, when on the way from the nose to the end of the bronchi there was damage to the vessel, mucus in cases of inflammation of the non-bacterial character. This content can become more or less viscous.

Pathological processes as the causes of sputum congestion in the throat without a cough usually take place from the nasopharynx, where the contents of the nose and its adnexal sinuses drain to the trachea. If the disease affected deeper structures: trachea, bronchi or lung tissue, sputum production will be accompanied by cough (in young children, the analog of coughing can be vomiting with a lot of mucus or another content). Bronchitis and pneumonia can, of course, proceed without a cough, but then the separation of sputum will not bother here.

When sputum production is considered the norm

The mucous membrane of the bronchi consists of cells, on the surface of which there are cilia - microtubules, able to make movements (normally - upwards, to the trachea). Between the ciliate cells are small glands - goblet cells. They are 4 times smaller than ciliary, but they are not located so that after every four ciliated ones there is one goblet: there are sections consisting only of ones, or only from cells of the second type. The glandular cells are completely absent in the small bronchi and bronchioles. The goblet and ciliated cells are united by a common name - "mucociliary apparatus", and the process of mucus movement in the bronchi and trachea is mucociliary clearance.

Slime produced by goblet cells is the basis of phlegm. It is needed to remove from the bronchi those dust particles and microbes, which, in view of their microscopic size, were not noticed by cells with cilia that are in the nose and in the throat.

To the mucous membrane of the bronchi tightly fit the vessels. Out of them come out immune cells that control the absence of foreign particles in the air going to the lungs. Some cells of immunity are present in the mucosa itself. Their function is the same.

Therefore sputum, more precisely, a tracheobronchial secret, is also normal; without it, the bronchi would become covered from the inside with soot and impurities, would be constantly inflamed. Its amount is from 10 to 100 ml per day. It may contain a small amount of white blood cells, but it does not detect bacteria, atypical cells, or fibers contained in lung tissue. The secret is formed slowly, gradually, and when he reaches the oropharynx, a healthy person, without noticing, swallows this minimal amount of mucous contents.

Why can sputum be felt in the throat without a cough?

This is due to or increased secretion, or deterioration of its excretion. There are many reasons for these conditions. Here are the main ones:

• Work at enterprises with a high level of air pollution with silicate, coal or other particles.
• Smoking.
• The irritation of the throat with alcoholic beverages, cold, spicy or hot food can cause a feeling of sputum without a cough. In this case, there is no indisposition, no breathing loss, no other symptoms.
• Pharyngo-laryngeal reflux. This is the name of the casting of the contents of the throat where the ingredients of the stomach, which do not have a pronounced acidic environment, are closer to the respiratory throat. Other symptoms of this condition are a sore throat, cough.
• Acute antritis. The main symptoms will be worsening of the condition, fever, headache, allocation of copious amounts of snot. These symptoms come to the fore.
• Chronic sinusitis. Most likely, this pathology will be described as "phlegm in the throat without a cough." It is manifested by difficulty in nasal breathing, deterioration of smell, fatigue. Dense sputum is released from the sinuses into the pharynx, and this happens constantly.
• Chronic tonsillitis. Here the person is worried about "sputum", bad breath, on the tonsils can be seen whitish masses, which can themselves and with certain movements of the muscles of the mouth stand out, their smell is unpleasant. The throat does not hurt, the temperature can be increased, but - within 37-3, ° C.
• Chronic catarrhal rhinitis. Here, without exacerbation, the nose lays only in the cold and then - one half; sometimes a small amount of mucous discharge is released from the nose. When exacerbation there are thick, abundant snot, they create a feeling of phlegm in the throat.
• Chronic hypertrophic rhinitis. Here the main symptom is the difficulty of breathing with the nose, its one half, because of what a person may be bothered by a headache in this half. Also, the sense of smell and taste worsen, and a slight nasal appearance appears. The separable accumulates in the throat or is released to the outside.
• Vasomotor rhinitis. In this case, a person can periodically "catch" sneezing attacks, which occurs after itching in the nose, mouth or throat. Nasal breathing is intermittent from time to time, and liquid mucus is released from the nose or into the pharyngeal cavity. These seizures are associated with sleep, can occur after a change in air temperature, fatigue, acute food intake, emotional stress or increased blood pressure.
• Pharyngitis. Here phlegm in the throat arises against the background of persecution or pain in it. More often still, the sum of these sensations causes a cough, which is either dry, or there is a small amount of liquid phlegm.
• Sjogren's syndrome. At the same time, there is a decrease in the production of saliva, and because of dry mouth it seems that sputum accumulates in the throat.

Sputum color without cough

This criterion can be suspected:

• mucous white sputum testifies in favor of fungal (more often - candidiasis) tonsillitis;
• transparent sputum with white veins can accompany chronic catarrhal pharyngitis;
• sputum green, thick, may indicate chronic hypertrophic pharyngitis;
• and if the sputum is yellow, and there is no coughing, it speaks in favor of the purulent process of the upper respiratory tract (rhinitis, pharyngitis, laryngitis).

If sputum is felt only in the morning

Sputum in the morning can talk about:

• reflux-esophagitis - throwing the contents of the stomach into the esophagus and throat. In this case, there is a weakness of the circular muscle, which should not miss what was in the stomach, back. Accompanying this pathology is usually heartburn, which occurs when taking a horizontal position after a meal, as well as periodically arising belching air or acidic contents. Occurring during pregnancy and accompanied by constant heartburn, is its symptom associated with the compression of the abdominal cavity by a pregnant uterus;
• chronic sinusitis. Symptoms: difficulty in nasal breathing, deterioration of smell until its complete absence, mucus in the throat;
• chronic bronchitis. In this case, the sputum is mucopurulent (yellow or yellow-green), accompanied by weakness, low body temperature.
• be the first sign of acute bronchitis. There is an increase in temperature, weakness, deterioration of appetite;
• developing in the spring-autumn period, talk about bronchiectasis. Other symptoms are malaise, fever. In summer and winter, a person feels relatively good again;
• appearing against the background of heart diseases, evidence of their decompensation, that is, the appearance of stagnation in the lungs;
• developing in young children, talk about adenoiditis. In this case, the nasal breathing is disturbed, the children breathe through the mouth, but there is no temperature or signs of acute respiratory infections.

Cough expectoration

If a person observes the appearance of a cough after which sputum is released, it indicates a disease of the trachea, bronchi or lungs. It can be acute and chronic, inflammatory, allergic, neoplastic or to be stagnant. One can only diagnose the presence of sputum: examination, listening to pulmonary noise, X-ray image (and sometimes computer tomography) of the lungs, sputum analysis - general and bacteriological.

In some way, the color of the sputum, its consistency and the smell will help you to get the diagnosis.

Sputum color when coughing

If a phlegm is yellow when it coughs, it can talk about:

• purulent process: acute bronchitis, pneumonia. To distinguish these states is possible only according to instrumental studies (X-ray or computer tomography of the lungs), since the symptoms are the same;
• presence of a large number of eosinophils in the lung or bronchial tissue, which also indicates eosinophilic pneumonia (then the color is yellow, like a canary);
• sinusitis. There is bad breathing with the nose, separation of not only phlegm, but also snot of yellow mucus-purulent nature, headache, malaise;
• bronchial asthma. The disease is characterized by exacerbations when difficulty in breathing is noted (it is difficult to exhale) and audible rattles in the distance, and remissions when the person feels satisfactory;
• yellow liquid sputum with a small amount of mucus, which appeared against the background of icteric staining of the skin (with hepatitis, tumor, cirrhosis of the liver, or overlapping of the biliary tract with a stone) suggests that a lesion has occurred light;
• yellow ocher refers to siderosis, a disease that occurs in people working with dust, which contains iron oxides. With this pathology, there are no special symptoms other than coughing.

Sputum yellow-green color speaks of:

• purulent bronchitis;
• bacterial pneumonia;
• be a normal symptom after tuberculosis, which was cured by specific drugs.

If the rusty color separates from the cough, this indicates that in the respiratory tract There was a trauma to blood vessels, but the blood, until it reached the mouth, was oxidized, and hemoglobin became hematin. This can be for:

• a strong cough (then there will be streaks of rusty color, which will disappear after 1-2 days);
• pneumonia, when inflammation (purulent or viral), melting the lung tissue, led to damage to blood vessels. There will be: fever, shortness of breath, weakness, vomiting, lack of appetite, sometimes - diarrhea;

If the mucus is brown, this also indicates the presence of the "old", oxidized blood in the airways:

• if the lungs had such, almost always congenital pathology, like bullae (cavities filled with air). If such a bull lay near the bronchus, and then ruptured, brown sputum will separate. If the air still gets into the cavity of the pleura, there will be shortness of breath, a feeling of lack of air that can build up. The "sick" half of the chest is not breathing, and during the rupture of bulla there was pain;
• gangrene of the lung. Here, a significant deterioration of the general condition comes to the fore: weakness, blurred consciousness, vomiting, high fever. Sputum is not only brown, but also has a putrid smell;
• pneumoconiosis - a disease that occurs due to industrial (coal-stone, siliceous) dust. Characteristic pain in the chest, first a dry cough. Gradually, bronchitis becomes chronic, often leads to pneumonia;
• lung cancer. The disease does not make itself felt for a long time, coughing starts gradually. A person sharply grows thin, begins to sweat at night, it becomes more difficult for him to breathe;
• tuberculosis. There is weakness, sweating (especially nocturnal), lack of appetite, loss of body weight, prolonged dry cough.

Sputum from light green to dark green indicates that there is a bacterial or fungal process in the lungs. It:

• abscess or gangrene of the lung. Symptoms of pathologies are very similar (if it is an acute, and not a chronic abscess, the symptomatology of which is more scarce). This is a pronounced weakness, malaise, shortness of breath, chest pain, very high, almost unresponsive to febrifugal, body temperature;
• bronchiectatic disease. This is a chronic pathology associated with the expansion of the bronchi. It is characterized by a current with exacerbations and remissions. When exacerbation in the morning and after finding on the abdomen purulent sputum (green, yellow-green) departs. A person feels unwell, his temperature is elevated;
• actinomycotic process. In this case, there is a prolonged fever, malaise, mucus purulent greenish sputum;
• cystic fibrosis - a disease when almost all the secrets produced by the glands of the body become very viscous, poorly evacuated and inflamed. It is characterized by frequent pneumonia and inflammation of the pancreas, a lag in growth and body weight. Without a special diet and taking enzymes, such people can die from complications of pneumonia;
• sinusitis (its symptoms are described above).

Sputum white is characteristic for:

• ORZ: then the sputum is clear white, thick or foamy, mucous;
• lung cancer: it is not only white, but it has veins of blood. There are also weight loss, fatigue;
• bronchial asthma: it is dense, vitreous, excreted after a fit of coughing;
• heart diseases. The color of such sputum is whitish, the consistency is liquid.

Sputum diagnostics for consistency and odor

In order to evaluate this criterion, it is necessary to expectorate sputum in a transparent glass container, evaluate it immediately, and then remove it by covering it with a lid and letting it brew (in some cases, sputum may become exfoliated, which will aid in diagnosis).

• Mucous sputum: it is excreted, mainly in ARVI;
• Liquid colorless is characteristic of chronic processes developing in the trachea and pharynx;
• Frothy white or pinkish sputum is secreted with pulmonary edema, which can accompany both heart disease, and poisoning with inhalation gases, and pneumonia, and inflammation of the pancreas glands;
• Sputum of a mucopurulent nature can be excreted in tracheitis, angina, bacterial bronchitis, complicated cystic fibrosis and bronchiectasis;
• Vitreous: typical for bronchial asthma and bronchitis with an asthmatic component.

An unpleasant smell is characteristic of a complicated bronchoectatic disease, an abscess of the lung. Fetid, putrefactive odor is characteristic for gangrene of the lung.

If, during settling, sputum is divided into 2 layers, this is probably an abscess of the lung. If the layer is three (upper - foamy, then liquid, then - flaky), it can be a gangrene of the lung.

What does sputum look like in the main diseases?

Sputum for tuberculosis has the following characteristics:

• mucous consistency;
• Unnatural (100-500 ml / day);
• then appear veins of pus greenish or yellowish color, white impregnations;
• if there are cavities in the lungs that have broken the integrity of the tissue, blood streaks appear in the sputum: rusty or scarlet, more or less, up to pulmonary hemorrhage.

In bronchitis, sputum is mucopurulent, almost odorless. If the vessel is damaged, bright scarlet veins of blood enter the phlegm.

With pneumonia, if purulent fusion of blood vessels does not occur, the sputum is mucopurulent and yellow-green or yellow in color. If pneumonia is caused by the influenza virus, or the bacterial process has captured a large area, the discharge can be rusty or streaky with rusty or scarlet blood.

Sputum when asthma is mucous, viscous, whitish or transparent. Standing out after an attack of a cough, similar to molten glass, it is called vitreous.

What to do if you get sputum

1. Seek medical advice. The first should be a therapist, then - an otolaryngologist (ENT) or pulmonologist. The direction to them will give the therapist. You also need to talk about the advisability of putting the sputum.
2. Buy 2 sterile jars for delivery of phlegm. All this day to take a copious amount of warm liquid. In the morning, on an empty stomach, take 3 deep breaths and cough (not spit) the phlegm. In one jar you need more detachable (this should go to the clinical laboratory), in another - less (in the bacteriological laboratory).
3. If the symptoms resemble tuberculosis, the delivery of sputum to the clinical laboratory, where the mycobacterium tuberculosis is detected under the microscope, it is necessary to produce three times.
4. You do not need to do anything on your own. Maximum - to make inhalation with Berodual in the age-related dosage (if sputum was separated after coughing) or to dissolve an antiseptic of the type "Strepsils", "Septotelet", "Tharyngept" (if there was no coughing). Not knowing some of the nuances, for example, that when taking hemoptysis to take mucolytics (ATSTS, carbocysteine) it is impossible, it is possible to do much harm to your body.

zdravotvet.ru

What does sputum color mean when I cough?

Sputum is naturally produced by the surface of the mucous membrane of the mouth, nose, throat, lungs and gastrointestinal tract. Departure of accumulated mucus can occur even if a person does not have any ailment, However, changing its color can serve as an alarm signal for the existing pathological process in organism.

Yellow

If you are not a smoker, sputum yellow, brown or green may be a sign of a serious respiratory illness. Yellow mucus often appears under the influence of various factors. Sometimes such secretions are formed during the common cold, as well as in people suffering from pneumonia, cystic fibrosis and bronchitis.

Sputum becomes yellow due to the large accumulation of lymphocytes that arose due to the inflammatory process. In this case, many doctors must prescribe antibiotics to improve the condition. Nevertheless, it is important that the specialist be able to differentiate your disease from the common cold, which is caused by a viral infection, or cystic fibrosis, which is genetic. Use of additional diagnostic methods by the doctor is necessary if the cough has lasted for a long time.

Brown color

Brown mucus is especially often excreted in the morning by heavy smokers. Discharge from the lungs of this color occurs in people who live in a zone of severe air pollution. It is worth noting that some bacterial infections of the respiratory tract can make sputum brownish-green tinge. This symptom is very serious if the mucus gets such color because of the ingress of blood particles into it, which indicates a serious lesion and internal bleeding of the lungs.

Other colors

Expectoration of pure, transparent sputum is normal, however sometimes the appearance of mucus speaks of allergic reaction, chronic bronchitis, nasal and gastroesophageal reflux disease disease. White or gray mucus is a symptom of viral infection or sinus sinus disease. This manifestation is common among patients who have viral and chronic bronchitis, asthma, throat diseases and various allergies.

Pink sputum indicates a serious chronic condition, for example, heart failure. Usually such discharges are accompanied by fatigue, general weakness, inflammation of the abdomen, frequent coughing and irregular heartbeat. Pulmonary embolism, lung abscess, trauma, tropical eosinophilia may be other causes for blood or pink mucus. Gastroesophageal reflux disease, pneumonia and pulmonary edema often provoke the formation of foamy sputum.

KakProsto.ru

Green sputum when coughing

Green sputum when coughing speaks of an inflammatory process in the bronchi, trachea or lungs with the formation of mucopurulent or purulent exudate.

With intense inflammation, the exudate accumulates and gets into the secretions of the mucous membranes of the respiratory tract affected by the infection.

Causes of green sputum on coughing

The main causes of the appearance of green sputum when coughing are directly related to those diseases, the symptom of which is a productive (wet) cough. Such diseases are tracheobronchitis, acute bronchitis and exacerbation of chronic bronchitis, pneumonia, bronchopneumonia, bronchiectatic disease, post-pneumonia purulent pleurisy (empyema of the pleura), and abscess lung.

As experts note, if coughing leaves green sputum, it means that such gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria are involved in the development of these diseases, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus viridans, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis, Klebsiella spp., Serratia marcescens and other

Bronchotracheitis infectious etiology develops from tracheitis amid a fairly high temperature, rhinitis, pharyngitis or laryngitis, when the inflammatory process descends from the upper respiratory tract in lower. If the cough is dry at the beginning of the disease, with bouts in the mornings, then on the 4th-5th day the cough becomes productive, and yellow-green sputum appears on coughing.

For acute bronchitis, as well as exacerbation of its chronic form is characterized by a strong cough, in which the patient coughs up the mucopurulent exudate of a viscous consistency of yellow or greenish color.

Among the clinical signs of bronchiectasis arising from damage to the walls of the bronchi and their enlargement, there is a green sputum when coughing, often with bloody inclusions and particles of dead epithelial tissues of the bronchi.

In most cases of pneumonia (pneumonia), the bacterium Streptococcus pneumoniae, which doctors call pneumococcus, is to blame. However, pneumonia can also be caused by viruses (mainly RS virus) and fungal infection (pneumomycosis, developing due to fungi of the genus Candida, Actinomyces, Histoplasma, etc.), and even parasites (pneumocystis pneumonia). But a cough of a greenish color can be with any etiology of pneumonia.

And with especially severe forms of pneumonia in their tissues, a pyogenic capsule can be formed - a cavity with purulent-necrotic contents. In this case, an abscess of the lung is diagnosed, which eventually breaks through to the bronchi, and then a green sputum with pus, which has a pronounced putrefactive smell, leaves behind the cough.

Who to contact?

Pulmonologist General practitioner Family doctor

Diagnosis of green sputum when coughing

The exact cause of diseases of the respiratory system, which are accompanied by a cough with green sputum, is designed to establish diagnostics. Unfortunately, the presence of green sputum when coughing is not always subjected to a comprehensive study with the use of proven diagnostic techniques. This leads to the fact that the appointment of antibiotics does not take into account the causative agent of the inflammatory process, and, therefore, with the same symptom antibacterial drugs may not work and do not lead to a cure of the disease or slow the recovery to a great extent and cause complications.

To find out the true origin of cough, a more thorough examination is needed on the basis of:

• a general blood test;
• biochemical blood analysis;
• a blood test for eosinophils, mycoplasma, etc .;
• sowing sputum on the microflora;
• sputum smear microscopy;
• general analysis of urine;
• analysis of urine for antigens;
• koprologicheskogo research (analysis of feces);
• chest x-ray;
• spirometric study of respiratory rates;
• bronchoscopy;
• Ultrasound or CT of the chest.

Treatment of green sputum when coughing

Currently, in the clinical practice, the etiologic treatment of green sputum when coughing, or rather, diseases that have this symptom, is carried out with the help of antibiotics.

Appointment Ampicillin (synonyms - Ampexin, Domipen, Opicilin, Pentrexyl, Riomycin, Cimexillin, etc.): adults - 500 mg 4 times a day; The daily dosage for children is calculated at 100 mg per kilogram of body weight and divided into 6 receptions within 24 hours.

Amoxicillin (synonyms - Augmentin, Flemoxin) adults and children over 10 years old take after meals, d, three times a day, children 5-10 years old, 5 grams, children 2-5 years old, 25 g three times a day. The minimum course of treatment is 5 days.

In the treatment of green sputum during coughing in adults (with pneumonia), an effective fluoroquinolone antibiotic of the third generation Levofloxacin (Levoflocin, Tavanic, Tigeron, Flexin, etc.) in tablets: before meals twice a day, p, 5-, g; duration of admission - 5 days.

Practiced a five-day course of treatment of streptococcal respiratory tract infections with the antibiotic Rovamycin (in tablets by, and 3 million. IU). Adults should take it for 3 million. IU three times during the day, children daily dose is calculated per kilogram of body weight - 150 thousand. IU per day - and is divided into three doses. Also used are Azithromycin (Sumamed) and Erythromycin. And Josamycin (Vilprafen) is especially effective in the inflammation of the respiratory tract, triggered by Peptococcus spp. or Peptostreptococcus spp. Doctors recommend taking the drug 500 mg three times a day.

With pneumonia of fungal etiology, treatment of green sputum with cough should be performed with antifungal antibiotics, for example, Amphoglucamine. The recommended use of this is 10 to 14 days: adults - 200-500 thousand. ED twice a day (after meals); children - depending on the age (25-200 thousand. ED. 2 times a day).

With drug therapy of viral bronchitis and pneumonia, antibiotics should be supplemented with antiviral agents (Remantadine, Acyclovir, Virazol, etc.), which the doctor appoints individually - depending on the specific pathogen disease.

Treatment of green sputum during cough: means for liquefaction and coughing up phlegm

A key principle that all physicians adhere to by prescribing the symptomatic treatment of green sputum cough - in any case not to suppress the cough reflex, but to promote the coughing up of the accumulated exudate.

Expectorants act by dilating the bronchioles, which facilitates the excretion of phlegm. Tablets Terpinhydrate (on, 5 and, d) are prescribed one tablet three times a day. Mukaltin (on the basis of althea medicinal) should be taken before meals by, 5-, g intake 2-3 times (before meals). Lycorina hydrochloride - on, -, mg 3-4 times a day (about 30-45 minutes before meals). Narrow-anis drops should be taken with a cough in this dosage: adults - 10-15 drops 2-3 times a day; children - at the rate of one drop for each year of life. Finally, Pertussin, containing in its composition extract of thyme and potassium bromide, stimulates the physiological activity of the ciliated epithelium and peristalsis of bronchioles, due to which any, including green sputum when coughing, moves from the lower parts of the respiratory tract to the upper ones, and from there is output to the outside. Adults should take Perthussin on a tablespoon three times a day, children - on a tea or dessert spoon 2-3 times.

Mucolytic drugs make sputum less viscous, which greatly facilitates its removal from the respiratory tract. Recommended medics Bromhexine (Bronchostop, Solvin) is used by adults and children over 14 years of age at 8-16 mg 3-4 once a day; children 6-14 years - 8 mg three times a day, 2-6 years - 4 mg, children under 2 years - 2 mg 3 times a day. The course of treatment is 5 days.

Ambrohexal (other trade names - Ambroxol, Lazolvan, Bronhopron, Mukozan, Mukovent, Mucobroxol, etc.) increases the production of mucus in the respiratory tract. Adults drug is given one tablet 2-3 times a day (after a meal) or 10 ml of the drug in the form of a syrup - three times a day. Children older than 6-12 years, the recommended dose of syrup is 5 ml (2-3 times a day); children aged 2-5 years - on, ml; up to 2 years - on, ml twice a day.

Acetylcysteine ​​(Acestin, ATSTS, Mukoneks and others. trade names) adults and children over 14 years of age are prescribed 200 mg 3 times a day; children 6-14 years old - 200 mg each twice a day; for children 2 to 5 years, the drug is recommended in the form of effervescent tablets ATSTS - 100 mg 2 times a day.

Also can be used for coughing with green sputum pharmacy plant charges, which include the root licorice or althea, herb-coltsfoot and oregano, blackberry flowers, plantain leaves of large, seeds anise. Preparing the medicinal broth is simple: a tablespoon of the mixture is poured into 250 ml of boiling water (or two tablespoons per half-liter of water) and a quarter of an hour under a lid on a water bath; then the broth should be cooled, drain and take half a cup twice a day (after meal).

Prevention of green sputum during coughing consists in the effective treatment of cough in any pathology of the respiratory tract, without bringing it to the state of sputum stagnation in the bronchi and lungs. The faster you get rid of phlegm, the more favorable will be the forecast of green sputum when coughing. So, acute bronchitis can be overcome in ten days, but with chronic it will have to be fought much longer - one and a half to two months, or even more.

Remember that inflammation in the airways can lead to purulent bronchitis, chronic pneumonia, bronchiectasis, lung abscess. In the latter case, according to pulmonologists, serious problems arise, for the solution of which you may need urgent surgical intervention.

Therefore, you should consult a doctor if you have a green sputum when you cough.

ilive.com.ua

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